English For Starter 10 industrial SB

Students’ Book ‫ﻡ‬٢٠١٥-٢٠١٤ Vocational Stream Industrial Grade 10 Students’ Book ‫ﻡ‬٢٠١٥
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ﻟﻠﻄﺒﺎﻋﺔ‬ Contents Unit Title Electricity Computers and Operating Systems Mobile Phones 13 Money and Banking 17 Culture and Values Friendship 21 Measurements 22 Electronics 26 Heating and Air Conditioning 30 Satellites 34 Culture and Values Children's Rights 38 Safety 39 10 Diesel Engines 43 11 Alternative Energy 47 12 Success in Life 51 Culture and Values Volunteerism and the Red Crescent 55 Review Page 56 Scope and Sequence UNIT Electricity (pp 5-8) Computers and Operating Systems (pp 9-12) Mobile Phones (pp 13-16) UNIT Money and Banking (pp 17-20) Measurements (pp 22-25) Electronics (pp 26-29) LANGUAGE Language Functions: describing processes Vocabulary: formal / informal phrases Grammar: yes/no questions with be; questions with what and who Language Functions: describing computer parts; giving opinion Vocabulary: prefixes; computer terms Grammar: Present continuous tense; possessive forms including ‘s Language Functions: comparing mobile phones; talking about what is allowed / not allowed; describing the function of mobile phone parts; fixing a date; comparing mobiles and telephones Vocabulary: mobile phone terms; ordinal numbers; months; dates Grammar: present continuous for future arrangements LANGUAGE Language Functions: asking for repetition; talking about money Vocabulary: formal words / phrases for banking; compound nouns Grammar: imperatives; articles Language Functions: explaining problems; giving opinion; giving reasons Vocabulary: measurement terms Grammar: present simple Language Functions: giving examples; making a list of functions Vocabulary: electronics terms Grammar: the two present tenses NEW SKILLS labelling a picture; reading captions and matching them to the correct figure word formation techniques; forming compound nouns making a summary NEW SKILLS listening for detail replying to an email; making notes developing taxonomic skills; scanning for information Scope and Sequence UNIT Heating and Air Conditioning (pp 30-33) Satellites (pp 34-37) Friendship (pp 39-42) UNIT 10 Diesel Engines (pp 43-46) 11 Alternative Energy (pp 47-50) 12 Success in Life (pp 51-54) LANGUAGE Language Functions: describing a cooling system; giving opinion Vocabulary: heating and air conditioning terms Grammar: countable / uncountable nouns Language Functions: expressing similarity; comparison and degree of difference Vocabulary: radio components; adverbs; conjunctions Grammar: comparatives with than; as…as; Adverbs of degree: far / slightly greater than; relative clauses: in which and from where Language Functions: giving explanations; giving opinion Vocabulary: safety terms Grammar: countable / uncountable food nouns; Would you like + noun or infinitive; the pronoun one NEW SKILLS drawing a flowchart; word formation LANGUAGE Language Functions: talking about cars Vocabulary: transitional signals; car parts; manufacturing terms; weather terms Grammar: past tense of to be Language Functions: describing processes; showing cause and effect; talking about advantages and disadvantages Vocabulary: cause and effect verbs; alternative energy terms Grammar: comparative adjectives Language Functions: describing abilities; classifying and defining Vocabulary: work skills and attributes; classification words Grammar: relative clauses (defining) NEW SKILLS completing a flow chart; developing ordering skills All the names, characters and companies mentioned in the book are imaginary phoning to apply for a job; note-making; relating verbs, agent and concept nouns; job advertisement; job application letter taxonomic skills developing ordering skills; completing a spidergram correcting punctuation in emails Electricity A Dialogue Read the dialogue then answer the questions Ahmed: Hi, Mounir Can you explain how the burglar alarm on my window works? Mounir: Well, Ahmed, on your window there’s a small magnet Next to it, on the window frame, there’s a metal switch and two terminals The terminals are attached to two wires and the wires are connected to a battery and a The buzzer circuit closes The current buzzer They make a simple circuit flows from the battery around the When the window is closed, the switch buzzer circuit This makes the buzzer is next to the magnet The magnet produce a loud noise pulls the switch towards it This Ahmed: OK, I understand the circuit But how closes the circuit and electricity flows does the buzzer make a sound? through it The buzzer does not sound Mounir: That’s easy Here’s what happens When the burglar opens the window, he The current flows through the buzzer breaks the circuit The magnet moves circuit The current makes the away from the switch and this allows electromagnet switch on The the spring to pull the switch back This electromagnet pulls the metal strip opens the circuit The open circuit away from the thin wire This causes prevents the current from flowing the current to switch off again When this happens, the buzzer makes When the current switches off, the a sound electromagnet switches off This allows Ahmed: But how does the buzzer sound when the metal strip to spring back towards there is no circuit? the thin wire The metal strip moves Mounir: Because there is another circuit The quickly up and down This makes the buzzer has its own circuit When the loud buzzing noise window circuit opens, this makes the Ahmed: Thanks, Mounir I get it now buzzer circuit close Ahmed: How does this happen? Questions Mounir: The buzzer circuit has its own How many circuits and electromagnets are battery, an electromagnet and a relay there? switch This is how it works: The What is an electromagnet? window circuit opens This causes the electromagnet in the window circuit to How many switches are there? switch off The electromagnet releases What makes each switch open and close? In your own words, explain how the burglar the relay switch on the buzzer circuit alarm works This allows the spring to push the switch After reading the dialogue, label the circuit diagram using the words below battery buzzer spring switch terminal wire B Listening Listen and label the diagram with the words in the box battery cables controller lamps solar panel Listen and match the items with their specifications solar panel controller battery lamps electrical current a b c d e 12V 8W DC 5A 60W 12V 100Ah Electricity C Grammar Study the table then make questions using these words Yes/No questions with to be Is the switch on? Is the alarm working? Is Mounir helpful? Is the buzzer loud? Yes, it is No, it isn’t Yes, he is No, it isn’t Note: We write What is and Who is, but we say What’s and Who’s window / small magnet? next to it / a metal switch? window / closed? the switch / next to the magnet? the buzzer / making a sound? Put these words in the correct order to make questions What your language second is? is the alarm? Who installing What’s frame? the on window switch? checked the Who name of the your school ? What is D Vocabulary Match the following definitions with the words they describe It produces a narrow beam of light and can be used to read barcodes in a supermarket, play compact discs, etc A word to describe any piece of equipment made for a specific purpose A pulse of light, current or sound, that is used to convey information A device that uses electromagnetic waves to calculate the distance of an object Glass fibres that are used for data transmission The study of how robots are made and used A circuit where the current has a choice of paths A situation where the electrical current takes an easier path than the one intended A piece of equipment that stops an electrical current if it becomes dangerous 10 A connection point where several cables are connected a fibre optics b robotics c junction electrical box d laser e signal f branch circuit g circuit breaker h device i radar j short circuit E Matching 8 Read these captions Write in the figure numbers of the diagrams they describe A Fig The person gets a shock because he touches the live wire in an earthed system B Fig This system is not earthed, but a tree touches the neutral wire and acts as an earth The person touches the live wire As a result, he gets a shock C Fig There are no trees in contact, and so this system is completely unearthed Because two people touch a wire, they both get a shock D Fig The person touches the neutral wire in an earthed system, and as a result he doesn’t get a shock E Fig As this system is not earthed, the person can touch any wire without a shock F Fig In this non-earthed system, a tree touches the live wire and acts as an earth Two people touch a wire One touches the neutral wire, and therefore gets a shock The other touches the live wire Therefore he is safe B Listening Listen to a recording of Mr Ali talking to a newspaper reporter about Huda At the same time, read Mr Ali’s words in the newspaper and find answers to the question below D Giving definitions Which of these are people and which are machines? a waiter a photocopier a nurse a bank clerk a video camera a fax machine Match the people and machines from Exercise to these phrases works in a bank serves people in a restaurant records moving pictures makes copies of documents e sends and receives documents by telephone f looks after people in a hospital a b c d What three differences are there between Mr Ali’s words and the words in the newspaper? C Describing abilities (very) good quite good football He is not bad at swimming not (very) English good play (very) well He can swim quite well He speak English (very) well can’t 52 Ask other students about their abilities Examples Can you swim well? Are you good at maths? swim maths following instructions speak English arriving on time Practise these dialogues A What’s a waiter? B A waiter is a person who serves people in a restaurant A What’s a photocopier? B A photocopier is a machine that makes copies of documents We use who or that with people and which and that with things or animals Have similar dialogues about the other words in Exercise Success in Life E Vocabulary Complete the sentences with these words people machines animals shops businesses languages vehicles Cars and trains are Photocopiers and computers are Arabic and French are Sheep and camels are Bookshops and supermarkets are Doctors and lawyers are Banks and travel agencies are F Grammar Relative clauses Word order is important in relative clauses pronoun subject A photocopier is a machine that A bicycle is a machine that people verb object makes copies ride In sentence 1, that is the subj ect of the clause I sentence 2, that is the obj ect, so there is no obj ect after the verb n A bicycle is a machine that you can ride it Give definitions of these things and people Use a classifying word and a relative clause with the given words like the example below a supermarket (sells food) A supermarket is a big shop that sells food elephants (live in Africa and India) a warehouse manager (manages a warehouse) a train (travels on rails) travel agency (helps travellers) stationery shops (sell stationery) 10 Complete these definitions A hat is a thing Shoes are things Spanish is the language French is Horses and camels Cows, sheep and goats A bed a thing A chair you wear on your head people speak in we can ride you sleep on 53 G Reading 11 Read this interview between Helen Potter (HP) and a reporter (R) and give short answers to the tions questions So, you work for TST? Yes That’s right And you’re 24 Er no I’m 27 actually Oh, sorry 27 And you’re single Yes And you’re a secretary s? Or you want Yes Do you want to ask me some question to tell me the answers? first I just need to check the basic information R HP Oh, OK So … your boss is Mr Ali R s HP That’s right He’s an excellent bos ut you too abo gs thin nice Yes He says some R HP Does he? That’s nice er forget anything and Yes, He says you’re very calm You nev R you’re very reliable I’m surprised he knows me HP That’s strange I’m quite new here that well friendly You learn Oh yes He says you’re very pleasant and R fast and you speak English very well I speak English very well HP Speak English very well? Of course I am English an name You’re English? But Huda Kassem is a Syri R I’m Helen Potter I sem Kas a Hud HP You’re right It is But I’m not on! think you’re interviewing the wrong pers R HP R HP R HP R HP Questions How old is Helen? Is Helen married? What does Helen do? Who is Helen’s boss? Why does Helen speak English well? What nationality is Huda Kassem? How old is Huda Kassem? What mistake did the reporter make? 12 Find ten (or more) adjectives in the dialogue 54 Culture and Values Volunteerism and the Red Crescent Read the following text About volunteering Volunteering is offering to perform a service voluntarily, without seeking individual benefits The volunteer aims to undertake work that brings benefits to others in a humanitarian spirit This work could be performed for free or for a small, symbolic amount of money Charity is the essence of volunteering and the greatest direct expression of the humanitarian feeling that all the Red Cross and Red Crescent organisations have adopted as their founding principle One of the duties of the International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies is to provide aid and assistance when disasters occur Aims of the Red Crescent • To protect human life and health • To encourage respect for human beings • To prevent and reduce human problems • To treat people the same, whatever their nationality, race, religion or politics Fact file: Syrian Arab Red Crescent –D amascus Branch (Disaster Management Division) Damascus Branch was established in 1942; it is one of the 14 branches of Syrian Arab Red Crescent The idea of the Disaster Management Division had always been proposed among the Youth Volunteers Committee in Damascus, but its true importance was revealed when the Zizoun dam collapsed in June 4th, 2002 The youth volunteers from the Damascus division were the first arrivals to the scene of the disaster Thanks to their efforts, a camp was established to shelter the citizens displaced by the disaster Damascus Branch has been working hard since its establishment to provide care and protection for injured people in disasters and wars The Red Crescent organises activities for children, programmes to donate blood, campaigns to gather toys for children, rehabilitation sessions and camps… Project: T he power of humanity • Think of a charity (either local or international) you know, or look for charities on the Internet Do your research in books, brochures or on the Internet (Here are two websites you could try: www.worldforworld.org and www.seva.org) • Download and print some pictures Make notes under these headings: Aims, What they do, Fact file… Write your project 55 Review (Units 1-3) A Read the following information about energy consumption and put the words in the right place household electricity use energy-efficient technologies electronics rapidly 50 percent and consumer devices, The energy consumption from communications including computers, mobile phones, and televisions, could be reduced by more than through the use of technologies that exist today While electronic devices account for only 15 percent of today’s , their share is growing TVs, laptops, cell phones, and other high-tech equipment should become more energy-efficient B Rewrite the following text in the present continuous The energy used by consumer technologies and electronics will double to 1,700 terawatt hours This increase will jeopardise global efforts to reduce greenhouse gas emissions C Write questions about the information in the following text using the words given Better equipment and components can cut power consumption (What?), but the largest area for improvement must come from making hardware and software work more effectively together Future devices should use energy only when needed, unlike today’s appliances that use electricity when left idle but plugged into an outlet Many mobile devices are already far more efficient in their use of power than other devices which run off a mains electricity supply (be?) Because extending the battery life of a mobile device is a selling point, manufacturers place an emphasis on designing products which require very little power (Who?) D Put the missing information in the right place in the following table semi- anti- jointly syn- out half hypersonic between ultra- infrared propulsion Prefix Meaning against half colexhemihyperinfrainterpro- 56 Examples anti-aircraft semicircle collude exclude hemisphere beyond below interact motion forward in union beyond synchronise ultraviolet Review (Units 1-3) E Choose four words from Exercise D and use them in a meaningful sentence F Read the following note that Rida has written about the files he has on his computer and when they were updated Write a report about what you read Example Rida updated the operating system file on the 23rd of February File name Operating system Sales Technical support Software source Business shares G Date 18/02/2009 03/04/2009 16/06/2009 22/07/2009 27/08/2009 U pdate in five days eight days six days three days four days Put the following information about the history of mobile phones in order a b c d e f g Next, the first terminal with WAP permitting Internet access directly from the phone was launched The third generation of mobile phones and standards is 3G, a service that enables video conversations, broadband wireless data and others from cell phones The inventor of the first modern portable handset is Dr Martin Cooper In 1973, Dr Cooper made the first call on a portable cell phone Later, the 2G mobile system appeared Along with the new way of transmitting information, a new trend of small 100–200g handheld devices started replacing the brick-sized phones The first commercial handheld cellular phone was launched in 1983, and weighed 28 ounces The ‘vibrating’ option was introduced to phones with dimensions of 148 x 56 x 25 mm and a weight of 236g A multimedia mobile phone with functions such as virtual keyboard and buttons, multi touch screen and all the functions of a regular camera phone was introduced on to the market 57 Review (Units 4-6) A A: B: A: B: A: B: A: B: A: B: A: Read the following conversation and note the phrases used to ask for repetition Rewrite the conversation using other phrases asking for repetition that you have learned Hello Yes, hello My name is Cathy Henderson What did you say your name was? It’s Cathy Henderson Did you say Anderson or Henderson? Henderson, with an H And what is your address? Suite 501, 72 West Sunshine Blvd Sorry, I didn’t catch the last part Do you want me to repeat it? Sorry, I can’t hear you very well B Match the following banking words with their definitions and choose four of them to put in meaningful sentences Stop payment a interest on an annual basis deducted in advance on a loan Time deposit b interest calculated on both the principal and the accrued interest Demand deposit c a written promise to repay a debt Money order d a written order for the payment of a sum to a named individual; obtainable and payable at a post office Overdraft e a draft in excess of the credit balance Compound interest f a certificate of deposit from which withdrawals can be made only after advance notice or at a specified future date Bank discount g a depositor’s order to a bank to refuse payment on a cheque Debt instrument h a bank deposit from which withdrawals can be made without notice C Put the verbs in the imperative form and in their correct places Congratulation Agreement Going Was Picked Signed Chose Provided How can I easily open bank accounts? If you want to open a bank account, the essential steps are: a bank Step 1: to the bank Step 2: the service you want Step 3: your information Step 4: to terms Step 5: the papers Step 6: yourself! Step 7: Opening a bank account is really quite easy as long as you know what to expect Just ready to complete the required steps 58 Review (Units 4-6) D Put the verbs in the correct tense: simple present or present continuous Every technician involved in any form of electronics (have) an oscilloscope It easily interpreted pictures of signals The oscilloscope is one of the (provide) useful for many electronic most important test instruments available It (be) measurements The main purpose of an oscilloscope is to display the level of a signal relative to changes in time H owever, for making quantitative measurements, an oscilloscope is usually a bad choice It is quite typical for the scope to be out by a percent or two but if you (count) on that kind of accuracy, you (use) the wrong tool E Match the measurement words with their definition volume a the amount of space occupied by an object dimension b a measure of the force that gravity ex erts on a body length c the width, length, and height of a figure metres d the length of a straight line between two points volume e how long a certain part or object is density f the amount of matter in a certain amount of space litres g the amount of space an object occupies grams h the main unit of measurement for volume weight i the main unit of measurement for mass 10 distance j the main unit of measurement for length F Write a paragraph explaining an electronics phenomenon or describing an electronic device of your choice 59 Review (Units 7-9) A Put the following words in the correct column system pipe water tank arrow pressure operation pump moist fluid compressor evaporator sound signal data Countable U ncountable B Choose from exercise A three items from the first column and three from the second Put then in the plural in meaningful sentences starting with There is and There are C Join the two parts of the sentences by adding the correct relative pronoun There is a team of highly qualified electricians available, There is a pump on the first floor, a will study your proposal b you can use c will finish the report overnight d will help you with the wires problems D 60 Complete the two missing sentences in exercise C and add the correct relative pronoun Review (Units 7-9) E Put the words in the box in the right space summer need overnight energy temperature pump drawing weather economical This system provides you with everything you By combining an electric heat with an oil or natural gas furnace, you will not only save , but also get effective, efficient cooling in the months No matter what the report says, you can be confident that this system will operate in the most mode For example, on a chilly evening, the electric heat pump switches on heat from the outside air When the weather turns cold , the furnace takes over Then if the rises at midday, the heat pump will keep your home cosy and warm F Put the words in brackets in the right word form obligations to ensure a safe and (health) Employers have (law) for your workplace As an employee, you have rights, and you have (responsible) own wellbeing and that of your colleagues Your rights as an (employ) to work in a safe and healthy environment are given to you by law, and (general) can’t be changed or removed by your (employ) The most important rights are to have any risks to your health and (safe) properly controlled; to be provided, free of charge, with any (person) protective and safety (equip) and to have rest breaks during the (work) day G Read this paragraph Then use the Internet to find out more information about rockets Write the information you find in the space provided below One of the most amazing endeavours people have ever undertaken is the exploration of space Space exploration is complicated because there are so many problems to solve and obstacles to overcome such as, the vacuum of space, heat management problems and cosmic and solar radiation But the biggest problem of all is harnessing enough energy simply to get a spaceship off the ground That is where rocket engines come in Rocket engines are, on the one hand, so simple that you can build and fly your own model rockets very inexpensively On the other hand, rocket engines are so complicated that only three countries have actually ever put people in orbit Rocket engines are reaction engines The basic principle driving a rocket engine is the famous Newtonian principle that ‘to every action there is an equal and opposite reaction’ A rocket engine throws mass in one direction and benefits from the reaction that occurs in the other direction as a result 61 Review (Units 10-12) A Choose the correct verb and write it in the right place in the simple past reach hear sit check leave sit call follow begin go The day (1) terribly My alarm didn’t go off and I (2) the house with only one hour to spare before the plane was due to take off Luckily there was very little traffic and I (3) at the airport with 30 minutes to spare I (4) in at the gate and went for a coffee Just as I (5) down, the announcer (6) my flight I drank my coffee quickly, (7) the sign to the departure gate and (8) through passport control I (9) down in the departure lounge Then I (10) that terrible announcement, the one you don’t want to hear There was a problem with the engine B What does the -ed sound like? Put the verbs in the right column decided looked up negotiated suggested photocopied called back designed wanted agreed placed travelled phoned asked returned visited helped accepted started delivered offered appointed /t/ C /d/ /Id/ Put the adjectives in brackets in the comparative form When working on his calculations, Rudolf Diesel theorised that (high) compression leads to (high) efficiency and more power This happens because when the piston squeezes air with the cylinder, the air becomes concentrated Diesel fuel has a high energy content, so the likelihood of diesel reacting with the concentrated air is (great) Another way to think of it is when air molecules are packed so close together, fuel has a (good) chance of reacting with as many oxygen molecules as possible Rudolf turned out to be right since a gasoline engine compresses at a (slow) ratio than a diesel engine that is much (quick) 62 Review (Units 10-12) D Match the titles with the appropriate descriptions Flexible solar powered rooftop shingles Solar powered wi-fi bus stops Small, low-speed wind turbine New generation of solar devices with trapped sunlight Light-driven nanomotor Transparent electronics: a solar energy breakthrough While we are looking out of the window enjoying the view outside, our windows simultaneously producing energy for our household needs! Physicists use two elliptical mirrors, one collecting sunlight and another focusing sunlight back to the vertex of previous one and into the black body It can operate at speeds as low as miles an hour Consequently, homeowners will be able to buy it This technology was originally used to protect flat panel televisions from dampness They could replace today’s boxy solar panels Chemists are trying a new mechanism to transform light directly into motion on a very small scale What a delightful combination for environmentalists! While you are waiting for your bus to arrive you can happily stay in touch with the cyber world E Write six sentences using relative pronouns to describe the items in Exercise D Example The Solar Powered Wi-Fi Bus Stop is an invention that is a delightful combination for environmentalists F Write a short paragraph describing your view of what success in life means 63 ‫ﺣﻘﻮﻕ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺯﻳﻊ ﻓﻲ ﺍﳉﻤﻬﻮﺭﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺴﻮﺭﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﻔﻮﻇﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﺆﺳﺴﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ ﻟﻠﻄﺒﺎﻋﺔ‬ ‫
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ﺎ‬ 322 Old Brompton Road, London SW5 9JH, England Maktabat El Nashr El Tarbawi El Souri (Syrian Educational Publishers) Omar El Mukhtar 2nd Str., Bldg El Mazraa, Damascus-Syria Phone: (011) 44676789 Fax: (011) 44676788 e-mail: info@syrianep.com www.syrianep.com Reprinted 2014 © York Press 2009 All rights reserved; no part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the Publishers 64
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ﺍﻟ‬ English for Starters,Vocational Stream – Industrial English for Starters,Vocational Stream – Industrial, is an English language course that was specially written for vocational / industrial secondary schools in Syria The course progresses from an intermediate level of English in Grade 10 to an advanced level of English in Grade 12 The book introduces students to concepts in industry; it assumes no prior knowledge of industrial skills on the part of students and teachers The course aims to review and consolidate the language and skills learnt at previous levels and equip students for their future foreign language needs in the following areas: language skills (reading, listening, speaking and writing), grammar, vocabulary and industrial knowledge It enables students to perform routine tasks at work and to take part in social interaction in an industrial context Components: Students’ Book Activity Book including a glossary Teacher’s Book Audio CD ‫ﺱ‬.‫ ﻝ‬١١٥ :‫ﺍﻟﺴﻌﺮ‬