VOCABULARY In this section you will practice the vocabulary you need to improve your score on Part 5 and Part 6 of the TOEIC® test. These are the exercises you will cover: Word Forms identifying parts of speech (nouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs) Words with Similar Meanings choosing from words that have similar meanings (optionchoicealternative, etc.) Word Choice choosing the correct word for the context Prepositions practicing prepositions of time and place (on Monday, for a week, at home, etc.) Words that Look Alike choosing from words that look similar Conjunctions using words that join sentences together (both, although, so, etc.) Phrasal Verbs checking the meaning of common twopart phrasal verbs (break down, call for, etc.) As you work through this Vocabulary section, try to identify your strengths and weaknesses. Notice what problems you have, and focus on the areas you need to improve. Word Forms Identifying parts of speech is an important skill in the TOEIC test. You need to show you can choose correctly between verbs, nouns, adjectives, and adverbs. Study these examples of different parts of speech.
GRAMMAR In this section you will practice the grammar you need to improve your score on Part and Part of the TOEIC® test These are the exercises you will cover: Word Choice Auxiliary Verbs Comparatives and Superlatives Subject-Verb Agreement Pronouns Verb Forms and Tenses Gerunds checking your knowledge of words that are often confused (some/any, etc.) choosing the correct modal verb (will/have/ may, etc.) using the comparative (quicker, more convenient, etc.) and superlative (the cheapest, the most interesting, etc.) making sure the subject and the verb of a sentence match (A team of experts is working on the problem.) practicing the use of different pronouns (She asked me to work overtime on my own.) using the correct form of the verb and the correct tense (We are having a meeting at 4:00 P.M.) using the gerund (-ing form) and the infinitive (with and without to) As you work through this Grammar section, try to identify your strengths and weaknesses Notice what problems you have, and focus on the areas you need to improve Word Choice Study these examples of grammar that can often be confused There are many things we need to There are few women in senior management I not have much work at the moment We have little control over the project Here are some tickets for tonight's movie Can I have some help, please? I not have any luggage Are there any letters for me? This is so easy, it will not take long Used with countable nouns (problems, people, etc Used with uncountable nouns (time, money, etc Used in positive statements and questions Used in negative statements and questions Used before an adjective (so heavy, so cheap) It is such an easy task it will not take Used before an adjective + noun (such a long good idea) Do not work too hard more than is necessary Are there enough chairs? sufficient We not have enough money less than is necessary There is no ink in this printer Used before nouns (no work, no food) The printer is out of ink There is none Used without a noun, meaning "not any" or "not one left I called two hotels They are both Used with a noun to relate two things full Neither hotel has any vacancies I cannot stay at either hotel That is the best meal I have ever had Used in positive statements and Have you ever gone abroad on questions business? I have never had a long vacation Used in negative statements Most workers have lunch in the the majority of cafeteria Of all my hobbies, I like reading the Used in superlatives most Almost all the employees have a very nearly pension MINI TEST Word Choice Choose the most appropriate answer: (A), (B), (C), or (D), to complete each sentence When I got home I was … tired that I fell asleep immediately (A) such (B) such a (C) so (D) too Susan looked for a place to park her car, but there were … spaces left (A) none (B) no (C) not (D) nothing Would you like … assistance with your bags? (A) some (B) ever (C) little (D) much There are not people to all this work (A) no (B) enough (C) much (D) too Very … time is available to resolve this problem (A) short (B) few (C) less (D) little Did you take … photographs when you were on vacation? (A) almost (B) much (C) many (D) most … manufacturing companies are having difficulty at the moment (A) The most (B) Most (C) Much (D) Almost James and Bill … started working here after high school (A) both (B) either (C) neither (D) ever We sent several e-mails, but we … got a reply (A) no (B) never (C) almost (D) either 10 We not have … time to waste (A) no (B) few (C) little (D) any A B C D A B C D A B C D A B C D A B C D A B C D A B C D A B C D A B C D 10 A B C D Score … /10 Auxiliary Verbs Study these examples of modal auxiliary verbs I can/could work overtime if you want May/Can I come in? Phil can speak Japanese, but he cannot write it My previous secretary could type quickly, but she could not use spreadsheets Will/Can/Could you help me with this report, please? You have not eaten all day? You must be hungry That is Susan's car She must have arrived already Mr Hershaw may/might/could know the answer I might have left my keys in the car They are charging $300 an hour That cannot be right Julie was away last week so she could not have heard the news You can use this office, but you cannot smoke in here I must finish this work today You must not park in front of the fire escape You should go home if you are not feeling well You should not have worked so late last making an offer asking for permission present ability/inability past ability/inability making a request deduction deduction in the past possibility possibility in the past certainty certainty in the past permission obligation advice advice in the past night Employees should always arrive on time You should not have any trouble finding us We are next to the station My tooth really hurts I will have to go to the dentist You not have to come in to work tomorrow responsibility expectation necessary not necessary MINI TEST Auxiliary Verbs Choose the most appropriate answer: (A), (B), (C), or (D), to complete each sentence Visitors … sit in Row G because those seats are reserved (A) could not (B) cannot (C) not have to (D) might not This project is very important, so we … try our best to make it a success (A) can (B) must have (C) may (D) have to Excuse me … you open the door for me, please? (A) Could (B) Must (C) May (D) Should You … checked the details more thoroughly before you signed the agreement (A) must have (B) had to have (C) may have (D) should have In my last job I … have to wear a suit (A) must not (B) should not (C) did not (D) could not Donald … called as there are no messages on my answer phone (A) must be (B) could not have (C) had to (D) should not If you get some professional advice you … be able to save the company (A) must have (B) have to (C) can (D) might Meeting Room C is the only room that … hold sixty people (A) should (B) can (C) must (D) has to We … try to get to this afternoon's meeting early as we need to set up the projector (A) must (B) would (C) cannot (D) need 10 The store had so many computers I … not decide which one to buy (A) would (B) could (C) should (D) might A B C D A B C D A B C D A B C D A B C D A B C D A B C D A B C D A B C D 10 A B C D Score … /10 Comparatives and Superlatives Study these examples of the comparative and superlative form Liz works harder than anyone else in the office She is the hardest worker we have Adjectives with one syllable old / older (than) / the oldest big / bigger (than) / the biggest long / longer (than) / the longest I was happier when I worked as a Adjectives ending in -y teacher easy / easier (than) / the easiest Teaching was the happiest time of my lucky / luckier (than) / the luckiest life angry / angrier (than) / the angriest Mumbai is more crowded than Tokyo Most adjectives with two or more syllables It is the most crowded city in the world painful / more painful (than) / the most painful famous / more famous (than) / the most famous expensive / more expensive (than) / the most expensive The sales figures are better than I Irregular adjectives expected good /better / best They are the best figures we have had bad / worse I worst all year more than / less than That trip was less expensive than I the most / the least thought That is the least expensive trip I have ever taken (just) as as Angela earns as much as me the same as Her salary is the same as mine MINI TEST Comparatives and Superlatives Choose the most appropriate answer: (A), (B), (C), or (D), to complete each sentence This crisis is … the company has ever faced (A) so serious that (B) the most serious (C) most serious (D) more serious than That hotel room was not … the one I had last time (A) as comfortable than (B) as comfortable as (C) more comfortable (D) most comfortable The new director seems to be … than his predecessor (A) more interested (B) as interested (C) most interested (D) the most interested I prefer to bring sandwiches to work because it is … eating out (A) less expensive (B) the least expensive (C) less expensive than (D) as expensive The new building is than the one we were in before (A) more modern (B) modern (C) as modern (D) the most modern My office looks onto the street so it is not … yours (A) quiet than (B) more quiet (C) as quiet as (D) the quietest If you feel … tomorrow than you today, you should take the day off (A) as worse (B) bad (C) worst (D) worse We should choose whichever option is … difficult (A) the least (B) the less than (C) as less than (D) as little The new copy machine is just … the old one (A) unreliable than (B) as unreliable as (C) more unreliable than (D) unreliable as 10 I wish I lived … to work (A) more near (B) nearer than (C) as near as (D) nearer A B C D A B C D A B C D A B C D A B C D A B C D A B C D A B C D A B C D 10 A B C D Score … /10 Subject-Verb Agreement Study these examples of subject-verb agreement The Director has an office on the top floor All employees have health insurance The manager, who is very well liked, is retiring Many of the projects I started last year are now completed Two miles is the most I can run without stopping Forty minutes is enough time to get to the station Twenty dollars is the ticket price per person Sixty pounds is more than I can lift Everyone is very excited about the expansion Each of these problems has a solution A number of issues were raised at the meeting A group of scientists have made an important discovery The number of complaints has increased The use of cell phones is prohibited The United States is a major investor in the region Math is not my strong point The New York Times reports record growth in imports News of the merger was well received How much money is in our savings account? All the people I work with are very helpful The police were investigating the company for fraud The committee is going to meet next month The audience was enjoying the presentation, committee, A singular subject takes a singular verb form A plural subject takes a plural verb form The subject and verb must always agree, even when separated, Distance, time, price, and weight are all singular subjects Every, everyone, nobody, each, one of, etc., are all singular subjects A group of, a number of, a couple of, a lot of, etc., are usually used with plural verbs The group of, the number of, the team of, etc., (i.e., with the definite article) are usually used with singular verbs The names of countries, subjects, newspapers, books, films, etc., are all singular subjects Some collective nouns use only singular verbs Some collective nouns use only plural verbs In American English, the following collective nouns are usually treated as singular: audience, class, company, crowd, family, government, school MINI TEST Subject-Verb Agreement Choose the most appropriate answer: (A), (B), (C), or (D), to complete each sentence Bates Bicycles … been here for over thirty years (A) has (B) have (C) are (D) was The team of scientists from Geneva … arriving tonight (A) are (B) is (C) will (D) be One of the senior managers … dismissed for misconduct last week (A) were (B) has (C) is (D) was My favorite kind of program to watch on television … sports (A) are (B) be (C) is (D) has Over $30,000 … taken during the robbery (A) has (B) had (C) was (D) were A number of engineers … trying to fix the problem (A) am (B) be (C) is (D) are The best place to go for a short vacation … Singapore (A) be (B) has (C) is (D) are Do you think that two hours … enough to complete all this work? (A) are 173 What is the main purpose of this memo? (A) To ask staff to reduce expenditure (B) To check cash flow reserves (C) To standardize purchasing procedures (D) To recommend certain suppliers 174 When should the white copy of a Purchase Order for an item costing $350 be sent to the supplier? (A) After placing an order (B) After checking with the Line Manager (C) Before consulting the Accountant (D) Before ordering through the OneStop Network 175 The word "consortium" in paragraph 4, line is closest in meaning to (A) facility (B) range (C) band (D) group Questions 176-177 refer to the following article Automotive Technician An automotive technician requires a detailed knowledge and understanding of the electrical systems used in cars In modern cars, these systems can be extremely complex Having a good general education is therefore important, as good qualifications are often necessary to gain acceptance into an apprenticeship Most apprenticeships for automotive technician jobs are with car manufacturers It is here that essential skills necessary to perform the job are learned First-class vehicle diagnosis is a vital part of the job Unlike a mechanical fault, an electrical fault in a car can sometimes be extremely hard to pinpoint Automotive technicians need to have excellent analytical skills to identify and fix problems They also have to be able to work in an organized and systematic way Familiarity with computers is vital An automotive technician needs to be able to use state-of-the-art technology and a wide range of advanced computer programs The knowledge required to keep up with technology has elevated automotive technicians to become an elite group The professional training and skills required mean that these specialists can earn a salary over $80,000 in today's market 176 What does this article mainly discuss? (A) A current job vacancy (B) Careers in the automotive industry (C) An overview of a particular job (D) Salaries for automotive technicians 177 What is NOT mentioned as a necessary quality of an automotive technician? (A) Excellent IT skills (B) A methodical mindset (C) Problem-solving skills (D) A smart business brain Questions 178-180 refer to the following letter A&T Training Ltd 245 Hamilton Boulevard • Cleveland, OH, 44118-7120 Dear Mrs Petronelli: Thank you for applying for a place in our "Telephone Skills and Telesales" course, to be held on April 5, 9:30 a.m.-5:30 p.m at The Excel Lecture Theater in the Mandy McAllister Center, St Clair Avenue, Cleveland We are happy to say that your application for a position in this course has been successful Please find enclosed an Introduction Pack that gives general information, instructions on how to get to the venue, and your pre-course assignments In order to make sure you receive an approved Certificate of Attendance, you must have completed all the necessary pre-course assignments before you arrive These include: No: 431 Best Practice for Telesales (due March 4) No: 723 Selling by Telephone (due March 11) No: 246 Telephone Skills and Customer Service (due March 18) Please complete each assignment by the due date and mail them to your Academic Support Officer (details enclosed on page of the Introduction Pack) If you have any questions regarding this event, please not hesitate to contact me I am out of the office from March 15 until March 23 However if you need to contact me during this time please e-mail me at a.halson@attraining.org Otherwise, am happy to talk to you on the phone upon my return Kind regards, Andrew Halson Programme Director A&T Training Ltd 178 What is Mr Halson's main purpose in writing this letter? (A) To explain the objectives of the course to Mrs Petronelli (B) To tell Mrs Petronelli about the course requirements (C) To explain where the training course will take place (D) To warn Mrs Petronelli that he will be going away shortly 179 What should Mrs Petronelli if she has a query between March 15 and March 23? (A) Call Mr Halson and leave a message (B) Send Mr Halson an e-mail (C) Contact her Academic Support Officer (D) Wait until Mr Halson returns 180 What is implied about the "Telephone Skills and Telesales" course? (A) The course is now fully booked (B) Participants must have relevant experience (C) Work on the course begins well in advance (D) It is a tough course that not everyone will pass Questions 181-185 refer to the following advertisement and letter Be Amazed by BIZPRINT Our Best Business Card Offer Get 250 business cards absolutely free At BizPrint, we want to help you create a professional image Our marketing products are of the highest quality Let us help you build your company's brand identity Promote a good image and you will increase your revenue and grow your business Full-color printing Choice of 20 elegant designs Quickly! Order now and get a FREE metallic Card Holder Take advantage of this great offer now Hurry while stocks last Call our Priority Orderline at 1800 15 15 15 now The satisfaction of our customers is our highest priority Customer Service BizPrint 78829 Rimmel Blvd California Dear Sirs: After seeing your advertisement in the California Times promising free business cards, I phoned the number given and ordered 250 cards This morning I received a pack containing 500 business cards, together with an invoice for $19.99 As I only ordered the 250 free cards, I phoned to complain and was told the offer was for multiples of 500 and that only the first 250 cards were free The rest are at the regular price This was not explained in the advertisement, or at the time I placed my order Nor was there any mention of the $9.99 shipping fee included in the invoice To make matters worse, the cards themselves are very thin and of such poor quality I cannot use them I notice your company name appears on the back of each card I was not aware that this would be the case, either I am therefore returning the business cards to you, along with your invoice I cannot return the additional free gift, which was also advertised, as this was not in the package I was sent Yours faithfully, Nick Olafson 181 Which of the following claims does BizPhnt NOT make about its business cards? (A) They are well made (B) They are large (C) They help to give a good impression (D) They are printed in color 182 What can be inferred about Mr Olafson from his letter? (A) He has previously ordered goods from BizPhnt (B) He wants BizPrint to resend his order (C) He is unhappy with the level of customer service (D) He feels the advertisement was misleading 183 What comment does Mr Olafson make about the free card holder? (A) It is of poor quality (B) The cards not fit inside (C) He never received it (D) Nobody mentioned it 184 In the letter, the word "matters" in paragraph 3, line 1, is closest in meaning to (A) concerns (B) things (C) issues (D) worries 185 How much is the normal cost for 250 business cards? (A) $9.99 (B) $10 (C) $19.99 (D) $29.98 Questions 186-190 refer to the following two e-mails To: From: Sent: Subject: customercare@energyfirst.com ClaudeDewitt@net4u.com Mon June 5, 9:31 a.m My online account My Customer Reference Number is: 0349503456 Three weeks ago I submitted an application via your website to move my gas and electricity supply to Energy First This morning I received notification that the transfer is complete However, when I logged onto the site, for some reason there are three accounts: a Combined Energy First Plus account, and also separate Gas and Electricity accounts as well Also, I have just received a letter asking for a gas meter reading, yet I phoned and gave meter readings for both fuels last week These don't appear anywhere I also signed up for paperless billing at the time I made my application, but this doesn't show up either Please can you check which tariff I am on? It should be the Combined Energy First Plus tariff I am assured this is the cheapest rate Could you also confirm that my request for paperless billing has been activated? Many thanks Claude Dewitt To: From: Sent: Subject: ClaudeDewitt@net4u.com customercare@energyfirst.com Thu June 8, 3:05 p.m Your inquiry Ref: 398LEIUG Dear Mr Dewitt Thank you for your e-mail about your online account Sorry for the delay in replying The separate gas and electricity accounts you have seen online simply relate to your sales order, and are there to allow you to track the progress of your transfer, submit opening readings and so on They should be removed within two weeks of our starting to supply your gas and electricity In fact, I have had a look today and the electricity order has already disappeared If you click the My Energy link [reference 0349503456] at the top of the screen, you can see that you are on Combined Energy First Plus tariff for both fuels, paying by Direct Debit I am also pleased to confirm that we have received your opening meter readings, and we will send these off to your previous supplier to check they are using the same ones to close your old accounts Please contact us if you need any help in the future and thank you for contacting Energy First Alex Hull Energy Expert 186 What is the main purpose of Mr Dewitt's e-mail? (A) To transfer his energy accounts to Energy First (B) To clarify confusion over his online account (C) To request paperless billing (D) To change his energy tariff 187 When did Mr Dewitt apply to move his energy supply to Energy First? (A) At the beginning of April (B) Around the middle of May (C) Sometime last week (D) On June 5th 188 How many separate energy accounts currently appear on Mr Dewitt's online account? (A) One (B) Two (C) Three (D) Four 189 In Mr Dewitt's e-mail, the word "assured" in paragraph 2, line 2, is closest in meaning to (A) expected (B) concerned (C) specified (D) promised 190 What should Mr Dewitt next? (A) Wait for things to automatically adjust (B) Contact Mr Hull the following week (C) Check that his old accounts have been closed (D) Submit meter readings to his previous supplier Questions 191-195 refer to the following notice and memo NOTICE As you may have read in last month's GCZ Corp Newsletter, we are launching the Staff Forum initiative The group will run four times throughout the year and is intended to be an opportunity to address any issues that staff may have related to the company It is designed to be by the staff for the staff Please contact your line managers for further information We also need six staff members, one from each department, to help prepare questions for this year's Staff Opinion Survey, which will be launched later this year The Survey will cover various aspects of working at the company, and the team responsible needs to seek opinions about what questions should be included As well as providing the opportunity to say what you think about working here, the Survey will be used to help guide our future efforts Both the above opportunities are open to all staff, although numbers are limited If you are interested in taking part, please contact Marianne Northton, Internal Communications at m.northton@gczcorp.co.us, or phone Extension 613 indicating which group you would like to join Remember, it's all about being part of the team and what does team stand for? T ogether E veryone A chieves M ore MEMO To: All Department Heads From: m.northton@gczcorp.co.us Re: Staff Forum / Staff Opinion Survey Dear All A notice regarding these two initiatives has been on the main notice board outside the cafeteria for three weeks now, but I have yet to receive any expressions of interest It is important that we encourage staff, especially junior ranks, to engage in these key decision-making processes In order to promote a more pro-active response, I have decided that anyone who does volunteer to take part in the Staff Forum will receive a $200 bonus for the extra time required Those assisting on the Staff Opinion Survey will each receive $50 Please can you all pass this information on to the staff in your departments at the next Department Meeting Marianne Northton Head of Employee Relations 191 What does the notice mainly discuss? (A) Opportunities for staff to express their views (B) Important questions that workers want to raise (C) The latest GCZ Corp Newsletter (D) The results of a recent employee survey 192 Why was the memo written? (A) To offer staff in certain departments a bonus (B) To respond to important decisions (C) To encourage greater staff participation (D) To report pay raises for junior employees 193 How many people did Ms Northton send her memo to? (A) Two (B) Four (C) Six (D) Eight 194 In the notice, the word "address" in paragraph 1, line 3, is closest in meaning to (A) deal with (B) expand (C) offer (D) construct 195 Which of the following can be inferred from Ms Northton's memo? (A) She is disappointed at the poor response to the initiatives (B) She believes that many junior staff lack motivation (C) She wants the department heads to take more responsibility (D) She will cancel the Staff Forum and Staff Opinion Survey Questions 196-200 refer to the following article and document TRAVEL INSURANCE Worldwide: annual insurance policies For many people in today's "global village," traveling abroad for both business and pleasure is a matter of routine But have you considered the best insurance for the type of travel you undertake? Choosing the right policy could bring considerable savings To help point the way, here are some tips on what you might want to consider when selecting travel insurance policies If you make more than two or three trips a year, consider buying an annual policy as it will usually be cheaper than buying single-trip travel insurance policies All your trips should be covered for a year - even domestic ones You should also look for policies that include at least $5million of medical coverage worldwide, and a minimum of $3,000 of coverage for personal items and baggage Policies that include up to $3,000 for cancellation or delays are also a good idea Along with the standard features, some insurers offer supplementary coverage for missed departures, delays, holiday and airline failure, etc Always check the terms and conditions carefully before purchasing coverage It is worth noting that policy details can change depending on where you buy the coverage Also, the online price can sometimes be cheaper than the price you get over the phone Remember to be careful of any age at which a premium applies, and ask whether pre-existing medical conditions are also covered, if required Elite Insurance Business Travel Specialists Worldwide Travel Coverage Summary Coverage Limit of cover Policy Excess Cancellation and Delays $2,000 $100 Medical Emergency (coverage within the US limited to $20,000) $10,000,000 $250* Personal Accident $30,000 No excess Personal Possessions and Baggage $2,500 $100+ Personal Money and Documents $750 No excess Legal Expenses $50,000 No excess +Single article limit $2,000 Cell phones/accessories limit $300 * Age premium for over 60s Pre-existing medical conditions not included 196 What is the main purpose of the article? (A) To recommend travel insurance (B) To promote safer travel worldwide (C) To compare travel insurance products (D) To give advice on travel insurance 197 Which category of Elite Insurance's worldwide travel coverage falls below the guidelines recommended in the article? (A) Legal expenses (B) Medical emergency (C) Personal possessions and baggage (D) Personal money and documents 198 Which group of people are NOT covered by Elite Insurance for medical emergencies? (A) People who already have an illness (B) People over sixty years of age (C) People traveling in the US (D) People who smoke 199 In the article, the wora "supplementary" in paragraph 3, line 2, is closest in meaning to (A) enhanced (B) prolonged (C) comprehensive (D) additional 200 Which of the following can be inferred from the article? (A) An annual travel insurance policy is best (B) Always check the small print before buying coverage (C) Many people not have sufficient travel coverage (D) Comprehensive travel insurance is expensive ... after, before, as soon as, until VOCABULARY In this section you will practice the vocabulary you need to improve your score on Part and Part of the TOEIC test These are the exercises you will... called and left a message on my voicemail Where is Diane? I think this is her coat Please visit our showroom for a demonstration I think I will the marketing report myself Please help yourselves... Identifying parts of speech is an important skill in the TOEIC test You need to show you can choose correctly between verbs, nouns, adjectives, and adverbs Study these examples of different parts of