cty TMHH MIV UVVH Knang vigi PHAN MOT LOd NOI D A U Quy thSy c6 giao va cac em hoc sinh than men! Ky thi tot nghiep THPT va tuyen sinh vao cac truong Dai hoc, Cao dang sap den gan Chung toi to chuc bien soan cu6n sach "GIAI NHANH C A C DANG BAI TAP T R A C N G H I E M T I E N G ANH " nhSm giup cac em hoc sinh khoi 12 tu on tap kien thuc va ren iuyen ky nang giai de thi Sach dugc bien soan theo hai chu 6k Ion: NgCr phap (kien thuc ngiJ phap thong phuc vu cho cac ky thi tot nghiep THPT va tuyen sinh vao Dai hoc, Cao ding) va Bo de thi tot nghiep THPT va tuyen sinh vao Dai hoc, Cao dang Dieu dsic biet cua cuon sach la: a moi chu diem ngfr phap cu the, chung toi deu diln giai kien thuc rat ro rang va kem theo bai tap trac nghiem I'rng dung voi 16'i dan giai dap an ngSn ngon, lap luan chat che, de hieu Them vao do, cac kien thuc dong dang cung dugc bo sung kem theo Chinh dieu se giup cac em chii dong rat nhieu tiep thu kien thuc c6 h? thong va logic Chung toi khuyen cac em nen tir minh giai tat ca cac cau hoi cua moi de thi sach, sau moi doi chieu voi dap an dua Khi doi chieu voi dap an, cac em nen doc that ky phSn dien giai dap an Dieu se giup cac em hieu that sir ban chat cua van de Cu6n sach that sir iuTu I'ch doi voi quy thay c6 giao va cac em hoc sinh vi^c on tap kien thiic va trau d6i ki nang lam bai thi bang phuong phap trac nghiem khach quan nhSm dat kk qua cao cac ky thi sap toi Du da CO ging rat nhi^u qua trinh bien soan nhung cuon sach chac cung nhirng dieu thieu sot Rat mong nhan dugc y ki^n dong gop tir quy ban doc gan xa d l cu6n sach mot hoan thien hon CAU TRUC DE THI VA HINH THl/C THI T6T NGHIEP THPT, TUYEN SINH DAI HOC, CAO OANG N A M 2011 (Kem theo cong van so: 102581BGDDT-KTKDCLGD, 23 thdng 11 nam 2009 cua Bo Giao due va Dao tgo) I Cau true de thi tot nghiep THPT a) De thi danh cho cac doi tuong thi sinh hoc theo chuang trinh giao due ph6 thong cap THPT (gom: thi sinh hgc Ban Khoa hoc Tir nhien Ban Khoa hoc Xa hoi va Nhan van Ban Co ban, thi sinh hgc truong THPT KT thuat va thi sinh tir do) dugc theo chuong trinh giao due thong cap THPT hien hanh, chu yeu la chuong trinh lop 12 - Doi voi cac mon Toan, Vat li, Hoa hgc, Sinh hgc, Ngir van, Ljch sir, Dja li, de thi moi mon gom phan: ^ + Phan chung cho tat ca thi sinh, theo ngi dung giong giOa chuong trinh chuan va chuong trinh nang cao + Phan rieng theo tiing chuong trinii: chuong trinh chuan va chuong trinh nang cao Thi sinh chi dugc chgn mot phan rieng thich hgp de lam bai; neu lam ca hai phan rieng thi ca hai phan rieng deu khong dugc cham .^fe K W H - Doi voi cac mon Ngoai ngir, de thi moi mon chi c6 phan chung danh cho tat ca thi sinh, theo ngi dung giong giiia chuong trinh chuan va chuang trinh nang cao, khong eo phan rieng b) De thi danh cho thi sinh hgc theo chuong trinh Giao due thuong xuyen (GDTX) cSp THPT dugc theo chuang trinh GDTX cap THPT hien hanh, chu yeu la chuong trinh lop 12 De thi moi mon chi c6 phan chung danh cho tat ca thi sinh, khong c6 phan rieng CAU TRUC Moi y kien dong gop cua d6c gia xin giri true tiep qua dja chi: Thay giao Ngo Van Minh - DT: 0962 365 311 Email: minhvfirstbook(5)yahoo.com - Website: www.mitnapha.edu.yn p V Dfi T H I T R A C NGHIEM T O T NGHIEP T H P T MON TifiNGANH Noi dung kien thuc I NgCr am Yeu to can kiem tra - Trgng am So cau - Nguyen am va phu am Ngfr phap - tfr vyng - Danh tir/dai tir/dgng tu/tinh tu/tir noi - Cau true cau GiJi nhanh CDBT TN Anh Van - Ng6 VSn Minh - Phuong thuc can tao tu - CliQii tir/cum tir c6 djiih Chuc nang giao tiep Tir ngii/ngu' canh the hien chuc nang giao tiep dan gian K y nang doc - Dien tir vao cho (su dung tir vimg, ngCr phap, nghTa tir virng ); Mot bai text dai khoang 150 tir - Doc hieu: mot bai text dai khoang 200 tir (tir virng: can iighTa/nghich nghTa tren co so van canh) - Xac djnh I6i lien quan den kTnang viet 5 Ky nang viet - Viet chuyen hoa/ket hop cau a cap dp cum tir den menh de a) Doi vai cac mon Toan, Vat li, Hoa hoc, Sinh hpc, NgO van, Ljch sir, Dja li, de thi moi mon gom phan: - Phan chung cho tat ca thi sinh, theo noi dung giong giCra chuang trinh chuan va chuong trinh nang cao; - Phan rieng theo tiing chuang trinh: chuong trinh chuan va chuang trinh nang cao Thi sinh chi dugc chgn mpt phan rieng thich hgp de lam bai; neu lam ca hai phan rieng thi ca hai phan rieng deu khong dugc cham b) Doi v6i cac mon Ngoai ngiJ, de thi moi mon chi c6 phan chung danh cho tat ca thi sinh, theo noi dung gi6ng giOa chuong trinh chuan va chuang trinh nang cao, khong c6 phan rieng - Tu dong nghTa/trai nghTa KT nang doc - Dien tu vao cho (sir dung tu ngu', yeu to ngu phap ) ; mot bai text khoang 200 tu 10 - Doc lay tliong tin cii the/dai y (doan nghTa tu moi, nghTa ngfr canh ) ; mpt bai text dai khoang 400 tir, cliii de thong 10 - Dpc phan tich/dpc phe phan/suy dien/tong hgp; mpt bai text dai khoang 400 tir, chu de thong 10 - Phat hien loi sai can sua - Viet gian tiep Cu the cac van de can kiem 10 KT nang viet De thi dugc theo chuong trinh THPT hien hanh, chu yeu la chuong trinh lap 12 - To hgp ti!r/ciim tu c6 dinh/cum dgng tir - Tir ngu/ngu canh the hien chuc nang - Dirng cau/chon cau/cau true can nghTa II Cau true de thi tuyen sinh dai hoc, cao dang CIn'rc nang giao tiep * Ki hieu "/ " c6 nghia la "hoac" - Phuang thuc cau tao tir/su dung tu' (word choice/usage) giao tiep don gian tra bao gom: + Loai cau + Cau can nghTa + Menh de chinh - menh de phu + Hoa hgp chu ngir, vj ngu + Xay dung cau vai tir/cum tir cho san \ ted + * Ki !)ieu "'/" c6 ngiiTa la "hoac" oa irivt \ ; M \! tnH tmq III Hinh thuc thi tot nghicp THPT va tuyen sinh DH, CD •Afiib •>anh tir tan ciing bi\ng: -ate, -ite, -ude, -ute thi t r o n g a m each am tiet cuoi " l o t am Ex:'appetite,'consulate,'institute fr:, jYiy/';/^q > :' Giai nhanh CDBT TN Anh Van - Ng6 van Minh B A I T A P T R A C N G H I E M CTNG • Qiiv t;ic9: Da s o dong tii- c6 hai am tict thi am duoc daiih vao Tim tict tliij- liai DUNG EXERCISE Choose the word whose main stress is not the same as that of the others Ex: aMTcct, convbine, dis"posc, cn"lai"ge siiWinit A beginning B campaign C fascinate D investigate A existence B lemonade C participate D suspicion CO am tict cuoi la mot ticp v j ngu' vsi tsin cung bang: -cr, - c r n , -cn, -ic, - A exhibit B particularly C society •.suffer ish, -ow, -y A specialize B.souvenir C beautiful D tournament A reverse B supervise C because D tornado • O n v t i i c 10: D()iig tiV CO hai am tict thi troiig am duoc danh vao am tict dau neu dong tu- Iff I N''oai triV: a'llow ^ Your answer: V.\: 'stuck, -enter 'Iiiiish -open * ri-^r.in^m • Quv tiic 11: Dong tiV t:)n cung l)ang: -ate, -udc, -utc, -ly, -ply, -i/.c, -isc thi tiong am duoc ' EXERCISE danh c:'icli :'im tict cuoi hai van, nluing nCni chi c6 hai am tict thi am Choose the word whose main stress is not the same as that of the others duoc d;inh\ao am tict cuoi A behaviour B tomorrow C descent D moninnenl A mountaineer B mosquito C revolution D guarantee A horrify B bargain C technique D balance A historical B banana C gather D beforeiiand A headmaster B generous C fortunate D consequently > » > Cac truong hop d:lc bict: "iiiimatc con'lrilMitc ciis"triliiitc a"ttrihiitc in'l'iltratc, dc'hvdrate Kx: app"l_\ "multiply Cdu'ciude "decorate, eoirsolidate • Ouv (:ic 12: Nliuii"-; iiau to sau kliong c6 fun iigliTa la tiY goe duge nhan am nao thi ti'r Your answer: clui_\eii hoa duiic nhaii am ,Uf I ess/ist'ship'dom/hood Verb • ment/anee/eror/ar/alA/age/ing/son 'lit' •\djccti\n + en/i/e/ty Noun +)/!> Tul less oLis'Huis/al'i.sli.'like \'crl) • able/ihie ,Adjccli\ tail CLing h a n g " l " thi Noun tan cung hang "cy" •\djccli\ tan cinig bang ""t"" thi Noiui tan cinig bang ""cc" EXERCISE Choose the word \ hose main stress is not the same as that of the others A behind B forgive C conscious D intelligent A inside B extraordinary' C consider D leisurely A considerate B mechanical C lengthen D defence A companion B earthquake C personally D satisfy A communicate B engagement C regular D efficient • Ouv tac 13: C'iic hau to -ee, -eer -esc -00 -ette, -self, -esque thi am tlurong roi \ao am I Cac fru(Vng hop ngoiii Ic: "colTee, co'mmittee Kx: ciga'rette Clii"ne.sc, engi'neer -> EXERCISE Choose the word w ho.se main stress is not the same as that of the others ' A relationship B orphanage C performance D responsible D handsome A originally B museum Miirng viMi sau day luon luon co am ngliTa la trgng am luon duoc danh A dramatic B otherwise C paradise D necessary \ao cac am na>: "cur, 'cct, 'diet, T c r , 'mit, 'i)cl, 'press, 'rupf, 'sist, 'tain, A documentary B handkerchief C undergraduate D volunteer A romantic B necessity C substitute D translate 'test, 'tract, 'vent, 'vert C;ic luong liiii) ngoai Ic: "insect, "sulfer, "offer Kx: e"fleet, prc'\ent, a"\ei1 ">: a: C divide • Ouv [:ic U: A Your answer: tiet chua hau to 20 j, ' Y o u r answer: 21 EXERCISE Choose the word whose main stress is not the same as that of the others A victorious B hesitate C geography D November A vocabulary q B graduate C perform D unusual A visit B government C whisper D ingredient A television B volcano C temporary D generous A kidnap B result C salary D perfect Y o u r answer: EXERCISE Choose the w o r d whose m a i n stress is not the same as that o f the others C respectable D interrupt B important A convenient A instructive B obvious C fuel D differ ; >! A occasion B laboratory C curious D polite " • ,\ti' /!• A rescue B research C service D groceries A gradual B childhood C idea D bottle • Y o u r answer: EXERCISE 1, E X E R C I S E 10 ' Choose the w o r d whose m a i n stress is not the same as that o f the others D proceed C terrific B refer A mineral Choose the w o r d whose m a i n stress is not the same as that o f the others A persuade B remember C noticeable D improvement A magazine B literature C principle D ceremony ' A cautious B particular C glorious D memorize A conference A academic B accompany C direction D belongings B disagreeable C representative D memorial B happen C debate D certificate A attendance' B politic C horizon D temporary 113 B unity "'-^ C expensive D famous * B anxious C invasion D suggestive A prepare A factory A decrease * ' Y o u r answer: Y o u r answer: 5 mmm EXERCISE? Choose the w o r d whose m a i n stress is not the same as that o f the others A distribute B j u n i o r C eleven D performance A memorable B difficulty C financial D chemical A fluently B irritable C residence D resistence A endurance B familiar C majority D liberty A nationality B demonstrate C electricity D disapprove > DAP A N V A DIEN GIAI DAP A N ft -iu EXERCISE J,l?tfiVi»> I C : fascinate c6 dau am danh vao am tiet thi'r nhat Cac tir khac c6 dau am danh vao am tiet tlu'r hai B : lemonade c6 dau am danh vao am tiet thi'r ba Cac t u khac c6 dau am danh vao am tiet tlu'r hai •'i.1f^W:f' % D : suffer c6 dau am danh vao am tiet thi'r nhat Cac tir khac co dau am danh vao am tiet tlu'r hai Y o u r answer: 4H: souvenir c6 dau tryng am danh vao am tiet thir ba Cac tir khac c6 dau am danh vao am tiet tlu'r nhat EXERCISES Choose the w o r d whose m a i n stress is not the same as that o f the others A.pagoda B decorate C officer D passionate A ridiculous B several ! C hotel D desire A police B modern , C direct D however A enter B circle C humid D.canal A circumstance B morning; Y o u r answer: ,4iJi!3 vhlmii ote/ i t m b mi5;:^.! 51J: supervise c6 dau am danh vao am tiet thi'r nhat Cac tir khac c6 dau ! Cseniester, D province am danh vao aiu tiet tlu'r hai EXERCISE :, • ' -r'.fy-: I D : monument co dau am danh vao am tiet thir nhat Cac tir khac c6 dau am danh vao am tiet thi'r hai }{? B : nmsquito co dau am danh vao am tiet thi'r hai Cac tir khac co dau 'roiig fun danh vao am tiet tlu'r ba 3C: technic]ue co dau am danh vao am tiet thi'r hai Cac tir khac co dau am danh vao am tiet thir nhat iV'Vi I'^t riA r ' 4C: gather co dau am danh vao am tiet thir nhat Cac tir khac co dau am danh vao am tiet thir hai 22 ; ou^ > - w 23 Uty TrfflTTMTV D W H KDang Viet •mr- A : headmaster c dan am danh vao am tiet thi'r hai C a c tir khac c o dan am danh vao am tiet thir nhat 3B: EXERCISE am danh vao am tiet thir hai am danh vao am tiet tlu'r hai V •3C: lengthen c o dau am danh vao am tiet thir nhSt C a c tir khac c o dau j f am danh vao am tiet thir nhat am danh vao am tiet thir hai ' irmrfif^ sm\n*.'\ f.-|('> rj)^> fl'w'''''' EXERCISE? - am danh vao am tiet thu- hai y" • fmancial c o dau trpng am danh vao am tiet thir hai C a c tir khac c o dau trpng am danh vao am tiet thir nhat D : resistance c o dau trpng am danh vao a m tiet thir hai C a c tir khac c o dau EXERCISE trpng am danh vao am tiet thir nhat I B : orphanage c o dau am danh Vc\ am tiet thir nhat C a c tir khac co dau am danh vao am tiet thir hai am danh vao am tiet thir hai 4D: liberty c o dau trpng am danh vao am tiet thir nhat C a c tir khac c o dau trpng am danh vao am tiet thir hai D : handsome c o diiu am danh vao am tiet thir nhk C a c tir khac co diiu i am danh vao am tiet tlu'r nh^t EXERCISES l A : pagoda c o dau trpng am danh vao am tiet thir hai C a c tir khac c o dau B : handkerchief CO dau am danh vao am tiet thir nhat C a c tir khac c o trpng am danh vao am tiet thir nhat B : several ccS diiu trpng am danh vao am tiet thir nhat C a c tir khac c o dau dau am danh vao am ti(3t thir ba » C : substitute c o dau am danh vao am tiet thir nhat C a c tir khac c o dau am danh vao am tiet thir ha'ijit^ OBV B : denmnstrate c dau trpng am danh vao am tiet thir nhat C a c tir khac co dau trpng am danh vao am tiet thir ba A : dramatic c o dau am danh vao am tiet thir hai C a c tir khac c o dau rin^si it EXERCISE isub o|yjitj,^;,iHj(!!,;,.! ;ai nui,!osv hesitate c o dau am danli vao am tiet thir nhc4t C a c tir khac c o dau trpng am danh vao am tiet thir hai 3B: modern c o dau trpng am danh vao am tiet thir niiat C a c tir khac c o dau trpng am danh vao am tiet thir hai 1 ^^^ D : canal co dau trpng am danh vao am tiet thir hai C a c tir khac co dau trpng am danh vao am tiet thir nhat am dimh vao am tiet thir hai «i B : graduate c o dau am danh vao am tiet thir nhat C a c tir khac co dau am danh vao am tiet tlu'r hai -Hifin iifl) ion uiij oc't m\t- ingredient c o dau am danh v a c am tiet thir hai C a c tir khac c o dau am danh vao am tiet thir nhat volcano c o dau am danh vao am tiet thir hai C a c tir khac c o dau am danh vao am tiet thir nhat B : result co dau am danh vao am t\k thir hai C a c tir khac c o dau mn u t w ru mA) O'J uiiHjKocfi -AiL EXERCISE I C : noticeable c o dau am danh vao am tiet thir nhat C a c tir khac c o dau trpng am danh vao am tiet thir hai * « A : magazine c o dau am danh vao am tiet thir ba C a c tir khac c o dau am dimh vao am tiet thir nhat 24 iifib D : memorial co dau am danh vao am tiet thii- hai C a c tir khac c o dau 2C: regular c o dau am danh vao am tiet thii- nhat C i k tir khac c o dc4u am danh vao am tiet thir nhat A : conference co dau am danh vao am tiet tlu'r nhat C a c tir khac c o dau I B : j u n i o r co dau am danh vao am tiet thir nhat C a c tir khac co dau trpng A : companion c o dau am danh vao am tiet thir hai C a c tir khac co dau 4B: particular ccS dau am danh vao am tiet thir hai C a c tir khac c o dau trpng am danh vao am tiet thir ba am danh vao am tiet thir hai 3D: 7-—;—;—'.—^—'.—;—\— trpng am danh vao a m tiet thir hai 21): leisurely c dau am danh vao am tiet thir nhc4t C a c tir khac c o dau IB: r am danh vao am tiet thir nhat I C : conscious c dau am danh vao am tiet thir nhat C a c tir khac c dau 5C: ^—' mu HII^ i>u» luu.u mt i^itvi- 5C: semester c o dau trpng am danh vao am tiet thir hai C a c tir khac c o dau trpng am danh vao am tiet tlu'r nhat EXERCISE ID: ^.Sf^QttmV •• interrupt co dau trpng am danh vao am tiet thir ba C a c tir khac c o dau trpng am danh vao am tiCn thir hai A : instructive c o dau trpng am danh vao am tiet thir hai C a c tir khac c o dau trpng am danh vao am tiet thir nhat 3C: curious c o dau trpng am danh vao am tiet thir nhat C a c tir khac c o dau trpng am danh vao am tiet thir hai • • (•! •IB: research c o dau trpng am danh vao am tiet thir hai C a c tir khac c o dau trpng am danh vao am tiet thir nhat 5C: idea c o dau trpng am danh vao am tiet thir hai C a c tii' khac c o dau trpng ^"1 danh vao am tiet thir nhat " ' ' • •• Cty TNHH MTV DVVH Khang Vi$t 4- Negative form (Phii djnh) E X E R C I S E 10 - l A : mineral c6 dan am danh vao am tiet thi'r nhat Cac t u khac c6 dau V d i dong tii' to be (is/am/are): am danh vao am tiet thi'r hai 2B: happen co dc4u S + to be (is/am/are) + not + O am danh vao am tiet thu' nhat Cac tCr khac co dau Eg: They are not engineers: Ho khong phai la nhirng kT su am danh vao am tiet thu hai - A : attendance co ddu am danh vao am tiet thi'r hai Cac tir khac c6 dau V o i dong tir tiurong: Chungusoit: am danh vao am tiet thir nhat _ S + doesn't + V-bare infinitive + O 4B: expensive co dau am danh vao am tiet thi'r hai Cac tir khac co dau am danh vao am tiet tlu'r nhiit Eg: Her father does not work here: Bo cua co ta khong lam viec a day .i M l tin I iw mv> o-sy (kiist} r Chii ngu' so nhieu: 5B: anxious co dau am danh vao am tiet thi'r nhat Cac tir khac co dau am danh vao am tiet thi'r hai S + don't + V-barc infinitive + O Eg: They don't play football very well: Ho choi bong da khong that su- hay IJm The simple present tense (Thi hien tai don) ^ ^ i B Cach diing A Cong thuc Hi - Dicn ta mot chan ly + Affirmative form (The khang djnh) Eg: The earth goes round the sun: Trai dat quay quanh mat troi - Chu ngir (v6i dong tir "to be") - S+ to be (is/ani/are) + Chu ngir so it (v6i dong tir thuong) m^ - always, Eg: Nam and Hoa live in Ho Chi Minh City: Nam va 116a song a Ho ^^'^ day, A Cong thuc The khang djnh: S + to be (is/are/am) + V-ing The nghi van: To be (is/are/am) + S + ri i f i i thi toi nhin tliay em gai cua ban (hanh dong nhin thay em gai xay va cat ngang hiinh dong di bo) * Cach dung cua Since; F o r Since + moc thoi gian/thi qua khu' don Eg: I have been here since 9:00 A M : Toi c6 mat d day tir li'ic gid sang They have lived in the house since she left for Da Nang: Hp song can nha ke tir co ta chuyen den Da Nang - Dien ta hiinh dong xsiy sau va cham diit sau so voi hanh dong da xiiy vii da cliiim dut qua khu- Eg: They had had lunch before they went to school: Chung no dii an trua trirdc di hoc (Hanh dong di hoc xiiy sau va cham dut sau so vdi hanh dong an trua.) * Chijy: M(5t so dien ngu' thuong xuiit hien thi nay: F o r + khoang thoi gian yesterday, last week, last year, last month, Eg: She has learned how to drive a car for 20 days: Co ta hoc lai xe hai duoc two days ago (khoang thai gian + ago), 20 rdi The present perfect continuous (thi hien tai hoan thiinh tiep dicn) The past continuous tense (Thi qua khutiep dicn) A Cong thuc A Cong thuc The khitng djnh: S + was/were + V-ing The khang djnh: S + has/have + been + V-ing Tht' nghi van: VVasAVere + S + V-ing? The nghi van: Has/Have + S + been + V-ing? The phu djnh: S + has/have + not + been + V-ing B C i k h dung - Dien ta hanh dong da xiiy qua k h u nhung van keo dai den tuong lai (nhan manh sir keo dai cua hanh dong) Eg: They have been learning English for years: Toi da hoc Tieng Anh dirge hai nam rdi (toi se tiep tiic hoc) The phii djnh: S + was/were + not + V-ing B C a c h dung - Dien tii hiinh dong tiep dicn tai mot thoi diem xac djnh qua khu- Eg: They were watching T V at 4:00 P.M yesterday: gid chieu hdm qua, ho dang xem T V - Dicn tsi himh dong dien khoang thoi gian xiic djnh qua khu- Eg: She was cooking from 16:00 to 18:00 yesterday: Tir 16 gid den 18 gid igay hdm qua, cd ta dang nau an 29 Cty TNHH MTV DVVH Khang Vigt Giai nhanh CDBT TNI Anh Van - Ngfl Van Minh - Dien ta mot hanh dong xay truoc va keo dai hon so voi mot hanh dong khac xay qua khu- Eg: While they were having a bath, they heard a loud sound: Trong dang tarn thi ho nghe mot am Ion - The simple future (Thi tuong lai don) A Cong thuc The khang djnh: S + will/shall + V - bare inf The nghi van: Will/Shall + S + V-bare inf? Dien ta hanh dong dang dien tien dong thoi voi hanh dong khac dang The phu djnh: S + will/shall + not + V - bare inf cung dicn ticn Eg: While Mai was studying, her mother was cleaning the floor: Trong Mai dang hoc bai thi me cua Mai dang chiii san nha * C h u y: B Csich dung - Dien tii hanh dong, s y viec se dien tuong lai Eg: They w i l l go swimming next week: Ho se di boi vao tuan t o i Co hai lien tir thuong di voi thi nay: While, When * Chii y : While + past continuous, simple past M(5t so dien ngu- chi thoi gian thuong diing thi nay: When + past simple, past continuous tomorrow, next week, next month The past perfect (Thi qua k h u hoan thanh) 10 The near future (thi tuong lai gan) A Cong thiic j^jjj, jj, , ThC- khang djnh: S + had + V-3/ed A Cong thu'c The nghi van: Had + S + V-3/cd? The khang djnh: S + be (is/are/am) + going to + V-bare inf ThS phu djnh: S + had + not + V-3/cd The nghi van: Be (is/are/ani) + S + going to + V-bare inf? 4it B C a c h dung The phu djnh: S + be (is/are/am) + not + going to + V-bare inf - Dien ta mot hanh dong xay truoc va cham diit truoc so vol mot hanh dong khac xay sau va cham dut sau qua khu' Eg: Before he went to England, he had studied English: Truoc den nuac Anh, cau ay da hoc Tieng A n h * C h u y: Cac lien tii' thuong duoc dung thi niiy: After, Before, When Dien ta d u djnh cho tuong lai va d u djnh da co sir chuan bj can than Eg: She is going to find another job: Co ta dir djnh tim mot cong viec khac 11 The future perfect (Thi tuong lai hoan thanh) A Cong thuc The khang djnh: S + will/shall + have + V-3/ed Before + simple past, past perfect The nghi van: Will/Shall + S + have + V-3/ed? When + simple past, past perfect The phu djnh: S + will/shall + not + have + V-3/ed A Cong thijc The khang djnh: S + had + been + V - ing The nghi van: Had + S + been + V - ing? The phii djnh: S + had + not + been + V - ing B Cach diing Dicn ta mot hiinh d()ng bat dau truvc mot thoi diem qua khii- va ticp tuc cho to'i thoi diem do, hoac cham diit truoc thoi diem Eg: He had been working here for two years when he decided to retire: Cho den quyet djnh nghi huu, da lam viec a day hai nam 0: - After + past perfect, simple past The past perfect continuous (Thi qua khii- hoanh ticp dien) - B Cach dung B Cach dung - Dien ta hanh dong se duoc hoan truoc so voi mot hanh dong khac bat dau Eg: By the time he phones, I w i l l have gone out: T o i se di ngoai truoc dien thoai - Dien ta hanh dong hoiin truoc mot thoi gian nhat djnh tuong lai Eg: By the end o f this month, they w i l l have finished their Englisii course: Ho se hoan khoa hoc Tieng Anh truoc cuoi thang ^lu- y: By the time + thi hicn tai don + thi tuong lai hoan By the end of (this month, this year, ) + thi tuong lai hoan 31 Giai nhanh CDBTTN Anfi V5n - Mgo van^MTnTT ^ Dang bj dpng cua mot so mau cau: c A u Bi D O N G ( P A S S I V E V O I C K ) * + Chu dong (active): S + modals + V-hare inf + O Hinh thuc ciia mpt cau bj dpng (Passive) dugc ciiuyen thS tir cau cliu dong (Active)] Bj dpng (passive): S (O) + modals + be + V-3/ed Eg: They w i l l help h e r - > • She w i l l be helped \ n,,! ' + Diing "It" lam chu ngS (menh de lam tan ngir v i n dugc giir nguyen) Active (Chii dong) V -3/ed Passive ( B j dong) (by + O) Eg: They said that she is a white woman j —• It is said that she is a white woman ; * Dimg cau true bi dong v&i dong tir nguyen mdu Neu hanh dpng menh de lam tan ngir xay truac hanh dpng cua m?nh de chinh, chung ta diingperfect infinitive (to have+ V-3/ed) Tir cau true tren ta c6 the thay rang: + Chii ngiJ cau chii dong se lam tan ngir cau bj dong j Eg: They said that she had saved the man + Tan ngir cau chu dong se lam chu ngir cau chu dong + ( —, —»• She was said to have saved the man Dong tir thuong cau chu dong luon luon a trang thai qua khir phan tir | CAU T U C N G THUAr (REPORTED SPEECH) ; cau bj dong + Trong cau bj dpng thi dong tir "to be" luon dugc sir dyng, tiiy thuoc ciiu bj dong dang a thi nao, chiing ta sir dung dong tir "to be" theo dang dung cua no Eg: They painted tlie house: Hp da son ngoi niia \ Eg: He said that she was a successful woman —»• The iiouse was painted by them: Ngoi nha da dugc son boi hp ( + a Thi l i i f n tai don: S + be (is/tini/arc) + V-3/ed + Eg: They clean the floor every day - * require; ) The floor is cleaned every day b Thi hien tai tiep dien: 5" + he (is/iini/are) + being + V-S/ecl + Eg: He said; " I am a writer." Eg: She is watching a f i l m —> A tllm is being watched by her —• He said that he was a writer J ' b Bo ddu " " "that" (that c6 the dugc luge ho vd bo dau ngogc kep) •1 Eg: She has just finished her homework c Chuyen doi cac dgi tir nhdn ximg vd tinh tir sa huu cho phii hgp vai ngir cdnh cau gian tic'p —»I Icr homework has just been finished by her d Thi qua khi'r don: 5" + was/were + V-3/ed + Eg: M a i and Tuan said; "We have been here." Eg: I wrote this book —> —* M a i and Tuan said they had been there This book was written by me e Thi qua khir tiep dien: 5" + was/were + being + V-3/ed + fjj-y'jrt kl nUii - Eg: They were preparing dinner.—> Dinner was being prepared by them ., f Tlii qua khir hoan thanh: S + had + been + V-3/ed + ,, • Eg: They had done homework before going to school Homework had been done before they went to school I K h i muon chuyen doi mpt cau tr\rc tiep sang cau gian tiep ta can phai: cac dong tir tuang thugt khac cho phu hap vai cau tuang thugt (ask; wonder; c Thi hien tai iioan thanh: S + liave/has + been + V-3/ed + , j a Giir nguyen dpng tir tuang thugt "say" hogc doi "say to " sang "tell" hogc ^ Dsing bj dong cua cac thi: ifi C a u tuong thuat (cau gian tiep) la cau thuat lai nhung loi noi tryc tiep mot nguoi khac phat bieu %A'\\\i\X(m%\a.\&o\y.S + will/sh(dl + he + V-3/ed+ Direct speech , nrjitfa K) fJ{! i,«rifejnt?>>B •• > bhii * Eg: They w i l l visit me next week: —> I w i l l be visited next week h Thi tuang lai hoan thanh: S + will/xball + have been + V-3/ed + Reported speech Simple present Present continuous Past simple -* Past continuous Present perfect Past perfect Simple past Past perfect Past continuous Past perfect continuous Present perfect continuous —y Past perfect continuous Eg: They w i l l have answered this question by the time you come here —• This question w i l l have been answered by the time you come here 33 32 Cty TNHH MTV DVVH Khang Vi?t e Phdi chuydn ciSi cac tic chi vj tri, nai chon va thai gjcm theo guy luat saii: tomorrow —> —»that this the next day tliese —• those the following day there the day after here yesterday —> the previous day then now the day before —> before ago today —»that day tonight —> that night next week —» the following week last week the previous week Eg: I said to the boy: "Keep silent." I asked the boy to keep silent Neu cau true tiep la mgt menh l^nh phii djnh, ta dung NOT truoc dong tu nguyen mlu a cau gian tiep He said to me: "Don't open this door." He told me not to open that door CAU D l f i U K I E N ( C O N D I T I O N A L SENTENCES) + Cau dieu kien loai I the week before , ,, Cau dieu kien loai I dien ta hanh dgng hay su vi$c c6 the xay tuong lai / Cac dgng tic khiem khuyel dicac thay doi theo quy luat: hoac hien tai should —»^ should —» would will may —> might needn't —> didn't have to can must - + could —>• had to Chi'i y: Khi dong tic tuang thudt (say, tell ) a thi hi^n tgi dan, chiing ta khony, can phdi thicc hi^n theo quy luat sic hoa hap cua dong tir nhic tren Eg: He says; " I am a teacher." He says that he is a teacher Chung ta khong can tuan theo quy luat sir hoa hgp ciia dOng tij nhu tren can trirc ti^p phat bieu la mot svr kien hien nhien Eg: They said; "The earth goes round the sun." They said that the earth goes round the sun g Klii iiiuon ddi cdu tncc tiep Id mot cau hoi sang cau gidn tiep, chiing ta can phdi: - Thuc hi^n cac quy luat hoa hgp ciia dpng tir cung nhir chuyen doi cac dai tii nhan xung, tinh tir so hUu va cac tir chi nai chon, thai gian nhu doi cau true tilp sang cau gian tiep - Doi dong tir tuang thuat "say, tell" sang "ask, require" hoac "wonder" - Dung "whether" hay " i f de bk dau cau gian tiep cau hoi tryc tiep khong bat dau b5ng tir de hoi Va tir "that" cung dugc luge bo Eg: They said; "Does she swim well?" They asked me if she swam well - Khi cau true tiep la mot cau hoi c6 tir de hoi nhu: what, why, how, chunti ta sir dung lai tu de hoi ay va ci.uyen cau hoi true tiep sang cau :',ian tiep a dang cau khang dinh va tat iihien dau cham hoi (?) cung dur/c luge bo Eg: He said to me; "What did you yesterday?" ^.^^^^^ She asked me what had done the day before h Cdu tn^nh l^nh: Khi doi mot cdu noi tntc tiep a dang m^nh lenh, ta cdn phdi: - D6i cac dgng tir i-bng thuat say hoac tell tlianh ask, command, request, order, - Dgng tu a m?nh de each •;au true tiep dugc doi dgng tir nguyen mau a cau gian tiep 34 • Cau true: ', If-clause (simple present), main- clause ( simple future) Eg: I f she does not study harder, I will give her bad marks: Neu c6 ta khong hgc hanh cham chi hon thi toi se cho c6 ta diem xau + Cau dieu kien loai I I Cau dieu kien loai II dien ta hanh dgng hay su vice trai vai thuc xk a hien tai Cau true: If- clause (simple past), main-clause (S+ would/could+ V-bare inO Chii y: menh de If-clause, neu chung ta sir dyng dgng tu to be thi Were dugc dung cho tat ca cac ngoi Eg: I f they had a map, they would know how to get there: NIU hg c6 mgt cai ban thi hg se biet di den nhu the nao (th^rc te la hg khong c6 ban d6) Eg: If he were them, he would answer the question: Neu anh ay la hg thi anh ky se tra lai cau hoi (thuc te anh ay khong phai la hg) + Cau dieu kien loai III Dien ta hanh dgng hay sir viec khong CO thuc qua khu Cau true: If- clause (past perfect), main- clause (S+ would/could + have+ V-3/ed) Eg: If you had hurried, you wouldn't have missed the bus: Neu ban nhanh chan thi ban da khong la chuyen xe buyt Mgt s6 cdch dien dat dac bict khdc cua cau dieu ki?n Unless = if not: trir phi, neu khong thi ^ h u y: Vi unless = if not nen menh de dung unless luon o the kh^ng djnh Eg: Unless you study harder, you won't pass the final exam = I f you don't study harder, you won't pass the final exam: Neu cac em khong hgc hanh cham chi hon thi cac em se khong vugl qua ky thi cu6i cung '^5 Gial nhanh CDBT TN Anh VSn - NgO VSn MlnF Without (Neu khong) = If not Eg: Without the message, we couldn't have known what to do: Neu khong c6 tin nhan thi chung toi da khong biet lam g i S + wish + S + had + V3/ed: dien ta dieu trai v o i tiiuc tc qua klu'r Eg: They wish they had bought a car last year: Hp uoc gi ho da mua mot chiec 5t6namngoai USED T O (Da timg) But for (Neu khong co/Neu khong vi) Used to + V-bare infinitive de dien ta thoi qucn qua klu'r Eg: But for your presence, she would have been happy: Neu khong phai la sii CO mat cua ban thi c6 ay da vui ve roi Cong thiic: " The khang dinh: S + used to + V-bare infinitive Provided (that)/ Providing (that): Mien la The phii djnh: S + didn't + use to + V-bare infinitive Eg: Provided that she speaks English well, we w i l l accept her: Mien la c6 ta noi tieng A n h gioi thi chung toi se nhan co ta I f only ( G i a ma) + simple past: dicn ta dicu khong co thuc 6' hien tai Eg: I f only I were there: The nghi van: Did + S + use to + V-barc infinitive? Eg: used to believe him: Toi da tung tin tuang Gia ma toi co mat I f only (Gia mii) + past perfect: dien ta dieu khong co thirc qua kliir i i > She didn't use to smoke: Truoc day co ta cluia bao gia hut thuoc • r Did you use to snK-)ke? Truoc day ban da tirng hut thuoc? ' Ngoai chung ta dung cac cau true sau de dicn ta mot thoi quen iiay mot suthich nghi a hien tai Eg: I f only she had been here last night: Gia ma toi hom qua co ay co mat a day To be used to = Get used to = to be accustomed to + noun/v-ing If it hadn't been for + noun (Neu khong phai), S + would/could (not) + have+ V-ed/pp Eg: am not used to eating the food: Toi khong quen an loai thuc an M A O Ta Eg: I f it hadn't been for the lamb, I would have seen nothing: Neu khong co cai den thi toi da khong nhin thay gi E v e n if (Ngay ca) duoc diing de chi sir tuong phan Eg: Even i f I am a blind, I w i l l live on my salary: Ngay ca bj mu, toi cung song dua vao dong luang cua toi Had + S + V-3/ed, S + could/would + have + V-3/cd (can dicu kien loai I I I khong co if) Eg: Had they watered tlic rose, it wouldn't have died: Neu ho tuai nuac cho cay hoa hong thi no da khong chet C A U D I E N D A T VOl W I S H (AIVI'ICLH) a Mao tu xac djnh (Definite article) - The "The" duoc diing truoc danh tu chi nguoi hay \ a t da duoc xiic djnh Eg: l i e is speaking to the woman: Anh ta dang noi chuyen voi nguoi phu nCr (Ca nguoi noi Ian nguoi nghe deu da biet nguai plui nu do.) "Tiie" dung tniiVc tinli tu de tao danh tu mang y ngliTa chung chung Eg: The rich can buy this building: Nguoi giau ccS the mua ngoi nha "The" dung truoc ten song, kenh, kenh dao, eo bicn, thac nuoc va khu rung Eg: The Nile: song Nin; the Pacific Ocean:Thai Binli Du'o'ng "The" diing truoc danh tu mang y nghTa nhat S + wish + S + could/would + V-bare infinitive + : dien dat mot uac muon hoac mpt dieu gi khong co that tuang lai Eg: The moon: mat trang, the sun: mat trai, the earth: trai dat "The" Eg: He wishes she would leave the room: Anh ta u6c gi co ta se roi khoi can piiong S + wish (that) + simple past: dien dat dieu trai v o i thuc te hien tai C h i i y: neu dung dpng t u tobe, ta dijng were cho tat ca cac ngoi Eg: I wish I knew who they are: Uac gi toi biet hp la I wish I were you: U'oc gi toi la ban luon luon dung truoc "same" Eg: We got there at the same time: Chiing toi den cung mot luc "The" ,,.^1;^, ,, luon duoc s u dung truoc tinh tu so sanh cue cap Eg: Thh is the largest city in the countr>': Da>' la km nhat ca nuac "The" luon duoc su dung truoc cac so tliu tu 37 Eg: This is the i l r s t time I have ever visited the couiitr_>: [Jay la dau tien toi den tham v i l n g dat nuoc "The" luon duoc sir dung truoc cac buoi Ngoai trii': at night (ban dem) ^ao So thuong theo sau dau phky (comma) va dong thai no c6 chuc nang gioi thieu menh de t h u h a i Eg: They didn't tell the truth, so they were punished + Therefore c6 ngliTa tuong t u nhu So N o c6 the diing de thay the So Tuy iihieii, Therefore thuong b5t dau cho cau hoac m?nh de t h u hai hoac no c6 the Eg: in the morning (buoi sang); in the afternoon (bu6i chieu); in the evening (buoi chieu toi) dirng sau t r g dong tir thir nhat , , ,„ Eg: It rained heavily Therefore she stayed at home C a c nuoc co hinh thiic so nhieu hoac duoc tao boi cac tieu bang hoac c6 " o f theo sau thi chiing ta dung "the" Eg: The United States (Hoa K y ) , The People's Republic o f China (Nuoc cong + Eg: She told the truth, but they didn't believe her + hoa Nhan dan Trung Hoa) "The" duoc sir dung d i chi: The North Pole (BSc cue), The South Pole ( Nam cue) But (Nhung ma) diing de noi hai menh de doc lap de dien ta y trai ngugc But thuong theo sau dau phay (comma) However (Tuy vay) diing de noi len su tuang phan However c6 the dung dau cau, giiJa cau hoac cuoi cau Dirng truoc However la dau cham va dirng sau However la dau phay va ngucrc lai Eg: The house is small However, we like it b Mao tir bat djnh (Indefinite article): A / A n A / A n diing truoc danh tir dem duoc so it va danh tir khong xac djnh rd rang Sentence and clause connectors (Tir noi cau va tir noi menh de) Chiic nang D i l n ta y bo sung Tir noi cau Tir noi menh de Furthermore, And moreover, in addition Eg: a man (mot nguoi dan ong), a pen (mot cay but muc) Dien ta y trai ngugc on the other An truoc mot danh tir bat dau bang mot nguyen am (u, e, o, a, i) however, in contrast Eg: Although i t ' s dark, she's reading a book COMPARISONS (SO S A N H ) A duoc diing truoc mot danh tir bilt dau bSng mot phu am Eg: a garden (mot khii vuon), a party (mot bua tiec) A / A n duoc diing cac tii" ngu' chi don vj luong though, So sanh ngang bang As + adj/ adv + as hoac Not so/as + adj/ adv + as Eg: M y house is as beautiful as yours Eg: A kilo o f sugar (mot ki 16 duong), a bar o f chocolate (mot so c6 la) A / A n duoc diing voi danh tii' chi nghe nghiep He doesn't play as well as you So sanh han Eg: a worker (mot nguoi cong nhan), an engineer (mot ky su) Short A d j / Adv + E R + T H A N M O R E + long A d j / Adv + T H A N T a khong diing A/An de csip den chux: vu ciia mot t6 chuc hay mot cong dong nguoi ma chuc vu ay mang tinh nhat Eg: She is the general director o f the company: Ba ay la tong giam d6c ciia C O N N E C T I N G ADVERBS So, But, However va Therefore + So (Vi vay, cho ncn, vi the, vay nen) dung de n6i hai menh de N o c6 y thong bao cho nguoi nghe ve ket qua, hau qua, ket luan hay mot sir anh huong 38 Eg: The man is shorter than the boy He drives more carefully than your brother So sanh bac nhat cong ty even while, whereas Ngoai til': a university, a one-eyed man, an hour Eg: an orange (mot trai cam), an umbrella (mot cai 6) But, yet, although, hand, T H E + short A d j / Adv + E S T T H E M O S T + A d j / Adv Eg: He is the tallest boy in this class It is the most interesting book that I have ever read though, So sanh kep (Cang cang ; Moi liic m6t hon ) offer refuse start wish seem plan manage attempt claim Eg: He promised to help me: Anh ta da short adj- er + and + adj- er Eg: It gets darker and darker more and more + adj V E R B S + OBJECTIVE + To- Eg: The lesson becomes more and more difficult less and less + adj: Cang cang ft Cang prepare prefer intend hua giup d© ; cang kcm Eg: The film becomes less and less interesting The + short adj- er , the short adj- er: Cang thi cang Eg: The darker it gets, the colder it is The more + adj , the more + adj : Cang thi cang try pretend strive toi want mean propose infinitive advise allow beg force imagine permit encourage consider forbid command get assume lead ask tell prefer challenge order mean observe guess persuade love invite intend compel expect suspect urge want wish tempt cause trust warn • Eg: They advised him to take part in the game: Ho da khuyen tham gi Eg: The more difficult question is, the more intelligent she is The more , the more tro choi : Cang thi cang V E R B S + GERUND (V-ing) Eg: The more we have, the more we want The less + adj , the less + adj : Cang it thi cang it Eg: The less difficult exercises are, the less studious they are The less , the less : Cang it thi cang it Eg: The less we work, the less we have MOT admit finish avoid appreciate begin deny enjoy escape mention prefer ' ' quit risk mind postpone miss resist resume suggest report recollect delay practise recall hate Eg: They advoided meeting her: Ho tranh gap c6 ay S6 T I N H T L / V A T R A N G T l / MOT S O DIEN N G O ,nf't HlNM ' J ' H L / C S O S A N H B A T Q U Y T A C CO Adj/Adv Comparative superlative good/well better the best bad/badly worse the worst many/much more the most little less the least far farther/further the farthest/the furthest V E R B S + To- T H E O S A U C H U N G L U O N L A V- '111 it is no use it is worth it is worthless there is no point can't bear can't help can't face feel like can't stand Eg: I can't stand working here: Toi khong the chju dung lam viec a day nira V E R B S + To- infinitive OR V E R B S + G E R U N D R E G R E T + V-ing: Tiec da lam gi (1) infinitive R E G R E T + V- to infinitive: Lay lam tiec lam dieu gi (2) agree threaten demand tend swear promise arrange decide need desire choose continue e.xpect forget fail ask begin hesitate neglect learn love mean hope determine Eg: regretted having given you the message: Toi lay lam tiec vl da dua cho b^n tin nhSn (1) ' , Eg: I regret to tell you that they don't accept you: Toi rat tiec phai noi v6i b^n rhng hp khong chSp nhan ban (2) 41 R E M E M B E R + V- to infinitive: Nho" de lam gi (1) R E M E M B E R + V-ing: Nha da lam gi roi (2) ~ Chu y: REMEMBER dirge dung thi tuang lai dcm hoac no bat dSu mot cau (cau menh Idnh) thi dong tir theo sau REMEMBER bao giof cung c6 hinh thiic Vto inf Eg: She will remember to arrive at the airport on time: Co ta se nha den san bay dung gio (1) Subject - Verb Agreement (Su- hoa hop giua chu ngir va dong tir) Neither + Sl +nor + S2 + V2: Khong ma cQng khong (1) Tither + Sl + o r + S2 + V2: Hoac hoac (2) Islot only + SI + but also + S2 + V2 (3) A number of + danh tir so nhieu + dong tir so nhieu (4) The number of + danh tii so nhieu + dong tir so it (5) Eg: I remember meeting you: Toi nha la da gap ban truac day roi (2) STOP + V- to infinitive: dirng lai de lam viec gi (1) "S^l + with + S2 + V I (6) SI + together with + S2 + V I (7) STOP + V- ing: dung lam vice gi (2) "Sl + along with + S2 + V I (8) Eg: stopped the speech to listen to him: Toi diing bai dien van de lang nghe (1) "si + as well as + S2 + V I (9) Eg: He stopped talking when I came: Anh ta ngung noi chuyen toi den.(2) T R Y + V- to infinitive: c6 gang de lam gi (1) Ghi chu: V1/V2 c6 ngiiTa dong tu chia theo chu ngCr s6 hoac chu ngir so i Eg: Neither Tom nor his friends have been here (1) Eg: Either Mai or her parents come here everyday (2) ^ Eg: He always tries to study: Anh ta luon c6 gang hoc hanh (1) Eg: Not only the workers but also the director works hard (3) Eg: A number of workers here are 35 (4) Eg: The number of students in the class is 30 (5) Eg: She tried wearing the glasses: Co ay da mang thijr cai ki'nh (2) Eg: John as well as his daughters is good at Japanese (9) T R Y + V- ing: thir xem, thi nghiem (2) V E R B S + V-ing/ Objective + T o - infinitive Allow, Recommend, Permit, advise, encourage + V-ing (1) Allow, Recommend, Permit, advise, encourage + Obj + To -infi (2) Eg: Her parents don't allow her to go out late at night: Bo me c6 ay khong cho phep CO ay di chai muon vao ban dem (1) Eg: She isn't allowed going out late at night: Co ay khong dugc phep di chai mugn vao ban dem (2) V E R B S + Obj + V- bare infinitive Let + sb sth: De cho lam gi (1) Make + sb + + sth: Khien c6 hanh dong gi (2) Have + sb + + sth: Nhcc lam gi (3) Eg: They let me housework: Hg de toi lam vi^c nha (1) Eg: Her story makes me cry: Cau chuyen ciia c6 ta khien toi khoc (2) Eg: I have my wife correct the sentence: Toi nha vg toi sua cau (3) :^ DAO N G O Neu no sooner, hardly, scarely, seldom, never, only, not only, not until dirng dau cau thi hien tugng dao ngu- xay Eg: Never does my wife drink coffee ' MODAL V E R B S + May va Might ( c6 le) du'gc dung de chi dieu gi khong ch§c chin hay sir tiendoan • Eg: She may stay at home = Perhaps she will stay at home + Must (Phai), chi bon phan hay sir bSt bugc a hien tai hoac tuong lai Must Stand here until I come back: Hay dung day cho den nao t o i t r a lai (Correct) Adverbial clauses of manner (Menh de trang ngu- chi the each) As/ As if/ As though ( N h a the la) dung voi thi hien tai hoac tuong lai de dien ta viec nguoi noi c6 the xay a hien tai hoac tuang lai Eg: It looks as i f it's going to rain: Trai nhu sap mua As if/ As though (Nhu- the la) dung were hoac thi qua khir don de dien ta viec ngvtb'i noi la khong c6 that hoac kho tin 6" hien tai Eg: They loook as i f tliey knew you: Trong nhu the ho biet anh As if/ As though (Nhu- the la) dung voi thi qua khur hoan make an impression make a loss make a complaint make arrangements make preparation make a concession make a cancellation make progress make a quarrel make a speech make noise make sentence make a cake make money make some coffee make an announcement make a decision make a list make a promise make friends make attempt make agreement make a discovery make sure make a list make a cake de d i l n ta di6u nguoi noi la khong c6 thuc hoac kho tin o^ qua khir Ex: She loooked as i f she had lived in the building: Co ta nhu da song B R I N G AND T A K E Bring c6 nghTa la mang cai gi t u dau den noi C a c d i e n ngOr duTdc t a o t h a n h v i tu* B r i n g MAKE AND DO (Make v a Do) + Make mang y ngliTa la tao nen moi cai gi Them vao do, Make thuong dung truac nhirng bo ngiJ c6 nguon goc tir dong tir Eg: Make a decision (to decide: quyet djnh) + Do mang y nghTa la van dung hay thao tac vao cai gi c6 san Them vao Do thuong dung truoc nhij-ng bo ngiJ chi ve cong vi^c Eg: D o housework: lam vi^c nha Mot s o d i e n n g i J diidc t a o t h a n h tu" D o a good j o b crossword puzzles something/anything/nothing homework work a favour the dishes the laundry ' Take c6 nghTa la mang cai gi t u noi day tai nai khac toa nha roi a paper ' bring about : gay bring up : n u o i duong bring something to light : kham pha, dem cai gi anh sang bring to an end : chkm dut bring sb o f f : cuu bring sth on : dua den ket qua, gay cai gi bring sth up : luu y den cai g i , neu cai gi bring sb to sth : dua len (mot cap hoac chuan myc C a c d i e n ngu* du'cfc t a o t h a n h v i tu" T a k e take after :gi6ng,yh?t an assignment take advantage o f : tan dyng, Igi dyng research take account o f : xem xet, quan tam housework take away : di chuyen take back : riit l ^ i ( l a i noi) C a c d i e n ngu* di/cTc t a o t h a n h tu' M a k e make the bed make a phone call make possible for make an offer make a mistake make an application make the team make a choice make an appointment make an effort make a profit make a request take down * : dai di take in : cho a trp take into accourt : xem xet, de y tai take o f f : cai, iQt, cat canh (may bay) take oneself off : bo tr6n take on : dam trach take out : loai khoi, rut 47 46 Giai nhanh CDBT TN AnTrwn-=-TTgCT-T/aii [viiim- take take take take up up with place over • ' l a m thich, bao trg : giao du voi : xay : n5m quyen • F , C h u n g t a p h a i d u n g " t h a t " t r o n g c a c tru'dng h d p s a u : NC'U chii ngu- can duoc thay the cau thu- liai la mot Iioii hop til- khong cung loai, tinh chsit , )„^p> R E L A T I V E CLAUSES (MENH O E L I E N HE) Eg: She is looking at the cat and the girl You are drawing them She is looking at the cat and the girl that you are drawing + Menh de lien h? hit dau b2ng "Who" 'Who" dung d£ thay the cho ngiroi va lam chiic nang chu ngfr Sau tinh tiicuc cap va cac cum tir nhu-: the first, the last, the only, Eg: She is the most beautiful that I have ever met Eg: The man is from Viet Nam He is good at English -> That man who is good at English is from Viet Nam Sau cac dai tir bat djnh nhu: all, anything, nobody, nothing, little Eg: They did anything that I wanted ("who" thay th§ cho "he"nen "who" lam chuc nang chu ngO.) Chung t a khong dung " t h a t " c a c trUdng hdp s a u : + Menh de lien he b5t dau hkng "Whom" "Whom" dung d l thay the cho nguoi va lam chifc nang tan ngfr Eg: The people died of heart disease met them last year Dai tit lien he c6 gioi tit di truoc Eg: He is the man to whom I spoke last night (chung ta khong duoc thay whom b5ng that vi c6 gioi tu to dung truoc) -> The people whom I met last year died of heart disease ("whom" thay thk "them" nen no lam chuc nang tan ngiJ.) + Menh de lien h | bat dau hang "Which" 'Which" dung de thay the cho vat No lam chuc nang chu ngir hoac tan ngfr Eg: The house is very large ! bought it last week -> The house which I bought last week is very large (which thay the cho it nen no lam chuc nang tan ngu) Eg: The room looks very old It hasn't been painted for years The room which hasn't been painted for years looks very old (which thay the cho "it" nen no lam chuc nang chu ngu.) RELATIVE CLAUSE Eg: I know the writer His books are good —> know'the writer whose books are good, (whose thay the cho "his") + Menh de lien h? bat dau bSng "That' "That" CO the duoc dung de thay the "who, whom, which" Ex: Here is the book It is written in Japanese —• Here is the book that is written in Japanese ' ^A^.^^u (Restrictive and non-restrictive) ' ' ' nii a Menh de lien he khong gioi han (Non - restrictive clause) Menii de lien he khong giai han duoc dung voi tat ca dai tir lien h?, trir That Menh de duoc xem nhu mot I6i noi them hay mot su giai thich them, no dugc dat giua hai dau phay "," hoac c6 giua hai dau gach ngang Eg: The president, whom you met last night, is from Vietnam , b Menh de lien h^ gioi han (Restrictive clause) Menh de lien he gioi han duoc diing voi tat ca cac dai tir lien he No dong mot vai tro quaii trong bo phaii cua cau Neu khong c6 no, cau c6 t h i khong c6 y nghla Eg: The computer which I bought yesterday is made from Japan ^ + Menh de lien he b5t dau bSng "Whose" "Whose" dung d l thay the cho tinh tir sff huru — MOT SO CAU T R U C CAN PHAI GHI N H d ^irT too + adj/adv + (for sb) + V-to i n f qua ^ »fe den noi khong the enough + noun + to-inf co du cai gi d l lam cai gi enough + noun + for something: c6 du cai gi cho cai gi adjVadv + enough + (for sb) + V-to inf ' > ' ^ S + would rather + V- bare inf + than + V- bare i n f thich cai gi han cai gi S1 + would rather + S2 + simple past + (than + simple past) S + suggest + V-ing: de nghj lam vi?c gi (nguoi noi c6 tham gia hanh dong) S1 + suggest + S2 + (should) + V- bare infinitive: de nghi nguoi nao '^ITI di6u gi 49 Every ( + danh tir so it, every one, everything), some ( + danh tir s6 it, some one, something), all + dong tit so it N h u n g : all + danh tiJ so nhi^ii + dong tur s6 nhieu 10 K h i mpt danh tir so nhieu dung sau any of, either of, neither of, none of, chi'ing ta CO t h i diing dong tir so it hoac so nhieu give up (v) : tir bo get rid o f (v) : tir bo turn up ( v ) : den, c6 mat turn out ( v ) : tat (den hoac lira) turn on (v) : bat, mo (may moc) 11 S1 + had + no sooner + V-3/ed + than + S2 + V-2/ed turn o f f (v) : tat (may moc) ] S1 + had + hardly + V - 3/ed + when +S2 + V-2/ed turn down (v) : van nho (am thanh) 13 have/ get + something + V-3/ed: c6 cai gi dugc lam carry out ( v ) : thirc hien, thyc thi 14 something + need + V-ing: cai gi can du-gc lam (mang ngliTa bj dong) i arrive in ( v ) : den (thanh pho, dat naac) 15 had better + V - bare infinitive: tot han het nen lam g i arrive at ( v ) : den (san ga, phi traang) put off (v) : hoan lai put up ( v ) : dirng len PREPOSITIONS A F T E R VERBS ( G i o i t u ' sau d o n g tir) Mot s o d o n g tu' c gidi tu* t h e o s a u Mot s o c u m tu" q u e n t h u o c : V + O + p r e p o s i t i o n '(vv«h prevent sb from doing sth ( v ) ; ngan chan lam dieu gi concentrate on (v) : tap trung vao, chu y vao stop sb from doing sth (v) : ngan can lam dieu gi V' focus on (v) : chu y vao, cham vao accuse sb o f doing sth (v) : to cao lam dieu gi |fi insist on (v) : khang khang, doi cho bang dugc blame sb for doing sth (v) : khien trach lam dieu gi complain about ( v ) : plian nan ve dieu gi provide sb with sth (v) : cung cap cho cai gi worry about (v) : lo king ve cai gi accustom onself/sb to sth (v) : tir lam cho minh quen vai cai gi Wtm rely on (v) : dira vao, thugc, l | thuoc apologise to sb for doing sth (v) : xin loi ve 6'\ku g i depend on ( v ) : thuQc vao, dira vao introduce sb to sb ( v ) : gioi thi?u v a i consist o f (v) : bao gom complain to sb about sth (v) : phan nan voi ve dieu gi cover with (v) : bao quanh, bao phu protect sb from sth (v) : bao v^ khoi cai gi account for (v) :giaithich approve o f (v) : tan agree with (sb) (v) : dong y voi belong to ( v ) : thugc ve (quyen sof hiru) believe in sb (v) : tin vao break down (v) : hong (may) break into (v) : dot nhap vao break in (v) : ngat lai break o f f (v) : thao rai break out (v) : khoi phat bat ngo, tron thoat (bSng vu l y c ) break up (v) :giai tan build up (v) : tich luy call on (v) : ghe tham, tham vieng call up ( v ) : ggi di?n catch up with (v) : theo kjp, duoi kjp 9vhu 'tt t)i$ifs; P h r a s a l v e r b s w i t h G e t ( C u m d o n g tu* di v i G e t ) get at : toi dirge get over : binh phuc, hoi phuc get on : len (tau, xe, ) get on (well) with somebody : hoa thuan v d i get in : trung cir, dugc hau get o f f : xuong xe, thoat toi get up : tlu'rc day get on : tien bo get along :hoa thuan get away : tranh khoi, thoat khoi get back away : tra thu get by : vu-gl qua dugc get down to : bat dau lam vi$c gi get on/along with (v) : hoa thuan