luyện thi toeic part 5 6

VOCABULARY In this section you will practice the vocabulary you need to improve your score on Part 5 and Part 6 of the TOEIC® test. These are the exercises you will cover: Word Forms identifying parts of speech (nouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs) Words with Similar Meanings choosing from words that have similar meanings (optionchoicealternative, etc.) Word Choice choosing the correct word for the context Prepositions practicing prepositions of time and place (on Monday, for a week, at home, etc.) Words that Look Alike choosing from words that look similar Conjunctions using words that join sentences together (both, although, so, etc.) Phrasal Verbs checking the meaning of common twopart phrasal verbs (break down, call for, etc.) As you work through this Vocabulary section, try to identify your strengths and weaknesses. Notice what problems you have, and focus on the areas you need to improve. Word Forms Identifying parts of speech is an important skill in the TOEIC test. You need to show you can choose correctly between verbs, nouns, adjectives, and adverbs. Study these examples of different parts of speech.

GRAMMAR

In this section you will practice the grammar you need to improve your score on Part 5 and Part 6 of the TOEIC® test

These are the exercises you will cover:

Word Choice checking your knowledge of words that are

often confused (some/any, etc.)

Auxiliary Verbs choosing the correct modal verb (will/have/

may, etc.)

Comparatives and

Superlatives

using the comparative (quicker, more

convenient, etc.) and superlative (the cheapest, the most interesting, etc.)

Subject-Verb Agreement making sure the subject and the verb of a sentence match (A team of experts is working on

the problem.)

Pronouns practicing the use of different pronouns (She

asked me to work overtime on my own.)

Verb Forms and Tenses using the correct form of the verb and the correct tense (We are having a meeting at 4:00

P M )

Gerunds using the gerund (-ing form) and the infinitive (with and without to)

As you work through this Grammar section, try to identify your strengths and weaknesses Notice what problems you have, and focus on the areas you need to improve

Word Choice

Study these examples of grammar that can often be confused

There are many things we need to do

There are few women in senior

We have little control over the project

Used with uncountable nouns (time, money, etc

Here are some tickets for tonight's

movie

Can I have some help, please?

Used in positive statements and questions

I do not have any luggage

Are there any letters for me?

Used in negative statements and questions

This is so easy, it will not take long

It is such an easy task it will not take

Do not work too hard

Are there enough chairs?

We do not have enough money

more than is necessary sufficient

less than is necessary

There is no ink in this printer

The printer is out of ink There is none

left

Used before nouns (no work, no food)

Used without a noun, meaning "not any"

or "not one

I called two hotels They are both

full

Neither hotel has any vacancies

I cannot stay at either hotel

Used with a noun to relate two things

That is the best meal I have ever had

Have you ever gone abroad on

business?

I have never had a long vacation

Used in positive statements and questions

Used in negative statements

Most workers have lunch in the

very nearly

MINI TEST Word Choice

Choose the most appropriate answer: (A), (B), (C), or (D), to complete each sentence

1 When I got home I was … tired that I fell asleep immediately

(A) such

(B) such a

(C) so

Study these examples of modal auxiliary verbs

I can/could work overtime if you want making an offer

Phil can speak Japanese, but he cannot

write it

My previous secretary could type quickly,

but she could not use spreadsheets

present ability/inability past ability/inability

Will/Can/Could you help me with this

Mr Hershaw may/might/could know the

answer

I might have left my keys in the car

possibility possibility in the past

They are charging $300 an hour That

cannot be right

Julie was away last week so she could not

have heard the news

certainty certainty in the past

You can use this office, but you cannot

smoke in here

permission

I must finish this work today

You must not park in front of the fire

night

Employees should always arrive on time responsibility

You should not have any trouble finding

us We are next to the station

MINI TEST Auxiliary Verbs

Choose the most appropriate answer: (A), (B), (C), or (D), to complete each sentence

1 Visitors … sit in Row G because those seats are reserved

(A) could not

5 In my last job I … have to wear a suit

(A) must not

Comparatives and Superlatives

Study these examples of the comparative and superlative form

Liz works harder than anyone else in

the office

She is the hardest worker we have

Adjectives with one syllable

old / older (than) / the oldest big / bigger (than) / the biggest long / longer (than) / the longest

I was happier when I worked as a

Mumbai is more crowded than Tokyo

It is the most crowded city in the

Angela earns as much as me

Her salary is the same as mine (just) as as the same as

MINI TEST Comparatives and Superlatives

Choose the most appropriate answer: (A), (B), (C), or (D), to complete each sentence

1 This crisis is … the company has ever faced

(A) so serious that

(B) the most serious

(C) most serious

(D) more serious than

2 That hotel room was not … the one I had last time

(A) as comfortable than

(B) as comfortable as

(C) more comfortable

(D) most comfortable

3 The new director seems to be … than his predecessor

(A) more interested

(B) as interested

(C) most interested

(D) the most interested

4 I prefer to bring sandwiches to work because it is … eating out

(A) less expensive

(B) the least expensive

(C) less expensive than

(D) as expensive

5 The new building is than the one we were in before

(A) more modern

(B) modern

(C) as modern

(D) the most modern

6 My office looks onto the street so it is not … yours

(A) quiet than

8 We should choose whichever option is … difficult

(A) the least

(B) the less than

(C) as less than

(D) as little

9 The new copy machine is just … the old one

(A) unreliable than

(B) as unreliable as

(C) more unreliable than

(D) unreliable as

10 I wish I lived … to work

(A) more near

(B) nearer than

(C) as near as

(D) nearer

1 A B C D 4 A B C D 7 A B C D 9 A B C D

2 A B C D 5 A B C D 8 A B C D 10 A B C D

3 A B C D 6 A B C D Score … /10

Subject-Verb Agreement

Study these examples of subject-verb agreement

The Director has an office on the top floor A singular subject takes a singular verb form All employees have health insurance A plural subject takes a plural verb form

The manager, who is very well liked, is

Sixty pounds is more than I can lift

Distance, time, price, and weight are all singular subjects

Everyone is very excited about the

expansion Each of these problems has a

solution

Every, everyone, nobody, each, one of, etc.,

are all singular subjects

A number of issues were raised at the

meeting

A group of scientists have made an

important discovery

A group of, a number of, a couple of, a lot of,

etc., are usually used with plural verbs

The number of complaints has increased

The use of cell phones is prohibited

The group of, the number of, the team of,

etc., (i.e., with the definite article) are usually used with singular verbs

The United States is a major investor in

the region

Math is not my strong point

The New York Times reports record growth

in imports

The names of countries, subjects, newspapers, books, films, etc., are all singular subjects

News of the merger was well received

How much money is in our savings

Some collective nouns use only plural verbs

The committee is going to meet next

month The audience was enjoying the

MINI TEST Subject-Verb Agreement

Choose the most appropriate answer: (A), (B), (C), or (D), to complete each sentence

1 Bates Bicycles … been here for over thirty years

Pronouns

Study these examples of the correct use of pronouns

I was an account manager at BMI

Industries for three years

Mr Saito always has coffee when he gets to

work

Many employees were upset because they

did not get a bonus

Subject pronouns

I, you, he, she, it, we, they

Please give me a call first thing tomorrow

morning

I will give her the message soon

The visitors were disappointed nobody

greeted them at reception

Object pronouns

me, you, him, her, it, us, them

I believe this pen is yours

The decision to cancel the order was not

ours

I met Mike and Tim Aren't you a friend of

theirs?

Possessive pronouns

mine, yours, his, hers, its, ours, theirs

Max called and left a message on my

voicemail

Where is Diane? I think this is her coat

Please visit our showroom for a

demonstration

Possessive adjectives

my, your, his, her, its, our, their

(often tested in the TOEIC test alongside possessive pronouns)

Remember, possessive adjectives modify the

noun (It is my coat) Possessive pronouns replace the noun (it's mine)

I think I will do the marketing report

MINI TEST Pronouns

Choose the most appropriate answer: (A), (B), (C) or (D), to complete each sentence

1 Everything I know about computers I taught …

3 I would like to welcome you all to … new headquarters

Verb Forms and Tenses

Study these examples of different tenses and their forms

We always have a staff meeting every

Look for adverbs of frequency (always, usually, etc.) and time markers (every day, once a week, etc.)

Susan is having lunch at the moment

Why are you advertising for new staff?

I am not attending the conference next

week, because it is canceled

Present continuous Used for things that are happening right now or around now, or future planned events

Look for adverbs and time markers (at the moment, right now, still, etc.)

Remember, stative verbs (e.g know, believe, see, hear) and verbs of emotion (like, want, prefer, etc.) do not use the

continuous form

Andrew has worked for that company

for ten years

We have not exported to the European

Union before

The mayor has just resigned

Present perfect Used for things that have started but not finished, general experience, or things that happened very recently

Look for time markers (already yet, just,

etc.)

Remember, for = a period of time (for three years), since = a point of time (since 2011)

We delivered the parts to the customer

last week

Did you stay in the Grand Hotel?

I did not go to the party because I felt

sick

Past simple Used for things that finished in the past

Look for time markers (already, yet, just,

etc.)

Remember, some verbs have irregular

past forms (go-went, know-knew, etc.)

They were talking about the new

design for hours

Wasn't anyone waiting for you when

you arrived?

Sam was typing a report when his

computer crashed

Past continuous Used for things that were in progress in the past, or that were interrupted in the past

When we arrived, the meeting had

already started

Although I had not given a

presentation before, I did not feel

nervous

Past perfect Used for things that happened before another action in the past

Are you going to take a vacation this

Use will/will not for decisions made at

the time of speaking

Look for time markers (next, tomorrow,

etc.)

MINI TEST Verb Forms and Tenses

Choose the most appropriate answer: (A), (B), (C) or (D), to complete each sentence

1 We … coffee when the new Vice President came into the office

(A) have

(B) were having

(C) will have

(D) have had

2 What time is Mrs Ono … ?

(A) will come

4 Mr Denny called to say the package you sent … arrived yet

(A) was not

7 Brendon … work until late last night

(A) did not finish

(B) had not finished

(C) has not finished

(D) will not finish

8 I … that the new rescue plan will work

Gerunds and Infinitives

Study these examples of gerunds and infinitives

Smoking is not permitted in this office

Experts agree that swimming relieves

as the subject of a sentence

as the object of a sentence

after certain verbs (e.g admit, adore, appreciate, avoid, delay, deny, dislike, enjoy, feel, finish, imagine, involve, justify, keep (on), mention, mind, miss, postpone, practice, quit, recommend, risk, suggest, waste)

after certain adjectives + prepositions

(e.g., interested in, good/bad at, angry about, etc.)

Why did you choose to cancel the

order?

Unfortunately, it is not possible to

change the date of your next

appointment

The security guard wouldn't allow us to

enter the building without a ticket

I have called this meeting to discuss

our training program

Please let me show you to your room

Infinitive

after certain verbs (e.g agree, arrange, attempt, choose, dare, decide, expect, help, hope, intend, learn, manage, need, offer, plan, pretend, promise, refuse, seem, want)

after certain adjectives (e.g difficult, easy, happy, pleased, possible)

after certain verbs that take an object

with to (e.g advise, allow, beg, expect, forbid, help, tell, want, warn)

to express a purpose

after certain verbs that take an object

without to (e.g., let, make)

George and Kylie do not like to work

on weekends

I like working on weekends

Some verbs take either the gerund or the infinitive with no significant difference in

meaning (e.g begin, continue, hate, like, love, prefer, start)

Janet remembered to send the invoice

(The action happened after she

MINI TEST Gerunds and Infinitives

Choose the most appropriate answer: (A), (B), (C), or (D), to complete each sentence

1 All employees are forbidden … jeans at work

Common Grammar "Traps" in the TOEIC® Test

Here are some of the most common grammar "traps" that are used in the TOEIC test

Are you preferring to go by bus or take a

taxi?

Do you prefer to go by bus or take a taxi?

Stative verbs cannot be used in the continuous form

We do not have no time to watch TV

We do not have any time to watch TV

Avoid double negatives

They asked me to wait by themselves

They asked me to wait by myself

Make sure pronouns agree

Our Europe sales have fallen this year

Our European sales have fallen this year

Adjectives modify nouns

I did not work enough hard to pass the

exam

I did not work hard enough to pass the

exam

Be careful of word order

She asked me how long had I worked

for DNG Corp

She asked me how long I had worked for

DNG Corp

Indirect questions do not use inversion

The accident was happened while

workers were leaving the factory

The accident happened while workers

were leaving the factory

Intransitive verbs cannot be used in the passive form

Everyone was very boring by the long

Make sure adverbs are used correctly

I will call you when the client will arrive

I will call you when the client arrives

The present simple tense can be used for future time after when, while, after, before, as soon as, until

VOCABULARY

In this section you will practice the vocabulary you need to improve your score on Part 5 and Part 6 of the TOEIC® test

These are the exercises you will cover:

Word Forms identifying parts of speech (nouns, verbs,

adjectives, adverbs)

Words with Similar Meanings

choosing from words that have similar

meanings (option/choice/alternative,

etc.) Word Choice choosing the correct word for the context Prepositions practicing prepositions of time and place

(on Monday, for a week, at home, etc.)

Words that Look Alike choosing from words that look similar Conjunctions using words that join sentences together

(both, although, so, etc.)

Phrasal Verbs checking the meaning of common two-part phrasal verbs (break down, call for,

etc.)

As you work through this Vocabulary section, try to identify your strengths and

weaknesses Notice what problems you have, and focus on the areas you need to improve

Word Forms

Identifying parts of speech is an important skill in the TOEIC test You need to show you can choose correctly between verbs, nouns, adjectives, and adverbs Study these examples

of different parts of speech

We will need to widen our search for

Common endings include en, ize, ify, er,

-ate

Thank you for your application

The entrance is over there on the left

This candidate has a lot of experience

Nouns Used for people, objects, and places Abstract nouns are especially common Endings may

I would like you to meet our technician

and the office manager

Steven is a chief economist for JD

Securities We moved to this neighborhood

two years ago Do you need any assistance?

Their kindness made a good impression on

me

include -tion, -ance, -ate, -ence, -ian, -er, -ist,

-hood, -ance, -ness, -ion

That lunch was wonderful

You will find this is a very friendly and

supportive place to work

She is a very famous speaker Thank you

for such an interesting presentation

Expanding into Asia is a strategic decision

The most economical solution is to close

the factory

It was careless to leave the door unlocked

My office is comfortable, but it is not very

stylish

Who is responsible for this delay? A quick

response to this emergency is critical

Adjectives Used for describing nouns Adjectives come

before nouns, but after the verb to be

Common endings include -ful, -ly, -ive, -ous,

-ing, -ic, -icai, -less, -able, -ish, -ible, -al

They all worked quickly to finish the job

on time

Donald carefully- packed the shipment of

glasses

We all felt slightly disappointed that we

did not win the competition

Thank you for working so hard You have

done very well

The new trainees listened enthusiastically

to the Chairman's welcome speech

Adverbs Used for describing verbs or adjectives

Adverbs usually end in -ly or -ally

MINI TEST Word Forms

Choose the most appropriate answer: (A), (B), (C), or (D), to complete each sentence

1 I feel I must … the risks involved in this dangerous experiment

Words with Similar Meanings

Some questions test your knowledge of vocabulary by focusing on words that have the same or similar meanings Study these examples

We had no option/choice/alternative

but to close the company

Words that have the same meaning are

called synonyms They can often be used

interchangeably

Of the many candidates for the position,

Mr Nielson is our first choice

We need to keep our options open

before making a decision

Reducing wages was suggested as an

alternative to cutting jobs

However, the exact meaning and the structure of the sentence may affect which words are possible

Can you see that blue file on the shelf

over there?

The inspector came to observe

operations in the factory

Don't look now but the Chairman is

walking this way

We are going to watch a new training

video this afternoon

Words with similar meanings are often

used in different ways

Common words with similar meanings

Here are some groups of common words you need to be familiar with Go online to

www.pass-the-toeic-test.com to review the difference in their use and meaning

MINI TEST Words with Similar Meanings

Choose the most appropriate answer: (A), (B), (C) or (D), to complete each sentence

1 We are not buying from Office Supplies, Inc anymore as they … too much for our stationery

3 Mr Chung is the kind of person who always … what he thinks

10 This government is working hard to … a successful economic strategy to fight the recession

The chairman usually keeps tight control

on all the senior staff

Mr Callum has made a significant

contribution to our business

Thank you for this wonderful

opportunity to speak to you all tonight

The boss wants to see you for a brief

chat in his office

Adjective + noun collocation

various factors/issues/ways/problems special attention/features/significance/ needs

spare tire/time/moment/parts/key

It is highly unlikely that oil prices will

fall next year

Our new products have all been

We all need to try hard if we are to

succeed Profits will increase

significantly once the new machinery is

in operation

Verb + adverb collocation

speak fluently/slowly/at length write clearly/concisely/legibly work diligently/tirelessly/hard

Verb + noun collocations

achieve success/your goals/an aim

catch a cold/a cab

do your best/harm/some work/an experiment/damage/a report/research earn money/a salary/wages

gain control/independence/weight

get a promotion/a raise

give advice/someone a hand

go to a meeting/abroad/on vacation

have an accident/fun/a problem/a party/difficulty/a chat/a discussion

hold a meeting/a ceremony

keep a secret/trying/an appointment/a record

make arrangements/progress/a profit/a mistake/an effort/a decision/an excuse

overcome difficulties/a problem

win a prize/an award/an election/a match/a game

work from home/overtime/full-time/for a big company/at a computer

MINI TEST Word Choice

Choose the most appropriate answer: (A), (B), (C), or (D), to complete each sentence

1 All of our staff are … qualified and experienced

5 Do you mind if I give you some useful … ?

Prepositions - Time and Place

Prepositions of time and place are common in the TOEIC test Understanding how they

are used is important Study these examples

We will meet at 10:00 A.M in the Study

Center

I will see you on Monday

The conference starts on March 3rd

You cannot go to work on your birthday!

The merger will take place in April of next

year

See you in twenty minutes

Do you think you will finish this by

Friday?

I will not be able to get away until

eight Stacy will be away for a week

I fell asleep during the presentation

He has not been home since last weekend

Your next shift is from three to seven

during within a period of time (during the summer, during the 1990s)

since a point of time {since 2011, since we last met, since 9:00 A M )

from to (from time to time)

Our offices are at 34 South Street

Let's meet at the Metropolitan Hotel

Sue is sick, so she is staying at home today

They are waiting for you in the boardroom

Our headquarters is in Philadelphia

I put the report on your desk The printer is

by the fax machine

We are traveling from New York to Boston

from … to place to place

MINI TEST Prepositions - Time and Place

Choose the most appropriate answer: (A), (B), (C), or (D), to complete each sentence

1 Mr McGrath is waiting for you … his office

Words that Look Alike

Some questions test your ability to choose between words that look similar Study these examples

Same prefix Words can look alike if they share the same prefix

mislead, misunderstand, misplace, mistake

Same suffix Words can look alike if they share the same suffix

subscription, description, resignation, innovation

Same root Words can look alike if they share the same root

vision, invisible, division, revision, supervise, visit

Similar spelling Some words may look alike because they are spelled in a similar

way

sale, scale, mail, trail

Adverbs Many adverbs look alike usually, evenly, strictly, fluently

Prefixes

The following prefixes mean "the opposite of"

dis- disagree, dissatisfied, dislike

in- inconvenient, inefficient, incorrect

un- unhealthy, uncomfortable, unnecessary

im- {before m and p) impossible, impractical, impatient

il- (before I) illegal, illegible

ir- (before r) irregular, irrational

Suffixes

Adjectives

-ful (full of) beautiful, helpful -less (without) hopeless, careless -able (able to) enjoyable, reasonable -ous (containing) dangerous, delicious -ive (having the quality of) offensive

Other prefixes have different meanings

anti- (against) anti-smoking, anti-war

mis- (badly or wrongly) misunderstand, misspell

multi- (having many) multi-purpose, multi-cultural

semi- (half or in part) semi-final, semi-circle

post- (after) post-war, postgraduate

co- (together) coworker

re- (again) retake, replay

MINI TEST Words that Look Alike

Choose the most appropriate answer: (A), (B), (C), or (D), to complete each sentence

1 A government source said high … was the cause of the current economic

Conjunctions

Conjunctions are words that connect parts of sentences Study these examples to understand the different kinds of conjunctions and their uses

Can you and Harriet work late tonight?

Both the Vice President and the C.E.O

will be attending the talk

We need someone who is not only well

qualified but also available immediately

Showing addition

and both and

not only but also (for emphasis)

We can go to the theater by bus or take a

cab

You can either sit here or by the window

Giving a choice

or either or

They do not accept cash, nor do they take

credit cards

Unfortunately, neither Paul nor Jason

knew how to use the data projector

Excluding alternatives

nor

neither nor

I would like to join you for lunch, but I

need to finish this report

Samuel enjoys his job, even though it is

not very well paid

Profits were up, although they were still

below last year's high

In spite of the hot weather, sales of ice

cream fell last August

They continued working despite feeling

very tired

Showing contrast

but

even though although/though

in spite of

despite

Since it is sunny, let's walk to the store

instead of driving

Mr Watanabe has an interpreter because

he cannot speak English

We won the award because of our

commitment to customer service

The flight was canceled due to heavy fog

Giving reasons

since because/as because of

due to

You have worked here for two years, so you

have earned an extra day's vacation

Showing results

so/therefore

(in order) to

Send this mail now so that it arrives on

time We studied hard in order to pass the

exam

Stating a purpose

so (that)

(in order) to

I do not know whether they will place an

order or not You will lose your job unless

Showing a condition

whether or/if or

you start working harder unless

Please give me a call as soon as you get this

message

Emphasizing urgency

as soon as/immediately

MINI TEST Conjunctions

Choose the most appropriate answer: (A), (B), (C), or (D), to complete each sentence

1 I cannot believe that neither the phone … the fax machine is working

Phrasal Verbs

A phrasal verb is a verb followed by a preposition or adverb that changes its meaning

Sometimes the meaning is clear (e.g., Please take off your jacket) However, usually it is

not possible to guess the meaning Study these examples of common two-part phrasal verbs

A new photocopier should not break

Neil and Gary do not get along

We have enough savings to get by until

you find a new job

It is a hard project, but we cannot give up

now

These problems will hold up production

for months

Do not stop yet Please keep on working

Mr Chen will look into the issue

Do not put back that file yet I need it

We will have to put off the meeting until

have a good relationship survive

stop delay

continue investigate

be careful read quickly

replace postpone meet someone by chance explain

arrive accept refuse understand

mean

MINI TEST Phrasal Verbs

Choose the most appropriate answer: (A), (B), (C) or (D), to complete each sentence

1 If you … walking along this street, you will find the bank on the left

(A) give out

3 This is urgent, so we cannot … making a decision

(A) put off

5 Please … the money you took from the cash register

(A) put back

(B) look out

(C) call off

(D) take over

6 Did you manage to … how to use the new fax machine?

(A) pick out

(B) work out

(C) hand out

(D) get out

7 The flight was … by bad weather at Denver airport

(A) called for

(B) checked into