Kinh Pháp Cú (Dhammapada)

KINH PHP C (DHAMMAPADA) & Tranh minh a ng: Vit - Anh - Phỏp - c Multilingual: Vietnamese, English, French, German Multilingue: Vietnamien, Anglais, Franỗais, Allemand Mehrsprachig: Vietnamesisch, Englisch, Franzửsisch, Deutsch Dch Vit: Hũa thng Thớch Thin Siờu, 1959, 1998 Bn dch Anh ng: Hũa thng NARADA, Colombo, Sri Lanka, 1963, 1971 TNH MINH dch Vit / th k - Si Gũn, PL 2539 - TL 1995 Su v hiu ớnh: Nguyờn nh, Mựa Pht n PL.2550- 2006; b sung, Mựa Vu Lan PL.2555- 2011 Readable at weblink: http://www.flipsnack.com/flips/cd5a89ae16397900e58e85571q209578 MC LC Li cỏc dch gi Bn dch ngha Vit - HT Thớch Thin Siờu tr - 37 Bn dch Vit th k - Tnh Minh tr 39 - 41 Bn a ng tr 43 - 465 www.phatgiaodaichung.com * www.phatgiaodaichung.net * www.phatgiaodaichung.com 01 - Phm Song Yu - Twin Verses (01-20) 02 - Phm Tinh Cn - Heedfulness ((21-32) 03 - Phm Tõm í - The Mind (33-43) 04 - Phm Hoa Hng - Flowers (44-59) 05 - Phm Ngu Si - Fools (60-75) 06 - Phm Hin Trớ - The wise (76-89) 07 - Phm A La Hỏn - The Worthy (90-99) 08 - Phm Muụn Ngn - Thousands (100-115) 09 - Phm c Hnh - Evil (116-128) 10 - Phm Hỡnh Pht - The Rod or Punishment (129-145) 11 - Phm Gi Yu - Old Age (146-156) 12 - Phm T Ngó - The Self (157-166) 13 - Phm Th Gian - The world (167-178) 14 - Phm Pht é - The Enlightened One (179-196) 15 - Phm An Lc - Happiness (197-208) 16 - Phm H i - Affection (209-220) 17 - Phm Phn N - Anger (221-234) 18 - Phm Cu U - Impurities or Taints (235-255) 19 - Phm Phỏp Tr - The Righteous (256-272) 20 - Phm Chỏnh éo - The way or the Path (273-289) 21 - Phm Tp Lc - Miscellaneous (290-305) 22 - Phm éa Ngc - Hell or Woeful state (306-319) 23 - Phm Voi Rng - The Elephant (320-333) 24 - Phm Tham i - Craving (334-359) 25 - Phm T Kheo - The Bhikkhu (360-382) 26 - Phm B La Mụn - The Brahmana (383-423) Version franỗaise, Link Page 466 Deutsche Fassung, Link Seite 466 Wikipedia about Dhammapada Page 467 Other translations, Links Page 476 Readable at weblink: http://www.flipsnack.com/flips/cd5a89ae16397900e58e85571q209578 0O0 www.phatgiaodaichung.com * www.phatgiaodaichung.net * www.phatgiaodaichung.com LI PHT DY (Phỏp cỳ Dhammapada) THCH THIN SIấU dch Li dch gi KINH PHP C l cun Kinh chn lc nhng li dy ca c Pht Thớch Ca Mõu Ni cũn ti th Sut 45 nm thuyt phỏp, c Pht ó núi rt nhiu Phỏp ng, bao gm ngha lý thõm thit ci m nghip kh cho chỳng sanh m a h n Nit bn an lc Nhng giỏo phỏp y, ba thỏng sau Pht dit , cỏc v Cao ó hi hp kt thnh Tam tng truyn li cho hu th noi theo ng thi, nhng cõu dy ngn gn y ý ngha ca Pht ba trm trng hp giỏo húa khỏc nhau, cng c kt thnh kinh Phỏp cỳ ny v lu truyn mói cho n ngy Thng thng chỳng ta thy bỏo chớ, sỏch v ca cỏc nh nghiờn cu Pht hc hay trớch dn nhng cõu núi ngn gn nhng rt cú giỏ tr ca c Pht, l phn nhiu Kinh ny m Cun Kinh ny gm 26 Phm, 423 cõu (bi k), l cun th hai 15 cun thuc Kinh Tiu B (Khuddaka-Nikaya) Kinh tng Pali v ó c dch nhiu th ting Chõu v u M Theo ch chỳng tụi c bit, cú bn ch Anh ca Giỏo s C.R Lanman, i hc ng Havard ti M quc xut bn ; bn ch Nht ca Phc o Trc t lang, xut bn ti Nht, v cỏc bn Hỏn dch rt c vi danh Phỏp cỳ kinh, Phỏp yu tng v.v Xa cỏc nc Pht giỏo Nam truyn nh Tớch Lan, Min in v.v u c bit tụn b Kinh ny lm b Kinh nht tng quý bỏu ; hng Tng gii ớt khụng bit, khụng thuc, khụng hnh trỡ, v hng C s cng ly ú phng hnh sng mt i sng an lnh khit Riờng ti Vit Nam, lõu thy cú trớch dn, nhng cha dch ht ton b Nay nhõn dp may, tụi gp c bn kinh Phỏp cỳ Phỏp s Liu Tham va dch t nguyờn bn Pali Hỏn vn, vi s tham kho chỳ thớch rch rũi, cú th giỳp chỳng ta c nh c thng bn Pali, nờn tụi kớnh cn dch gúp vo kho Pht kinh ting Vit, m chỳng ta hy vng mt ngy no ú s c thc hin y Gn õy Ho Thng Thớch Minh Chõu cng ó dch ton kinh Phỏp cỳ t bn Pali v in song song c hai th ch Vit - Pali, to thun li rt nhiu cho vic hc hi thờm chớnh xỏc v sõu sc hn i vi li Pht dy c xong kinh Phỏp cỳ, c gi s thy ú gm nhng li dy v trit lý cho c hai gii xut gia v ti gia Nhng li dy cho hng xut gia tt nhiờn khụng bao hm ti gia, nhng nhng li dy cho hng ti gia ng nhiờn trựm c hng xut gia Do ú dự hng no, c cun kinh ny, cng thu thp c nhiu ớch li cao Tụi tin rng nhng li dy gin d m thõm thỳy kinh Phỏp cỳ cú th lm cho chỳng ta mi c n thy mt nim siờu thoỏt lõng lõng trn ngp tõm hn, v nhng c tớnh t bi h x, bỡnh tnh, lc quan lờn ta rng gia nhng ngang trỏi, hp hũi, kh au, iờn o ca cuc th vụ thng Bn dch ny tụi ó xut bn ln u tiờn nm 1959 (*) v sau ú ó nhiu ln tỏi bn Nay, li cú thin duyờn, bn dch ny c tỏi bn phỏp bo lu thụng rng rói www.phatgiaodaichung.com * www.phatgiaodaichung.net * www.phatgiaodaichung.com Pht Lch 2542-1998 Ngy Pht Thnh o THCH THIN SIấU (*) vi phỏp t Trớ c I PHM SONG YU (1) (YAMAKAVAGGO) Trong cỏc phỏp (2) , tõm dn u, tõm lm ch, tõm to tỏc Nu núi hoc lm vi tõm ụ nhim, s kh s theo nghip kộo n nh bỏnh xe ln theo chõn vt kộo(3) Trong cỏc phỏp, tõm dn u, tõm lm ch, tõm to tỏc Nu núi hoc lm vi tõm tnh, s vui s theo nghip kộo n nh búng theo hỡnh Nú lng m tụi, ỏnh p tụi, phỏ hoi tụi, cp ot tụi, cũn ụm p tõm nim y, thỡ s oỏn hn khụng th dt Nú lng m tụi, ỏnh p tụi, phỏ hoi tụi, cp ot tụi, b c tõm nim y, thỡ s oỏn hn t dt th gian ny, chng phi hn thự tr c hn thự, ch cú t bi tr c hn thự ú l nh lut ngn thu (4) Ngi (5) khụng hiu rng : Chỳng ta sp b hy dit (6) (mi phớ sc tranh lun hn thua) Nu h hiu rừ iu ú thỡ chng cũn tranh lun na Ngi ch mun sng khoỏi lc(7), khụng nhip h cỏc cn, n ung vụ , bing nhỏc chng tinh cn, ngi y tht d b ma (8) nhip phc, nh cnh mm trc cn giú lc Ngi nguyn cnh chng khoỏi lc (9) , khộo nhip h cỏc cn, n ung tit , vng tin v siờng nng, ma khụng d gỡ thng h, nh giú thi nỳi ỏ Mc ỏo c sa m khụng ri b cu u (10) , khụng thnh tht khc k, th chng mc cũn hn 10 Ri b cỏc cu u, khộo gi gỡn gii lut, khc k v chõn thnh, ngi nh th ỏng mc ao c sa 11 Phi chn(11) tng l chõn tht, chn tht (12) li thy l phi chn, c t mt cỏch t vy, ngi nh th khụng th t n chõn tht 12 Chn tht ngh l chn tht, phi chn bit l phi chn, c t mt cỏch ỳng n, ngi nh th mau t n chõn tht 13 Nh lp khụng kớn t b ma dt ; cng vy, ngi tõm khụng khộo tu t b tham dc lt vo 14 Nh khộo lp kớn t khụng b ma dt ; cng vy, ngi tõm khộo tu t khụng b tham dc lt vo 15 i ny ch ny bun, cht ri ch khỏc bun, k lm iu ỏc nghip, c hai ni u lo bun , vỡ thy ỏc nghip mỡnh gõy ra, k sinh bun than kh nóo 16 i ny ch ny vui, cht ri ch khỏc vui, k lm iu thin nghip, c hai ni u vui, vỡ thy thin nghip mỡnh ó lm, k sinh an vui, cc vui www.phatgiaodaichung.com * www.phatgiaodaichung.net * www.phatgiaodaichung.com 17 i ny ch ny kh, cht ri ch khỏc kh, k gõy iu ỏc nghip, c hai ni u kh, bun rng ta ó to ỏc phi a vo ỏc thỳ kh hn(13) 18 i ny ch ny hoan h, cht ri ch khỏc hoan h, k tu hnh phc nghip, c hai ni u hoan h, mng rng ta ó to phc c sinh vo cừi lnh hoan h hn 19 Dự tng nhiu kinh m buụng lung khụng thc hnh thỡ chng c phn ớch li ca Sa mụn, khỏc no k chn bũ thuờ, lo m bũ cho ngi (14) 20 Tuy tng ớt kinh m thng y giỏo hnh trỡ, hiu bit chõn chỏnh, t b tham sõn, si, tõm hin lnh, tnh, gii thoỏt, xa b th dc, thỡ dự cừi ny hay cừi khỏc, ngi hng phn ớch li ca Sa mụn CH THCH 10 11 12 14 Nhng phỏp yu c din núi theo cỏch song i Phỏp tc l Dhamma õy ch v phỏp bt thin, cõu th hai ch v phỏp thin Nguyờn : Cakkam va vahato padam, nờn dch l : Nh bỏnh xe ln theo chõn thỳ kộo xe Nguyờn : Sanantano, cú ngha l i xa C phỏp (Sanantano Dhamma, hoc Paranako Dham-ma) tc ch cho tt c phỏp tc vnh cu bt dch m ch Pht v t quỏ kh ó gỡn gi v truyn dy Ch ngi tranh lun Nhõn Pht K lõm, i vi cỏc v T kheo a tranh lun ti Cõu sanh bỡ (Kosambi)ự m núi kinh ny, nờn cú s xng hụ ú Nguyờn : Mayametthayamamasa, ý núi thng thỡ chỳng ta sp b dit vong vỡ lut vụ thng T cho thõn mỡnh sch ri m a hoi Ma vng (Ma ra) õy ch tỡnh dc Chng khoỏi lc (asubha) ch phộp bt tnh quỏn, nh quỏn thõn vi 32 iu bt tnh v.v Ch tham dc v.v Nh bn th t c l ỏo, cm, thuc ung, nh v mi th t kin v.v Nh gii, nh, hu v chỏnh kin v.v 13 Do to ỏc nghip m a n s bi i ny gi l Bun tụi ó to ỏc Nhng m ni bi ny cũn cú hn ch tng lai a vo ỏc o th bỏo lõu di, cỏi kh ny mi vụ cựng K chn bũ thuờ c sỏng sm dt bũ ng, ti li lựa bũ v chung giao cho ch, ngy ngy ch m bũ m i ly ớt tin cụng, cũn sa, lc, sanh tụ, h ca bũ thỡ khụng hng c Tng kinh m khụng tu hnh theo kinh thỡ chng hng c li ớch ca kinh, ca k tu hnh II PHM KHễNG BUễNG LUNG (APPAMADAVAGGO) 21 Khụng buụng lung a ti cừi bt t (15) , buụng lung a ti cừi t vong, ngi khụng buụng lung thỡ khụng cht, k buụng lung thỡ sng nh thõy ma (16) 22 K trớ bit chc iu y(17) nờn gng lm theo s khụng buụng lung Khụng buụng lung thỡ ng an vui cỏc cừi thỏnh(18) 23 Nh kiờn nhn, dừng mónh tu thin nh(19) , k trớ c gii thoỏt an n, chng nhp vụ thng Nit bn 24 Khụng buụng lung, c gng, hng hỏi, chỏnh nim, khc k theo tnh hnh, sinh hot ỳng nh phỏp, thỡ ting lnh cng tng trng www.phatgiaodaichung.com * www.phatgiaodaichung.net * www.phatgiaodaichung.com 25 Bng s c gng, hng hỏi, khụng buụng lung, t khc ch ly mỡnh, k trớ t to cho mỡnh hũn o(20) chng cũn ngn thy triu (21) no nhn chỡm c 26 Ngi ỏm n ngu si m chỡm buụng lung, nhng k trớ li chm gi tõm khụng buụng lung, nh ngi giu chm gi ca bỏu 27 Ch m chỡm theo buụng lung, ch mờ say dc lc ; hóy tnh giỏc tu thin, mi mong ng i an lc 28 Nh tr ht buụng lung, k trớ khụng cũn lo s gỡ Bc thỏnh hin bc lờn lu trớ tu, nhỡn thy k ngu si cũn nhiu lo s, nh c lờn nỳi cao, cỳi nhỡn muụn vt trờn mt t 29 Tinh tn gia ỏm ngi buụng lung, tnh tỏo gia ỏm ngi mờ ng, k trớ nh tun mó thng tin, b li sau nga gy hốn 30 Nh khụng buụng lung, Ma gi (22) c lm ch ch thiờn Khụng buụng lung c ngui khen ngi, buụng lung b ngi khinh chờ 31 T kheo thng a khụng buụng lung, hoc s thy s buụng lung, ta vớ h nh ngn la hng t thiờu tt c kit s (23) ln nh 32 T kheo no thng a khụng buụng lung, hoc s thy s buụng lung, ta bit h gn ti Nit bn, nht nh khụng b a lc d dng nh trc CH THCH 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 Nit bn (Nibbna) Bi vỡ ngi khụng buụng lung thỡ c chng nhp Nit bn v khụng cũn luõn hi sanh t tip ni na Cũn ngi buụng lung sng m nh thõy cht, khụng bit hng thin, n lc lm lnh Bi ny tip bi trờn, khuyờn ng nờn phúng dt m gng chuyờn cn Cnh gii ca ch Pht, Bớch chi v A la hỏn Mun chng ng Nit bn thỡ phi tr ỏch : dc ỏch (Kamayogo s tham dc), hu ỏch (Bha -vayogo mờ chp ba cừi), kin ỏch (Ditthiyogo iu t kin, ỏc kin), vụ minh ỏch (Avijjayogo s mờ m) Nh cừi t cao cú th trỏnh thy tai K trớ chng c A la hỏn thỡ khụng cũn b phin nóo quy nhiu, nhn chỡm Cỏc phin nóo tham, sõn, si buc rng v sai s chỳng sanh vũng ba cừi Ma gi (Maghav) tờn khỏc ca tri Thớch (Sarka) cha phỳc bỏo lm tri, Thớch nhõn gian tờn l Ma gi, nh cụng c siờng nng quột tc sch s m c lm ch cừi ch Thiờn Kit s (Samyojana) tc l phin nóo (Kilesa) danh t chuyờn mụn nh Pht III PHM TM (CITTAVAGGO) 33 Tõm k phm phu thng dao ng ht hong khú ch phc, nhng k trớ ch phc tõm lm cho chớnh trc d dng, nh th khộo un nn mi tờn 34 Nh cỏ b qung lờn b, s st vựng vy th no, thỡ cng nh th, cỏc ngi hóy em tõm lo s, phn u mau thoỏt cnh gii ỏc ma 35 Tõm phm phu c xoay theo ng dc, dao ng khụng d nm bt Ch nhng ngi no ó iu phc c tõm mỡnh mi c yờn vui www.phatgiaodaichung.com * www.phatgiaodaichung.net * www.phatgiaodaichung.com 36 Tõm phm phu c xoay theo ng dc, bin húa u n khú thy, nhng ngi trớ li phũng h tõm mỡnh, v c yờn vui nh tõm phũng h y 37 Tõm phm phu c lộn lỳt i mt mỡnh, rt xa, vụ hỡnh vụ dng, nh n nỏu hang sõu (24) ; iu phc c tõm, thỡ gii thoỏt vũng ma trúi buc 38 Ngi tõm khụng an nh, khụng hiu bit Chỏnh phỏp, lũng tin khụng kiờn c, thỡ trớ tu khú thnh 39 Ngi tõm ó tnh, khụng cũn cỏc hoc lon, vt trờn thin v ỏc (25) , l ngi giỏc ng chng s hói 40 Hóy bit thõn ny mong manh nh gm, giam gi tõm ngi nh thnh quỏch, ngi hóy ỏnh dp ma quõn vi hu kim v gi phn thng li (26) , ch sanh tõm m trc (27) 41 Thõn ny tht khụng bao lõu s ng mt gic di di ba thc t, vụ ý thc, b vt b nh khỳc cõy vụ dng (28) 42 Cỏi hi ca k thự gõy cho k thự hay oan gia i vi oan gia, khụng bng cỏi hi ca tõm nim hng v hnh t ỏc (29) gõy cho mỡnh 43 Chng phi cha m hay b no ht, nhng chớnh tõm nim hng v hnh vi chỏnh thin (3 ) lm cho mỡnh cao thng hn CH THCH 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 My cõu ny u hỡnh dung cỏi tõm Khi chng c A la hỏn thỡ vụ lu thin nghip viờn món, hu lu ỏc nghip v hu lu thin nghip ó ht ri, khụng cũn to nghip mi na, v o qu viờn m thng lm nhng vic li tha mt cỏch t nhiờn Kt qu thng li l ch cú cnh gii Thin nh c tin b Khụng nờn nhim trc vo Thin cnh ó chng c, phi n lc cu tin mói Pht giỏo cỏc nc Pht giỏo nam phng mi lõm chung cú l thnh ch Tng n cỳng dng lm phc ln chút Ch Tng lin tng bi bi k ny ba bin em tõm hng v 10 hnh ỏc (Akusala) : sỏt sinh (Panatipato), thõu o (Adinnadanam), t dõm (Kamesumicchacara), vng ng (Musavado), lng thit (Pisunavaca), thụ ỏc ng (Pharusava-ca), ng (samphap palapo), tham (abhijjha), sõn (Viyapado), t kin (Micchadithi) em tõm hng v 10 hnh lnh (Kusala) : cỳng dng (Danam), trỡ gii (Silam), tu thin nh (Bhavana), tụn kớnh (Apacaijannam), tỏc s ( Vey-yavaccam), hi hng cụng c (Pattidacam), tựy h cụng c (Pattanumodana), thớnh phỏp (Dham-musavanam), thuyt phỏp (Dhammadesana), chỏnh kin (Dithujjukamman) IV PHM HOA (31) (PUPHAVAGGO) a gii(33) , diờm ma gii(34) , thiờn gii(35) , v khộo ging Phỏp nh ngi th khộo (37) nht hoa lm trng ? 44 Ai chinh phc cỳ (36) (32) 45 Bc hu hc (38) chinh phc a gii, diờm ma gii, thiờn gii v khộo ging Phỏp cỳ nh ngi th khộo nht hoa lm trng (39) www.phatgiaodaichung.com * www.phatgiaodaichung.net * www.phatgiaodaichung.com 46 Nờn bit thõn ny l phỏp huyn húa nh bt ni, b góy mi tờn cỏm d ca ma quõn(40) m thoỏt ngoi vũng dũm ngú ca t thn 47 Nh nc l cun phng nhng xúm lng say ng (41) , t thn s lụi phng i nhng ngi sinh tõm ỏi trc nhng bụng hoa dc lc mỡnh va gúp nht c 48 C sinh tõm ỏi trc, tham luyn mói nhng bụng hoa (42) dc lc m mỡnh va gúp nht c, ú chớnh l c hi tt cho t thn lụi i 49 Hng Sa mụn (Mõu ni) (43) i vo xúm lng kht thc, vớ nh ong i kim hoa, ch ly mt ri i ch khụng lm tn thng v hng sc 50 Ch nờn dũm ngú li ngi, ch nờn coi h ó lm hay khụng lm (44) ; ch nờn ngú li hnh ng ca mỡnh, coi ó lm c gỡ hay cha lm c gỡ 51 Nh th hoa p ch phụ trng mu sc m chng cú hng thm, nhng ngi ch bit núi iu lnh m khụng lm iu lnh thỡ chng em li li ớch 52 Nh th hoa ti p va cú mu sc li cú hng thm, nhng ngi núi iu lnh v lm iu lnh s em li kt qu tt 53 Nh t ng hoa cú th lm nờn nhiu trng hoa ; nh vy, t ni thõn ngi cú th to nờn nhiu vic thin 54 Hng ca cỏc loi hoa chiờn n, a gi la hay mt l(45) u khụng th bay ngc giú, ch cú mựi hng c hnh ca ngi chõn chớnh, ngc giú bay khp muụn phng 55 Hng chiờn n, hng a gi la, hng bt tt k(46) , hng sen xanh, tt c th hng ch th hng c hnh hn c 56 Hng chiờn n, hng a gi la u l th hng vi diu nhng khụng bng th hng c hnh xụng ngỏt tn ch thiờn 57 Ngi no thnh tu cỏc gii hnh, hng ngy chng buụng lung, an tr chớnh trớ v gii thoỏt, thỡ ỏc ma khụng th dũm ngú c 58-59 Nh t ng bựn nh vt b trờn ng ln sinh hoa sen khit ngt ngo, lm p ý mi ngi ; cng th, ch t ni chn phm phu ngu mui mi sn sanh nhng v t bc Chỏnh giỏc, em trớ tu soi sỏng th gian CH THCH 31 32 33 34 35 36 Ngi Ngụ Chi Khiờm dch l Phm Vng Hoa Chinh phc (Vijessati), l theo Pali nguyờn chỳ Bn chỳ thớch kinh Phỏp cỳ rt xa v y chi tit bng bn Pali ca Ngi Buddahaghosa, cn bn ca cỏc li chỳ thớch sau ny Bn E.W.Burlinghame dch Anh loi sỏch Harvard Oriental serie l hiu xỏc tht Bn Min in chộp l vicessati, thỡ nờn dch l chn tỡm hoc dũ xột a gii (Pathavi) l ch t k hay t thõn (Atta-bhava) Bn Dhammapada Anh ca i c Narada dch, trang 8, cú chỳ thớch rng : This is one who will understand this self as if really is cõu ny cú ngha nh tht t bit rừ mỡnh Diờm ma gii (Yamalok), theo nguyờn chỳ thỡ bao quỏt c gii (Catudbhidam apayalokan ca) : a ngc, ng qu, sỳc sanh v a tu la (Asura) Bn chỳ thớch bng Anh ca Ngi Narada núi : The fourwoeful states, viz : Hell (a ngc), Animal kingdom (sỳc sanh), Peta realm (ng qu) and the Asura realm(A tu la) Thiờn gii (Sadevakam), theo nguyờn chỳ thỡ bao quỏt cừi tri dc gii v nhõn gii (Imamsade- Vakanit mannussalokanca) Ngi Narada chỳ : Namely the world of human beings and the six celestial realms Phỏp cỳ (Dhammapada tc l phỏp tớch, phỏp, nh ba mi by o phm (Bodhipakkhikadham-ma) v.v www.phatgiaodaichung.com * www.phatgiaodaichung.net * www.phatgiaodaichung.com 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 Th khộo l th lm trng hoa, vớ d cho ngi khộo ging núi Phỏp cỳ, cú lp lang, khụng ln xn, nh th xõu hoa vy Hu hc (Sekha) tc l cỏc v chng s qu Tu hon (Sotapattiphala), nh qu T hm (Sakadagamiphala), tam qu A na hm (Anagam-phala), v s qu hng, nh qu hng, tam qu hng, t qu hng, vỡ nhng v ny cũn phi hc gii, nh, hu n chng t qu A la hỏn mi c gi l Vụ hc (Asekha) Bi tng trờn l hi, bi ny ỏp S d hoc ca dc cnh Nhng ngi ang say ng xúm lng gia ờm khuya, b nc l cun i m khụng hay bit gỡ Ngi mờ mit dc lc cng vy Cnh dc lc Mõu ni (Muni) cú ngha l ngi trm lng, nhõn t, trớ tu, thỏnh gi, õy ch hng Sa mụn kht thc Nguyờn ca cõu ny l Naparesam kataka-tam dch thng l Chng nờn dũm ngú ngi khỏc lm hay khụng lm Chiờn n na (Candana) a gia la (tagara), tờn hai th cõy thm, Mt l ca (Malika) l mt th hoa nh thm mc tựm lum nh giõy bỡm Bt tt k (Vassiky) l v quý hoa V PHM NGU (BALAVAGGO) 60 ờm rt di vi ngi mt ng, ng rt xa vi k l hnh mi mt Cng th, dũng luõn hi(47) s tip ni mói vi k ngu si khụng minh t Chỏnh phỏp 61 Khụng gp k hn mỡnh cng khụng gp k ngang mỡnh kt bn, th quyt mt mỡnh cũn hn kt bn vi ngi ngu 62 õy l ta, õy l ti sn ca ta, k phm phu thng lo ngh nh th, nhng chng bit chớnh ta cũn khụng cú, l ta hay l ti sn ta 63 Ngu m t bit mỡnh ngu tc l trớ, ngu m xng rng trớ chớnh ú mi tht l ngu 64 Ngi ngu sut i gn gi ngũi trớ, chng hiu gỡ Chỏnh phỏp, vớ nh cỏi mung mỳc thuc chng bao gi bit c mựi v thuc 65 Ngi trớ gn gi vi ngi trớ khong khc cng hiu c Chỏnh phỏp, chng khỏc gỡ cỏi li mi tip xỳc vi thuc ó bit c mựi v ca thuc 66 K phm phu khụng giỏc tri nờn i chung vi cu ch mt ng Cng th, nhng ngi to ỏc nghip nht nh phi cựng ỏc nghip chu kh bỏo 67 Ngi gõy iu bt thin, lm xong n nn, khúc lúc nh l dm d, vỡ bit mỡnh s th ly qu bỏo tng lai(48) 68 Ngi to cỏc nghip thin, lm xong chng n nn, cũn vui mng hn h, vỡ bit mỡnh s th ly qu bỏo tng lai (49) 69 Khi ỏc nghip cha thnh thc, ngi ngu tng nh ng mt ; nhng ỏc nghip ó thnh thc, h nht nh phi chu kh ng cay 70 T thỏng ny qua thỏng khỏc, vi mún n bng u ngn c cụ sa (c thm) (50) ngi ngu cú th ly n sng, nhng vic y khụng cú giỏ tr bng mt phn mi sỏu ca ngi t Chỏnh phỏp (51) www.phatgiaodaichung.com * www.phatgiaodaichung.net * www.phatgiaodaichung.com 71 Ngi ct sa bũ khụng ch sỏng chiu ó thnh v h (52) c Cng th, k phm phu to nghip ỏc chng cm th ỏc qu lin, nhng nghip lc õm thm theo h nh la ngỳn gia tro than 72 K phm phu lũng mun c tri thc m hnh ng li dn ti dit vong, nờn hnh phỳc b tn hi m trớ tu (53) cng tiờu tan 73 K ngu thng mun h danh : ch ngi cao Tng chỳng, vin ch Tng vin, mi ngi xin n cỳng dng 74 Hóy cho ngi Tng k tc ngh rng : S ny ta lm, mi vic ln nh u theo lnh ca ta K ngu c tng lm nh th nờn lũng tham lam ngo mn tng hoi 75 Mt ng a ti th gian, mt ng a ti Nit bn, hng T kheo t Pht hóy bit rừ nh th, ch nờn tham m th li chuyờn chỳ vo o gii thoỏt CH THCH 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 Luõn hi (samsara) ch s sanh t luõn chuyn mói khụng ngng Th qu bỏo lnh d tng lai tc l thõn d thc (vipaka) õy ch riờng ỏc qu õy ch thin qu Cụ sa (kusa) tờn c thm, nguyờn l Kusag-gena, tc l dựng u ngn c cụ sa Ngi t Chỏnh phỏp (Sankhata dhamman) l ngi thõm nhp Chỏnh phỏp, õy l ngi giỏc ng T Mun sa ụng c thnh h khụng phi mt ngy mt ờm m ụng c kp Trong Hỏn ch ny cng gi l u th, u nóo VI PHM HIN TR (54) (PANDITAVAGGO) 76 Nu gp c ngi hin trớ ch by lm li v khin trỏch mỡnh nhng ch bt ton, hóy nờn kt thõn cựng h, xem nh bc trớ thc ch cho kho tng bo vt Kt thõn vi ngi trớ lnh m khụng d 77 Nhng ngi khộo khuyờn rn dy d, can ngn ti li k khỏc, uc ngi lnh kớnh yờu bao nhiờu thỡ b ngi d ghột b by nhiờu 78 Ch nờn kt bn vi ngi ỏc, ch nờn kt bn vi ngi kộm hốn, hóy nờn kt bn vi ngi lnh, vi ngi khớ cao thng (55) 79 c ung nc Chỏnh phỏp thỡ tõm tnh an lc, nờn ngi trớ thng vui mng nghe thỏnh nhn(56) thuyt phỏp 80 Ngi ti nc lo dn nc, th lm cung tờn lo un cung tờn, th mc lo ny mc o cõy, cũn ngi trớ thỡ lo t iu phc ly mỡnh(57) www.phatgiaodaichung.com * www.phatgiaodaichung.net * www.phatgiaodaichung.com 422 - Le Sans peur, le noble, le hộros, le grand Sage, le Conquộrant, le Sans dộsir, l'ẫveillộ, lui, je l'appelle un Brahmane 422 Ein prọchtiger Bulle, Eroberer, Held, groòer Seher, frei von Bedỹrfnissen, erwacht, gewaschen: Ihn nenne ich einen Brahmanen PC423 423 Mõu ni (thanh tnh) bit i trc, Thy cừi Thiờn, cừi kh (ỏc thỳ), Dit tỏi sinh, ton thin, Thnh bc Vụ thng trớ, Bc thnh tu mi iu, Ta gi B la mụn That sage who knows his former abodes, who sees the blissful and the woeful states, who has reached the end of births, who, with superior wisdom, has perfected himself, who has completed (the holy life), and reached the end of all passions, - him I call a brahmana 423 423 Ai bit c kip trc, Thy thiờn gii ngc tự, éon sanh t luõn hi, Viờn thnh vụ thng trớ, Thnh tu bc o s, Ta gi B la mụn 423 - Le Sage qui connaợt ses anciennes demeures de ses vies antộrieures, qui voit les cieux et les enfers, qui a atteint la fin des naissances, qui avec une sagesse supộrieure s'est parfait luiwww.phatgiaodaichung.com * www.phatgiaodaichung.net * www.phatgiaodaichung.com mờme, qui a achevộ la vie sage, la consomption totale des passions, lui, je l'appelle un Brahmane 423 Jemand kennt seine frỹheren Leben, sieht Himmel und leidvolle Zustọnde, erlangte das Aufhửren von Geburt; Er ist ein Weiser, der Allwissenheit gemeistert hat, seine Meisterschaft vửllig gemeistert hat: Ihn nenne ich einen Brahmanen -ooOoo- www.phatgiaodaichung.com * www.phatgiaodaichung.net * www.phatgiaodaichung.com Version franỗaise: LE DHAMMAPADA Les Dits du Bouddha Traduit du põli par L'ANAGARIKA PRAJẹANANDA I-VERSETS CONJUGUES XIV-VERSETS SUR LE BOUDDHA II-VERSETS SUR LA VIGILANCE XV-VERSETS SUR LE BONHEUR III-VERSETS SUR LA PSYCHẫ XVI-VERSETS SUR LES AFFECTIONS IV-VERSET SUR LES FLEURS XVII-VERSETS SUR LA COLẩRE V-VERSETS SUR LES FOUS XVIII-VERSETS SUR LES IMPURETẫS VI-VERSETS SUR LE SAGE XIX-VERSETS SUR LE JUSTE VII-VERSETS SUR L'ARAHANT XX-VERSETS SUR LE SENTIER VIII-VERSES SUR LES MILLE XXI-VERSETS DIVERS IX-VERSETS SUR LE MAL XXII-VERSETS SUR LES ẫTATS MALHEUREUX X-VERSETS SUR LE CHTIMENT XXIII-VERSETS SUR L'ẫLẫPHANT XI-VERSETS SUR LA VIEILLESSE XXIV-VERSETS SUR LA SOIF XII-VERSETS SUR LE MOI XIII-VERSETS SUR LE MONDE XXV-VERSETS SUR LE BHIKKOU XXVI-VERSETS SUR LE BRAHMANE Deutsche Fassung: DHAMMAPADA Deutsche ĩbersetzung von Schenpen Sangmo Paare ( Verse 1-20 ) 14 Erwacht (179-196 ) Achtsamkeit ( 21-32 ) 15 Glỹcklich ( 179-196 ) Der Geist ( 33-43 ) 16 Liebgewonnenes ( 209-220 ) Blỹten ( 44-59 ) 17 rger ( 221-234 ) Narren ( 60-75 ) 18 Unreinheiten ( 235-255 ) Der Weise ( 76-89 ) 19 Der Richter ( 256-272 ) ARHATS ( 90-99 ) 20 Der Pfad ( 273-289 ) Tausende ( 100-115 ) 21 Verschiedenes ( 290-305 ) Das Schlechte ( 116-128 ) 22 Hửlle ( 306-319 ) 10 Die Rute ( 129-145 ) 23 Elefanten ( 320-333 ) 11 Das Altern ( 146-156 ) 24 Begierde ( 334-359 ) 12 Selbst ( 157-166 ) 13 Welten ( 167-178 ) 25 Mửnche ( 360-382 ) 26 Brahmanen ( 383-423 ) Source: Cỏc Bn Kinh Phỏp Cỳ Khỏc: Kinh Phỏp Cỳ, HT Thớch Minh Chõu Kinh Li Vng, Thi húa Dhammapada Sutta - T kheo Gii c Tớch Truyn Phỏp Cỳ, Thin Vin Viờn Chiu - Nguyờn Tỏc: "Buddhist Legends" Kinh Phỏp Cỳ (Thi húa), Tõm Minh Ngụ Tng Giao chuyn dch th www.phatgiaodaichung.com * www.phatgiaodaichung.net * www.phatgiaodaichung.com éc Phỏp Cỳ Nam Tụng, HT Thớch Trớ Quang http://www.budsas.org/uni/u-kinh-phapcu-ev/dhp_idx.htm http://www.accesstoinsight.org/canon/sutta/khuddaka/dhp/index.html http://perso.orange.fr/pensee.sauvage/dharma/indx.html http://www.dhammapada.de/ Links: Pali text; English translation by Max Muller http://www.tipitaka.net/pali/dhp/ http://etext.library.adelaide.edu.au/d/dhammapada/dhammapada.html Complete Illustrated Dhammapada (by Ven W Sarada Maha Thero): http://www.buddhanet.net/dhammapada/index.htm 00O00 Wikipedia about Dhammapada: Dhammapada From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia The Dhammapada (Pli; Prakrit: Dhamapada;[1] Sanskrit: Dharmapada) is a versified Buddhist scripture traditionally ascribed to theBuddha himself It is one of the best-known texts from the Theravadacanon.[2] The title, Dhammapada, is a compound term composed of dhamma andpada, each word having a number of denotations and connotations Generally, dhamma can refer to the Buddha's "doctrine" or an "eternal truth" or "righteousness" or all "phenomena";[3] and, at its root, pada means "foot" and thus by extension, especially in this context, means either "path" or "verse" (cf "prosodic foot") or both.[4] English translations of this text's title have used various combinations of these and related words.[5][6] []History According to tradition, the Dhammapada's verses were spoken by the Buddha on various occasions.[7]Most verses deal with ethics.[8] The text is part of theKhuddaka Nikaya of the Sutta Pitaka, www.phatgiaodaichung.com * www.phatgiaodaichung.net * www.phatgiaodaichung.com although over half of the verses exist in other parts of the Pali Canon.[9] A 4th or 5th century CE commentaryattributed to Buddhaghosa includes 305 stories which give context to the verses Although the Pli edition is the best-known, a number of other versions are known:[10] "Gndhr Dharmapada" a version possibly ofDharmaguptaka or Kyapya origin[11] in Gndhr written in Kharosthi script[12] "Patna Dharmapada" a version in Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit,[13] most likely Sammatiya[14] "Udnavarga" a seemingly related Mula-Sarvastivada or Sarvastivada text[15][16] in Sanskrit versions a Tibetan translation, which is popular in traditional Tibetan Buddhism "Mahvastu" a Lokottaravada text with parallels to verses in the Pli Dhammapada'sSahassa Vagga and Bhikkhu Vagga.[17] "Fajiu jing" Chinese works; one of these appears to be an expanded translation of the Pali version; this has not traditionally been very popular Comparing the Pali Dhammapada, the Gandhari Dharmapada and the Udanavarga, Brough (2001) identifies that the texts have in common 330 to 340 verses, 16 chapter headings and an underlying structure He suggests that the three texts have a "common ancestor" but underlines that there is no evidence that any one of these three texts might have been the "primitive Dharmapada" from which the other two evolved.[18] The Dhammapada is considered one of the most popular pieces of Theravada literature.[2] Acritical edition of the Dhammapada was produced by Danish scholar Viggo Fausbứll in 1855, becoming the first Pali text to receive this kind of examination by the European academic community.[19] []Literary merits The literary merits of the Dhammapada are a matter of disagreement.[10] Pali scholar K.R Norman notes that some readers have claimed that the Dhammapada is a "masterpiece of Indian literature", but that this assessment is not universally shared.[10] John Brough, who wrote extensively on the subject of the related Gndhr Dharmapada, believed that the text had largely been composed from a patchwork of cliches, and that while it contained a few novel and well-constructed verses, suffered from an "accumulation of insipid mediocrity."[23] While he believed that the Dhammapada did not warrant the high praise sometimes lavished upon it, Brough did note that it contained "small fragments of excellent poetry", and that the Dhammapada fared well when considered alongside other, www.phatgiaodaichung.com * www.phatgiaodaichung.net * www.phatgiaodaichung.com similarly composite works.[23] Several scholars have noted that much of the Dhammapada consists of vague moral aphorisms, many of them not clearly specific to Buddhism at all.[19] []English translations Tr F Max Mỹller, in Buddhist Parables, by E W Burlinghame, 1869; reprinted in Sacred Books of the East, volume X, Clarendon/Oxford, 1881; reprinted in Buddhism, by Clarence Hamilton; reprinted separately by Watkins, 2006; reprinted 2008 by Red and Black Publishers, St Petersburg, Florida, ISBN 978-1-934941-03-4; the first English translation (a Latin translation by V Fausbửll had appeared in 1855) Tr J Gray, American Mission Press, Rangoon, 1881 Tr J P Cooke & O G Pettis, Boston (Massachusetts?), 1898 Hymns of Faith, tr Albert J Edmunds, Open Court, Chicago, & Kegan Paul, Trench, Trỹbner & Co., London, 1902 Tr Norton T W Hazeldine, Denver, Colorado, 1902 The Buddha's Way of Virtue, tr W D C Wagiswara & K J Saunders, John Murray, London, 1912 Tr Silacara, Buddhist Society, London, 1915 Tr Suriyagoda Sumangala, in Ceylon Antiquary, 1915 Tr A P Buddhadatta, Colombo Apothecaries, 1920? The Buddha's Path of Virtue, tr F L Woodward, Theosophical Publishing House, London & Madras, 1921 In Buddhist Legends, tr E W Burlinghame, Harvard Oriental Series, 1921, volumes; reprinted by Pali Text Society[1], Bristol; translation of the stories from the commentary, with the Dhammapada verses embedded Tr R D Shrikhande and/or P L Vaidya (according to different bibliographies; or did one publisher issue two translations in the same year?), Oriental Book Agency, Poona, 1923; includes Pali text "Verses on Dhamma", in Minor Anthologies of the Pali Canon, volume I, tr C A F Rhys Davids, 1931, Pali Text Society, Bristol; verse translation; includes Pali text Tr N K Bhag(w?)at, Buddha Society, Bombay, 1931/5; includes Pali text The Way of Truth, tr S W Wijayatilake, Madras, 1934 Tr Irving Babbitt, Oxford University Press, New York & London, 1936; revision of Max Mỹller Tr K Gunaratana, Penang, Malaya, 1937 www.phatgiaodaichung.com * www.phatgiaodaichung.net * www.phatgiaodaichung.com The Path of the Eternal Law, tr Swami Premananda, Self-Realization Fellowship, Washington DC, 1942 Tr Dhammajoti, Maha Bodhi Society, Benares, 1944 Tr Jack Austin, Buddhist Society, London, 1945 Stories of Buddhist India, tr Piyadassi, volumes, Moratuwa, Ceylon, 1949 & 1953; includes stories from the commentary (see article) Tr Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan, Oxford University Press, London, 1950; includes Pali text Collection of Verses on the Doctrine of the Buddha, comp Bhadragaka, Bangkok, 1952 Tr T Latter, Moulmein, Burma, 1950? Tr W Somalokatissa, Colombo, 1953 Tr Narada, John Murray, London, 1954 Tr E W Adikaram, Colombo, 1954 Tr A P Buddhadatta, Colombo, 1954; includes Pali text Tr Siri Sivali, Colombo, 1954 Tr ?, Cunningham Press, Alhambra, California, 1955 Tr C Kunhan Raja, Theosophical Publishing House, Adyar/Madras, 1956; includes Pali text Free rendering and interpretation by Wesley La Violette, Los Angeles, 1956 Tr Buddharakkhita, Maha Bodhi Society, Bangalore, 1959; 4th edn, Buddhist Publication Society, Kandy, Sri Lanka, 1996; includes Pali text Tr Suzanne Karpelốs?, serialized in Advent (Pondicherry, India), 196065; reprinted inQuestions and Answers, Collected Works of the Mother, 3, Pondicherry, 1977 Growing the Bodhi Tree in the Garden of the Heart, tr Khantipalo, Buddhist Association of Thailand, Bangkok, 1966; reprinted as The Path of Truth, Bangkok, 1977 Tr P Lal, New York, 1967/70 Tr Juan Mascarú, Penguin Classics, 1973 Tr Thomas Byrom, Shambhala, Boston, Massachusetts, & Wildwood House, London, 1976 (ISBN 0-87773-966-8) Tr Ananda Maitreya, serialized in Pali Buddhist Review, & 2, 1976/7; offprinted under the title Law Verses, Colombo, 1978; revised by Rose Kramer (under the Pali title), originally published by Lotsawa Publications in 1988, reprinted by Parallax Press in 1995 The Buddha's Words, tr Sathienpong Wannapok, Bangkok, 1979 Wisdom of the Buddha, tr Harischandra Kaviratna, Pasadena, 1980; includes Pali text The Eternal Message of Lord Buddha, tr Silananda, Calcutta, 1982; includes Pali text www.phatgiaodaichung.com * www.phatgiaodaichung.net * www.phatgiaodaichung.com Tr Chhi Med Rig Dzin Lama, Institute of Higher Tibetan Studies, Sarnath, India, 1982; tr from the modern Tibetan translation by dGe-'dun Chos-'phel; includes Pali & Tibetan texts Tr & pub Dharma Publishing, Berkeley, California, 1985; tr from the modern Tibetan translation by dGe-'dun Chos-'phel Commentary, with text embedded, tr Department of Pali, University of Rangoon, published by Union Buddha Sasana Council, Rangoon (date uncertain; 1980s) Tr Daw Mya Tin, Burma Pitaka Association, Rangoon, 1986; probably currently published by the Department for the Promotion and Propagation of the Sasana, Rangoon, and/or Sri Satguru, Delhi Path of Righteousness, tr David J Kalupahana, Universities Press of America, Lanham, Maryland, c 1986 Tr Raghavan Iyer, Santa Barbara, 1986; includes Pali text (see article) Tr Eknath Easwaran, Arkana, London, 1986/7(ISBN 978-1-58638-019-9); reissued with new material Nilgiri Press 2007, Tomales, CA (ISBN 9781586380205) Tr John Ross Carter & Mahinda Palihawadana, Oxford University Press, New York, 1987; the original hardback edition also includes the Pali text and the commentary's explanations of the verses; the paperback reprint in the World's Classics Series omits these Tr U D Jayasekera, Colombo, 1992 Treasury of Truth, tr Weragoda Sarada, Taipei, 1993 Tr Thomas Cleary, Thorsons, London, 1995 The Word of the Doctrine, tr K R Norman, 1997, Pali Text Society, Bristol; the PTS's preferred translation Tr Anne Bancroft?, Element Books, Shaftesbury, Dorset, & Richport, Massachusetts, 1997 Tr F Max Mỹller (see above), revised Jack Maguire, SkyLight Pubns, Woodstock, Vermont, 2002 Tr Glenn Wallis, Modern Library, New York, 2004 (ISBN 978-0-8129-7727-1) Tr Gil Fronsdal, Shambhala, Boston, Massachusetts, 2005 (ISBN 1-59030-380-6) Tr Bhikkhu Varado, Inward Path, Malaysia, 2007; Dhammapada in English Verse See also online translations listed below []Musical Settings Ronald Corp, 2010, a cappella choral setting of Francis Booth's translation, released on Stone Records []Notes www.phatgiaodaichung.com * www.phatgiaodaichung.net * www.phatgiaodaichung.com ^ See, e.g., the Gndhr Dharmapada (GDhp), verses 301, 302, in: Brough (1962/2001), p 166; and, nandajoti (2007), ch 4, "Pupphavagga" (retrieved 25 November 2008 from "Ancient Buddhist Texts" at http://www.ancient-buddhist-texts.net/Buddhist-Texts/C3-ComparativeDhammapada/CD-04-Puppha.htm) ^ a b See, for instance, Buswell (2003): "rank[s] among the best known Buddhist texts" (p 11); and, "one of the most popular texts with Buddhist monks and laypersons" (p 627) Harvey (2007), p 322, writes: "Its popularity is reflected in the many times it has been translated into Western languages"; Brough (2001), p xvii, writes: "The collection of Pali ethical verses entitledDhammapada is one of the most widely known of early Buddhist texts." ^ See, e.g., Rhys Davids & Stede (1921-25), pp 335-39, entry "Dhamma," retrieved 25 November 2008 from "U Chicago" at http://dsal.uchicago.edu/cgi-bin/philologic/getobject.pl?c.1:1:2654.pali ^ See, e.g., Rhys Davids & Stede (1921-25), p 408, entry "Pada," retrieved 25 November 2008 from "U Chicago" at http://dsal.uchicago.edu/cgi-bin/philologic/getobject.pl?c.2:1:1516.pali ^ See, for instance, C.A.F Rhys David's "Verses on Dhamma," Kalupahana's "The Path of Righteousness," Norman's "The Word of the Doctrine," Woodward's "The Buddha's Path of Virtue," and other titles identified below at "English translations" ^ See also Fronsdal (2005), pp xiii-xiv Fronsdal, p xiv, further comments: " If we translate the title based on how the term dhammapada is used in the verses [see Dhp verses 44, 45, 102], it should probably be translated 'Sayings of the Dharma,' 'Verses of the Dharma,' or 'Teachings of the Dharma.' However, if we construe pada as 'path,' as in verse 21 , the title could be 'The Path of the Dharma.' Ultimately, as many translators clearly concur, it may be best not to translate the title at all." ^ Pertinent episodes allegedly involving the historic Buddha are found in the commentary (Buddharakkhita & Bodhi, 1985, p 4) In addition, a number of the Dhammapada's verses are identical with text from other parts of the Pali tipitaka that are directly attributed to the Buddha in the latter texts For instance, Dhammapada verses 3, 5, 6, 328-330 can also be found in MN 128 (ẹamoli & Bodhi, 2001, pp 1009-1010, 1339 n 1187) ^ Harvey (2007), p 322, line v.b., refers to the Dhammapada as "a popular collection of 423 pithy verses of a largely ethical nature." Similarly, Brough (2001)'s preface (p xvii) starts: "The collection of Pali ethical verses entitled Dhammapada is one of the most widely known of early Buddhist texts." ^ Geiger (2004), p 19, para 11.2 writes: www.phatgiaodaichung.com * www.phatgiaodaichung.net * www.phatgiaodaichung.com More than half the verses may be found also in other canonical texts The compiler of the [Dhammapada] however certainly did not depend solely on these canonical texts but also made use of the great mass of pithy sayings which formed a vast floating literature in India In a similar vein, Hinỹber (2000), p 45, para 90 remarks: "The contents of the [Dhammapada] are mainly gnomic verses, many of which have hardly any relation to Buddhism." 10 ^ a b c Buddhist Studies Review, 6, 2, 1989, page 153, reprinted in Norman, Collected Papers, volume VI, 1996, Pali Text Society, Bristol, page 156 11 ^ Brough (2001), pp 4445, summarizes his findings and inferences as: " We can with reasonable confidence say that the Gndhr text did not belong to the schools responsible for the Pali Dhammapada, the Udnavarga, and the Mahvastu; and unless we are prepared to dispute the attribution of any of these, this excludes the Sarvstivdins and the Lokottaravda-Mahsnghikas, as well as the Theravdins (and probably, in company with the last, the Mahsakas) Among possible claimants, the Dharmaguptakas and Kyapyas must be considered as eligible, but still other possibilities cannot be ruled out." 12 ^ Brough (2001) The original manuscript is believed to have been written in the first or second century CE 13 ^ See, e.g., Cone (1989) 14 ^ Journal of the Pali Text Society, volume XXIII, pages 113f 15 ^ Brough (2001), pp 38-41, indicates that the Udanavarga is of Sarvastivadin origin 16 ^ Hinỹber (2000), p 45, para 89, notes: More than half of [the Dhammapada verses] have parallels in corresponding collections in other Buddhist schools, frequently also in non-Buddhist texts The interrelation of these different versions has been obscured by constant contamination in the course of the text transmission This is particularly true in case of one of the Buddhist Sanskrit parallels The Udnavarga originally was a text corres[p]onding to the Pli Udna By adding verses from the Dhp [Dhammapada] it was transformed into a Dhp parallel in course of time, which is a rare event in the evolution of Buddhist literature 17 ^ Law (1930), p iv; and, nandajoti (2007), "Introduction," "Sahassavagga" and "Bhikkhuvagga." 18 ^ Brough (2001), pp 2330 After considering the hypothesis that these texts might lack a "common ancestor," Brough (2001), p 27, conjectures: www.phatgiaodaichung.com * www.phatgiaodaichung.net * www.phatgiaodaichung.com On the evidence of the texts themselves it is much more likely that the schools, in some manner or other, had inherited from the period before the schisms which separated them, a definite tradition of a Dharmapada-text which ought to be included in the canon, however fluctuating the contents of this text might have been, and however imprecise the concept even of a 'canon' at such an early period The differing developments and rearrangements of the inherited material would have proceeded along similar lines to those which, in the Brahmanical schools, produced divergent but related collections of texts in the different Yajur-veda traditions He then continues: [When] only the common material [is] considered, a comparison of the Pali Dhammapada, the Gandhari text, and the Udanavarga, has produced no evidence whatsoever that any one of these has any superior claim to represent a 'primitive Dharmapada' more faithfully than the others Since the contrary appears to have been assumed from time to time, it is desirable to say with emphasis that the Pali text is not the primitive Dharmapada The assumption that it was would make its relationship to the other texts altogether incomprehensible 19 ^ a b v Hinỹber, Oskar (2004) "Dhammapada" In Buswell, Jr., Robert E Macmillan Encyclopedia of Buddhism USA: Macmillan Reference USA pp 21617 ISBN 0028659104 20 ^ English chapter titles based on Mỹller (1881) 21 ^ a b Pali retrieved 2008-03-28 from "Bodhgaya News" (formerly, La Trobe U.) starting athttp://www.bodhgayanews.net/tipitaka.php?title=&record=7150, and from "MettaNet - Lanka" athttp://www.metta.lk/tipitaka/2Sutta-Pitaka/5Khuddaka-Nikaya/02Dhammapada/index.html 22 ^ Brough (2001) orders the chapters of the Gandhari Dharmapada as follows: I Brhmaa; II Bhiku; III T; IV Ppa; V Arhant; VI Mrga; VII Apramda; VIII Citta; IX Bla; X Jar; XI Sukha; XII Sthavira; XIII Yamaka; XIV Paita; XV Bahuruta; XVI Prakraka (?); XVII Krodha; XVIII Prupa; XIX Sahasra; XX la (?); XXI Ktya (?); XXII Nga, or Ava (?); XXIII XVI [Lost].[Parenthesized question marks are part of Brough's titles.] Cone (1989) orders the chapters of the Patna Dharmapada as follows: Jama; Apramda; Brhmaa; Bhiku; Attha; oka; Kaly; Pupa; Tahna; 10 Mala; 11 Bla; 12 Daa; 13 araa; 14 Khnti; 15.sava; 16 Vc; 17 tta; 18 Dadant; 19 Citta; 20 Mgga; 21 Sahasra; [22 Uraga] 23 ^ a b Brough, John (2001) Gandhari Dharmapada (Buddhist Tradition) (v 43) Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass pp xxi-xxii ISBN 81-208-1740-0 Retrieved 2009-02-01 []Sources www.phatgiaodaichung.com * www.phatgiaodaichung.net * www.phatgiaodaichung.com nandajoti Bhikkhu (2007) A Comparative Edition of the Dhammapada U of Peradeniya Retrieved 25 Nov 2008 from "Ancient Buddhist Texts" at http://www.ancient-buddhisttexts.net/Buddhist-Texts/C3-Comparative-Dhammapada/index.htm Brough, John (2001) The Gndhr Dharmapada Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass Publishers Private Limited Buswell, Robert E (ed.) (2003) Encyclopedia of Buddhism MacMillan Reference Books.ISBN 978-0028657189 Cone, Margaret (transcriber) (1989) "Patna Dharmapada" in the Journal of the Pali Text Society (Vol XIII), pp 101217 Oxford: PTS Retrieved 06-15-2008 from "Ancient Buddhist Texts" at http://www.ancient-buddhist-texts.net/Buddhist-Texts/C5-Patna/index.htm [On-line text interspersed with Pali parallels compiled by nandajoti Bhikkhu (2007).] Eknath Easwaran The Dhammapada Nilgiri Press (2007) ISBN 978-1586380205 Fronsdal, Gil (2005) The Dhammapada Boston: Shambhala ISBN 1-59030-380-6 Geiger, Wilhelm (trans by Batakrishna Ghosh) (1943, 2004) Pli Literature and Language New Delhi: Munshiram Manoharlal Publishers ISBN 81-215-0716-2 Harvey, Peter (1990, 2007) An Introduction to Buddhism: Teachings, History and Practices Cambridge: Cambridge University Press ISBN 0-521-31333-3 Hinỹber, Oskar von (2000) A Handbook of Pli Literature Berlin: Walter de Gruyter ISBN 311-016738-7 Law, Bimala Churn (1930) A Study of the Mahvastu Calcutta: Thacker, Spink & Co Retrieved 26 Nov 2008 from "Archive.org" at http://ia331310.us.archive.org/flipbook/flipbook.php?identifier=studyofthemahava031355mbp&dat apath=/3/items/studyofthemahava031355mbp&dataserver=ia331310.us.archive.org Mỹller, F Max (1881) The Dhammapada (Sacred Books Of The East, Vol X) Oxford University Press Retrieved 2008-04-02 from "WikiSource" athttp://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Dhammapada_(Muller) ẹamoli, Bhikkhu (trans.) & Bhikkhu Bodhi (ed.) (2001) The Middle Length Discourses of the Buddha: A Translation of the Majjhima Nikya Boston: Wisdom Publications ISBN 0-86171072-X Rhys Davids, T.W & William Stede (eds.) (1921-5) The Pali Text Societys PaliEnglish Dictionary Chipstead: Pali Text Society A general on-line search engine for the PED is available from "U Chicago" at http://dsal.uchicago.edu/dictionaries/pali/ []External links www.phatgiaodaichung.com * www.phatgiaodaichung.net * www.phatgiaodaichung.com Wikisource has original text related to this article: Dhammapada []Translations Dhammapada at HolyeBooks.org by Bhikkhu Varado and Samanera Bodhesako(2008) by Ajahn Munindo (2005) by John Richards (1993) by Thomas Byrom (1993) by Buddharakkhita (1985) (pdf has intro by Bhikkhu Bodhi) by Thanissaro (1997) Detailed word-by-word translation of the Dhammapada, including explanation of grammar []MP3 Readings (mp3) from the Dhammapada by Gil Fronsdal Cỏc Bn Kinh Phỏp Cỳ Khỏc:: Kinh Phỏp Cỳ, HT Thớch Minh Chõu Kinh Li Vng, Thi húa Dhammapada Sutta - T kheo Gii c Tớch Truyn Phỏp Cỳ, Thin Vin Viờn Chiu - Nguyờn Tỏc: "Buddhist Legends" Kinh Phỏp Cỳ (Thi húa), Tõm Minh Ngụ Tng Giao chuyn dch th http://www.budsas.org/uni/u-kinh-phapcu-ev/dhp_idx.htm http://www.accesstoinsight.org/canon/sutta/khuddaka/dhp/index.html http://perso.orange.fr/pensee.sauvage/dharma/indx.html http://www.dhammapada.de/ Links: Pali text; English translation by Max Muller http://www.tipitaka.net/pali/dhp/ http://etext.library.adelaide.edu.au/d/dhammapada/dhammapada.html Complete Illustrated Dhammapada (by Ven W Sarada Maha Thero): http://www.buddhanet.net/dhammapada/index.htm www.phatgiaodaichung.com * www.phatgiaodaichung.net * www.phatgiaodaichung.com 000O000 MC LC Li cỏc dch gi Bn dch ngha Vit - HT Thớch Thin Siờu tr - 37 Bn dch Vit th k - Tnh Minh tr 39 - 41 Bn a ng tr 43 - 465 01 - Phm Song Yu - Twin Verses (01-20) 02 - Phm Tinh Cn - Heedfulness ((21-32) 03 - Phm Tõm í - The Mind (33-43) 04 - Phm Hoa Hng - Flowers (44-59) 05 - Phm Ngu Si - Fools (60-75) 06 - Phm Hin Trớ - The wise (76-89) 07 - Phm A La Hỏn - The Worthy (90-99) 08 - Phm Muụn Ngn - Thousands (100-115) 09 - Phm c Hnh - Evil (116-128) 10 - Phm Hỡnh Pht - The Rod or Punishment (129-145) 11 - Phm Gi Yu - Old Age (146-156) 12 - Phm T Ngó - The Self (157-166) 13 - Phm Th Gian - The world (167-178) 14 - Phm Pht é - The Enlightened One (179-196) 15 - Phm An Lc - Happiness (197-208) 16 - Phm H i - Affection (209-220) 17 - Phm Phn N - Anger (221-234) 18 - Phm Cu U - Impurities or Taints (235-255) 19 - Phm Phỏp Tr - The Righteous (256-272) 20 - Phm Chỏnh éo - The way or the Path (273-289) 21 - Phm Tp Lc - Miscellaneous (290-305) 22 - Phm éa Ngc - Hell or Woeful state (306-319) 23 - Phm Voi Rng - The Elephant (320-333) 24 - Phm Tham i - Craving (334-359) 25 - Phm T Kheo - The Bhikkhu (360-382) 26 - Phm B La Mụn - The Brahmana (383-423) www.phatgiaodaichung.com * www.phatgiaodaichung.net * www.phatgiaodaichung.com Version franỗaise, Link Page 466 Deutsche Fassung, Link Seite 466 Wikipedia about Dhammapada Page 467 Other translations, Links Page 476 Readable at weblink: http://www.flipsnack.com/flips/cd5a89ae16397900e58e85571q209578 0000 OOO 0000 KINH PHP C (DHAMMAPADA) & Tranh minh a ng: Vit - Anh - Phỏp - c Multilingual: Vietnamese, English, French, German Multilingue: Vietnamien, Anglais, Franỗais, Allemand Mehrsprachig: Vietnamesisch, Englisch, Franzửsisch, Deutsch Dch Vit: Hũa thng Thớch Thin Siờu Bn dch Anh ng: Hũa thng NARADA, Colombo, Sri Lanka, 1963, 1971 Tnh Minh dch Vit / th k - Si Gũn, PL 2539 - TL 1995 Su v Hiu ớnh: Nguyờn nh, Mựa Pht n PL.2550, 2006; b sung, Mựa Vu Lan PL.2555-2011 Readable at weblink: http://www.flipsnack.com/flips/cd5a89ae16397900e58e85571q209578 000 )()( )( 000 www.phatgiaodaichung.com * www.phatgiaodaichung.net * www.phatgiaodaichung.com