The leadership of the nghe an party committee in implementing social policies in the highland districts from 2001 to 2010

1 INTRODUCTION 1. The necessity of thethesis During the innovation period, the Communist Party of Vietnam regarded social policy as a major part of the policy system of the Party and the State. It is also a constituent of Vietnam’s socio-economic development strategy. It has been promoted significantly the process of constructing and protecting the nation. Continue to promote the achievements gain in implementing social policy, Communist Party had lots of guidelines and specific policies in order to address social issues in accordance with national practice before the new requirements, thus contributing to the goal of a prosperous people, a strong nation, democracy, justice, civilization socialist-oriented. Social policy is the issue that the scientists are interested in researching, approaching in many angles such as sociology, ethnography, etc In the perception of Party History, however, rearching about social policy is limited, especially researching in leadership of the local party. Thus, learning about social policy implementation process at the local level to see the creative application of the parties, and better contribute the leadership of the Party about social policy in the innovation. The highland districtsare located in the West of Nghe An Province is an important strategic about socio - economic, defense - security, foreign policy and the ecological environment of the province and the North Central regions. This is the residence of many ethnic people with uneven qualified development. Therfore, the Party and State had multiple policies and mobilize more resources to develop socio-economic, bringing highland districts of Nghe An exit from underdevelopment status. With the attention of the Party and State, more than 25 years of national renewal process ,the highland districts of Nghe An province has achieved significant accomplishments, physical life and people spirit were improved. However, the highland districts of Nghe An province is still a "poor navel" of the province and the nation. The implementation of social policyis still limited. Some prolonged weaknesses, slow recovery as employment issues for employees in the process of international economic integration; not sustainable poverty reduction, the percentage of poor households and poverty remain high; education quality is uneven between urban and rural areas, have not meet the development requirements yet; Vocational training still have many inadequacies; health care system and health services for the mountainous people are scarce; Economic development has not been well combinated to solving social problems Meanwhile, the enemy forces are taking advantage of the ethnic problems, distorting the guidelines and policies of the Party and State Vietnam, propaganda, inciting fellow free migration, destabilize the 2 political situation, social in some highland villages, border of Ky Son, Que Phong, Xiangyang province, creating hotspots in mountainous areas of Nghe An province. That affects the stability and development of the comprehensive highland districts of Nghe An province in particular and in general. So, going deep research the lines and policies of the Party for mountainous in general and the process that the leadership of the Nghe An Party Committee in implementing social policies in the highland districts from 2001 to 2010 in particular, summed up the experience to perform better in the coming period is essential.Therefore, Candidates chose research problems "The leadership of the Nghe An Party Committee in implementing social policies in the highland districts from 2001 to 2010"as doctoral thesis in history, specializing in History of the Communist Party of Vietnam. 2. Research objectives and tasks Purpose of research: clarifying the thesis process Nghe An Provincial Party leaders implemented social policies in the mountainous districts, raises major achievements, pointing out the limitations and draw some initial leadership experience in implementing social policies in the mountainous district from 2001 to 2010. Research mission analysis system lines and policies of the Party and State social policy in general and social policy towards the mountains in the renovation period; Essential characteristics of natural, economic, social mountainous areas of Nghe An impact on the process of implementation of social policy in the area; clarify Nghe An Provincial Party to apply all policies of the Party and State leaders to make some in the mountainous districts of the province in 10 years (2001 to 2010); comment process performed SPB leadership of Nghe An Provincial Party; which summarizes some experience can apply to better implementation of Social Policy in the mountainous districts of Nghe An province in the near future. 3. Objects and scope of research Audience research: research thesis focused operations leader of Nghe An Provincial Party on the implementation of social policy in the mountainous districts of the province. Scope of the Study - Content of research: research thesis focused policy Nghe An Provincial Party Committee, direct the course of a number of social policy in the mountainous districts of the province such as poverty eradication policies and poverty reduction , employment policy, education policy and education, and the protection of people's health care. 3 - Space: Research implementation of social policies in 10 districts and 1 town mountainous provinces of Nghe An (Tuong Duong, Que Phong, Ky Son, Quy Chau, Quy Hop, Con Cuong, Tan Ky, Nghia Dan , Thanh Chuong, Anh Son and Thai Hoa Town). - On time: from 2001 to 2010, over 02 congresses of Nghe An Provincial Party lock XV (2001-2005) and lock XVI (2006-2010). 4. Rationale, methodology and resources Rationale: thesis based on a theoretical basis of Marxism - Leninism and Ho Chi Minh and the Communist Party of Vietnam in terms of social policy. Research Methodology: thesis mainly uses historical methods, logic method. In addition, graduate students use some other methods such as statistical methods, comparison, synthesis, survey Source material: mainly documents of the Party Central Committee, the text of the State, the resolution, the final report of the Party, the People's Committee of Nghe An province and 11 districts mountainous communes, survey data in some mountainous districts. A number of monographs, scientific topics, research paper 5. Contribution of the thesis - Clarifying the characteristics of socio-economic in highland districtsthat has impacted on the process ofthe leadership of the Nghe An Party Committee in implementing social policies. - Analysis of the policy, the leadership of the Nghe An Party Committee in implementing social policies in highland districts (2001-2010). - Clarifying the roles of all levels of Nghe An province Party in implementing some social policies in mountainous areas of the province. - Affirm achievements and limitations in implementing social policy in the highland districts of Nghe An Provincial Party from 2001 to 2010, then summarized some practical experiences. - Systematic of resources on social policy of Nghe An Provincial Party. - The results of the thesis is a scientific basis for Nghe An Provincial Party to have adjustments, supplement guidelines and implement solutions more effectively in local social policy; contribute to summary the leadership of the Party, and State for social policy in the renovation period. 6. Thesis’s structure: Besides the introduction, the overview of the research situation, and conclusions, list of references and appendices, thesis content including 3 chapters, and 7 sections. 4 OVERVIEW OF RESEARCH SITUATION 1.1. The study of social policy in general Social Policy work - some theoretical issues and practical, publisher of social science, 1993 by Bui Dinh Thanh as Editor; Some issues of social policy in our country today, the national political publication, H, 1993 author Hoang Chi Bao; Social policy and innovation management mechanism implementation, the National Political Publishing, 1996 by Tran Dinh Hoan as Editor; Pham Xuan Nam author works Innovation social policy - Arguments and solutions, the National Political Publishing, 1997; Author Louis Charles Viossat and Bruno Palier with social policy and the process of globalization, the National Political Publishing, 2003; Some basic issues of social policy in Vietnam today, the publisher national politics, by Mai Ngoc Cuong as Editor; Party leaders of the social policies implemented during the renovation of Nguyen Thi Thanh, the National Political Publishing, 2011; Vietnam's Communist Party leaders implemented social policy innovation in 25 years (1986 to 2011) of Dinh Xuan Ly, publisher National University, 2011; Scientific foundations for social policy adjustment to agricultural development, rural Vietnam, Publisher of Social Sciences, 2001; Rural social policy: the experience of the Federal Republic of Germany and practical Vietnam Mai Ngoc Cuong made by editors, publishers, Political Theory, 2006; The work of social development issues and social development management now apply for Vietnam, the national political publication, 2012 by Hoang Chi Bao, Doan Minh Huan as co-editor In addition to these published works, a number of research doctoral thesis on the social policies defended at the Institute of Politics - National Administrative Ho Chi Minh as: doctoral thesis combines with party leaders economic development with social policy implemented from 1991 to 2006, 2011 by Pham Duc Kien; Vietnam's Communist Party leaders implemented social policies in the Central Highlands from 1996 to 2006 by Pham Van Ho, 2012. The above discussion of the social policy in terms of both theoretical and practical; Party leadership for social policy and implementation process in a number of localities; position, the role of social policy in economic development - social; the combined effects between economic policy and social policy, between social policy with other policies in the comprehensive 5 development of the country. These are the valuable reference for graduate students in the process of completing the dissertation. 1.2. The study of social policy in the mountainous regions Thesis classified monographs, journal articles by authors in the country and abroad on economic development - social mountainous general and some specific areas of social policy in mountain areas ethnic policy in particular as alleviation of poverty; jobs; education and training and protection, health care; a number of social policy in the region, specific local mountain: Highlands, North West Development works as sustainable upland Vietnam: looking back 10 years and the problems posed , Agriculture Publishing House, 2002; Sustainable development in ethnic minority and mountainous areas of Vietnam, Publishers Ethnic Culture, 2007, by Phan Van Hung as Editor; Some issues of poverty reduction among ethnic minorities in Vietnam, Publisher social sciences, the authors of the 2003 Bui Minh Dao, Nguyen Van Minh, Huynh Dinh Chien, Nguyen Van Tiep, Nguyen Van Thai Council The work highlights the achievements, limitations on economic development - social mountainous nation; opportunities, challenges and propose some solutions in order to implement effective social policy on mountain areas. The project is an important document to help graduate students get an overview and comparison, compare to see specific, characteristic of each region in the process of implementing social policies of the Communist Party of Vietnam. 1.3. The research that is related to social policy in mountainous area of Nghe An province The ecosystem approach works humane and sustainable development of mountainous southwest of the author Nghe An, Le Trong Cuc, Tran Duc Vien, Agriculture Publishing House, 1997; Sustainable mountain development Nghe An Agriculture Publisher 2002 is a collaboration between the People's Committee of Nghe An and Research Center for Natural Resources and Environment, National University of Hanoi; Poverty Assessment of community participation in Nghe An, publisher Social Labor, 2003 by the Poverty Task Force (PTF); Combining economic growth and solve social problems in rural North Central in the process of industrialization and modernization of the author Doan Minh Due and The Dinh Dinh, Nghe Publishing House, 2003; An Art Book - World and new power in the twenty-first century, the National Political Publishing, 2005. 6 Many scientific topics, the journal article reflects on the implementation of social policy in the mountainous districts of Nghe An: Thread scientific research and develop solutions to overcome poverty model Khmu ethnic poverty in Nghe An, Hoang Xuan Luong homeroom, 2004; Proceedings of scientific conference solutions implement the scheme effectively Economic Development - Social western Nghe An provincial People's Committee of Nghe An, 2008; Proceedings of the Congress of Ethnic Minority First Nghe An, Nghe Publishing House, 2009; Author Tran Van Hang with the article "An Art focusing economic development - social improve peoples lives in the West", Communist Review, No. 807, 2010; The "theory" poles of development "and economic problems - society western Nghe An" Ho Thi Thanh Van, Journal of Information Science - Technology Nghe An, No. 12, 2011; "Six training solutions for Nghe An employee mountains" of Quang Hung, Journal of Labor and Social Affairs, No. 288, 2006; co-author of the article, Nguyen Thi Huong and Nguyen Thi Diep "Vocational training for workers in the districts of Nghe An program 30a in integration period", Economic Journal Asia - Pacific , No. 316, 2010… Many articles published in the Journal of Information Science - Technology Nghe An: "The model supports economic development - social Muong Ai Ky Son district," the still of the third floor, No. 1, 2010; "Some results of the application of science - technology in ethnic minority and mountainous areas of Nghe An on contemporary table", No. 2, 2010 by Nguyen Quy Hieu; "The building application models and transfer of science and technology for economic development - social and rural mountainous stage 2004 - 2010 in Nghe An," No. 6, 2010 by Tran Xuan Bi Many master thesis has approached solving social policy on mountain areas in Nghe An province field economics, sociology, protected at the National Academy of Politics and Ho Chi Minh City. Looking a whole, the research works on the under many perspectives, commentary geared to issues of social policy, objects, tasks, views, guidelines for social policy ; the implementation of specific social policies of the Party in the reform era. The work has also clarified the relationship between social policy with economic policy; approaches, including notable approach sociological approach to the study of social policy It is well documented successor to the author, under the thesis used in historical perspective Party Communist Vietnam on a specific area - the mountainous district of Nghe An 7 province. However, no scientific work in depth comprehensive research on the process leading social policies implemented in the mountainous districts of Nghe An Provincial Party from 2001 to 2010. Chapter 1 THE POLICIES AND THE IMPLEMENTATION OF SOCIAL POLICY IN HIGHLAND DISTRICTS OF NGHE AN PROVINCAL PARTY COMMTTEE (2001 – 2005) 1.1. The social policy conception and the factors affecting to the implementation of social policy in the highland districts of Nghe An province 1.1.1. The concept of social policy On the basis of present some views on social policy, confirms the thesis: social policy is a policy to regulate social relations, solve social problems are posing to perform equal, equality, social progress and development of the whole person; facilitating people have prosperous life, liberty, happiness, enjoy the best achievements of the innovation country. 1.1.2. Natural characteristics, economic - social mountainous districts of Nghe An impact implement social policies * Natural features: Mountainous districts of 10 provinces of Nghe An and 1 town (Ky Son, Tuong Duong, Con Cuong, Anh Son, Thanh Chuong. Que Phong, Quy Chau, Quy Hop, Tan Ky, Nghia Dan and marketing Thai Hoa commune), with 217 commune-level administrative units; natural area of 13747.69 km2, accounting for 83.36% of the total natural area of the province. In terms of administrative boundaries, north of Thanh Hoa Province; south of Ha Tinh province; east 4 plain districts of the province; 3 provinces west by the Republic of Lao People's Democratic with 419 km long border. Dissected topography, forming many small areas, harsh climate. Nghe An province is No. 2 on the national forests. The mountainous district of Nghe An province is strategically important political, economic, cultural, especially on defense - security and foreign affairs of the Province and North Central regions. * Economic characteristics – social: The mountainous district of Nghe An province is still the most underdeveloped regions in the province and the country and is facing many difficulties and challenges. The economic structure transformation is slow, labor in agriculture and forestry accounted for 86.4%. Culture, education, health, social many shortcomings and weaknesses, the high rate of poor households; shifting cultivation, nomadic large; The illiteracy rate 8 in a high number of ethnic groups, such as 43% among the Hmong, Khmu ethnic groups is 32.01%. Population, ethnic groups: more than 1 million people, accounting for one third of the provincial population, in which about 41 thousand ethnic minority, mainly living in the mountainous districts. This is also the land of diversity, rich ethnic cultural nuances, which is the dominant Thai culture. However, besides the good cultural values, in the life of ethnic minorities in mountainous districts of Nghe An province survived a number of outdated customs. These are obstacles in the process of implementing social policies in the mountainous regions of the province. 1.1.3. Implementation of social policy in the mountainous district of Nghe An province the early re-establishment (1991-2000) and the requirements of economic development - economic development of the province before the new millennium From all policies of the Party and State reform era, Nghe An Provincial Party leaders implemented social policies on mountainous districts in the first 10 years of re-establishment (1991-2000) achieved the remarkable results. However, in a general way, the mountainous district is still underdeveloped areas, people's life more difficult, needy, high rate of poor households. Education and training are not required to keep up with new, low-quality training. The staff and facility staff professional scientific - technical and insufficient in number, and poor in professional capacity. So, Provincial Party must require timely undertakings, in accordance with the policies in the local mountains Nghe An; strengthen the guidance and supervision of the implementation of social policies into practice mountainous areas. Party government in the mountainous districts to creatively apply guidelines and policies of the Party, State, Provincial Committee, Provincial People's Committee on the specific conditions of the local general power to mobilize of economic development, effectively solve social problems. 1.2. Nghe An Provincial Party has been applied the Party's policies on social policy in the highland districts (2001-2005) 1.2.1. Party's policies on social policy in general mountainous areas, mountainous province of Nghe An in particular Thesis generalized views of the Communist Party of Vietnam in social policy reform era (1986-2000). Starting from the situation of the country entering the twenty-first century, Congress IX and the Central Conference of the IXth have additional, more specific of the Party's policies on social policy with the new content, claims the dialectical unity between social policy with 9 economic policy; economic growth coupled with social justice and social progress within each development step; close the gap regions, implementation of social justice between peoples, between the mountains and the plains under the motto "equality, solidarity, mutual support, help each other grow together". From the general policy, the thesis clearly stated guidelines and policies of the Party and State on the implementation of social policy in the mountainous province of Nghe An province as Conclusion No. 20-KL/TW, dated 02/6 / 2003 of the Political Bureau of results after 2 years of implementing the Resolution of the Ninth Party Congress and the Party Congress Resolution XV Nghe An and some advocated economic development - social Nghe An By 2005 and 2010; 37-NQ/TW Resolution, dated 01/7/2004 of the Politburo on economic development orientation - social security and defense midland and mountainous regions to 2010; 39-NQ/TW Resolution dated 16.08.2004, on economic development - social and ensuring national defense and security of North Central region and Central Coast in 2010 and Decision No. 147/2005 / QD- TTg, date 06.15.2005 Economic Development - Social western provinces of Nghe An in 2010 with the goal of "Bringing Western Nghe An escape from underdevelopment; physical life and spirit of ethnic minorities is enhanced, particularly in ethnic minority areas, border areas; pushing back the social evils; protection of national defense, border security and ecological sustainability”. 1.2.2. Advocates of Nghe An Provincial Party on Social Policy in the mountainous districts (2001 - 2005) From 2001 to 2005, the Party and government Nghe An province has many documents guiding the implementation of social policy in the mountainous districts such as Conclusion No. 13-KL/TU, on 12/12/2002 Results of the implementation of Resolution 14-NQ/TU of Provincial Party Committee (XIII) on economic development - social mountainous and ethnic oriented economic development - linked to social security defense in the highland districts and communes border; Conclusion No. 02-KL/TU Date 17/07/2001 Improving the quality of education and training in mountainous areas and ethnic groups associated with resource development and training of ethnic minorities; Resolution on Strengthening 18-NQ/TU dated 15.01.2004, the political system built facility ethnic minorities, the teacher; The scheme of the training and retraining of staff communes, wards and townships focus is key officers and staff of 10 mountainous communes in 2001-2005; Additional proposals, amendments to a number of policies on ethnic minorities and mountainous which emphasizes economic development combined with a good deal of care for social policy through the integration of projects provincial and national 10 programs; jobs for workers; improve the quality of education and training and health care for people, training and retraining of staff for the mountainous districts, primarily focusing on hunger eradication and poverty reduction, remove the dilapidated, makeshift for the poor mountainous districts. Along with the promulgation of the resolutions, own conclusions about the mountainous, Nghe An Provincial Party Committee has issued several resolutions and directives on specific areas of social policy such as alleviation of poverty; remove dilapidated housing, temporary for the poor; professional development training; improve the quality of education in mountainous areas and ethnic groups associated with resource development and training of the nation; consolidation and strengthening health mountainous districts. 1.3. The process of the leadership of the Nghe An Party Committee in implementing social policies in the highland districts (2001 - 2005) Thesis clarify and direct the implementation process SPB in the mountainous districts of Nghe An Provincial Party Committee, and the writing system of the steering committee of provincial departments, branches, district committees, the rights mountainous districts implement social policies on specific areas: 1.3.1. Make poverty, improve living standards for people in mountainous districts. A highlight is the general health of the community in the direction to clean their houses, temporary poor households in the mountainous districts. By the end of 2005, 7/10 mountainous districts have basically eliminate dilapidated houses, temporary; poverty rate decreased from 26.46% (2000) to 11% (2005). However, the work of poverty alleviation unstable. Parts poor households and poverty is even greater, especially in areas inhabited by ethnic minorities. 1.3.2. Step by step to create jobs for workers in the mountainous districts. Implementing the policy of the Provincial Committee, Provincial People's Committee issued Decision 4949/QD-UB.VX, dated 30/12/2005 on the Development of Vocational Training for employees mountainous 2005-2010 Nghe An with mechanisms and policies to improve the quality of labor in the mountainous districts, which focused on labor export - see here is the breakthrough channel for job creation, poverty alleviation in the district in mountain province. 1.3.3. Develop education and training, and their knowledge, staff training for the mountainous districts. The provincial government and the mountainous districts issued many decisions to improve the quality of education [...]... requires the Party committees, governments and Nghe An provinces in mountainous districts continued leadership and close guidance and more 13 effective to put the mountainous districts soon overcome underdevelopment, towards sustainable development Chapter 2 THE LEADERSHIP OF NGHE AN PARTY COMMITTEE IN IMPLEMENTING SOCIAL POLICIES IN THE HIGHLAND DISTRICTSTO MEET THE REQUIREMENTS PROMOTING THE INNOVATION OF. .. INNOVATION OF THE NATION (2006 - 2010) 2.1 The guidlines of Nghe An Provincial Party about social policy in the highland districts in the new situation 2.1.1 Social Policy of the Party and State requirements before promoting industrialization and modernization On the basis of analyzing the impact of the global situation of the country, continue to confirm the thesis of the Communist Party of Vietnam on social. .. of social policies would be assured 5 The successes, limitations and experiences in the application of social policies process from 2001 to 2010 of Nghe An Provincial Party is the vivid expression, specifying guidelines on social policy of the Party and the State in Nghe An province At the same time, contributing more practical evidences to confirm the correctness of the Party of social policy in the. .. strategy, and is urgency in the new situation With the importance of socialism in the mountain areas, the Party and State has issued lots of Resolutions and mountainous regions develpoment policies, including the highland districts of Nghe An province In order to bring the highland districts in particular and Nge An province in general comprehensively develop, as an economic – cultural center of the North... Policy of the Party from 2001 to 2010, Nghe An Provincial Party has always attached great importance, attention and guidance to promote synergy of political systems and the coordination between agencies, departments of the provinces in implementing social policies Focus motto socialization in implementing social policy, "State and people working together" to effectively use the resources of the State, the. .. yet These require social policy of Party, local authority of Nge An to continue to have an important orientation, breakthrough creative to solve the 27 social policy in mountainous areas, arouse and develop potential, create intrinsic motivation to the highland districts to integrate into the overall development of the province and country 4 During the research about Nghe An Provincial Party in leading... day That is the test of the correctness of social policy in practice, and affirms the efforts and proper orientation of the Party and State in sustainable mountain development * The cause of the achievements - Party and State of Vietnam was aware of the role and importance of social policy in the area are generally mountainous and mountainous districts in Nghe An province, in particular the industrialization,... province in the years 2001 - 2010 showed that awareness of the role and position of social policy of the Party, State officials, party members and ethnic minorities is a leading factor in the decision effectively implement the Party' s policy on social mountainous areas Awareness of the position and role of social policy in the mountainous areas of Nghe An province, is making people understand the concern... summary: In 5 years (2006 -2010) , sticking to the policy of the Party and State on the implementation of social policies hoitren mountainous areas, the Party, the government and the mountainous province of Nghe An leadership, directing the implementation of effective policies eliminate hunger, reduce poverty, create jobs for workers, improving the quality of education - training, strengthening and protecting... strengthen the construction of party organizations at all levels, enhance leadership capacity and combativeness Party organizations and cadres, party members These positive changes in the mountainous district of Nghe An province confirmed leadership capacity and implementing social policies of the Provincial Party for 10 years (2001- 2010) , is the foundation for provincial Party An technologies continue to . policies. - Analysis of the policy, the leadership of the Nghe An Party Committee in implementing social policies in highland districts (2001- 2010) . - Clarifying the roles of all levels of Nghe An province. general and the process that the leadership of the Nghe An Party Committee in implementing social policies in the highland districts from 2001 to 2010 in particular, summed up the experience to perform. development and training of the nation; consolidation and strengthening health mountainous districts. 1.3. The process of the leadership of the Nghe An Party Committee in implementing social policies in