Tài liệu ôn thi THPT Quốc gia môn Tiếng Anh 2016 cực hay (Phần 2: Các vấn đề vể động từ trong Tiếng Anh)

1 Moon.vn Cơ VŨ MAI PHƢƠNG – KHĨA NGỮ PHÁP ĐỘNG TỪ (P1) HIỆN TẠI TIẾP DIỄN I Tóm tắt giảng  Giới thiệu Có 12 Quá khứ Hiện Tương lai Đơn Quá khứ đơn Hiện đơn Tương lai đơn Tiếp diễn Quá khứ tiếp diễn Hiện tiếp diễn Tương lai tiếp diễn Hoàn thành Quá khứ hoàn thành Hiện hoàn thành Tương lai hoàn thành Hoàn thành tiếp diễn Quá khứ hoàn thành Hiện hoàn thành Tương lai hoàn thành tiếp diễn tiếp diễn tiếp diễn - Tương lai gần - Câu bị động câu chủ động (Passive & active sentences) - Động từ khuyết thiếu (Modal verbs) - Câu dự đoán (Prediction sentences) - Dạng giả định (Subjunctive) - Một vài dạng đặc biệt động từ: to be + to + verb Thì tiếp diễn: 1.1 Cấu trúc: - Khẳng định: S + be (am / is / are) + V-ing (I + am; he / she / it + is ; you / we / they + are) - Phủ định: S + am not / is not = isn't / are not = aren't + V-ing - Câu hỏi khẳng định: Am / Is / Are + S + V-ing? - Câu hỏi phủ định: Am + I + not + V-ing? Aren't + I + V-ing? (dạng phổ biến hơn) Isn't + he/ she / it + V-ing? Aren't they/ you V-ing? Ví dụ: I am giving a lecture The students are listening to the lecturer Are you working now? Aren't you working now? Why’s he working now? (Tại làm việc ?) Where’re you working now? (Anh làm việc đâu ?) 1.2 Cách viết tả tiếp diễn : A Khi động từ tận e đơn bỏ e trước thêm ing : give  giving, argue  arguing (tranh cãi), use  using, promote  promoting, gaze  gazing (nhìn chằm chằm, nhìn ngây người), observe  observing, stare  staring (nhìn chằm chằm) Ngoại trừ: age (già đi), dye (nhuộm) singe (làm cháy sém)  ageing, dyeing, singeing Và động từ tận ee : agree  agreeing (đồng ý) B Động từ kết thúc phụ âm trước nguyên âm gấp đơi phụ âm cuối trước thêm ing Ví dụ: hit  hitting (đánh), run  running (chạy), stop  stopping (dừng lại), put  putting Động từ có hai âm tiết mà âm tiết thứ kết thúc phụ âm trước nguyên âm , trọng âm rơi vào âm tiết thứ gấp đơi phụ âm cuối trước thêm ing Ví dụ: admit  admitting (thừa nhận) , begin  beginning (bắt đầu), prefer  preferring (thích) Nhưng : budget  budgeting (dự thảo ngân sách), enter  entering (vào) (Trọng âm không âm tiết Moon.vn Hotline: 04.32.99.98.98 Moon.vn Cơ VŨ MAI PHƢƠNG – KHĨA NGỮ PHÁP cuối) Ngoại lệ: signal  signalling (ra dấu), travel  travelling (đi, du hành) 1.3 Các cách dùng tiếp diễn : A Diễn tả hành động xảy thời điểm nói : Thường với trạng từ: now, at the moment, right now, currently, presently, at present, for the time being (lúc này) Ví dụ: It is raining now (Trời mưa) I am not wearing a coat as it isn’t cold (Tơi khơng mặc áo khốc trời khơng lạnh) Why are you sitting at my desk ? (Tại anh ngồi bàn ?) What’s the baby doing at the moment ? – He’s tearing up a £ note (Đứa bé làm lúc ? Nó xé tờ giấy bạc bảng) B Chỉ hành động xảy vào thời điểm nhƣng không cần thiết lúc nói : I am reading a play by Shaw (Dạo đọc kịch Shaw) [không hẳn lúc nói] He is teaching French and learning Greek (Ông ta dạy tiếng Pháp học tiếng Hy Lạp) [khơng hẳn lúc nói] Khi hai tiếp diễn có chủ ngữ liên kết “and” trợ động từ bỏ trước động từ thứ hai ví dụ Điều áp dụng cho tất cặp kép She was knitting and listening to the radio (Cô ta vừa đan vừa nghe radio) C Chỉ đặt tƣơng lai gần I’m meeting Peter tonight He is taking me to the theatre (Tôi sửa gặp Peter tối Anh ta đưa xem hát) Are you doing anything tomorrow afternoon ? – Yes, I’m playing tennis with Ann (Trưa mai anh làm khơng ? – Có, tơi chơi tennis với Ann) We are holding a conferrence next week (Chúng tổ chức hội thảo tuần tới.) Dùng tiếp diễn tương lai để hành động lên kế hoạch từ trước chắn xảy D Các cách dùng khác tiếp diễn Với always : - He is always coming home late (Anh lúc nhà muộn) - She is always losing her keys (Cơ ta ln làm chìa khóa) Chỉ hành động lập lập lại theo thói quen, thường thói quen làm phiền người nói hay người nói cho khơng hợp lý 1/ we + always + tiếp diễn dùng Hành động lặp lại thường có tính ngẫu nhiên : I’m always making that mistake (Tôi luôn phạm lỗi đó) Chỉ hành động mà xuất liên tục : He’s always working = He works the whole time (Anh ta làm việc) Loại hành động thường hay làm phiền người nói khơng thiết phải He’s always reading (Anh ta đọc sách luôn) Câu ngụ ý tốn nhiều thời gian để đọc sách E Những động từ khơng thƣờng dùng tiếp diễn Thì tiếp diễn chủ yếu dùng cho hành động có chủ đích Vì thế, số động từ thường khơng dùng tiếp diễn dùng tại đơn Những động từ nhóm sau : * Những động từ cảm giác : feel (cảm thấy), hear (nghe), see (thấy), smell (ngửi), notice (chú ý), observe (quan sát) feel (cảm thấy), look (xem), taste (nếm) * Các động từ diễn đạt tình cảm cảm xúc admire (khâm phục), adore (kính yêu), appreciate (đánh giá cao), care for (thích), loathe (ghê tởm), love (yêu), mind (quan tâm), respect (kính trọng), value (đánh giá), want (muốn), wish (ao ước) * Các động từ hoạt động thuộc tinh thần : agree, appreciate (hiểu), assume (ra vẻ), believe (tin), expect (nghĩ), feel (cảm thấy), feel sure / certain (cảm thấy chắn), forget (quên), know (biết), mean (nghĩa), perceive (nhận thức), realize (nhận thức), recall (nhắc), recognize (nhận ra), recollect (nhớ lại), remember (nhớ), see (hiểu), see through (nhìn thấy), suppose, think (nghĩ), trust Moon.vn Hotline: 04.32.99.98.98 Moon.vn Cô VŨ MAI PHƢƠNG – KHÓA NGỮ PHÁP (tin), understand (hiểu) * Các động từ sở hữu : belong (thuộc về), own (sở hữu), prossess (sở hữu), owe (nợ) How much I owe you ? (Tôi nợ anh ?) * Các trợ động từ, trừ be have số cách dùng định I have (got) a dog (have sở hữu không dùng tiếp diễn) Where are you now? We are having a party at home (Chúng tơi ăn tiệc nhà, have khơng có nghĩa sở hữu) * appear (hình như), concern (có liên quan), consist (gồm), contain (chứa), hold (chứa) (nhưng hold mang nghĩa tổ chức dùng tiếp diễn, ví dụ: We are holding a meeting right now), keep (tiếp tục), matter, seem, signify (biểu hiện), sound (nghe có vẻ) : It concerns us all (Nó liên quan đến tất chúng ta) This box contains explosives (Cái hộp chứa chất nổ)  Bài tập vận dụng (Chữa video): John (not read) a book now What you (do) tonight? Jack and Peter (work) late today Silvia (not listen) to music at the moment Maria (sit) next to Paul right now How many other students you (study) with today? He always (make) noisy at night Where your husband (be) ? She (wear) earrings today 10 The weather (get) cold this season 11 My children (be) upstairs now They (play) games 12 Look! The bus (come) 13 He always (borrow) me money and never (give) back 14 While I (do) my housework, my husband (read) books II Bài nhà Bài Viết dạng tiếp diễn động từ sau Ví dụ: hold  holding Come, watch, skate, smile, die, speak, run, meet, talk, have, take, live, sit, go, listen, eat, lie, ski, wear, chat, Bài Hoàn thành câu sau sử dụng tiếp diễn 1) (we / go to the cinema later) 2) (they / work now) 3) (you / not / walk) 4) (they / learn new things)? 5) (when / he / start work)? 6) (why / I / stay at home)? 7) (it / get dark)? 8) (we / not / win) 9) (they / not / bring a cake) 10) (the dog / not / play with a ball) 11) (why / it / rain now)? Moon.vn Hotline: 04.32.99.98.98 Moon.vn Cơ VŨ MAI PHƢƠNG – KHĨA NGỮ PHÁP 12) (how / she / travel)? 13) (where / you / work)? 14) (what / we / watch)? 15) (you / meet your friend at four) 16) (I / take too much cake)? 17) (you / think)? 18) (we / study this evening) 19) (Lucy and Steve / play the piano) 20) (Sarah / not / tell a story) Đáp án Bài Coming, watching, skating, smiling, dying, speaking, running, meeting, talking, having, taking, living, sitting, going, listening, eating, lying, skiing, wearing, chatting Bài 1) (we / go to the cinema later) We’re going to the cinema later 2) (they / work now) They’re working now 3) (you / not / walk) You aren’t walking 4) (they / learn new things)? Are they learning new things? 5) (when / he / start work)? When is he starting work? 6) (why / I / stay at home)? Why am I staying at home? 7) (it / get dark)? Is it getting dark? 8) (we / not / win) We aren’t winning 9) (they / not / bring a cake) They aren’t bringing a cake 10) (the dog / not / play with a ball) The dog isn't playing with a ball 11) (why / it / rain now)? Why is it raining now? 12) (how / she / travel)? How is she travelling? 13) (where / you / work)? Where are you working? 14) (what / we / watch)? What are we watching? 15) (you / meet your friend at four) You’re meeting your friend at four 16) (I / take too much cake)? Am I taking too much cake? 17) (you / think)? Are you thinking? 18) (we / study this evening) We’re studying this evening 19) (Lucy and Steve / play the piano) Lucy and Steve are playing the piano 20) (Sarah / not / tell a story) Sarah isn't telling a story Moon.vn Hotline: 04.32.99.98.98 Moon.vn Cô VŨ MAI PHƢƠNG – KHÓA NGỮ PHÁP ĐỘNG TỪ (P2) HIỆN TẠI ĐƠN (SIMPLE PRESENT) I Tóm tắt giảng Cấu trúc:  Khẳng định: S + to be (am/ is/ are) + adj / noun / adv I / you / we / they + V-inf He / she / it + V(s/es)  Phủ định: S + am not / isn't / aren't + adj / noun / adv S + don't + V-inf S + doesn't + V-inf  Nghi vấn: Am/ Is/ Are + S + adj / noun / adv Do / Does + S + V-inf Don't / Doesn't + S + V-inf Ví dụ: I learn English every Tuesday, Thursday and Saturday He doesn't work on Sunday Do you often go to library? When you learn English? Cách thêm s/ es : * Những động từ tận ss, ch, sh, x o thêm es, thay thêm s ngơi thứ ba số : miss  misses; kiss  kisses ; rush  rushes ; watch  watches ; wash  washes ;  does ; go  goes * Khi y đứng sau phụ âm đổi y thành i thêm es : carry  carries; copy copies try  tries ; study  studies * Nhưng động từ tận y mà trước nguyên âm theo qui luật thơng thường: obey  obeys ; say  says Cách dùng đơn 3.1 Hiện đơn dùng để diễn đạt hành động thường xuyên diễn thời điểm tại, thường dùng với trạng từ tần suất : always, never, occasionally, often / frequently, sometimes, usually, hardly, seldom, rarely, scarcely, every week (hàng tuần), on Mondays (vào ngày thứ hai), twice a year (một năm hai lần) v.v… 3.2 Cách dùng đơn để diễn đạt hành động theo thói quen He smokes (Anh hút thuốc) Dogs bark (Chó sủa) Cats drink milk (Mèo uống sữa) I never tell lies (Thể hành động ln ln đúng, mang tính chất) Thì khơng cho biết hành động diễn lúc nói hay khơng Và muốn làm rõ ràng điều phải thêm động từ tiếp diễn : He’s working He always works at night (Anh ta làm việc Anh ta làm việc vào ban đêm) My dog barks a lot, but he isn’t barking at the moment (Con chó tơi sủa nhiều, lúc khơng sủa) 3.3 Thì đơn thường dùng với trạng từ hay cụm từ : always, never, occasionally, Moon.vn Hotline: 04.32.99.98.98 Moon.vn Cơ VŨ MAI PHƢƠNG – KHĨA NGỮ PHÁP often, sometimes, usually, every week (hàng tuần), on Mondays (vào ngày thứ hai), twice a year (một năm hai lần), annually = yearly (hàng năm) v.v… How often you wash your hair ? (Bạn gội đầu thường không ?) I go to church on Sundays (Tôi lễ vào ngày Chủ nhật) It usually rains in winter (Trời mưa vào mùa đông) Hay với mệnh đề thời gian diễn đạt hành động thói quen hay nề nếp Đặc biệt hay dùng whenever when Whenever it rains, the roof leaks (Bất trời mưa mái nhà lại dột) When you open the door, a light goes on (Lúc bạn mở cửa ánh sáng tràn vào) 3.4 Nó phải dùng thay cho tiếp diễn động từ khơng dùng tiếp diễn love, see, believe v.v… dùng nói I love you (Tơi u em) khơng nói I am loving you 3.5 Các cách dùng khác đơn giản A Nó dùng tựa báo : MASS MURDERER ESCAPES (TÊN SÁT NHÂN HÀNG LOẠT ĐÃ TRỐN THOÁT) PEACE TALKS FAIL (CUỘC ĐÀM PHÁN HỊA BÌNH THẤT BẠI) B Thì chủ yếu dùng với động từ say (nói) hỏi trích dẫn sách, thơng báo hay thư nhận : What does that notice say ? – It says, “No parking” What does the book say ? – It says, “Cook very slowly” Shakespeare says : Neither a borrower nor a lender be” Các động từ khác truyền thơng dùng A notice at the end of the road warns people not to go any further (Một thông báo cuối đường khuyến cáo người không xa nữa) C Nó đƣợc dùng cho hành trình, lịch trình We leave London at 10.00 next Tuesday and arrive in Paris at 13.00 We spend two hours in Paris and leave again at 15.00 We arrive in Rome at 19.30, spend four hours in Rome… (Chúng rời London lúc 10 sáng thứ Ba tới đến Paris lúc 13 giờ, trải qua hai tiếng đồng hồ Paris lại lúc 15 Chúng đến Rome lúc 19 30, trải qua bốn tiếng đồng hồ Rome…) E Sự thật hiển nhiên; chân lí ko thể phủ nhận Ví dụ: The sun rises in the East F Nó dùng câu điều kiện loại Bài tập vận dụng (Chữa video): Bài Chia động từ đơn I (be) at school at the weekend She (not study) on Friday My students (be not) hard working He (have) a new haircut today I usually (have) breakfast at 7.00 She (live) in a house? Where your children (be) ? My sister (work) in a bank Dog (like) meat 10 She (live) in Florida 11 It (rain) almost every day in Manchester 12 We (fly) to Spain every summer Moon.vn Hotline: 04.32.99.98.98 Moon.vn Cô VŨ MAI PHƢƠNG – KHÓA NGỮ PHÁP 13 My mother (fry) eggs for breakfast every morning 14 The bank (close) at four o'clock 15 John (try) hard in class, but I (not think) he'll pass 16 Jo is so smart that she (pass) every exam without even trying 17 My life (be) so boring I just (watch) TV every night 18 My best friend (write) to me every week 19 You (speak) English? 20 She (not live) in HaiPhong city Bài Phân biệt đơn hay tiếp diễn: Cuckoos (not build) nests They (use) the nests of other birds I'm afraid I've broken one of your coffee cups Don't worry I (not like) that set anyway How much you (owe) him? I (owe) him $5 You (intend) to pay him? He usually (speak) so quickly that I (not understand) him How you (get) to work as a rule? I usually (go) by bus but tomorrow I (go) in Tom's car You can't see Tom now; he (have) a bath Mary usually (learn) languages very quickly but she (not seem) to be able to learn modern Greek He usually (drink) coffee but today he (drink) tea Ann (make) a dress for herself at the moment She (make) all her own clothes 10 Tom can't have the newspaper now because his aunt (read) it 11 What she (do) in the evenings? She usually (play) cards or (watch) TV 12 I (wear) my sunglasses today because the sun is very strong 13 I won't go out now as it (rain) and I (not have) an umbrella 14 The last train (leave) the station at 11.30 15 Hardly anyone (wear) a hat nowadays 16 I'm busy at the moment I (redecorate) the sitting room 17 The kettle (boil) now Shall I make the tea? 18 You (enjoy) yourself or would you like to leave now? I (enjoy) myself very much I (want) to stay to the end 19 Why you (put) on your coat? I (go) for a walk You (come) with me?-Yes, I'd love to come You (mind) if I bring my dog? 20 I always (buy) lottery tickets but I never (win) anything II Bài nhà: Hoàn thành câu chia động từ ngoặc cho Our teacher always (give) us lots of homework We (not want) to go to the concert What time (you / meet) Peter tomorrow? I (not work) today I'm on holiday People (speak) English in Jamaica Archie (not use) his computer at the moment (Tony / live) near the park? She (run) because she's late for her lesson Where's John? He (listen) to a new CD in his room 10 Don't forget to take your umbrella with you to London You know it always (rain) in England 11 Jean (work) hard all day but she (not work) at the moment Moon.vn Hotline: 04.32.99.98.98 Moon.vn Cơ VŨ MAI PHƢƠNG – KHĨA NGỮ PHÁP 12 Look! That boy (run) after the bus He (want) to catch it 13 He (speak) German so well because he (come) from Germany 14 Shh! The boss (come) We (meet) him in an hour and nothing is ready! 15 You usually (go) away for Christmas or you (stay) at home? 16 She (hold) some roses They (smell) lovely 17 Oh no! Look! It (snow) again It always (snow) in this country 18 Mary (swim) very well, but she (not run) very fast 19 You (enjoy) this party? Yes, I (have) a great time! 20 Sorry I can't help you I (not know) where she keeps her files 21 What you(do) next Saturday? Nothing special I (stay) at home 22 I (think) your new hat (look) nice on you 23 I (live) with my parents but right now I (stay) with some friends for a few days 24 I can't talk on the phone now I (drive) home 25 Where are the children? They (lie) on the beach over there 26 You never (listen) to a word I say! You always (listen) to that mp3 player! 27 He (not understand) what you (talk) about He's foreign 28 How much your suitcase (weigh)? It (look) really heavy Đáp án gives isn't using don't want are you meeting Does Tony live 's running 'm not working speak 's listening 10 rains 11 works, is not working 12 's running, wants 14 is coming, 're meeting 15 Do, go, do, stay 16 's holding, smell 17 's snowing, snows 18 swims, doesn't run 19 Are, enjoying, 'm having 20 not know 24 'm driving 21 are, doing, 'm staying 25 're lying 13 speaks, comes 22 think, looks 26 listen, are, listening 23 live, 'm staying 27 does not understand, 're talking 28 does, weigh, looks Moon.vn Hotline: 04.32.99.98.98 Moon.vn Cô VŨ MAI PHƢƠNG – KHÓA NGỮ PHÁP ĐỘNG TỪ (P3) QUÁ KHỨ ĐƠN & QUÁ KHỨ TIẾP DIỄN I Tóm tắt giảng Quá khứ đơn 1.1 Hình thức * Động từ to be Khẳng định / Phủ định Nghi vấn I/ he/ she/ it was / wasn't was I/ he/ she/ it ? You/ we/ they were / weren't were you/ we/ they? * Động từ thường Khẳng định Phủ định S + V_ed/ irregular verbs S + didn't + V_inf Ví dụ: Last Sunday I didn't play football I went swimming Nghi vấn Did + S + V_inf ? 1.2 Lƣu ý tả a) Động từ bất qui tắc (Irregular) : Xem danh sách động từ bất qui tắc cuối Hình thức khứ đơn động từ bất qui tắc khác: Ví dụ, ngun mẫu : to eat, to leave, to see, to speak  Quá khứ đơn : ate, left, saw, spoke Vì phải học thuộc hình thức khứ đơn động từ bất qui tắc b) Qui luật gấp đôi phụ âm thêm _ing áp dụng thêm ed : Admit  admitted ; stop  stopped, travel  travelled Những động từ tận y mà trước phụ âm đổi y thành i trước thêm ed : Carry  carried ; try  tried Nhưng trước y nguyên âm không đổi : obey  obeyed (vâng lời) 1.3 Cách dùng Dùng diễn tả hành động diễn q khứ khơng cịn liên quan đến tại, thường dùng để kể lại câu truyện Các trạng từ thường sử dụng với khứ: Yesterday; two days ago, the day before; ago; already; last (last week, last month, last summer holiday ); in + mốc thời gian khứ (in 1999, ) A Thì khứ đơn dùng cho hành động hoàn tất khứ thời điểm định Vì dùng : * Cho hành động khứ rõ thời điểm : I met him yesterday (Tôi gặp hôm qua) Pastuer died in 1895 (Pasteur chết năm 1895) * Khi thời điểm hỏi đến : When did you meet him ? (Anh gặp lúc nào?) * Khi hành động xảy cách rõ ràng thời điểm định thời điểm không đề cập đến : The train was ten minutes late (Xe lửa trễ mười phút) How did you get your present job ? (Anh có việc làm cách ?) I bought this car in Montreal (Tôi mua xe Montreal) B Thì khứ đơn hay dùng câu có “for + khoảng thời gian khứ” Ví dụ: He worked in that bank for your years (Anh ta làm việc ngân hàng bốn năm) [Bây khơng cịn làm nữa] She lived in Rome for a long time (Cô ta sống Rome thời gian dài) [Bây ta khơng cịn sống nữa] Moon.vn Hotline: 04.32.99.98.98 Moon.vn admit: thừa nhận advise anticipate: mong đợi, dự đoán appreciate: đánh giá cao avoid can't help complete consider = postpone deny detest dislike enjoy escape excuse Cơ VŨ MAI PHƯƠNG – KHĨA NGỮ PHÁP forbid get through have imagine mind miss need practice prevent quit recall: hồi tưởng, nhớ lại report resent resume risk spend (time) suggest tolerate waste (time) Lưu ý: need to be PII = need +V- ing: cần làm (dạng bị động); prevent sb from doing sth Acknowledge = admit: She acknowledged receiving assistance thừa nhận He was accused of smuggling contraband goods accuse of They admitted falsifying the data admit The author advises undertaking further study advise He anticipates having trouble with his supervisor anticipate I appreciated having a chance to read your draft appreciate He avoided answering my question avoid I finally completed writing my thesis complete They will consider granting you money consider She deferred writing her report defer We delayed reporting the results until we were sure delay They denied copying the information deny They discussed running the experiments again discuss This review procedure entails repeating the test entail He will look after mailing the tickets look after He insisted on proofreading the article again insist on This procedure involves testing each sample twice involve My results justify taking drastic action justify The author mentions seeing this event mention They had planned on attending the conference plan on The committee has postponed writing the report postpone I cannot recall getting those results before recall He resented spending so much time on the project resent She recommends reading Marx recommend The writer resists giving any easy answers resist She risks losing her viewing time risk They will not sanction copying without permission sanction I suggest repeating the experiment suggest He will take care of sending it to you take care of She can't tolerate waiting for results tolerate Moon.vn Hotline: 04.32.99.98.98 Moon.vn Cô VŨ MAI PHƯƠNG – KHÓA NGỮ PHÁP Verbs Followed by a Preposition and a Gerund Following a preposition (gerund only) Can you touch your toes without bending your knees? He was fined for driving over the speed limit She got the money by selling the car A corkscrew is a tool for taking corks out of bottles Note: Take care not to confuse the preposition "to" with an infinitive form, or with an auxiliary form such as have to, used to, going to He went back to writing his paper [PREPOSITION + GERUND] I used to live in Mexico [AUXILIARY + VERB] I want to go home [VERB + INFINITIVE] EX: We concentrated on doing well agree on apologize for approve of argue about believe in blame for care about complain about consist of concentrate on confess to decide on depend on disapprove of discourage from engage in give up enquire about dream about feel like forget about insist on object to interfere with keep on look forward to be used to be accustomed to devoted to dedicated to commit to participate in persist in plan on suffer from prevent (someone) from refrain from succeed in talk about take part in think about worry about result from II Bài nhà Exercise Put the verb into the correct form, -ing or to Sometimes either form is possible They denied the money (steal) I don't enjoy very much (drive) I don't want out tonight I'm too tired (go) I can't afford out tonight I don't have enough money (go) Has it stopped yet? (rain) Our team was unlucky to lose the game We deserved ………………… (win) Why you keep me questions? Can't you leave me alone? (ask) Please stop ………………… me questions! (ask) I refuse ……………………… any more questions (answer) 10 One of the boys admitted …………………… the window (break) 11 The boy's father promised …………………… for the window to be repaired (pay) 12 If the company continues ……………………… money, the factory may be closed (lose) 13 “Does Sarah know about the meeting?" “No, I forgot ………………… her.” (tell) Moon.vn Hotline: 04.32.99.98.98 Moon.vn Cô VŨ MAI PHƯƠNG – KHÓA NGỮ PHÁP 14 The baby began …………………… in the middle of the night (cry) 15 Julia has been ill, but now she's beginning …………………… better (get) 16 I've enjoyed ………………… you I hope …………………… you again soon (meet, see) Exercise Here is some information about Tom when he was a child He was in hospital when he was four Once he fell into the river He went to Paris when he was eight He said he wanted to be a doctor He cried on his first day at school Once he was bitten by a dog He can still remember 1, and But he can't remember 3, and Write sentences beginning He can remember or He can't remember He can remember being in hospital when he was four Exercise Complete the sentences so that they mean the same as the first sentence Use –ing I can what I want and you can’t stop me You ……………………………………………………… It’s not a good idea to travel during the rush hour It’s better to avoid ……………………………………………………… Shall we paint the kitchen next weekend instead of this weekend? Shall we postpone …………………………………until ……………………? Could you turn the radio down, please? Would you mind ………………………………………………………? Please don’t interrupt me all the time Would you mind ………………………………………………………? Exercise Complete each sentence with one of the following verbs (in the correct form): answer apply be forget listen live lose make read try use write He tried to avoid my question Could you please stop so much noise? I enjoy …… to music I considered ……… for the job, but in the end I decided against it Have vou finished ………… the newspaper yet? We need to change our routine We can't go on ……… like this I don't mind you ……… the phone as long as you pay for all your calls My memory is getting worse I keep ……… things I've put off the letter so many times I really must it today 10 What a stupid thing to do! Can you imagine anybody …… so stupid? 11 I've given up …… to lose weight — it's impossible 12 If you invest your money on the stock market, you risk ……… it Moon.vn Hotline: 04.32.99.98.98 Moon.vn Cơ VŨ MAI PHƯƠNG – KHĨA NGỮ PHÁP Key Exercise 1 stealing driving asking to answer 14 crying or to cry to go to go raining to win 10 breaking 11 to pay 12 losing or to lose 15 to get 16 meeting … to see asking 13 to tell Exercise 2 He can remember going to Paris when he was eight He can’t remember crying on his first day at school He can remember falling into the river He can’t remember saying he wanted to be a doctor or He can't remember wanting to be a doctor He can't remember being bitten by a dog Exercise can’t stop me doing what I want travelling during the rush hour painting the kitchen until next weekend turning the radio down not interrupting me all the time Exercise answering making forgetting writing listening 10 being applying 11 trying Moon.vn reading 12 losing living using Hotline: 04.32.99.98.98 Moon.vn Cơ VŨ MAI PHƯƠNG – KHĨA NGỮ PHÁP GERUNDS & INFINITIVES – PHẦN I Tóm tắt giảng  Be + Adjective + Preposition + Gerund be accustomed to be afraid of be angry about be ashamed of be capable of be certain about be concerned with be critical of be discouraged from be enthusiastic about be familiar with be famous for be fond of be glad about be good at be happy about be interested in  be known for be nervous about be perfect for be proud of be responsible for be sad about be successful in be suitable for be tired of be tolerant of be upset about be used to be useful for be worried about Noun + pre + Gerund advantage / disadvantage of What is the advantage of learning English? chance of There is a little chance of getting a good job choice between … and danger of Lions are in danger of dying out (=extinction) have difficulty in doubt about hope of idea of What about an idea of having a party at my house? interest in There is no interest in writing letters 10 reason for There is no reason for coming late Moon.vn Hotline: 04.32.99.98.98 Moon.vn  Cô VŨ MAI PHƯƠNG – KHÓA NGỮ PHÁP V + to inf / Ving - gerund (không thay đổi nhiều nghĩa) start / begin continue hate / like / dislike / detest prefer / would rather prefer to sth = would rather sth prefer doing sth to = would rather sth than sth would prefer to sth rather than sth: thích làm  Verbs followed by a gerund or infinitive with a change in meaning: (thay đổi nghĩa) I forgot to meet him (I didn’t meet him because I forgot to it.) forget I forgot meeting him (I don’t have the memory of meeting him before.) He finished studying Maths He went on to learn English and French go on (He ended one period of time before this.) He went on learning English and French (He continued learning the languages.) She quit to work here (She quit another job in order to work here.) quit She quit working here (She quit her job here She doesn’t work here anymore.) I regret promising to help you (I’m sorry that I made the promise.) regret I regret to tell you that we can't hire you (I’m telling you now, and I’m sorry.) remember She remembered to visit her grandmother Moon.vn Hotline: 04.32.99.98.98 Moon.vn Cô VŨ MAI PHƯƠNG – KHÓA NGỮ PHÁP (She didn’t forget to visit.) She remembered visiting her grandmother (She had memories of this time.) I stopped to call you (I interrupted another action in order to call you.) stop I stopped calling you (I stopped this activity Maybe we had a fight.) I tried to open the window Try / one's best to sth: cố gắng để làm try I tried opening the window (This was one option I sampled Maybe the room was hot.): thử làm Need to # need Ving Sb need to sth: cần làm need Ving = need to be PII: cần làm II Bài nhà Complete each sentence with a verb in the correct form, -ing or to Please remember ……… the door when you go out A: You lent me some money a few months ago B: Did I? Are you sure? I don't remember ………… you any money A: Did you remember ……… your sister? B: Oh no, I completely forgot I'll phone her tomorrow When you see Steve, remember ………… him my regards Someone must have taken my bag I clearly remember ………… it by the window and now it has gone I believe that what I said was fair I don't regret ………… it I knew they were in trouble, but I regret ……… I did nothing to help them Ben joined the company nine years ago He became assistant manager after two years, few years later he went on ………… company Moon.vn Hotline: 04.32.99.98.98 and a Moon.vn Cô VŨ MAI PHƯƠNG – KHÓA NGỮ PHÁP I can't go on here any more I want a different job 10 When I came into the room, Liz was reading a newspaper She looked up and said hello, and then went on her newspaper 11 I was very tired I tried ……… (keep) my eyes open, but I couldn't 12 I rang the doorbell, but there was no answer Then I tried ……… (knock) on the door, but there was still no answer 13 We tried …… (put) the fire out but without success We had to call the fire brigade 14 Sue needed to borrow some money She tried ………(ask) Gerry, but he was short of money too 15 I tried ………… (reach) the shelf, but I wasn't tall enough 16 Please leave me alone I'm trying ……… (concentrate) 17 I need a change I need ……… (go) away for a while 18 My grandmother isn't able to look after herself any more She needs (look) after 19 The windows are dirty They need ……… (clean) 20 Your hair is getting very long It needs ……… (cut) 21 You don't need ……… (iron) that shirt It doesn't need (iron) 22 They were talking very loudly I couldn't help ……….(overhear) what they said 23 Can you help me ……… (get) the dinner ready? 24 He looks so funny Whenever I see him, I can't help ………… (smile) 25 The fine weather helped ……… (make) it a very enjoyable holiday 26 Sheryl forgot …………… her purse, so I lent her ten dollars (bring) 27 I completely forgot …………… here when I was a kid But now I remember! My parents brought me here when I was three (come) 28 Lydia really regrets ……… out of high school She has really had to struggle to make a living because of that decision (drop) 29 I regret ……………… you that Mr Smith has passed away (inform) 30 Did you remember …………… your swimsuit? Our vacation in Hawaii won't be much fun if you can't go swimming (pack) 31 Do you remember …………… stuck in that elevator when we were in New York? I thought we would never get out of there! (be) 32 If you can't find the key, try ……………… the lock with something else, like a knife or a Moon.vn Hotline: 04.32.99.98.98 Moon.vn Cô VŨ MAI PHƯƠNG – KHÓA NGỮ PHÁP screwdriver (open) 33 She tried ……………….him the terrible truth, but she just couldn't bring herself to it (tell) 34 I dread ……………….of what might happen next (think) 35 I dread ………………… to work tomorrow I think I'm going to call in sick (go) 36 I would like ……… back in time and meet my great grandparents (travel) 37 It's so hot in here! I'd like ……… sitting in my swimming pool right now (be) 38 I would love ………… in London, but it is too expensive (live) 39 Are you ready ……… yet? The train leaves in 30 minutes! (go) 40 Paul sat on a hill ……… the mother bear and her cubs until they disappeared into the forest (watch) KEY to lock lending to phone / to call to give leaving / putting saying to say to become working 10 Reading 11 to keep 12 knocking 13 to put 14 asking 15 to reach 16 to concentrate 17 to go 18 looking 19 cleaning 20 cutting 21 to iron…ironing 22 overhearing 23 get or to get 24 smiling 25 make or to make 26 to bring 27 coming 28 dropping 29 to inform 30 to pack 31 being 32 opening 33 to tell 34 to think 35 going 36 to travel 37 to be 38 to live 39 to go 40 watching Moon.vn Hotline: 04.32.99.98.98 Moon.vn Cô VŨ MAI PHƯƠNG – KHÓA NGỮ PHÁP GERUNDS & INFINITIVES – PHẦN I Bài tập chữa video Đề đính liền với video, khơng có file pdf đề kèm II Bài nhà: Infinitive or gerund? Use the infinitive of gerund form of the verbs in parentheses Dan enjoys ………… science fiction (read) Cheryl suggested ………… a movie after work (see) I miss ……… in the travel industry Maybe I can get my old job back (work) Where did you learn ………… Spanish? Was it in Spain or in Latin America? (speak) Do you mind ……… me translate this letter? (help) He asked ……… to the store manager (talk) You've never mentioned ……… in Japan before How long did you live there? (live) If he keeps ………… to work late, he's going to get fired! (come) Debbie plans ……… abroad next year (study) 10 I agreed ………… Jack wash his car (help) 11 We decided ……….(buy) a new car 12 They've got some work …………(do) 13 Peter gave up ……………(smoke) 14 He'd like ………… (fly) an aeroplane 15 I enjoy ………… (write) picture postcards 16 Do you know what ………… (do) if there's a fire in the shop? 17 Avoid ………… (make) silly mistakes 18 My parents wanted me …………… (be) home at 11 o'clock 19 I dream about ………… (build) a big house 20 I'm hoping …………… (see) Lisa Moon.vn Hotline: 04.32.99.98.98 Moon.vn Cô VŨ MAI PHƯƠNG – KHÓA NGỮ PHÁP 21 I'm not used to up early (get) 22 I used to a lot (read) 23 You'll have to get used to on the right when you live there (drive) 24 I didn't use to it, but I now (like) 25 I found it hard to get used to in such a hot country (live) 26 It took me a while to get used to the language (speak) Passage The thief admitted (27 steal)……… the money the night before Christmas The police recommended (28 lock)……… all the doors and windows before (29 leave)……….the house All the neighbours agreed (30 cooperate)……….with the police, so that more burglars were arrested Some neighbours have decided (31 put)……… a surveillance camera and an alarm in their houses The police keep (32 say) ……… that there's no need (33 create)………… a social alarm Passage We have always lived inland, but I remember (34 spend) ……… my holidays by the sea when I was a child My father rented a flat near the beach because my mum suggested (35 go)…… to the beach for a change My father said we couldn't afford (36 spend)……… the whole summer there, but we could stay for a month Every day, when I finished (37 build)……….my sandcastles, my parents took me for a walk along the beach When that wonderful summer was over, my parents promised (38 come) ………… back the next year Passage (39 Go)……… to parties is the best way to fight stress or that's what they say However, I went to a party last week, which didn't help at all At first, I enjoyed (40 dance)……… and (41 drink)……… with my friends, but all of a sudden, a couple of masked guys appeared and asked everyone (42 give)……… them the money and jewels One of them pretended (43 have)……… a gun in his pocket and the other threatened (44 use)……… his knife against the guests Some guests managed (45 escape)……… through the back door, others risked (46 jump)……… through an open window, but I was so scared that I didn't even attempt (47 escape)…………Finally, the police arrived and arrested the two thugs, who resisted (48 be)………… arrested and were injured KEY reading to talk 11 to buy 16 to 21 getting 26 speaking 30 to cooperate 35 going 40 dancing 45 to escape seeing living 12 to 17 making 22 read 27 stealing 31 to put 36 to spend 41 drinking 46 jumping working coming 13 smoking 18 to be 23 driving 28 locking 32 saying 37 building 42 to give 47 to escape Moon.vn to speak to study 14 to fly 19 building 24 like 29 leaving 33 to create 38 to come 43 to have 48 being helping 10 to help 15 writing 20 to see 25 living 34 spending 39 Going 44 to use Hotline: 04.32.99.98.98 ... reading (Anh ta đọc sách luôn) Câu ngụ ý tốn nhiều thời gian để đọc sách E Những động từ không thƣờng dùng tiếp diễn Thì tiếp diễn chủ yếu dùng cho hành động có chủ đích Vì thế, số động từ thường... [không hẳn lúc nói] He is teaching French and learning Greek (Ông ta dạy tiếng Pháp học tiếng Hy Lạp) [khơng hẳn lúc nói] Khi hai tiếp diễn có chủ ngữ liên kết “and” trợ động từ bỏ trước động từ. .. không ?) I go to church on Sundays (Tôi lễ vào ngày Chủ nhật) It usually rains in winter (Trời mưa vào mùa đông) Hay với mệnh đề thời gian diễn đạt hành động thói quen hay nề nếp Đặc biệt hay