Nghiên cứu bảo tồn và phát huy giá trị văn hóa và các dân tộc vùng phong nha, kẻ bàng

TRUING DAI HOC Ql -• -000- - J>/ «^ BAO CA® MET QIIA MUMIli NGHIEN CUU BAG TON vA PHAT HUY NHCNG GIA TRI VAN HOA CAC DAN TOC VUNG PHONG NHA - K ' Chii nhiem di tkt TS, NguylE The Mmn Co quan chu tri de tai: Triideg Bal hoc Qiiiiig linii Dmg Rm, thdng 10 ndm 20Q7 TRU6NG DAI HOC QUANG BINH ooo BAO CAO K E T QUA XGHmiN ClfC DE TAI NGHIEN c t r u BAO TON VA PHAT HUY NHIJNG GIA TRI VAN HOA CAC DAN T O C VUNG PHONG NHA - KE BANG Chii nhiem de tai: TS Nguyin The Hoan Co quan chii tri de tai: Trudng Dai hoc Quang Binh Dong H&i, thdng 10 ndm 2007 MUC LUC Trang A Thong tin chung vi de tai B Noi dung nghien cihi de tai Str cSn thiet cua vi6c nghien ciru Lich sit nghien cuu Muc tiSu ciia d6 tai Cach tie'p can, phucmg phap nghidn ciJu K6't ciu cua dS tai PHAN 1: T N G QUAN \ t Difiu KE&N TlTNHEfcN - XA U6l CAC DAN T O C VUNG PHONG NHA - KE BANG I.l Dieu Iiien tu nhien 1.2 Dieu Itien xa hoi PHAN H: N G H £ N CCTU N H U N G GIA TRI VAN HOA CAC DAN T O C VUNG PHONG NHA - K £ BANG 8 15 24 1.1 M O T S6 K H A I N I $ M n.2 NGHlfeN ctru CAC GIA TRI VAN HOA VAT TH^ 24 n.2.1 Nghien curu lang ban dan toe a Trang thai cu tni cua ngucfi Chut 24 b Lang, ban cua nguoi Bru - Van Ki^u 28 n.2.2 Y phuc va trang sure a Y phuc va trang siic cua ngucri Chiit 36 b Y phuc va trang siic cua ngucfi Bru - Van Kilu 38 n.2.3 Cong cu san xuat va diing sinh hoat dcil song 42 a C6ng cu san xua't va d6 dung cua ngucri Bru - Van Kieu 42 b C6ng cu san xua't va d6 dung cua nguoi Chiit 53 n.2.4 Nghien cihi cac hinh thiic an, uong, hiit 66 a Cac hinh thiic an, u6'ng, hiit cua nguoi Chiit 66 b Cdc hinh thiic an, u6'ng, hiit cua nguoi Bru - Van Kieu 73 n.3 NGHlfeN ctru CAC GIA TRI VAN HOA PHI VAT THE 78 36 n.3.1 Vdn hoc dan gian a Van hoc dan gian ngucri Chiit 78 b Van hoc dan gian ngucri Bru - Van Kieu 83 II3.2 Nghe thuat dan gian 86 a Nghfi thuat dan gian cua ngucri Chiit 86 b Nghd thuat dan gian cua nguoi Bru - Van Kieu 90 II.3.3 Cac loai nhac cu 92 a Cac loai nhac cu cua ngucri Bru - Van Kilu 93 b Nhac cu truyin thtfng cua ngucri Chiit 94 II.3.4 Cac ll hoi truyen thong 97 a Ll h6i ciia ngucri Bru - Van Kilu 97 b LI h6 cua ngucri Chiit 108 II.3.5 Phong tuc tap quan 100 a Phong tuc tap quan cua ngucri Bru - Van Kilu 100 b Phong tuc tap quan cua ngucri Chiit 122 n.3.6 Ton giao tin ngudng 125 a T6n giao tin ngu5ng cua ngucri Chiit 125 b T6n giao tin ngu&ng ciia ngucri Bru - Van Kilu 130 n.3.7 Cac luat tuc 136 a Luat tuc ciia nguoi Chiit 136 b Luat tuc ciia ngucri Bru - Van Kilu 141 II.3.8 To chiifc cong dong 159 a T6 chiic xa h6i ciia ngucri Chiit 159 b Td chiic xa h6i ciia ngucri Bru - Van Kilu 162 n.3.9 Nghien cihi tri thiic ban dja 173 a Tri thiic ban dia ciia ngucri Bru - Van Kilu 174 b Tri thiic ban dia ciia ngucri Chiit 186 PHAN IH: CAC GlAl PHAP BAG T N VA PHAT HUY VAN HOA CAC DAN T O C P H U C VU C H O HOAT D O N G DU LICH VA PHAT TRif N KINHT^-XAHOI I NHAN XET T N G QUAT \ t KET QUA DI^U TRA XA H O I HOC H CAC GiAi P H A P BAO T N VA P H A T HUY GiA TRI VAN HoA cAc DAN T O C c K£T LUAN PHAN PHU LUC TAI LifiU NGHlfiN ctru vA THAM K H A O 200 200 212 220 213 244 A THONG TIN CHUNG V£ Dfi TAI Ten de tai: Nghien curu bao ton va phat huy nhung gia trj van hoa cac dan toe vung Phong Nha - Ke Bang Chu nhiem de tai: Nguydn The'Hoan Hoc vj: Tie'n sy Noi cong tac: Khoa Boi dir6ng-Tai churc Trirdng Dai hoc Quang Binh DT: 0912 483 587 Co quan chu tri de tai: Trirdng Dai hoc Quang Binh Dja chi: Phirdng Bac Ly- Thanh Dong H6i, tinh Quang Binh Dien thoai: 052 822 010 Nhumg ngirdi tham gia chinh: ThS Le Thuy MiJi ThS Cao Thj Thanh Thuy - Cao hoc Hoang Van Tan - CN Tran Van Ninh - CN Tran Thj Dieu Hong B Ndi DUNG NGHlfiN CtTU Dfi TAI Su can thie't ciia viec nghien cihi: Tii trudrc den viing Phong Nha - Ke Bang da duac nhieu ngucri quan tam, nghien ciiu, dac biet sau dugc UNESCO cong nhan la "Di san thidn nhien The gidi", Phong Nha - Ke Bang thuc sir trcr ncri thu hiit su chii y ciia nhiiu nganh khoa hoc nudc va qud'c te Ngoai nhirng gia tri mang tfnh toan cSu ciia Phong Nha - Ke Bang nhu: Dia mao, dia cha't, danh thSng, da dang sinh hoc cr day chiia dung nhirng gia tri van hoa het siic d6 s6 va doc dao Tuy nhi6n hitn vin chua co mot cong trinh nao dl cap den va'n de do viec ngliien ciiu de tai co y nghia hl^t siic ca'p thilt Viing Phong Nha Ke Bang la dia ban cu trii ciia nhiiu dan tdc it ngucri chu yfiii la dan tdc Chiit va Bru Van kilu dd dang chii y nha't la cac dan tdc ngudfi A Rem, Rue, Sach (Chiit) va Van Kilu, Khua, Tri, Ma Coong, Ka Rai (Bru Van Kilu) Day la nhiing tdc ngudi cd trinh dd phat triln kinh te van hoa - xa hdi h^t siic lac hau Nhiiu va'n dl vl ngudn g6c va qua trinh tdc ngudi, dac trung van hoa, ngdn ngii chua dugc di sau nghifin ciiu Do sdng biet lap nhiiu nhdm nho, co sd' dan it, cu tni ncri heo lanh va dang tinh trang cang bj mai mdt van hoa; kha nang tu luc phat trien gap ra't nhiiu khd khan Vi the' tinh hinh hien viec nghien ciiu bao tdn va phat trien nhiing gia tri van hoa ciia cac tdc ngucri & day viira la ydu cdu ca'p bach vita la bien phap hiru hieu de bao luu nhirng di san van hoa vat cha't va tinh thdn ma tdc ngucri da tao nen qua trinh lich sir Dilu cd y nghia vd ciing quan trpng, bdi vi su phat triln hay tieu vong mdt cdng dong tdc ngudi bao gid cung thudc vao nhiing ye'u td' ndi sinh - truyin thd'ng van hoa ciia chinh cdng dong a'y Mdt yd'u td ndi sinh ye'u dt, van hoa tdc ngudi bi mai mdt thi se dan den nguy co danh ma't ban sdc ciia dan tdc minh Vi the', day la vdn dl cd y nghia dac biet lien quan de'n sir sinh tdn va phat triln ciia cac dan tdc d khu vuc Lich sii nghien cihi Vdn dl nghien ciiu van hoa ciia dan tdc it ngudi d tinh Quang Binh tnrde day va hidn da dugc de cap de'n mdt sd cdng trinh nghien ciiu ciia cac tac gia va ngoai nudc nhu "So lugc gidi thieu cac ddn tdc it ngudi d miin nui Quang Binh", "Dan tdc A Rem va ddn tdc Rue", "Tim hieu ngudi Rue d miin niii Quang Binh" "Thanh phdn nhdn chung mdt sd nhdm tdc ngudi d miin mii Quang Binh" ciia cac nha nghien ciiu ddn tdc hgc: Nguyin Binh, Mac Dudng, Nguyin Dinh Khoa vao nhirng nam 60 de cdp dl'n mdt sd vdn dl nhdn chiing hgc ciia cac nhdm tdc ngudi d Quang Binh De'n nhirng nam 70 cac tac gia nhu Duong Dinh Khdi Nguyin Van Tai, Ngd Diic Thinh da cd nhirng bai viit nghien ciiu vl su phan bd dan cu, phdn dan tdc va ngdn ngii ciia mdt sd tdc ngudi d day Nam 1988 cd cdng trinh nghien ciiu ve ngdn ngii ngudi Rue d Quang Binh ciia Trdn Chi Ddi, Nguyin Phii Phong va M.FERUS thudc Trudng Dai hgc Pari VII Dang chu y nhdt la cac cdng trinh nghien ciiu ciia Nguyin Van Manh, Nguyen Van Lgi, Vd Xuan Trang nhu "Tieng Rue", "Ngudi Chiit d Viet Nam" (1996), "Ngudi Rue d Viet Nam" (1998), gdn day la cdng trinh "Phong Nha Ke Bang tii tu lieu tdng quan" cua Sd khoa hgc cdng nghe va mdi trudng Quang Binh nam 2002; "Di san thien nhien the' gidi - Vudn qud'c gia Phong Nha Ke Bang" cua Cue dia chdt va khoang san Viet Nam nam 2003 Nhin chung cac cdng trinh nghien ciiu tren dl cap de'n mdt sd vdn de vl nhdn chiing hgc, ngdn ngii hgc, van hoa va mdt sd linh vuc khac ciia cac ddn tdc ft ngudi d Quang Binh, nhung chi tap trung nghien ciiu vl cac nhdm tdc ngudi thudc dan tdc Chut chii cac nhdm tdc ngudi thugc dan tdc Bru Van Kilu ft dugc chii y de'n Mat khac pham vi nghidn ciru kha rdng tren dia ban miin mii Quang Binh va nhirng vdn dl neu cd tfnh chdt tdng quat chua cu the , dac bidt la chua dl cap dd'n nhiing ndi dung ciia dl tai nghidn ciru Tuy vay, dd la ngudn tai lieu rdt bd fch cho vide nghien ciiu dl tai Muc tieu ciia de tai: Nghidn ciiu nhirng gia tri van hoa ciia cac dan tdc d viing Phong Nha Ke Bang, chii yd'u la cac gia tri vl van hoa vat thi va phi vat the, nhdm giii gin ban sdc van hoa ciia cac dan tdc d day trudc nguy co cang bi mai mgt Trdn ccr sd nghien ciiu, danh gia thuc trang, de tai se de xudt mdt sd giai phap cu thi cd tfnh kha thi nhdm bao tdn va phat triln van hoa cac dan tdc ngudi vilng Phong Nha - Ke Bang va phuc vu cho cac hoat ddng du lich Viec nghidn ciiu dl tai se gdp phdn khang dinh thdm nhiing di san van hoa ddc dao ciia vimg Phong Nha - Ke Bang dl khdng ngimg ddy manh vide khai thac gia tri ciia di san thidn nhidn thd' gidi phuc vu cho vide phat trien kinh te' - xa hdi van hoa d day Cach tiep can, phucmg phap nghien ciru a Phucmg phdp tiep can van dung cac quan diem ciia Dang va Nha nudc ta ve chfnh sach dan tdc ciing nhu nhiing vdn dl h luan va thuc tidn cdp bach cd lidn quan dd'n dan tdc, tdc ngudi d nudc ta va trdn the' gidi Dac biet la vdn dung quan diem ciia nghi quye't Hdi nghi ldn thii Ban chdp hanh Trung uomg Dang khoa VIII vl viec xay dung va phat triln nin van hoa Viet Nam tidn tid'n dam da ban sdc ddn tdc Ngoai cdn dua vao cac nghi quylt ciia Tinh uy, Nghi Quyd't Dai hdi tinh Dang bd Quang Binh ldn thii 13, 14 vl viec thuc hidn cac muc tidu phat trien kinh td'- xa hdi d dia phucmg thdi ki cdng nghiep hoa, hien dai hoa Phucmg phap nha't quan, bao quat toan bd qua trinh nghien ciiu la each tie'p can tdng hgp lien nganh Ben canh chii y de'n cac chuyen nganh: lich sii, dan tdc hgc, ngdn ngii hgc, dia If hgc va cdn kit hgp nhieu chuyen nganh khac: Van hoa, tam If tdc ngudi, nghien ciiu tdng hgp nhirng vdn dl vl kinh td'-xa hdi Chii trgng vide idiao sat nghidn cun thuc dia va diin da dan tdc hgc nham thu thap dilu tra, xii If thdng tin tir cac ngudn tu lieu khac de tdng Idim ke, phan loai cac di san van hoa vat the va phi vat the ciia cac dan tdc ft ngudi vung Phong Nha - Ke Bang Sit dung cdng nghd phdn mim GIS dl quy hoach phat triln cac loai hinh du lich d viing Phong Nha - Ke Bang nhu: Du lich van hoa, lich sit, du lich lang, ban dan tdc, kd't hgp du lich van hoa, du lich sinh thai vdi du lich hang ddng va tham quan cac di tfch lich sii bdng mdt hd thd'ng ban dd, scr dd, tranh anh Cd thi xem day la giai phap quan trgng gdp phdn phat triln du lich bin virng d khu vuc Phong Nha - Ke Bang Sii dung cac phucmg tidn ki thuat hidn dai nhu: Camera, may anh, bang, dia nhdm luu gia nhiing di san van hoa tfch cue cung nhu tuydn truyin gidi thidu rdng rai vdi khach tham quan vl cac loai hinh van hoa nghd thuat ddc dao, phong tuc tap quan, nd'p sd'ng ciia cac dan tdc d viing Phong Nha - Ke Bang Tie'n hanh dilu tra xa hdi hgc de xem xet viec tid'p nhan mdt sd gia tri van hoa cQa dan tdc khac (chii yeu la dan tdc Kinh) ddi sd'ng sirih hoat ciia cac dan tdc ft ngudi d khu vuc Mat khac tha'y dugc cac ye'u td van hoa ban dia ciia cac tdc ngudi d day cdn luu giu dugc bdi canh giao luu van hoa va thuc hien cac chuang trinh, du an xay dung cd sd tdng dien, dudng, nha d, va chuang trinh xoa ddi giam ngheo dd'i vdi cac dan tdc it ngucri d vung Phong Nha - Ke Bang nhirng thdi gian qua b Ddi tuang phgm vi nghien cicu: Van hoa vat the va van hoa phi vat the ciia ddng bao ddn tdc thidu sd khu vac Phong Nha - Ke Bang sinh sdng d viing ldi (vung trung tam) va viing dem ciia khu di san Bao gdm cac tdc ngudi Van Kilu, Ma Coong, Khiia, Tri (Dan tdc Bru - Van Kieu) va Rue, Sach, Arem, May (Dan tdc Chiit) cu the: + Vung loi cd 02 xa: xa Tan Trach (Bd Trach) cd ban 39 gdm tdc ngudi Arem, va ban Dodng ciia tdc ngudi Van Kilu Xa San Trach (Bd Trach) cd ban Rao Con cua tdc ngudi Van Kilu + Vung dem d khu vuc Phong Nha - Ke Bang cd 12 xa nhung dd cd xa la cd ddng bao dan tdc sinh sd'ng, nhung dl tai chi tap trung nghien ciiu d xa: Gdm xa ciia huyen Minh Hoa la Thugng Hoa (gdm cac ban On, ban Yen Hgp, ban Phii Ninh, ban O O (Rue Lan) cd cac tdc ngudi Rue, Sach, May, Khua va 01 xa ciia huyen Bd Trach la Thugng Trach gdm cac tdc ngudi Ma Coong, Khiia,Tri Tuy nhien dia ban sinh sd'ng ciia cac dan tdc dugc trai dai tren mdt pham vi he't siic rdng ldn, nen dl tai se tap trung di sau nghien ciiu cac tdc ngudi d vilng ldi (viing trung tam) va d xa Thugng Trach, xa Thugng Hoa la chii yd'u Bdi vi day la viing ddng bao dan tdc cd trinh dd hd't siic lac hau va bi mai mdt nhiiu vl van hoa Hem niia la viing cd nhieu di tfch lich sii, van hoa, hang ddng va du lich sinh thai quan trgng ciia vung Phong Nha - Ke Bang, tao dilu Icidn ddy manh vide ke't hgp cac hoat ddng du lich ciia cac loai hinh du lich ciia di san thien nhien the' gidi Cdn cac dan tdc khac (Kinh) sinh sd'ng tren vilng Phong Nha - Ke Bang, ndi dung nghien ciiu ciia dl tai Ididng dl cap de'n c Nhiing dong gop cua detai: Nghidn ciiu, thd'ng kd va phan loai cac di san van hoa vdt the va phi vdt thi ciia cac ddn tdc ft ngudi d vimg Phong Nha - Ke Bang Dua trdn thuc trang va ludn eii khoa hgc, de tai se dl xud't mdt sd giai phap cd tfnh kha thi nhdm bao tdn va phat trien van hoa cac dan tdc ddi sd'ng ducmg dai va phuc vu cho cac hoat ddng du lich va gdp phdn phat trien kinh tl-xahdidday Ke't ciu cua de tai: Ngoai phdn md ddu, kd't ludn, va phu luc, dl tai gdm cd 03 phan Phdn I: "Tong quan ve dieu kien tu nhien - xd hgi cdc ddn tgc viing Phong Nha-Ke Bdng" Phan II: "Nghien cicu nhitng di sdn vdn hod vgt the vd phi vdt the ciia cdc ddn tgc vdng Phong Nha - Ke Bdng" Phan III: "Cdc gidi phdp bdo ton vd phdt huy gid tri vdn hod cdc ddn tgc phuc vu cho hogt dgng du lich vd phdt trien Icinh te- xd hgi" PHANI \t DIEU KIEN TU NHIEN - XA HOI CAC DAN T O C VUNG PHONG NHA - KE BANG T6NG QUAN I.l DI^UKlfiNTlTNHlfiN a Vi tri dja Iy, dia hinh Khu vuc Phong Nha - Ke Bang ndm vl phfa tay bdc tinh Quang Binh, dgc bien gidi Viet Lao, cd tga dia ly 17°20'- 17°48' vi dd bdc, 105° 46'- 106° 24' kinh dd Ddng Chieu dgc nai dai nhdt la 70 km tir deo Mu Gia dd'n mii U Bd theo hudng Tdy bdc- Ddng nam Chieu ngang ncri rdng nhd't la 31 km tii Tay Gat (xa Xuan Trach, huydn Bd Trach) din bien gidi Viet Lao, theo hudng Ddng bdc Tay Nam, ndm dgc theo bidn gidi Viet Lao vdi chilu dai khoang 50 km [20] Theo sa dd kid'n tao lanh thd Viet Nam, khu vuc Phong Nha-Ke Bang thudc ddi udn nd'p Vidt -Lao, tit ddu dai cd sinh nd da dugc hinh thanh, tfnh chdt bao mdn tao mdt dia hinh Karst diin hinh Nhin mdt each tdng quat khu vuc cd kilu dia hinh chinh (kilu dia hinh mii da vdi, kieu dia hinh phi karst, kilu dia hinh chuyen tid'p) - Kieu dia hinh niii dd voi Kilu dia hinh chiem phdn ldn didn tfch Vudn Qud'c gia gdm khd'i mii da vdi lidn tuc tit day niii Phu Toe Vu, deo Mu Gia (huydn Minh Hoa keo dai tdi hang En, Rao But, Ca Rodng (huyen Bd Trach), dai khoang 70km Ddy chfnh la khd'i mii da vdi lien tuc rdng ldn nha't ciia Viet Nam Pham vi ciia mii da vdi trai rdng sang Lao cd didn tfch khoang gdn 200.000ha N^u tfnh toan bd khd'i mii da vdi lidn tuc ca vl phfa Vidt Nam va Lao thi day la mdt nhirng khd'i mii da vdi rdng ldn nhdt hanh tinh (Pierre G,1966) Tai day, cac day mii da vdi phat triln hdu nhu lidn tuc, phdn tuang dd'i ddng nhdt, cao trdn 1000m Dia hinh mii da vdi bi chia cdt rdt manh, vdi nhung vach da dung diing, xd'p ldp, dinh ldm chdm, thudng kem theo qua trinh karst hoa tan va ngung ddng cacbonat hinh ndn cac nhu da, mang da, ndm da, chudng da, cdt da da dang, phiic tap, dep ki didu cac hang ddng Nhiiu nai da bi mai mdn tao ndn nhung cdng trdi, rumg da, cdu da, gid'ng da rdt ki thii Giiia cac vach da thudng la cac thung kin dai va nhd, rdng khoang 20-lOOm Trong viing mii da vdi hdu nhu khdng cd sdng sud'i trdn bl mat, ma chi thd'y d vanh ngoai Cac mdt hiit rai rac cac thung IQng dua nudc thoat theo cac sdng ngdm Viing karst £.d -DO P H A N X.THO'ONG 6O DAN rRACH T a U A ' / ^ I G CHU V H C U* B A N S O ' T R A C H ii' N H DAN H KhuM • it, 1) Tliow) z S (> f •e K^p -e Tip e vo( y« 'J -e.c>io'' CAM LW/W) N(U \,VAA Vvjt^ $d -oo P H A N D A N CLr" B A N X.THU'OAJG rg.ACi-1 - n SUT h ' TRACH - T a^'AMG SINH J!i- A^u I^ Jil llL s d TDC P H A N BO H, S Q OAN ctr TR-ACH BAN Si \ Tnu'tiNG _ T auAP^Q TRACH glNH C H i.1 P M N • > 6-:::,-, t.>i, '•Ji •«»*• V - ^ * - ^ * ; NHA COA D6NG BAO DAN TOC COAO6KG'BAO DAN TOC MA COONG a '-'Kmi:-:: i TAI LIEU NGHIEN CQu VA THAM KHAO VlfiN DAN TOC HOC: Vg vSn Ai xic dinh phin cac dan tdc thi^usd d mi6n Bac Vidt Nam, NXB, KHXH, H;1975 NGUYiN BiNH: So luoc gidi thiSu cac din tdc it ngudi d miSn niii tinh Quang Binh, DT; sd 23, H; 1961 S.NGUYfeN BlNH: Dan tdc Arem va dan tdc Rue, DT, sd A24, H; 1961 4.KH6NG DifiN, NGO VINH BINH, PHAM QUANG HOAN: Su phan bd dan cU d mii Binh Tri Thien, DTH, sd 1978 TRAN CHf DOI, NGUYEN PHU PHONG: M.FERLUS : Lexique Vietnammien - Rue - Francais, Universite de Paris VII, 1988 MAC DUONG: Tun hi^u ngudi Rue d miin mii tinh Quang Binh, NCLS Sd 48-1963 NGUYfiN DlNH KHOA:Thanh p h ^ nhan chiing mdt sd nhdm dan tdc d miin mii tinh Quang Binh, NCLS, sd 121 - 1969 NGUYfiN QUOC LOC (Chu bidn): Cac dan tdc it ngudi d Binh Tri Thifin NXB Thuan Hoi, Hue', 1984 NGUYEN VAN MANH: Ngudi Chiit d viet nam, NXB Thuan boa - 1996 10 NGUYIN VAN MANH: Ngudi Chdt d Binh Tri Thien, TTDT, sd 2/1982 11 NGUYSN HUU THAU: Cac dan tdc thi^u sd t^ Quang Binh trd vao, DT sd va3-1958 12 NGO DlJc TfflNH: vi md'i quan hd tdc ngudi cua cac nhdm d tinh Binh Tri Thidn, DTH, sd - 1991 13 VO XUAN TRANG: Vd cay ddi sd'ng ciia ngudi Rue d Quang Binh, DTH, sd 3-1991 14 LAM BA NAM: Ddi net vi ngudi Arem b miin Tay huyen Bd Trach Tinh Quang Binh, Tap chi Dan tdc hoe, sd 2-1996 15 DINH THANH DU: Van hoa dan gian Bru - Van Kliu, Chut d Quang Binh (Tap I - b a n thao), 11/1999 16 DINH THANH DU: Truydn dan gian Chiit - Ngudn Quang Binh, Tap I giai hdi van nghe dan gian Viet Nam nam 1996 17 TRUNG TAM KHOA HOC XA HOI VA NHAN VAN QUOC GIA: Giao due ngdn ngii va phat tri^n van hoa cac dan tdc thi^u sd phfa Nam.NXB KHXH-1993 244 18 VO XUAN TRANG: Ngudi Rue d Viet Nam Nha xua't ban van hoa dSn tdc Ha Ndi Nam 1998 19 LE QUANG T H I £ M (Chu bien): Dan tdc Bru - Van Kiiu, thuc Crang va gial phap phat tri^n va ben vung Nha xua't ban ndng ngbifip Ha Ndi 1997 20 c u e DIA CHAT VA KHOANG SAN VIET NAM: Di san thien nhien the' gidi vudn qudc gia Phong Nha - Ke Bang Quang Binh, Viet Nam Ha Ndi 2003 21 CAC DAN TOC THI^U SO VIET NAM THfi' KY XX: Nha xua't ban chfnh tri Qud'c gia Ha Ndi -2001 22 PHONG NHA - K BANG TIT TONG QUAN TU LIEU: Sd khoa hpc cdng nghe Va mdi trudng Quang Binh 2002 23 UY BAN DAN TOC vA VU CHINH SACH DAN TOC: Mdt sd va'n de bao ve mdi trudng vung dan tdc va miin mii Nha xua't ban Ha ndi - 2005 24 LifiN HigP cAc HOI KHOA HOC VA KY THUAT V I £ T NAM (VUSTA): Xoa ddi, giam ngheo vung dan tdc thilu sd: Phuong phip tie'p can.Nha xua't banndng nghiep -2002 25 VlfiN NGHB6N CLIU CHINH sACH DAN TOC VA MI6N NUI: Vfo dl dan tdc va dinh hudng xay dung chinh sach dan tde thdi ki edng nghiep boa, hidn dai hoa Nha xua't ban chfnh tri qud'c gia - 2002 26 TRUNG TAM NGHlfiN CUU vA TAI NGUYfiN MOI TRUONG: Quan ky va phat tri^n bin vCtng tai nguyen miin niii Hdi thao khoa hoc- Dai hoc Qud'c gia Ha Ndi - 9/2005 27 D U A N GL^M N G H O M I ^ N TRUNG: Mdt sd dac diim van hoa ciia eae dan tdc thi^u sd ban dia du an H u l - 2005 28 N G U Y I N KHAC TIJNG: Tap quan cu tru va nha d cua cac dan tdc thieu sd d Viet Nam Tap chf DTH sd nam 2000 29 NGUYfiN VAN MANH (CHU BEN) - NGUYfiN VAN HONG- NGUYfiN HUU THONG: Luat tue ciia ngudi Ta dl, Co Tu, Bru - Van Kilu d Quang Tri, Thira Thien Hul NXB Thuan Hoa Nam 2001 30 NGHlfiN CUU LUAT TUC.Bao cao khoa hoc tai bdi thao qud'c tl: Luat tuc va phat triln ndng thdn bidn d Vidt Nam Budn Me Thudt nam 1999 31 HO CHU: Tfnh cha't hanh chfnh xa hdi cua ban lang Bru - Van Kilu Tap chf Cua Viet, sd 18 thang 3/1996 32 LY LUAN vfi VAN HOA VA DU&NG LOI VAN HOA CUA DANG: Hpc vien qud'c gia Hd Chf Minh nam 2005 245 33 PHAM DUG DLONG: vfi MOI QUAN Hfi NGUON GOC CUA CAC NGON NGCrNH6M Viet - Mudng Tap chf DTH 1979 34 NGUYfiN PHU3C BAO DAN: Tii CU tni hang ddng sang nha d (khao sat cac nhdm tde ngudi Chiit phfa Tay tinh Quang Bmh - Phan vien NC VHNT Miin Trung Hul nam 2003 35 NGUYfiN KHAC THAI: San phim van hoa du lich sinh thai Tap chf NC&PTsd 3(56) nam 2006 36 NGUYfiN KHAC THAI: Tilp bien van boa phat triln van boa nghe thuat Miin Trung Nghien ciiu van boa nghe thuat Hue nam 2004 37 NGUYfiN BCHAC THAI: Van boa khu vuc Bdc Miin Trung VSn dl va dinh hudng nghien ciiu VHNT Mien Trung - ky yiu bdi thao khoa hoc, H u l nam 2004 38 NGUYfiN HtJU THONG : Ban vl cac tdc ngudi thilu sd ndi ngdn ngu Viet - Mudng b Bac Miin Trung Viet Nam - Phan vien NCVH Miin Trung thang nam 2003 39 NGUYfiN HUU THONG: Vilng dSft Bic Miin Trung - nhung cam nhan bude ddu- Phan vien NCVH Miin Trung thang nam 2002 40 NGUYfiN HUU THONG: Mdt sd suy nghi vl dac diim va hudng bao tdn nhOng da'u tfch van boa vilng cue bac vuong qud'c Cham-Pa xua - Phan vien NCVH Miin Trung Thdng tm khoa hoc tbang3 nam 2001 41 Lfi XUAN THONG: Tim hi^u thid't che' xa hOi van hoa tinh thdn cua ngirdi Rue d Thugng Hoa, Minh Hoa Quang Binh Dai hoc khoa hoc Uu6 Ni6n luan td't nghiep nam 2003 42 SO LifiU Difiu TRA vfi DONG B A O DAN TINH HINH PHAT TOC THIEU SO TRIEN KINH Tfi' XA HOI VUNG QUANG BINH - Ban dan tdc va miin mii tinh Quang Binh nam 2003 43 s o LifiU Difiu TRA VE TINH HINH PHAT TRIEN KINH Tfi' XA HOI VUNG DONG B A O DAN TOC THifiu SO QUANG BINH - Ban dan tdc tinh Quang Binh nam 2004 44 s o LIEU DIEU TRA VE ITNH HINH PHAT TRIEN KINH Tfi' XA HOI VUNG DONG BAO DAN TOC THIEU SO QUANG BINH - Ban dan tdc tinh Quang Binh nam 2005 45 SO LifiU Difiu TRA VE TINH HINH PHAT TRIEN KINH TE' XA HOI VUNG DONG BAO DAN TOC THIEU SO tinh Quang binh nam 2(X)6 246 QUANG BINH - Ban dan tdc tdn giao 46 s o LifiU Difiu TRA vfi SO LUDNG TRU&NG L P VA CONG TAC PHO CAP G L \ DUC cac trudng THCS, tiiu hoc d xa TTiugng Hoa, Minh Hoa nam hoe 2006-2007 47 s o LifiU Difiu TRA vfi SO LUDNG TRUONG L P VA CONG TAC P H CAP GL\0 DIJC cac trudng THCS, tieu hoc d xa ThugngTrach- Bd Trach nam hoc 2006-2007 48 s o LIEU Difiu TRA vfi SO LUDNG TRU&NG L P VA CONG TAC P H CAP GlAo DUC trudng tiiu hoc d xa Tan Trach nam hoc 2006-2007 49 SO LIEU Difiu TRA vfi SO LUDNG TRUONG L P VA CONG TAC PHO CAP GLAO DUC trudng tiiu hoc d xa Son Trach - Bd Trach nam hoc 2006- 2007 50 TULlfiU DifiN DAVUNG DONG BAO - Kfi BANG CUA N H M TAC GL4 DAN TOC THifiu SO PHONG NHA THUC HlfiN DE TAI NAM 2005 51 TULlfiU DIEN DA VUNG EXDNG BAO DAN TOC THIEU SO PHONG NHA - Kfi BANG CUA N H M TAC G L \ THUC HIEN ofi TAI NAM 2006 52 TU LifiU DifiN DA VUNG DONG BAO DAN TOC THifiu SO PHONG NHA - Kfi BANG 53 BAO QUANG CUA NHOM TAC GL^k THUC HlfiN ofi BiNH 54 TAP CHf NHAT LE 55 TAP SAN S6 VAN HOA THONG TIN QUANG BINH 247 TAI NAM 2007 [...]... trang dan cu Khu vyc Phong Nha Ke Bang ndm trdn dia phan cua 9 xa thudc hai huydn Minh Hda va Bd Trach, dd la cac xa: Dan Hda, Hda Son, Trung Hda, Thugng Hda (Huydn Minh Hda), Xuan Trach, Thugng Trach, Tan Trach, Phiic Trach, San Trach (huydn Bd Trach).Cac xa giap ranh gdm: HungTrach, Phii Dinh (huydn Bd Trach) va xa Trudng Som (huyen Quang Ninh) Miin Tay Bd Trach va Minh Hda la huyen miin mii cua tinh... hinh chuyen tiep Day la kilu dia hinh cd su xen ke phiic tap giua cac khd'i da vdi va dia hinh da luc nguydn Chiing phdn bd rai rac, thudng tap trung d nhung vung chuyen tie'p giiia niii da vdi va da luc nguyen Dia hinh thudng la nhiing dinh niii thdp dudi 800m, tuy khdng hilm trd nhu dia hinh karst nhung cung rdt da dang, phiic tap Khu vuc Phong Nha -Ke Bang ndm chii yd'u trdn dia phan hai huyen Bd... loai cay trdng va vat nudi Dia hinh d day cdn la dilu kien thuan lgi cho cac he ddng thyc vat phat triln phong phii va da dang vl ca sd Iugng va chiing loai Vdi 1.398,58km^ tdng sd didn tfch ddt lam nghidp chid'm gdn 60% dien tfch ty nhidn ca hai huydn, riing Bd Trach va Minh Hda la mdt kho tai nguydn phong phu vl lam thd san, vdi nhiiu loai gd quy nhu: da huang, hue mdc, canh kid'n, lim, tau, go, mun,... thdi ky lich sit Cu thi dia ban cu tni va dan sd ciia cac nhdm tdc ngudi d vimg Phong Nha- Ke Bang nhu sau: 1 Nhom Rue: Hidn nay da sd da dugc dinh canh, dinh cu tai ban Phii Ninh, ban Yen Hgp, ban 6 6 va ban On, xa Thugng Hda, huydn Minh Hda cd 93 hd, 414 khdu [44] 2 Nhom Sach: Sd'ng tuomg dd'i dn dinh d xa Thugng Hda ciia huydn Minh Hda vdi 65 hd, 267 khdu.[44] 3 Nhom May Ngudi May d Thugng Hda cd 11... 39 cd 47 hd, 218 khdu thudc xa Tan Trach, huydn Bd Trach [45] 5 Nhom VSn Kieu : Sd'ng chii yd'u d 2 xa cQa huydn Bd Trach, d Ban Dodng (Tan Trach) cd 13 hd 64 khdu Ban Rao Con (Som Trach) cd 26 hd 142 khdu.[45] Day la nhdm tdc ngudi thidn di tit phfa nam ra va d mdt vi tri khd hiem trd hdu nhu each bidt d bdn ngoai Dd la nhumg thung IQng nam trong khu vyc Phong Nha - Ke Bang di lai rd't khd khan 6... bao dan tdc d Phong Nha - Ke Bang trd ndn thid'u anh sang Nhung nam gdn ddy, Nha nudc da cd nhQmg chucmg trinh hd trg xay dyng ca sd ha tdng nhu giao thdng, thuy lgi, nha d, trucmg hgc, tram y td' da khdc phuc dugc tinh trang thid'u thd'n, lac hau, phdn nao tao dieu kidn cho vide md mang van hoa va timg budc dn dinh ddi sd'ng 23 PHANH NGHlfiN Ctru NHUNG GIA TRI VAN HOA CAC DAN T O C VUNG PHONG NHA -... nha cd hai vg, khi dd vg ea dugc chuyen ldn sd'ng d phdn Pum ciia gian ngoai, nhung khdng dugc ldn phdn Poong, khu vuc danh rieng cho chdng va con trai ldn Tuy nhidn khi da dugc chuyin sang d phdn Pum, luat tuc cdm ngudi vg ca sinh boat vg chdng vdi ngudi chdng ciia minh vi nhu thi se Iam d ul dd'n td tidn, ddng hg va Yang Ddng bao Bru - Van Kilu cho ring khi vg ca chuyin ldn gian ngoai, theo dd vai... bidt thii vi han la cdn tim thdy mdt cai rang bi cut nhu bi giua, bi mai bdi mdt cdng cu sdc cd hai ranh song song Phong tuc ca rang ciia ngudi tiin sit Quang Binh hidn nay vdn cdn d ngudi Thugng [9] Nhu vay Idp cu dan ddu tien d viing nay la nhiing bd lac nguyen thiiy Hg chua bie't lam nha, ma cdn d ddng, d hang, cho nen ngudi ta cQng cdn ggi hg la ngudi cdc hang ddng Hg khdng dimg sdt nhu chiing ta... hoac anh hudng den khu vyc vdi tdc do gid trdn cdp 8 Nhu vay, dac trung cua chi do khi hau ciia viing Phong Nha- Ke Bang vdn mang nhung net chung nha't ciia khf hau Quang Binh la khf hau nhidt ddi gid miia, cd mua he khd ndng va mua dd'n mudn (Thu Ddng), chiu anh hudng manh me ciia bao va gid tfn phong lanh phfa Bdc Khu vyc nay ndm ggn trong luu vyc cua cac ddng sdng sud'i: Rao Thucmg, sdng Chay, sdng... ciia cac ddn tdc vimg Phong Nha-Ke Bang Vl tai nguydn khoang san d Bd Trach va Minh Hda cd the ke dd'n mdt tru lugng ldn md granit da cao tudi, da vdi da't Iam gach ngdi Cdng vdi cac ngudn tai nguydn quy gia khac ciia rimg, ngudn khoang san nay la nhiing tiin dl rdt quan trgng dl phat trien nin kinh te d viing nay Nhin chung dilu kidn ty nhien ciia Bd' Trach va Minh Hda rd't phong phii va da dang Vdi ... Phiic Trach, San Trach (huydn Bd Trach).Cac xa giap ranh gdm: HungTrach, Phii Dinh (huydn Bd Trach) va xa Trudng Som (huyen Quang Ninh) Miin Tay Bd Trach va Minh Hda la huyen miin mii cua tinh... Thuy MiJi ThS Cao Thj Thanh Thuy - Cao hoc Hoang Van Tan - CN Tran Van Ninh - CN Tran Thj Dieu Hong B Ndi DUNG NGHlfiN CtTU Dfi TAI Su can thie't ciia viec nghien cihi: Tii trudrc den viing Phong. .. tgc viing Phong Nha-Ke Bdng" Phan II: "Nghien cicu nhitng di sdn vdn hod vgt the vd phi vdt the ciia cdc ddn tgc vdng Phong Nha - Ke Bdng" Phan III: "Cdc gidi phdp bdo ton vd phdt huy gid tri