Bài giảng quản trị xuyên văn hóa cross cultural

CROSS-CULTURE COMMUNICATION “The reasonable person adapts himself to the world, while the unreasonable one persists in trying to adapt the world to himself” What is a culture? • Culture is the "lens" through which you view the world • It is central to what you see, • How you make sense of what you see, • How you express yourself "Culture is the arts elevated to a set of beliefs." – Tom Wolfe Four Fundamental Patterns of Cultural Difference What is different? Communication Styles Attitudes toward conflicts Decision making style Approaches to knowing What is hidden below the surface? Beliefs Values Expectations Attitudes COMMUNICATON Communication is the sending of a message from a source to a receiver with the least possible loss of meaning THE COMMUNICATION PROCESS The speaker sends a message that is in some kind of code The listener decodes the message and responds, thereby giving the speaker feedback What is effective communication? • The Art, Science and Practice Effective Speaking Understanding people’s perception Effective listening CODES USED IN COMMUNICATION Verbal Communication  Words  Voice Non-Verbal Communication  Gestures  Postures  Facial Expressions  Eye Contact  Vocal Characteristics  Personal Appearance  Touch Cross Culture Communication Intercultural Communication is the process of sending and receiving messages between people whose cultural background could lead them to interpret verbal and non-verbal signs differently Why Cross Culture Communication is important ? Globalization: Cross border movement of people, goods and data brings more and more cultures into contact with one another and increases the potential of cross culture communication ◦ ◦ ◦ Business Opportunities Job Opportunities Improves the contribution of employees in a diverse workforce ◦ Sharing of views and ideas ◦ Talent improvisation ◦ An understanding of diverse market Verbal Communication Differences 1.Words 2.Voice High Context and Low Context Cultures High Context Culture:- Cultures that rely heavily on nonverbal and subtle situational cues in communication Low Context Culture:- Cultures that rely heavily on words to convey meaning in communication Skills To Overcome Differences • Connecting with people Things To Remember While Interacting And Connecting With People Business Attire Selecting and Presenting Business Gifts • Unwrapping gifts: Saudi Arabia - Gifts are opened in private USA - Gifts are opened in public •Appreciated Gifts Indonesia - Gifts, such as tokens memento of your country or your company logo Turkey - Wine or liquor if you are sure your hosts drink alcohol, Candy, pastries & Roses, Glassware, such as a vase, goblet, or decanter make prized gifts • Gifts to avoid UAE - Alcohol / perfumes containing alcohol and pork and pigskin products to be avoided China - Do not give anything in sets of four or gifts that carry the association of death, funerals such as clocks, cut flowers, white objects How you it? • The handshake should be firm • While shaking hands establish eye contact and always smile • The person who initiates the handshake is the one who closes it Improving Cross Culture Communication Welcome Topics & Topics to Avoid during Conversation • Welcome Topics of Conversation: Indonesia: Family, travel/tourism, sports, praising the local cuisine, future plans and success of the group or organization Germany: Sports particularly soccer, tennis, current events, politics, among those who imbibe, beer is often a good topic of conversation •Topics to Avoid: Indonesia: Politics, corruption, criticism of Indonesian ways, commenting on Indonesian customs that you find peculiar, religion Saudi Arabia: Middle Eastern politics and International oil politics, Israel, criticizing or questioning Islamic beliefs, women/ inquiries or complimentary remarks about the female family members of your Saudi associates South Korea: Korean politics/local politics, The Korean War, Socialism and Communism, Japan and your contacts in Japan, your host's wife, Personal family matters Germany: World War II, personal questions, TEN Pre-cautions in Cultural Communication 10 Slow Down Separate Questions Avoid Negative Questions Take Turns Write it down Be Supportive Check Meanings Avoid Slangs Watch the humour Maintain Etiquette Business in Today’s Scenario is not a “National Match” but is a “Olympics”, where there are International Players Only that Individual / Company can survive which has done its homework well & developed its uniqueness Faster Rapport Building Success Success Rate Rate will will Increase Increase ... Characteristics  Personal Appearance  Touch Cross Culture Communication Intercultural Communication is the process of sending and receiving messages between people whose cultural background could lead them... lead them to interpret verbal and non-verbal signs differently Why Cross Culture Communication is important ? Globalization: Cross border movement of people, goods and data brings more and more... are nonverbal." 4 .Cultural Blindness: Differences are ignored and one proceeds as though differences did not exist; e.g., "there's no need to worry about a person's culture 5 .Cultural Imposition: