DIEU HOA
THAN NHIET
Trang 2Oral °F °C Rectal 104-|- 40 a Hard exercise 102-| 39 | - Emotion or
Hard work, emotion WL 38 moderate exercise A few normal adults 100- A few normal adults
Many active children : ~ Many active children Usual range | 'lÏF37 | Usual range
of normal) 98-)_ - of normal
` —IÌ— 36
Early moming | 96- : Early morning
Cold weather, etc * ' Cold weather, etc
Figure 73-1
Estimated range of body “core” temperature in normal people
Trang 4QUÁ TRÌNH SINH NHIỆT
-Chuyền hóa cơ sở
° Vác động động lực đặc hiệu của thức ăn
Su co co
Trang 5QUA TRINH THAI NHIET
° Thải nhiệt bằng cách truyền nhiệt:
v Truyền nhiệt bức xa
{Truyền nhiệt trực tiếp
v Truyền nhiệt đổi lưu
Trang 7PHAN XA DIEU NHIET
CO CHE CHONG NONG
¢Gian mach mau da
-D6 mo hoi
¢Giam tao nhiet:
Trang 8Vasodilated _, 8 - oe Vasoconstricted Heat conductance through skin (times the vasoconstricted rate) 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 12 Environmental temperature (°F) Figure 73-3
Effect of changes in the environmental temperature on heat con-
Trang 9TM) nhện ni Deamon Aprons ae Re * M8 E — oO g œ Ww Ỳ Nà Nà VÀNG VN sào k Tat NGHIÊN Nà 2 oO a vy Sympathetic nerve we Pts Cece mm yÝ ost aes # petal oe 22/711: nợ aie ta
Sweat gland innervated by an acetylcholine-secreting sympa-
thetic nerve A primary protein-free secretion is formed by the glandular portion, but most of the electrolytes are reabsorbed in the duct, leaving a dilute, watery secretion
Xu
Trang 10PHAN XA DIEU NHIET
CO CHE CHONG LẠNH
Trang 11Body temperature (°F) © oO I 80 = f0 60 L| Ỉ LJ I t I t 30 50 70 90 110 130 150 170 Atmospheric temperature (°F) Figure 73-6
Effect of high and low atmospheric temperatures of several hours’
duration on the internal body “core” temperature Note that the
Trang 1290 ——— Heat production 80 ¬ ==== Lvaporative heat loss 70 ¬ 60 ¬ 90 ¬ 40 3 30 ¬ Calories per second 20 ¬ 10 ¬ 0 tT t t I L] 36.4 366 368 370 37.2 3/4 37.6 Head temperature (°C) Figure 73-7
Effect of hypothalamic temperature on evaporative heat loss from the body and on heat production caused primarily by muscle activity and shivering This figure demonstrates the extremely crit-
ical temperature level at which increased heat loss begins and
Trang 1390 ¬ 80 - ể 33°C 70 39°C to 60 ¬ Skin temperature 50 ¬ ⁄ Evaporative heat loss (calories/second) Sweating 32°C 40- a4 305 30°C 0= : Set-point 29°C 10-4 Insensible evaporation 0 Ỹ I t t i Ỹ i 36.0 36.2 36.4 36.6 36.8 37.0 37.2 37.4 Internal head temperature (°C) Figure 73-8
Trang 14Skin temperature (20°) 90 = † 80 3 7Ù" Shivering a 60 ¬ Heat production (calories/second) Set-point Basal heat production 10 5 0 ĩ i t ĩ Ĩ q 36.6 36.8 37.0 37.2 37.4 37.6 Internal head temperature (°C) Figure 73-9
Effect of changes in the internal head temperature on the rate of
heat production by the body Note that the skin temperature
Trang 15Temperature regulation seriously impaired Temperature regulation efficient in febrile disease, health, and work Temperature regulation impaired Temperature regulation lost Figure 73-10 4 A < -lIÏF 110- pa (4064/54 — =40 102¬ÍF _— L 38 v8 [H36 94/7 “I-34 90-||- 32 86-|- 30 82-|-28 78-26 “II 74124 Upper limit of survival? Heatstroke Brain lesions Fever therapy Febrile disease and hard exercise Usual range of normal Lower limit of survival?
Body temperatures under different conditions (Redrawn from:
Trang 16Set-point