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Research objcetive: Clarify the objective requirements of thai binh provincial party committee’s leadership in agricultural economic development from 2001 to 2010. Analyze, interpret to clarify the policy and direction of Thai Binh provincial party committee in agricultural economic development from 2001 to 2010.
1 INTRODUCTION 1. Overview of the thesis The thesis topic "Leadership of Thai Binh provincial Party committee in agricultural economic development from 2001 to 2010" was selected as PhD thesis on history specialized in history of the Vietnamese Communist Party The thesis focuses on the study of Thai Binh provincial Party committee’s leadership in development of agricultural economy from 2001 to 2010. This is the period when Thai Binh province has just overcome the late 90s of the 20th century, happens widespread crowded petition, destabilizing in rural areas, causing severe consequences in many aspects. Although it had been overcome, the consequences had to continue to resolve during the years of 2001 2010. With the help of the Central Government and the agencies and departments, with bravery, dynamic, creative leadership thinking and very responsible to the people, Thai Binh provincial party committee quickly overcame difficulties and led the people in the province to achieve a lot of achievements socio economic development, of which the most important is the issue of agricultural economic development. The thesis clarifies the factors that affect the leadership of Thai Binh provincial party committee in agricultural economic development; codifies the policy, direction of the Provincial Party committee in agricultural economic development; comments on strengths, limitations, causes of these advantages, limitations; draw experience from the practical leadership process in agricultural economic development of Thai Binh provincial party committee (2001 2010), to apply in reality The issues presented in the thesis are the use of Marxism Leninism perspective and Ho Chi Minh’s ideology, the Communist Party of Vietnam in developing agricultural economy and legacy selectively from researches related to the published topic. The thesis is a new science works which is independent, nonoverlapping with other published scientific works 2. Reasons for choosing the thesis topic Agriculture, farmers and rural areas are especially important issues which have been the foundation, the driving force for the economic development of many countries around the world In Vietnam, during thousands of years of building and defending the country, agriculture, farmers and rural areas have always been a solid basis for the economic, political, cultural social development. Inheriting this tradition, in the comprehensive renewal process of the country, the Communist Party of Vietnam has always identified that development of agricultural economy, rural area is the economic, political and social task which has an important role in the strategy of socio economic development of the country, contributing to Vietnam's economy gaining victories of historical significance Thai Binh is a province of the traditional paddy cultivation for a long time, is the first province in the country with an output of 5 tons of paddy/ha in the resistance war against American invasion. In the period of accelerated industrialization and modernization, proactive, positive in international integration, from 2001 to 2010, Thai Binh province has achieved many socio economic achievements of which the most outstanding point is agricultural economic development. In 2010, Thai Binh maintains total cultivated area of over 160.000ha, with stable average production of over 1.1 million tons/year, the highest in the country, contributing to ensure food security in the country and the province; people's lives are constantly being improved and enhanced; the rural area of Thai Binh has relatively changed. These results are due to the leadership of the provincial party committee with interest in developing the agricultural economy in the overall socio economic development of the province However, by 2010, Thai Binh’s agriculture has shifted to the production of goods, but not strong, with low effect; not forming large area for concentrated commercial production; restructuring of crops, livestock, unplanned and inefficient farm formation, spontaneous family’s farm; intensive, semiintensive aquaculture grows slowly. Activities of cooperative board of agricultural service have slow innovation. Many theoretical, practical issues in leadership, agricultural economic development of Thai Binh provincial Party committee pose requirements for the provincial Party committee to solve, striving by 2020 "Thai Binh becomes the new rural province, with agriculture and industry towards modernization" Look at the leadership of Thai Binh provincial Party committee in agricultural economic development in the years 2001 2010, to confirm the accuracy, innovation in policies and direction of Thai Binh provincial Party committee in agricultural economic development from 2001 to 2010; comment on advantages and limitations of Thai Binh provincial Party committee’s leadership in agricultural economic development (2001 2010); on that basis, draw historic experience to apply in leading the agricultural economic development of Thai Binh provincial Party committee in the new era more effectively. In that sense, I chose the topic: "Leadership of Thai Binh provincial Party committee in agricultural economic development from 2001 to 2010" as my doctoral thesis in history, specialized in history of the Communist Party of Vietnam 3. Research purpose and task 3.1. Research purpose Clarify the leadership of Thai Binh provincial Party committee in agricultural economic development from 2001 to 2010; draw some experience to manipulate into a reality, contributing to make the agricultural economy of Thai Binh province in coming time develop stronger and more effective 3.2. Research task Clarify the objective requirements of Thai Binh provincial Party committee’s leadership in agricultural economic development from 2001 to 2010 Analyze, interpret to clarify the policy and direction of Thai Binh provincial Party committee in agricultural economic development from 2001 to 2010 Review and draw experience from Thai Binh provincial Party committee’s leadership in agricultural economic development in the years 2001 2010 to apply in practice 4. Research objects and scope 4.1. Research objects: Leadership activity of Thai Binh provincial Party committee in agricultural economic development from 2001 to 2010 4.2. Research scope * Regarding the content Research the policy and direction in the agricultural economic development of Thai Binh provincial Party committee. Agricultural economy in broad sense includes: agriculture, forestry and fisheries, in the strict sense includes two main areas of cultivation and animal husbandry, expresses the relationship between man and man, man and the object of labor in agricultural production process Within the thesis’s scope, the fellow focuses on researching the leadership of Thai Binh Provincial Party committee in agricultural economy sector: farming, animal husbandry, aquaculture, seafood processing and elements serving for the development of these sectors * Regarding the time Focus on studying the leadership of Thai Binh Provincial Party committee in agricultural economic development from 2001 to 2010. However, to ensure the systematic nature and achieve the purpose of the research, the thesis has mentioned some relevant issues before 2001 and after 2010 * Regarding the venue In the area of Thai Binh province 5. Theoretical, practical basis and research method * Theoretical basis The thesis is based on Marxism – Leninism, Ho Chi Minh’s ideology, the views and policy of the Communist Party of Vietnam in economic development, including agricultural economy * Practical basis The thesis is done on the practical basis of leadership in agricultural economic development of Thai Binh Provincial Party committee from 2001 to 2010. Also, based on the research results, practical survey of the fellow and following some research results of the relevant announced scientific works * Research method The thesis mainly uses historical method, logical method and combines these two methods; while also using statistical methods, synthesis, comparative method, collation, and expert method 6. New contributions of the thesis Codify the policy and direction of the Party, the Party committee of Thai Binh province on development of agricultural economy Create a vivid, objective, honest picture about the agricultural economy of Thai Binh province in the years 2001 2010, under the leadership of the provincial Party Committee Thereby, confirm the leading role of the Party Committee of Thai Binh province in economic development in general, agricultural economy in particular and the role of agricultural economy in the strategy of socio economic development of the province; raise the reviews, comments and summarize the experience to apply to develop agricultural economy in the near future in Thai Binh province 7. Theoretical, practical meanings of the thesis Contribute to summarize the leadership of the Party and Party committee of Thai Binh province in economic development, including agricultural economy, a major field of Vietnam's economy, and of the province in the years of reform Provide some important data for the Party committee of Thai Binh province to continue policy planning and directing the development of agricultural economy in the new era more effectively The thesis is a reference material for teaching and researching the Party’s history at the locality and institutions, schools, inside and outside the army 8. Structure of the thesis Includes an introduction, an overview of the research issue, 3 chapters, 8 periods, conclusion, list of the author’s published scientific works related to the thesis, list of reference and appendice OVERVIEW OF RESEARCH ISSUE RELATED TO THE TOPIC ON THE LEADERSHIP OF THAI BINH PROVINCIAL PARTY COMMITTEE IN AGRICULTURAL ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT FROM 2001 TO 2010 1. Research situation related to the thesis topic 1.1. Group of researches on agricultural economy, farmers and rural areas in the country The collective authors of scientists from the Central Department of Ideology Culture, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development in the book The Way of industrialization and modernization of agriculture and rural area of Vietnam, referring to the role of agricultural economy and the issues raised in the process of industrialization and modernization; focus on specifying basic viewpoint system in the development of agriculture and rural area of the Party from the Congress III to the Congress IX. The authors offer some models of industrialization and modernization of agriculture and rural areas in countries like Taiwan, Korea with reference value for Vietnam Research on the strategic issues for agriculture and rural development, Nguyen Xuan Thao in the book Contribute to the sustainable development of rural Vietnam, referes to issues such as: the use of land, food security, regional economic planning, rural employment, and benefits to employees The author Dang Kim Son with the book Agriculture, rural Vietnam 20 years of reform and development, replayed the picture of agriculture, rural Vietnam after 20 years of reform The author intended to highlight the important part of restructuring and development of agriculture and rural area, insisted that during the 20 years of reform, industrial agriculture and services structure throughout the country transformed in accordance with the rule, agriculture has always served as a basis for industrial and services development In the book Agriculture, rural Vietnam after twenty years of reform The past and present of Nguyen Van Bich, the author summarized the comprehensive development of agriculture, rural areas and farmers in Vietnam in the twentieth century, especially during the 20 years of reform. Also, clarify many theoretical and practical issues in the process of developing agriculture and rural areas; on production relations, management mechanism during the restructuring of agricultural economy towards commercial production, associated with the processing industry and the socialistoriented market Discussing about the development of agricultural economy in years 1986 2011, the author Nguyen Ngoc Ha has the book The way for agricultural economic development of the Communist Party of Vietnam in the reform period (1986 2011). The author clarifies the process of forming the views and policies of the Party on development of agricultural economy in the reform period; a comprehensive study on agricultural economy; the process of implementing the guidelines and policies on agricultural economic development and the achievements attained. In particular, focused on the central content that is the Party’s leadership in reforming the management mechanisms in agriculture, freeing up labor and promoting the dynamism and creativity of farmers 1.2. Group of researches on agricultural economy, farmers and rural areas in the regions and provinces Researching and introducing the achievements in these fields: manufacturing, building infrastructure – technical basis, new relations of production, new countryside in the South of Vietnam, author Lam Quang Huyen has the book Agriculture, Southern rural area towards the XXI century. The author also analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of the general and specific trends in agriculture when entering the twentyfirst century, clarifying the role and tasks of agriculture, Southern rural area during the industrialization and modernization of the country Author Pham Hung with the book Restructuring the rural economy pursuant to the orientation of industrialization and modernization in the Southeastern today, has clarified a number of theoretical and practical issues about rural development towards industrialization and modernization; generalizing the actual situation of economic development of the rural areas of Vietnam, and the Southeastern countryside. At the same time, present the natural, socio economic characteristics affecting the development of rural economy in the Southeastern area after reform; the difficulties affecting the Southeastern rural economy need research and resolution as market issue, price of materials, agricultural products often unstable, lack of capital for production and business. From this situation, the author provides direction and basic solutions to develop the Southeastern rural economy towards industrialization and modernization In the book Restructuring the industrial – agricultural economy in the Red River Delta the status and prospects by Dang Van Thang and Pham Ngoc Dung, the authors have studied the particular aspects of the process of industrialization and modernization of agriculture and rural area in the Red river Delta and analyze, assess the advantages and disadvantages as well as the achievements and limitations in the restructuring of agricultural economy, the structure of labor, creating jobs for rural workers of the Red River delta Author Mai Thi Thanh Xuan composed the book Industrialization and modernization of agriculture and rural areas in the North Central region (through surveys of Thanh Nghe – Tinh provinces). In particular, raised the advantages and difficulties, achievements and constraints in the process of industrialization and modernization of agriculture and rural area; and draw on experience and give clues about the key measures aimed at developing the agricultural economy in this region of strategic importance in the period of industrialization and modernization. Through resources of materials and actual data which are very rich and reliable of Thanh Hoa, Nghe An and Ha Tinh in the book, the fellow can have further documentation of the provinces to compare with the development outcome of agricultural economy in Thai Binh province during the reform period The scientific works mentioned above contribute to making a fairly comprehensive picture of the development of agricultural economy, rural area of Vietnam under the leadership of the Party; reflecting the creativity of the local Party committee in the leadership to develop the agricultural economy and rural areas. In particular, there are many works already mentioned about the role of the party’s leadership in developing the agricultural economy, the economic restructuring, exploiting the potential, local resources to promote the agricultural and rural development in Vietnam 1.2.3 Group of researches on the development of agricultural economy, farmers and rural area in Thai Binh province The Committee of the Party’s History Research of Thai Binh province composed the book Farmers of Thai Binh province in history. This is the work including many articles of the authors referring to Thai Binh farmers. They have not only staunch revolutionary tradition but also traditional paddy cultivation for a long time Author Nguyen Duong An in the book From Thai Binh, the paddy hometown, refers to natural, sociocultural conditions, human beings of Thai Binh province with many typical characteristic of the Northern plains very convenient for developing a comprehensive agricultural economy, especially promoting the intensive water rice cultivation. The process of formation, exploration of Thai Binh is associated with the trends of converging population flows for exploring, conquesting and renovating Thai Binh region, turning this place into a typical agricultural area In the book Reform and develop Thai Binh’s coastal economic area by Le Cao Doan, with the extensive documentation of geography, history, society economy, authors highlight the basic economic features of Thai Binh’s coastal area. However, the book only offers the readers natural features as well as presents the success experience of the colonists in the history of Thai Binh. The process of coastal economic development in Thai Binh province in the reform period has not been mentioned by the author Two books History of Thai Binh Provincial Party Committee (1954 1975) and History of Thai Binh Provincial Party Committee (19752000) present quite elaborately the historical journey of the Provincial Party Committee. In particular, clarify the important achievements in the economic, cultural, social, security and defense fields of Thai Binh provincial Party committee and the people (19542000). Especially the book History of Thai Binh Provincial Party Committee (19752000) refers to the leadership in economic development of Thai Binh provincial Party committee during the reform, especially the leadership in developing agricultural economy of the provincial Party committee, creating a firm basis for Thai Binh together with the whole country to enter the national industrialization and modernization The book Agriculture, rural area of Thai Binh province status and solution by Bui Si Truy represents a relatively comprehensive look of the whole picture of the nature and people of Thai Binh province, infrastructure and conditions for socio – economic development. From which the authors examine the potential and actual situation of economic – social development of Thai Binh province, while highlighting the issues faced by the development and economic growth of Thai Binh province in the reform years Studying some features of the socio economic achievements in Thai Binh province, the author Nguyen Duong An composes the book Thai Binh at the reform era This book not only introduces the socio economic achievements of Thai Binh province, but also highlights the achievements in the field of agricultural economic development. In particular, the development of agriculture in Thai Binh province in the reform era has opened up new possibilities for farmers and the agriculture of Thai Binh province to be able to become rich on their own land 2. Generalize findings of the published scientific works and issues that the thesis focuses on solving 2.1. Generalize findings of the published scientific works From an overview of researches related to the thesis topic, there are some highlights as below: Firstly, the scientific works researching issues related to the agricultural economic development are rich and diverse, with many different approaches from the perspective of history, economics, politics throughout the country, in different regions but they all clearly assure the position, role and importance of agricultural economy on the socio economic development of the country, 10 the regions and of each individual province. In Vietnam, the agricultural economic development has always been concerned by the Party, the State’s leadership to develop agricultural production, contributing to promote the socio economic development, stabilize people's lives, thus Vietnam's revolution won many victories, surging ahead on the path of national development Secondly, the aforementioned scientific works initially codified the guidelines and policy of the Party, some Party committees on agricultural economic development during the reform, industrialization and modernization. These works reconstructed a quite comprehensive picture on the situation of developing agricultural economy of Vietnam under the leadership of the Party during the reform period Thirdly, a number of researches have summarized and evaluated the results, drawn experience, proposed policies and measures to improve the efficiency of agricultural economic development on a national scale, in some areas and some localities in the period of accelerated industrialization and modernization of the country, proactive, positive in international integration Fourthly, the researches on agricultural economy of Thai Binh province have mentioned a number of issues related to the thesis, to clarify the advantages of the province in agricultural economic development; the process of developing agricultural economy of Thai Binh province through historical periods; clarify the roles of agricultural economy in the process of socio economic development of the province and improve people's lives in the province However, through researching and studying the scientific work presented in the overview, there is not any scientific work to examine the leadership process of Thai Binh provincial Party committee in agricultural economic development from 2001 to 2010. Hence, this is still one of the "gaps" that have not been adequately studied, setting for the thesis author to examine and clarify. The systematization and collection of these works are important references, providing the scientific foundations for the author to continue researching, building and completing the thesis 2.2. Issues that the thesis focuses on solving Based on an overview of studies related to the topic Leadership of Thai Binh provincial Party committee in agricultural economic development from 2001 to 2010, the thesis focuses on the following major contents: 14 close links among agro industries services – market Objective: Ensure national food security strategy and maintain food productivity of 1 million tons/year. There is about 300 thousand tons of food for exports. Average food per capita is 600 kg/year. The value of agricultural production by the year 2005 reached 4,659 billion dong (comperative price in 1994), the average growth rate is at least 3.5% / year Tasks and solutions: For cultivation, take high economic efficiency per 1 unit of area for plant layout; strongly convert rice structure and ensure to reach production targets and highquality rice cargo. Transfer of 10% 15% low effective rice area into the culture of other plants, animal with higher economic value; strive to bring the area of winter crops by 40% 45% of the cultivated area, focus on the crops with high commercial value. On breeding, restructure, improve breeding, and focus on the animal with high consumer market and economic value; increase lean pigs, Sind cows, industrial chicken, French geese, superegg duck and other specialty animal. Make the share of the livestock sector increase from 21% (2000) to 30% (2005) and 35% (2010). Gradually form the concentrated breeding areas to create raw materials for processing, firstly the farming regions of lean pigs with the farm scale. About aquaculture and fishery, promote economic exploitation of the sea, rapidly develop into a key economic sector 1.3. Thai Binh Provincial Party committee directs the agricultural economic development 1.3.1. Direction in the agricultural economic development Implementing the Resolution of the 16th provincial Party Congress (2001 2005), Thai Binh provincial Party committee has directed restructuring of agricultural economy, rural areas towards production of goods associated with the processing industry and consumption market, through the resolutions of the Party's executive committees, the provincial standing committee, the provincial People's Committee Direction in farming: Restructuring crops, disposition of rotation crops of 34 cases/year. Expand the area of winter crops to 38 thousand hectares, 10 thousand hectares of colorswitching land built into the concentrated zones producing export vegetables including potatoes, melons of all kinds, tomatoes, peppers, onions, garlic, area of maize, peanuts, soybeans continues to grow rapidly on a large scale Direction in developing the breeding: Strongly transform breeding method to semiindustrial and industrial ones, gradually form concentrated breeding areas to produce raw materials for processing, firstly livestock and farms. Implement synchronously technical measures: seed, feed, cages, care, veterinary, and processing Direction in developing the marine economy: Accelerate economic 15 growth, restructure the agricultural economy, increase income, and improve people's lives. "Strive that by 2010, the area of farming, cultivation reaches 7 thousand hectares or more". In 2005, the production value of agriculture, forestry and fishery reached 4,821 billion dong (fixed price in 1994), increasing 2.49%; in particular, the value of livestock production reached 1.220 billion dong, increasing 17.53% 1.3.2. Direction in renovation and construction of infrastructure for development of agricultural economy towards industrialization and modernization On the basis of the overall planning of socio economic development of the province, Thai Binh provincial Party committee directs sectors, districts and cities to review, supplement and build the overall planning of socio economic development of the district, cities, communes and towns; plan the development of each sector in the years 2001 2005 and until 2010, ensuring the requirements of socio economic development, urban construction, sustainable rural area and environmental protection Thai Binh province focuses all resources and investment capital to build infrastructure, develop socio – economy On the renovation and construction of technical infrastructure serving agricultural development, Thai Binh provincial Party committee directs to focus on investment, development and completing irrigation system for intensification, increased crops, harnessing land power. Accelerate the consolidation program of canals In cultivation: The provincial Party committee directs the planning, zoning to switch crops, ensuring the synchronization among production, processing and consumption; creating focused commodity production areas including: the industrial crops, fruit trees, herbs, specialized crops, seeding rice, highquality rice, In breeding: Direct construction and implement a master plan for development of livestock across the province, each locality; seriously pay attention to planning concentrated breeding areas in villages, communes and towns. The planning and management of investment in basic construction of Thai Binh province from 2001 to 2005 have changed 1.3.3. Direct to form regions of focused agricultural production Thai Binh Provincial Party committee directs to accelerate economic restructuring in agriculture and rural area in the direction of industrialization and modernization, strongly moving livestock to producing goods and making livestock become the main manufacturing industry, becoming a breakthrough in comprehensive agricultural development. Conduct planning, zoning conversion of crops and livestock, ensuring the synchronization among production, processing and consumption; make a concentrated commodity production zone. As a result, agricultural production of Thai Binh province (2001 2005) had significant developments. Agriculture, forestry and fisheries develop towards enhancing the value and efficiency, gradually shifting to commercial production 1.3.4. Direct the state management and reform mechanism, policy in 16 agricultural development In the process of implementing the policy of the provincial Party committee on agricultural economic developmental (2001 2005), Thai Binh Provincial People's Committee has issued many policies to develop agriculture, forestry and fisheries On 27/02/2002, the Provincial People's Committee issued Decision No.59/2001/QDUB on a number of policies to encourage economic restructuring of agriculture; on 06/05/2003, the Provincial People's Committee issued Decision No 1041/2004/QDUB on some policies to support the development of typical model of field worth 50 million dong or more/ha/year; on 23/07/2004, the Provincial People's Committee issued Decision No.73/2004/QDUB on a number of policies to support and encourage the restructuring of crops and livestock; on 24/12/2005, the Provincial People's Committee issued Decision No 117/2005/QDUB on mechanisms and policies to develop the livestock the Provincial Standing Committee also launched programs and schemes to implement the objective of industrialization and modernization of agriculture and rural areas, continue the restructuring of agricultural economy; policies to support and encourage the restructuring of crops and livestock; policy on livestock development; exchanging and combining fields and so on contribute significantly to the province's agricultural economic development 1.3.5. Direct to build human resources to meet the requirements of agricultural development towards industrialization and modernization Thai Binh Provincial Party committee directs the agricultural human resource development, especially the scientific staff with high qualification, team of management staff and transfering technical advances, the rural labor force with technical expertise to acquire, implement science, advanced technologies, ensuring to be the key force in developing agriculture Develop policies to attract, strengthen managerial and skilled technical, scientific staff to work in commune’s cooperative organization and communes. These officials besides receiving salaries and allowances as prescribed, are entitle to the bonus of the commune’s cooperative organization pursuant to their contribution. From 2001 to 2005, vocational training for agricultural workers has prospered. In 2005, the province has created jobs for 25,000 employees. Schools, vocational training institutions in the province have trained 17,300 people; newly established two vocational training centers in Tien Hai and Thai Binh Pedagogical College Conclusion of chapter 1 In the early years of the twentyfirst century (2001 2005), derived from local practices; creatively applying the Party's guidelines, policies on economic development in general, agricultural economy in particular, Thai Binh provincial Party committee has set out a policy to develop the province’s agricultural economy, in order to develop a comprehensive and firm 17 agricultural economy. At the same time, Thai Binh provincial Party committee always keeps abreast of local practices, directing the Party committees, governments, authorities to focus effort on implementing the province’s agricultural economic development. Thus, the agricultural economy of Thai Binh province constantly innovates and develops comprehensively, improving productivity and quality of agricultural products, contributing to improving the lives of farmers, changing the face of Thai Binh’s rural area Besides, the agricultural economy of Thai Binh province still has some limitations, weaknesses, especially in the stage of implementation; there is no utilization and fully exploiting the efficiency of agricultural land and water; quality and competitiveness of agricultural products of Thai Binh province Require the provincial Party committee, government, professional agencies at all levels and farmers of Thai Binh province must be fully aware of these limitations and shortcomings, timely adjust and supplement the policy, direction to boost agricultural development of the province in the coming years, in order to build Thai Binh into the province with developed agriculture, new rural construction, economic structure of agriculture, industry and services suitable with the local practices Chapter 2 LEADERSHIP OF THAI BINH PROVINCIAL PARTY COMMITTEE IN PROMOTING AGRICULTURAL ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT FROM 2006 TO 2010 2.1. New factors affecting the promotion of agricultural economic development in Thai Binh province 2.1.1. The policy of the Communist Party of Vietnam in developing agricultural economy The 10th National Party Congress (42006) issued the policy on continuing the promotion of industrialization and modernization of agriculture and rural area, synchronically resolving issues of agriculture, farmers and rural areas Viewpoint: Promoting industrialization and modernization of agriculture and rural area, synchronically resolving issues of agriculture, rural areas and farmers Objective: Strive the value added in agriculture, forestry and fishery to increase from 3 to 3.2%/year. Attach economic development with new rural construction, better address the relationship between rural and urban areas, between regions, contributing to maintain political – social stability Direction: Vigorously restructure agriculture and the rural economy in the direction of creating increasing added value, in association with the processing industry and the market; Continue to implement programs to protect and develop forests towards reforming the policy on allocation of land 18 and forest; Develop comprehensively and efficiently the farming, catching, processing and protecting fisheries resources; Strengthen activities on agricultural, forestry and fishery promotion; Urgently develop the planning on rural development Task, solution: Create strong changes in agriculture, rural economy and improve people's lives; Accelerate the process of restructuring agriculture and rural economy; Develop aquaculture towards great production of goods coupled with ecological environmental protection; Construct to complete plannings for agricultural and rural area development 2.1.2 New challenges for the promotion of agricultural economic development of Thai Binh province The economic development of Thai Binh province is not solid, the growth rate and GDP per capita remain low compared to the average of the whole country and in the region. In 2000, the growth rate of GDP per capita reached 4.5%, lower than the average level of the country (6.7%) and has not achieved its objectives (12% or more). In 2005, the province's GDP growth rate reached 7.8%, lower than the national average rate (8.4%). The process of restructuring the agricultural economy in Thai Binh province happens slowly, especially slow to switch to the production of goods; small, dispersed production scale. Thai Binh is an agricultural province, but investment capital for construction of infrastructure, agriculture, rural, agricultural promotion, forestry promotion, fishery promotion, restructuring crop and cattles is still limited Compared to other provinces in the Red River delta, Thai Binh remains a poor province, under many pressures in terms of population, labor and employment 2.2 The policy of Thai Binh provincial Party committee on promoting agricultural economic development The 17th Party Congress of Thai Binh Province (12/2005) assessed the strengths, weaknesses of the leadership, directing the 5year plan (20012005); Grasping and applying the Party’s viewpoints and policy into the local practices, suggest directions, goals, tasks and key measures of 5 years (20062010): Viewpoint: Develop comprehensively the agriculture and rural economy in the direction of industrialization and modernization Strongly transform agriculture to commercial production Objective: The production value of agriculture, forestry and fishery increases by 4.8% / year Tasks and solutions: First, comprehensively develop agriculture in both farming and breeding with speed, quality, efficiency, ecological environment protection; enhance the competitiveness of products in the market Second, implement the restructuring of plant, animal pursuant to planning to form a 19 concentrated production area, overcome the fragmented, scattered, spontaneous transformation. Third, develop the breeding with high speed, putting breeding actually become the main production sector. Planning, building the concentrated breeding areas; promote livestock farming according to the industrial, semi industrial manners Fourth, promote the fishing, aquaculture and seafood processing; in which focused aquaculture pursuant to the intensive, semi intensive manners is the breakthrough of economic growth in fisheries Fifth, develop protection forests; continue planting and intercropping 8,500 hectares of mangroves and 3000 hectares (conversion) of interior forest trees Sixth, strengthen the state management of the quality of seeds, livestock, industrial food, plant protection pepticide, and veterinary drugs and so on 2.3 Process of directing to promote agricultural economic development of Thai Binh provincial Party committee 2.3.1. Direct to promote the comprehensive agricultural economic development in the direction of industrialization and modernization Grasping the policy, guidelines and policies on agricultural development of the Party, State, derived from the local real situation, from the Resolution of the 17th Provincial Party Congress, the provincial people’s committee has timely implemented the construction of programs, projects and timely, synchronically issue mechanisms, new policies to promote agricultural development in a comprehensive manner towards industrialization and modernization In cultivation, the provincial People's Committee has focused on directing to strongly develop vegetables and winter crops; issue many specific decisions, in line with the annual production situation; direct to promote the development of agricultural production. Enhance application of measures of advanced farming techniques in the production process. As a result, area of crops, winter crops reaches 56,571ha on average, an average increase of 10,182 ha/year; basically completed the objectives, contributing to improving the production value / ha of arable land per capita in 5 years (20062009) to 4.5% In livestock sector: Direct the implementation of construction of the focused livestock, poultry, and aquaculture areas. Direct to build and deploy the projects on development of animal husbandry farms at large scale, processing livestock As a result, agricultural, forestry, fishery production develops relatively comprehensively in crops, livestock and aquaculture towards enhancing the value and efficiency, gradually shifting to commercial production. In 2010, the production value of agriculture, forestry and fishery products reached 6,189 billion dong (comparative price in 1994), increasing 6.27%; in which agriculture increased 5.73%, fishery increased 10.28% compared with 2009 20 Exploitation of fisheries, Thai Binh Provincial Party committee directs the planning of aquaculture development towards diversity, promoting the advantages of each region associated with the market; value the form of industrial farming, intensification as mainly for freshwater, brackish and salt water aquaculture; farming associated with, processing to ensure hygiene, and food safety. From 2001 to 2010, fishery productivity increased rapidly. Fishery production value increased by an average of 11.3%/year; in 2010, accounting for 12.5% of total production value of agriculture, forestry and fisheries 2.3.2. Direct the economic restructuring in agriculture by promoting industrialization and modernization Grasping and applying policies and guidelines of the 10th Party Congress, the provincial Party committee has actively planned the development of agriculture in Thai Binh province to promote restructuring of agricultural economy towards industrialization and modernization of agriculture and rural area: "Implement the restructuring of plant, animal pursuant to planning to form a centralized production area creating specialized areas, large cargo volume." The Provincial Party Committee directs the economic restructuring of agricultural economy sector, restructuring the regional economy, forming many concentrated production areas with large scale applied into science and new technologies to create more products with good quality, meet the requirements for development of processing industry and consuming. As a result, in the area of cultivation, there is a significant shift. The livestock sector develops at highspeed. The proportion of livestock in the agricultural structure increases, gradually changing the structure of agriculture in a positive direction. In 2004, the share of livestock reached 24.25%; in 2009 reached 10.07%, increasing 34.41% compared with 2004 2.3.3 Direct to strengthen the state management and reform mechanism, policies in agricultural development From 2006 to 2010, the provincial committee, People's Committee have directed all sectors and localities to integrate and effectively implement national target programs, the funding programs and projects of the central government; simultaneously, implement a number of mechanisms and policies to mobilize the people’s resources at the locality. Direct the Department of agriculture and rural development to advise and plan the quality rice, the crops, winter crops, the development projects of soybean, maize, potatoes and vegetables for exporting; direct the planning and zoning of agricultural goods production, restructuring plants and animals; enhance the application of science, technology and mechanization of production. The total production 21 value of agriculture, forestry and fisheries in 2010 reached 6,189 billion VND, increasing 6.27% compared with 2009. The economic structure within the agricultural sector has positive changes: Horticulture accounts for 61.87 %, decreasing 0.71%; livestock accounts for 35.08%, increasing 0.67%; fishery accounts for 12.55%, increasing 0.46% compared to 2009 The support mechanisms and policies of province, district and local authorities have promoted the role of economic leverage, contributed to raising incomes and improving the lives of farmers. The average GDP per capita (in current prices) increased sharply, from 6.09 million VND / person (386 USD) in 2005 to 16.2 million VND (850 USD) in 2010, 2.66 times more than the 2005 (the 17th provincial Party Congress plans to increase 12.5%) 2.3.4 Direct to promote renovation and construction of technical infrastructure serving the agricultural development towards industrialization and modernization From 2006 to 2010, Thai Binh provincial Party committee continues to direct the construction and implementation of mechanisms, policies and stimulus of the government, has mobilized all resources to invest in building economic – social infrastructure in rural area, helping to change the face of rural area, serving agricultural development, rural area and people's health Steer to upgrade, complete the construction of irrigation systems to ensure the strong development of agricultural production. Focus on mobilizing all resources for the renovation, upgrading and construction to complete the rural transportation systems Steer new rural construction planning in compliance with the procedures and regulations; ensure democracy, openness and unity in the Party and the people. By 2010, 100% of communes have developed the approved projects on building new rural area; 96% of communes finished exchanging agricultural land 2.3.5. Direct to promote the human resource development to meet the requirements of agricultural development towards industrialization and modernization This is a strategic issue in the period of accelerating industrialization and modernization of Thai Binh province in the years 2006 2010. The provincial Party committee has directed to expand sectors and create more jobs for employees in the direction of shifting agricultural labor to industry, construction and services. Implement training programs of scientific staff, profession and services to be qualified and capable of acquiring the mastery of new technologies Training activities and 22 vocational training for employees are expanded with the participation of many organizations; diversification of forms, professions and training levels, have mobilized many resources, particularly infrastructure, expansion of joint ventures, cooperation to bring high social effectiveness Increase training of human resources in rural areas, receive rapidly and widespread apply science, technology and create the breakthrough for the modernization of agriculture and rural areas. Labor structure shifts towards positive direction: By 2010, the proportion of labor in the agricultural sector fell from 66% in 2005 to 62.3%; labor in nonagricultural sectors (industry construction, services) increased from 34% to 37.7% Conclusion of chapter 2 From 2006 to 2010, Thai Binh provincial Party committee has had many guidelines and policies on economic development in general, agricultural economy in particular, towards promoting industrialization and modernization The Party's policies on economic development, including agricultural economy have been creatively applied into the local practices by Thai Binh provincial Party committee, setting out the policy and direction of government, authorities, unions and people to implement The guidelines and direction to boost the agricultural economic development of Thai Binh provincial Party committee in accordance with the specific conditions of the locality have brought practical results, contributing to make the agricultural economy of Thai Binh province develop towards the modern and sustainable production. The economic structure shifs in a positive direction; has met and exceeded many key indicators of plant, livestock, crop structure; on productivity, product quality, competitiveness of agricultural products of the 5 year plan 20062010 These results contribute to improving people's lives in rural areas, building new rural areas, associated with the urbanization process, strengthening national defense and security of the province 23 Chapter 3 COMMENT AND EXPERIENCE 3.1. Some comments 3.1.1. Advantages First, Thai Binh provincial Party committee thoroughly grasps, creatively applies guidelines and policies of the Party and State on agricultural economic development to the local practice, setting the appropriate guidelines on agricultural economic development Second, the leadership in agricultural development of Thai Binh provincial Party committee from 2001 to 2010 has prompted the agricultural economy to develop towards industrialization and modernization Third, in the leadership process to develop agricultural economy, the provincial Party committee has set out guidelines and direction on the formation of specialized production areas, focusing, improving the productivity and product quality Fourth, there are advocacy and direction to construct infrastructure for the agricultural economic development changing agricultural infrastructure, rural area structure, contributing to building the new rural area, improving farmer’s livelihoods These advantages result from the fact that Thai Binh provincial Party committee knew to creatively apply the Party's policies and promote the experiences and achievements gained during the agricultural economic development of the province, mobilized all local resources, the power of the people to develop agricultural economy, build the rural economy, improve people's lives 3.1.2. Limitations and causes * Limitations: First, some policies of Thai Binh provincial Party committee on agricultural economic developmental, the grasping and implementing are not highly effective and sustainable; the outcomes of agricultural economic developmental still have some limitations Second, the systems of mechanisms, policies on agriculture, farmers and rural areas are not consistent and there are many obstacles Third, the State management on a number of agricultural sectors is still inadequate * Causes: Objective reasons: The starting point of the economy is low, limited budgets, lack of investment capital for the socio economic development; some state policies are not synchronized; the consequences of the previous 24 instable years in Thai Binh are so heavy; natural disasters, epidemics still regularly threaten production; the downside impact of the market economy and international, regional integration Subjective reasons: Some executive committees, governments at all levels, especially at the grassroots level are not really dynamic, creative and de termined in implementing guidelines and policies of the Party, the State and the provincial party committee on agricultural economic development Many mechanisms and policies related directly to the agricultural sector and rural areas are still inadequate as the Land Law, land acquisition policy, changing the purpose of land use, the system of financial policies and credit yet been thoroughly studied and properly applied 3.2. Main experiences 3.2.1. Regularly master, creatively apply the Party’s policy on the development of agricultural economy into the local practices, set out the close and right guidelines Grasping the Party's guidelines on the development of agricultural economy (2001 2010), the 16th Congress Party of Thai Binh province (2001), 17th (2006) and the resolutions of the provincial Party executive committee, the Provincial Standing Board from 2001 to 2010 have set a policy to develop agricultural economy including: a system of perspectives, directions, goals, tasks and solutions for comprehensive economic development of agriculture and rural area towards industrialization and modernization strongly converting into the production of goods and serving exports In the process of planning policy and guidance on agricultural economic development in Thai Binh province (2001 2010), the Party committee at all levels are the nuclear in leading, implementing the Party’s line, setting guidelines and policies on agricultural economic development of the Province on the basis of thorough studying and applying the Party's resolutions on local practices creatively, flexibly. The Party executive committees at all levels are the direct, comprehensive institution leading all activities of the province in agricultural economic development. The coordination among all levels and sectors, social organizations, people creates consensus in society, is the important factor crucial to successfully implement policies of the Party and provincial party committee on agricultural economic development in the years 20012010 3.2.2. Based on the people, promote the strength of the people in the development of agricultural economy In the documents of Thai Binh provincial Party congresses (20012010), it is stated that: promoting democracy at the grassroots level, based on the people, improving the creativity and the power of the masses in reforming the 25 organization and production have the most important position. This policy reflects the practical needs in Thai Binh province and penetrates the view of "people as the foundation" of the Party, the ideology of Ho Chi Minh. In developing agricultural economy, Thai Binh farmers are not only beneficial from the investment of the State, locality, collective, but also consult in planning the guidelines, policies and inspect the leadership, administration and production organization of the committees, local government The provincial Party committee implemented effectively the connected policy among four parties: the State, scientists, entrepreneurs and farmers in agricultural development 3.2.3 Agricultural economic development towards modernity associated with the process of urbanization, new rural construction, strengthening of national defense and security The leadership process of Thai Binh provincial Party committee in agricultural development is always associated with the development of industry and other economic sectors, gradually formed the towns, townships, industrial parks, industrial clusters, traditional villages interspersed among agricultural population groups into one unified body of a modern rural structure. From 2001 to 2010, Thai Binh provincial Party committee has issued many policies and developed many projects on socio economic development, building specific planning of residential areas, industrial zones and clusters as well as new urban areas Industrialization and modernization of agriculture and rural areas contribute decisively to build the ball of national defense, people's security posture in the provincial areas. During the agricultural economic development, the Party committees at all levels have frequent care, building a comprehensive strong base, maintaining security, politics, social order and safety, implement democratic regulations at the grassroots, build new cultural life in residential areas, new urban areas, and industrial zones 3.2.4. Strengthen to firmly hold the leadership roles of the Party executive committees to meet the requirements of leading the agricultural economic development The Party committees regularly well do the political, ideological education, improve the quality, competence, ethics and lifestyle for cadres and the masses. Regularly strengthen the Party’s grassroots organizations to be strong and clean The provincial Party committee has focused on directing construction, and promoting the leadership role of the Party’s various grassroots organizations, especially the Party's grassroots organizations in rural areas, in the specialized agencies relevant to steering and operating the agricultural economic development of the province The provincial Party committee is especially interested in building official staff to meet the requirements of socio economic development, especially agricultural economic development 26 Conclusion of chapter 3 From 2001 to 2010, under the close, prompt, flexible and creative leadership and guidance of Thai Binh provincial Party committee, the industrialization and modernization of agriculture and rural areas in Thai Binh province have many positive changes and gain many important achievements in planning policy, steering implementation and effective in practice. Thereby confirm that the policy on agricultural economic development of the provincial Party committee is correct and properly reflects the Party's policies, stick to the local practices, contributes to make the agricultural economy of Thai Binh province flourish more strongly and firmly However, the agricultural economy of Thai Binh province still has some limitations. From this reality, the thesis draws on four experiences with reference value to practice CONCLUSION 1. Thai Binh is a province in the Red River Delta with natural, socio economic conditions suitable for comprehensive agricultural economic development. In the years 2001 2010, Thai Binh provincial Party committee thoroughly grasped, creatively applied the Party's policies on economic development in general, agricultural economy in particular to the local practice, gradually forming, developing, completing the policy on agricultural economic development of the province That policy includes a system of orientations, objectives, tasks and solutions to build the comprehensive agricultural economy of Thai Binh province towards commercial production and modernization. Develop agriculture and rural area in the direction of industrialization and modernization, tied the comprehensive agricultural development to building a new countryside and urbanization process, strengthening national defense and security in the province 2. After the policy on agricultural economic development of the province, derived from local practices, based on the capabilities and aspirations of the masses, the provincial Party committee has instructed the different levels, sectors and people in the province to implement the policiesof the Party, the provincial Party committee on agricultural economic development, focusing on directing the development of both farming, breeding, special attention given to make breeding a main production sector with aquaculture, seafood farming as the breakthrough stage. Implement suitable agricultural restructuring, build technical infrastructure serving for agricultural development; construct and develop rural human resources to meet the requirements of 27 industrialization and modernization; focus on directing and building the concentrated production, breeding areas of largescale and reform policies to encourage all organizations and individuals to concentrate efforts on developing agricultural economy towards commercial production and modernization From the leadership process of Thai Binh provincial Party committee in agricultural economic development (2001 2010), the thesis outlines four advantages and specifies three restrictions, while clarifying objective, subjective reasons of these advantages and restrictions. Thereby, confirm the correctness and creativity in policy and directing the implementation of agricultural economic development of the provincial Party committee, confirm the leadership role of the provincial Party committee and implementation stages of the authorities, functional agencies and the role of the masses in developing agricultural economy. Those are important factors deciding to make the agricultural economy of Thai Binh province (2001 2010) comprehensively, strongly developed, making Thai Binh from an agricultural province turn into a province with the economic structure of agriculture industry service towards the modernity, building Thai Binh province with modern economic structure of agriculture industry service Researching the leadership activities of Thai Binh provincial party committee in developing agricultural economy for 10 years (2001 2010), the thesis draws 4 experience: 1 Thai Binh provincial Party committee thoroughly graspes, creatively applies the way, guidelines and policies of the Party and the State on the agricultural economic development to the local situation, developing suitable guidelines on agricultural economic development; 2. Based on the people, promote the strength of the people in the development process of agricultural economy; Develop agricultural economy towards modernity associated with the urbanization process of new rural construction, strengthening national defense and security; 4. Strengthen to maintain the leadership role of the Party executive committees to meet the requirements on leadership in agricultural economic development. These experiences were gained from the practice, with theoretical and practical meaning, reference value in building and developing the current agricultural economy of Thai Binh provincial Party committee 28 The spirit of initiative and creativity of the provincial Party committee, the diligent, creative nature, experience in the agricultural production of the people in Thai Binh province and strict leadership of the Central Party Committee are the basic factors guaranteeing the agriculture of Thai Binh province continue developing comprehensively, powerfully, more strongly, contributing significantly to make Thai Binh province become economically prosperous, strong in national defense security, and developed culture society ... of Thai Binh provincial Party committee s leadership in agricultural economic development from 2001 to 2010 Analyze, interpret to clarify the policy and direction of Thai Binh provincial ... committee and the people (19542000). Especially the book History of Thai Binh Provincial Party Committee (19752000) refers to the leadership in economic development of Thai Binh provincial Party committee during the reform, especially the leadership in developing agricultural economy of the ... leadership of Thai Binh provincial Party committee in agricultural economic development in the years 2001 2010, to confirm the accuracy, innovation in policies and direction of Thai Binh provincial Party committee