Research objectives: Interpret to clarify the rationale, practical basis in building political officer staffs in the army from 2001 to 2010. Systematically present guidelines and the direction of the Army’s Party executive committee to build political officer staff from 2001 to 2010; review and draw some experience from the leadership process of the Army’s Party executive committee to build political officer staff from 2001 to 2010.
1 INTRODUCTION 1. Overview of the thesis The topic "The leadership of the Army’s Party executive committee to build political officer staff from 2001 to 2010", was studied in terms of historical science, major in history of the Communist Party of Vietnam. The thesis topic outlined a number of issues such as impact factors and objective requirements to strengthen the leadership of the Party executive committee of the Army for the formulation of political officer staff Codify the policy and direction; simultaneously, making the initial remarks, on that basis draw some main experience from the leadership of building political officer staff of the Army’s Party executive committee (20012010) The interpreted issues of this thesis topic is the use of the Marxist – Leninist perspectives and Ho Chi Minh’s ideology, the Communist Party of Vietnam on building officer staff and selectively inheriting the basic contents of the relevant research work. The topic is an independent scientific work, new and not overlapping with any published scientific works 2. Reasons for choosing the thesis topic When alive, President Ho Chi Minh once said: "Officers are the root of all the work" and "Things are successful or failure, all are due to good, or poor officers" [122, p. 309]. So, in the process of leading the revolution, the Party and President Ho Chi Minh are always interested in building the staff with both "morality" and "profession" to meet the mission’s requirements Political officer staff at all levels in the army have very important position and role, are the key force to conduct the Party’s and political activities, contributing to building a strong Army in politics, making the Army absolutely loyal to the Fatherland, the Party, State and people; a national sharp tool of violence, ready to receive and complete all assigned tasks. Thus, even in the Resolution on the Safeguards adopted at the Congress I (3/1935), the Party affirmed: "Platoon has a chief, a deputy platoon leader and a representative of the Communist commanding Party "[48, p. 203]. This consistent view of the Party laid the foundation for the construction of army officer staff in general and political cadres in particular During the military construction, combat and maturity, the Army’s Party are regularly interested in leadership to build political cadres at all levels in a comprehensive manner. Especially, since the thorough grasp and implementation of the Resolution 51/NQTW of the Politburo (Session IX) and Resolution 513/NQDUQSTW of the Central Military Party Commission on implementation of the mode of political commissars, political instructors in the Vietnamese People’s Army, forming the basis to improve the working position, role and quality of the political commissar, political instructor team in particular, the political officer staff in general; contributing to improve the quality of building the army in politics in the new period. However, the formulation of political cadres still has some limitations to overcome timely Today, with the request of the country's renovation and the goal of building the revolutionary, regular, elite and gradually modern Vietnamese People’s Army, taking the construction of the army in politics as a basis. Besides, the hostile forces strengthen against Vietnam’s revolution through "peaceful evolution" strategy, turmoils In particular, the VPA has been identified as a sentinel against the guise as: Distorting the nature, traditions and political task, demanding the implementation of "depoliticizing" the army That practice demands innovation of the Party’s work and political work; firstly, focus on improving the quality of building officer staff at all levels, including building strong political officials is the most important task Therefore, research and summarize the leadership of the Army’s Party executive committee in building political officer staff from 2001 to 2010, on the basis of which, draw main experience to help inspire for planning the guidelines and solutions to build political staff in the next period is an urgent issue, with profound implications both in theory and practice 3. Research purpose and task Research purpose Clarify the leadership process of the Army’s Party executive committee to build political officer staff from 2001 to 2010; draw some main experience contributing to improving the quality of building political cadres in the current period Research task Study, interpret to clarify the rationale, practical basis in building political officer staffs in the army from 2001 to 2010 Systematically present guidelines and the direction of the Army’s Party executive committee to build political officer staff from 2001 to 2010 Review and draw some experience from the leadership process of the Army’s Party executive committee to build political officer staff from 2001 to 2010 4. Research object and scope Research object Research leadership activities of the Army’s Party executive committee to build political officer staff in the Vietnam People's Army Research scope Regarding content: Study policies and directions of the Army’s Party executive committee to build political officer staff, focusing mainly on the political officer staff served as chairman of the Party and political work Regarding time: The thesis researches for a period of 10 years (2001 2010). However, for the research issue to be systematic, the thesis has mentioned some relevant contents in the time before and after 10 years above Regarding space: The thesis researches political cadres managed by the party organizations in the Army’s Party executive committee in the whole army scope 5. Theoretical, practical basis and research method Theoretical basis The thsis is researched on the theoretical basis of Marxism – Leninism, Ho Chi Minh ideology, the policies and the views of the Party on building officer staff Practical basis The thesis is done on practical basis of the leadership process of the Army’s Party executive committee to build political officer staff, especially in the years 20012010 Research method The author uses a combination of research methods, which mainly uses historical method and logical method; in addition to using some other methods such as the method of analysis, synthesis, statistical method, comparative method, diverging and expert methodology to perform the thesis 6. New contributions of the thesis The thesis presents systematically the policy, the leadership of the Army’s Party executive committee on building political officer staff from 2001 to 2010 Give some comments on the leadership process of the Army’s Party executive committee on building political officer staff in the years 20012010 Draw some experience applicable in the leadership to build the political officer staff in the future 7. Theoretical, practical meanings of the thesis The thesis contributes to summarize the theory, and practice of building political officer staff of the Army’s Party executive committee in stages from 2001 to 2010 These findings are document for party organizations to refer in the leadership process of building political staff; simultaneously, serve as documents for researching and teaching the Party’s history in the academy, military school 8. Structure of the thesis Structure of the thesis includes: Introduction, overview of the research issue, three chapters (8 periods), conclusions, list of the author’s published works related to the thesis, list of references and appendices OVERVIEW OF THE RESEARCH ISSUE 1. Research situation related to the thesis topic 1.1. Group of researches on the position, role and requirement of building the political officer staff The books as: The party, political work in the Soviet Armed Forces 1918 1973 of the Institute of Military History Ministry of Defense of the USSR; Some issues on the party, political work in the armed forces of the Soviet Union by A.A Episep and The regime of one head in the Soviet armed forces of author M.N Timopheetrep. The authors highlighted the achievements of the political cadres at all levels in the armed forces (former USSR), especially the enormous contributions of the poilitical commissars. Through it, the authors claim: Only by conducting regularly and effectively the Party, political work, it is possible to ensure the Army to follow the right revolutionary path In the document Report on the performance of the fostering class on the party, political work in Xi'an Politics Institute – Chinese People's Liberation Army by Nguyen Quang Phat When mentioned about the formulation of political cadres, the author states: The Communist Party of China is always interested in building political cadres comprehensively, contributing to building a politically strong army, ensuring the army always "Follow the party, serve the people, heroic and warlike" The science project at ministry level Building the army’s officer staff, meeting the requirements of the task in the new revolutionary stage by Dr. Tran Danh Bich, the manager, assesses the actual situation of the officer staff at all levels, in including political staff. Based on the duties and requirements of the organization, staffing, staff structure, the topic has proposed some solutions to build the political officer staff to ensure rational structure, sufficient in quantity, enhance in quality and gradually changing, perfecting in terms of leadership mechanism Documents such as Construction of political officer staff at detachments in the Vietnam People's Army in the current period by Nguyen Tien Quoc; Building the political officer staff at grassroots level to meet the requirements of the people's war of national defense by Nguyen Van Bao; Building the campaign officer staff, strategy to meet the military requirements and tasks in the new era by Ngo Huu Minh. It is the authors’ opinion that: It is necessary to focus on improving the quality of building the political cadres at all levels; which is interested in building political staffs at detachment level, contributing to building a comprehensive and strong unit, meeting the requirements of the people's war for national defense in the new situation Articles such as: The role of political commissar, political instructors in the People's Army of Vietnam today by Dang Van Thi; Promote the role of the political commissar, political instructors in order to improve the quality of the party, political work in the army today by To Xuan Sinh; Promote the role of the political commissar, political instructors to enhance the effectiveness of the leadership mechanism of the party in grassroots units by Vu Phu Dung. The authors appreciate the role of the political commissar, political instructors in building the army politically through revolutionary periods; especially their enormous contributions in improving the operational efficiency of the party, political work In the documents: Ho Chi Minh’s thought on building political officer staffs in the Vietnam People's Army by Nguyen Manh Thang; Ho Chi Minh’s thought on the political commissars in the People's Army of Vietnam by Pham Dinh Nhin. The authors have clarified the views of V.I Lenin and Ho Chi Minh’s thought about the position, role, qualities, abilities, methods, and working style of political officer staff and the political commissar, political instructors. This is the basis for the Army’s Party executive committee to apply in building political officer staff in all stages of the revolution In the book Summation of the party, political work in the People's Army of Vietnam (1975 2005) of the Central Military Comission, summarized the achievements, constraints and causes, drawing the lessons on the party and political work from 1975 to 2005. In which: Building the political institution systems and political officials at all levels with high quality, really as the core in conducting the party and political work, building a strong army in politics is a very important lesson 1.2. Group of researches on the content of building the political officer staff Articles on Planning officers at campaign level, strategy in the People's Army by Nguyen Xuan Mien; Continue the innovation of creating resources, recruitment of training students at academy, military officer schools by Le Trong Binh and books as: Improving the quality of training and fostering political cadres in the Vietnam People's Army in the new era of the General Political Department; Improving the quality of training political officers at division level in the new situation of the Political Officer Collegue and Standardize and modernize the training of political officers of the Vietnam People's Army today by the Academy of Politics. The documents have interpreted the issues related to planning, creating resources, training, contributing to supplementing and perfecting the model, the training objectives; simultaneously, set out the criteria on resource’s quality and the work of developing resources, training officers, contributing to improving the quality of building political officer staff Articles: Solutions to improve the quality of training political cadres in the army by Nguyen Dinh Minh; Continue to innovate and improve the quality of training political cadres in the new situation by Nguyen Van Tai; Some issues on innovation of training military officers in the current period by Nguyen Hoang and Solution to decentralize and fix duplication of content in training political commissars, political instructors by Nguyen Ba Duong. The authors all agree that: Renewing and improving the quality of education at schools are very basic, urgent issues In particular, focus on innovating contents, training programs towards modernization, thoroughly overcoming the duplication of content between grades and subject. Improve the quality of teaching staff and management personnel; Powerfully innovative teaching methods In the articles: Improving the quality of training and fostering political commissars, political instructors of the People's Army of Vietnam today by Le Minh Vu; Appreciate development of political spirit and creative capability in training political commissars, political instructors of the current army by Nguyen Tien Quoc; Coordination between school and unit in fostering the personality of political commissar, political instructors today by Hoang Van Thanh; Fostering working capacity of political officer staff at division level in the composed arm of the Vietnam People's Army today by Pham Dinh Bo. According to the authors, for the political officer staff to perform the assigned tasks and responsibilities, it is necessary to stick between training in schools and fostering political cadres through practical activities. In particular, focus on the process of training political officer staff while learning and training at schools However, the schools only equip the officers with basic knowledge, as a basis for developing independent thinking, creativity and selflearning, selftraining ability for selfimprovement throughout the working process Articles: Training and retraining with the use of military officers by Vu Van Luan; The issues need to complete on assigning the two political officials of the company and battalion by Le Viet Hao; Well prepare officer staff to appoint political commissars and political instructors Key phase with decisive meaning of the effectiveness of new mechanisms by Vu Van Luan. The authors confirm that: To improve the quality of building officer staff, it’s necessary to stick between training capability, quality with the demand of using officers in both short and long terms. In particular, it should be planned, trained and used in a scientific way, creating a solid and coordinate development between groups and generations of officers Some articles: The Army strives to well implement some focuses of the policy work in the new situation by Bui Van Huan; Research, improve policies for military salaries by Tran Van Minh and Implementation of the policy work in the Mekong Corps of Phan Tien Hac. The authors think that: The policy work is one of the important contents of the staffing work Therefore, committees, commanders at all levels need to thoroughly grasp the viewpoints, the guiding ideology of the superiors to set out guidelines and implement policies in a appropriate and effective way 1.3 Group of researches on solutions to improve the quality of building the political officer staff The articles: Strengthening the leadership of the Party over the officer work in the army today by Le Van Dung; Continue comprehensive renovation of the officer work to meet the new requirements by Ngo Xuan Lich and The military officer work in the new era by Nguyen Van Dong. The authors confirm that: The leadership of the party organizations has the most decisive role to the results of building the officers staff at all levels. Therefore, the Party organizations at all levels of the Army’s Party executive committee need to focus on leadership and direction for timely resolution of weak phrases and sides, contributing to building political officer staffs with the correct orientations and objectives set out The articles: Some issues on improving the quality of political officers at division level of our army today by Nguyen Van Du; Develop skills of the Party’s work, the political work of the political officer staff at detachment level in units of formed arms in charge of training, ready to fight in the Vietnam People's Army's today by Nguyen Phuong Dong. The authors perceive that: Further improving skills of the Party’s work, the political work of the political officer staff at all level is an urgent requirement. In doing so, it’s necessary to strengthen the planning, creating resource, and training; paying attention to fostering the method, behaviors through the practical work; focusing on building political bravery, revolutionary morality for political officer staff and the political commissars and instructors Articles: The issue of selflearning to improve the working capacity building of the political officer staff by Mai Van Hoa and Selflearning, selftraining important measures for improving the quality of political instructors in grassroots units in the army today by Pham Hong Tan. The authors have pointed out: Selfstudy and training have an important role in contributing to improving the working capacity of the political officer staff Only by active learning, training through practices in a voluntary, creative way is the main method to help each political officer staff supplement shortages of qualities, abilities, and working experience General evaluation of the research results of published scientific works and the issues that the thesis focuses on solving 2.1 General evaluation of the research results of published scientific works Firstly, works in the overview all agree to confirm the specially important position, and role; at the same time, appreciate the enormous contributions of political cadres at all levels throughout the building, fighting and military maturity. So, attention must constantly be paid to build strong political officer staff, contributing to improving the quality and efficiency of the activities of the party’s work and political work, maintaining and strengthening the Party's leadership over the military in every revolutionary period Secondly, the researches confirm the consistent policy of the Army’s Party executive committee is to pay attention to build comprehensively strong political cadres, always sufficient in quantity, quality assurance and compliance of the structure Especially in the current period, the requirement of improving quality of the formulation of political cadres becoming more urgent and important than ever Thirdly, some works have studied and, assessed the actual situation of political cadres in all fields; at the same time, pointing out the causes, directions and propose measures to further improve the quality of building political officer staff, contributing directly to enhance the quality, and performance of the Party’s work and political work, meeting the requirements of building the Army in politics in the coming time Fourthly, the research results of the works are quite comprehensive and deep; however, those works just approach and solve problems in the perspective of different majors of political science However, there is no works studying, interpreting fundamentally and systematically the policy and direction of the Army’s Party executive committee in building political officer staff from 2001 to 2010 in terms of the Party’s History Science. Hence, this is still one of the "gaps" of science for the thesis author to decide to research and clarify the issues outlined above 2.2. Issues that the thesis focuses on solving The research direction of the thesis topic "The leadership of the Army’s Party executive committee to build political officer staff from 2001 to 2010" will focus on the following fundamental issues: First, research to clarify the factors directly impacting the construction of political cadres in the army from 2001 to 2010 Second, interpret and clarify policies and direction of the Army’s Party executive committee in building political officer staff from 2001 to 2010 Third, review and draw some main experience from the leadership process of the Army’s Party executive committee to build political officer staff from 2001 to 2010 Chapter 1 POLICY AND DIRECTION OF THE ARMY’S PARTY EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE TO BUILD POLITICAL OFFICER STAFF FROM 2001 TO 2005 1.1. Objective requirements in building political cadres in the Army 1.1.1. Political officer staff in the Vietnam People's Army 1.1.1.1. The concept of political officer staff Political officer staff in the VPA is the core forces to conduct the Party’s work and political activities in the VPA, contributing to maintain and enhance the absolute leadership, directly in all aspects of the Party over the military; responsible for education, enlightenment, mobilization 10 and mass organizations to revolutionize with the way mainly by persuasion and not by authority, orders in all agencies and units of the army 1.1.1.2. Position and role of political officer staff in the army Firstly, political officer staff are "representatives of the Party" in the army, guaranteeing the army "follow the right path of proletarian politics". This is the consistent view of the Party on the role of political officer staff and the creative application of V.I Lenin's views on the role of the commissars in the Red Arrmy in the practical conditions of Vietnam Secondly, political officer staff is the key force in building institutions, especially the party organization at all levels. As a key force conducting the party’s work and political work, activities of political cadres have the most decisive impact on the quality and efficiency of building the military organizations, especially the party organizations at all levels Thirdly, political officer staff are the key force maintaining the political battlefield, the military thought Practical activities of political officer staff make Marxism Leninism and Ho Chi Minh’s thought play a key role in the spiritual life of every soldier; making the way, the policy of the Party and State's laws, resolutions and directives of superiors to perform thoroughly, unifiedly in the whole unit Fourthly, the activities of political officer staff decide the quality, effectiveness of the party work, political work in the army. Creating high consensus on the will and action in the entire unit Fifthly, political officer staff is the nuclear of cohesionin the unit, a good example of moral qualities and lifestyle for the team to follow. Each political cadres is really typical of the quality, capacity, methodology, and working style 1.1.2. Actual situation of political officer staff and the formulation of political cadres in the stage before 2001 1.1.2.1. Advatages First, ensure the number and quality, structure and staffing organization to meet the mission requirements of the Party’s work and political work, contributing to overcoming partly the "thin" and "weak"situation of political cadres; a condition for political cadres to cultivate, accumulate working experience Secondly, the political cadres at all levels always have a firm political field, absolutely trust in the leadership of the Party, have regular and constant striving motivation; engaged and dedicated on each assigned task Thirdly, qualifications, knowledge and practical working experience meet the requirements of assigned tasks 12 The hostile forces promote the implementation of the "peaceful evolution" strategy, overthrowing turmoils against Vietnam revolution. For the army, they aggressively implement the conspiracy of "nonpoliticize" army Along with these are tricks to hook, pull, and transform thought, politics for officer staff, in which political officer staff is a focus of the enemy’s sabotage 1.1.3.3. Requirements for the task of building the army in the new situation Before the development of the national defense mission in the new situation, the Party determined to focus on building the VPA towards the direction: Revolutionary, formal, welltrained and gradually modernized. Continue to strictly implement the military reorganization under Resolution 07/BCT of the Politburo with firm, appropriate steps, contributing to improving the general quality, the fighting strength of the army. The whole Army’s Party executive committee continues to promote the implementation of building and reorganizing the Party under the sixth Central Resolution (second time) Session VIII 1.1.4. The Party's policies on building officer staff in new era 1.1.4.1. On the perspective Firstly, the officer staff are leading factors, holding the most decisive positions and role to the revolutionary cause Secondly, thoroughly grasp the party’s viewpoints on the working class and promote the good traditions of the nation to build the officer staff. Thirdly, maintain the Party’s principle of leadership on the staffing. Fourthly, building the officer staff must have plan, uniform and stable 1.1.4.2. On the task Continue to innovate leadership methods of the Party with the organization and cadres in the political system Institutionalization of principles on the Party’s leadership over the officer’s affair and officer staff management; step up the fight against degradation of thought, morality; against corruption, wastefulness and other negative manifestations 1.1.4.3. On standards Construction of cadres at all levels should attach importance to both virtue and talent, virtue is the root. For the leading cadres of the armed forces should meet appropriate standards 1.1.4.4. On the system of solutions First, well the planning and officer resource development. Second, regularly renew, complete rules on discovery, recruitment, training and retraining officer staff. Third, regularly renew, rejuvenate leading and managing staff Fourth, strengthen the grassroots cadres and the 13 implementation of regulations and policies accordingly. Fifth, pay attention to building, regulating the academy, school and political center 1.2. The policy of the Army’s Party executive committee on building political cadres (2001 2005) 1.2.1. Perspective First, build political cadres should come from political, military policies of the Party in the new era. All activities of the Army are aimed at the successful implementation of the political line, military line of the Party. So, building political cadres should come from the political, military policies of the Party Second, building political officer staff with comprehensive quality and capabilities to meet the mission requirements of the Party, political work in the new period. Political cadres must have firm political bravery; ethical, clean, healthy lifestyle, united and strictly abide by discipline; good working method and behavior, willing to accept and complete all assigned tasks Third, building political officer staff must be linked to the development of the Party’s organization and building the party members Building political officer staff must work closely with the requirement to strengthen the organization; especially the party organizations at all levels in the army Fourth, focus on building political staff at division level. In order to enhance both quantity and quality of the political officers at division level Fifth, through practical activities to assess the political officer staff. Get the results of completing assigned tasks and the confidence of the masses as a measure of the quality and capacity of political officer staff 1.2.2. Objectives and tasks of building political officer staff Political cadres must be absolutely loyal to the Fatherland, the Party, State and people; have strong political bravery. Really typical in intellectual capacity, moral lifestyle, have rich practical activities and determination of longterm military service 1.2.3. Criteria for political officer staff Political officer staff must meet the general criteria of military officers. However, with each officer subject in charge of chairing the Party’s work and political work or doing research, teaching political theory, social sciences and military humanities, officials working in agencies must ensure appropriate standards 1.2.4. System of solutions 14 Firstly, strengthen propaganda and education to raise awareness of all organizations and individuals in building political staff. Create a shift in awareness and actions of all organizations and individuals on the task of building political staffs Second, synchronously implement stages and steps of the process of building political staff at all levels. In particular, focus on improving the quality of planning, training and management of political cadres Third, focus on and put priority to building political staff at detachment level to successfully implement the policy of the Central Military Commission on two political officers for each company, battalion level in sufficient military units Fourthly, firmly keep the principles and promote the role of organizations and individuals in the management of political officer staff. The Party’s committees at all levels unified the leadership and management of political officers in the principle of democratic centralism. Promoting the role of institutions and forces in comment, assessment of political officer staff Fifthly, regularly conduct preliminary, final review and draw lessons for the formulation of political officer staff to draw new issues, have practical significance contributing to finalize guidelines and plans to build political officials in the coming time 1.3. The leadership of the Army’s Party executive committee on building political cadres (2001 2005) 1.3.1. Raising awareness and responsibilities of the forces on the task of building political officer staff Focus on steering to overcome the limitations in the formulation of political officer staff by implementing Resolution No 27NQ/TW of the Politburo (Session V); at the same time, conduct extensive propaganda on the content of Article 26, Section 3 of the Charter of the Communist Party of Vietnam (Session IX) and Regulation No 71QD/TW dated 04/24/2003 of the Party’s Central Secretariat Committee (Session IX) on Organization of political institutions in the Vietnam people's Army. Confirm the position and role of political officer staff who served as chairman of the Party’s work and political work in each agency or unit 1.3.2 Directing the implementation of planning, resource development and training, fostering political officer staff The Army’s Party executive committee has focused on directing the relevant authorities and forces to improve the quality of planning, creating resource, training and fostering political officer staff at all levels. These innovations have met the requirements of number and quality, especially 15 political cadres at detachment level and initially resolve the status of political officer staff are "insufficient" and "weak" 1.3.3 Directing effective implementation of the management, transfer and policies for political officer staff The authorities issued and guided the implementation of regulations such as the Regulation on the average age of the incumbent officials in charge of chairing the Party’s work and political work; provisions on ranks while putting two political officers at the battalion, company level of enough troops; provisions on rotation and retraining of cadres in actual operation contributing to restructuring, moderating quantity and quality of officer staff. Deploy many new regulations on policy work for officer staff. 1.3.4. Directing the preparation of the necessary conditions to meet the requirements of reforming the leadership mechanisms of the Party's over the army The Central Military Commission steers to well prepare all relevant conditions; firstly, the preparation of human factors, especially political cadres at grassroots level. Together, the Central Military Commission steers the summation of the process of implementing Resolution No. 27/NQTW of the Politburo (Session V) and study completely, submitting the Politburo (Session IX) to adopt Resolution No. 51/NQTW dated 20/07/2005 on The continued improvement of the Party’s leadership mechanism, implementing a commander mode associated with the implementation of the regime of political commissars, political instructors of the People's Army of Vietnam. Resolution 51 has marked a step of fundamental development and perfection of the leadership mechanism and make a powerful change in the formulation of political officer staff 1.3.5. Promote the role of the business sector on officer work and perform preliminary and final review of the work of building political officer staff The Army’s Party executive committee has guided the strengthening organization, staffing and innovation of operating method, enhancing professional skills for officer staff and employees in personnel work. Together, the Party committees at all levels regularly direct the implementation of preliminary and final review, assess the results of building officer staff Conclusion of Chapter 1 In the years 2001 2005, the task of military construction has developed, in order to meet the requirements of national defense mission in 16 the stage of new revolution, requiring more improvement of the quality in building the political officer staff; contribute to improving the quality, effectiveness of the Party’s work, the political work and building a strong army in politics. Based on the proper assessment of the situation in all related aspects, the Army’s Party executive committee has proposed guidelines and focus on guiding the formulation of political officer staff in a comprehensive, highly effective way. In particular, the strong changes in cognitive thinking and directing practice for the task of building the political cadres at grassroots level both in number and quality are rated as the most outstanding results Chapter 2 THE LEADERSHIP OF THE ARMY’S PARTY EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE ON PROMOTING THE CONSTRUCTION OF POLITICAL OFFICER STAFF FROM 2006 TO 2010 2.1. The new factors affecting the construction of political officer staffs 2.1.1 The international, regional, national situation and conspiracy against of the hostile forces with impact on building political officerstaff 2.1.1.1. The new developments of the international and regional situation The situation of the world and the region has rapid changes in all areas. The global economic slowdown (in 2008) has negative impact on the economy society and political security of many countries. Local wars, armed conflicts, ethnic, religious conflicts continue to take place in many places with the increasingly complex nature. The big countries have to adjust the military strategy, modernize the army; notably the strategic shift to the Asia Pacific region of the US has created major changes in the region. However, peace, cooperation and development remain a big trend Southeast Asia area is basically stable. The strong changes in many areas, particularly the three main pillars of ASEAN intra relations increasingly expanded and deepened. Dispute of sovereignty over the South China Sea despite complicated happenings among some countries in the region, but basically remains stable 2.1.1.2. Domestic situation The achievements after 20 years of reforming the country (1986 2006) made the position and force our country grow much more than before, the position and prestige of Vietnam are reinforced on the 17 international stage. However, the country still faces many new difficulties intertwining complicatedly. In particular, the risk of lagging further behind economically has become an urgent problem. The degradation of political ideology, moral lifestyle persists for a large part of officials and Party members; bureaucracy, corruption and wastefulness are still complicated 2.1.1.3. Conspiracy against the hostile forces The hostile forces are stepping up the implementation of "peaceful evolution", turmoils; thoroughly abuse the issue of "democracy", "human rights" and the sensitive, complicated issues left over by the history; deepen the limitations and weaknesses of the economy; require "nonpoliticized" the army to sabotage the revolution in Vietnam 2.1.2. New requirements for the task of building the revolutionary, regular, elite and gradually modern army Before the development of the situation, raise new requirements for the task of military construction, namely: First, maintain and strengthen the Party's leadership over the military. Second, improve the quality of building strong army in all aspects, including taking the construction of the politically strong army as the basis. Third, focus on basically adjusting the organization, personnel and equipment of the army 2.1.3. The policy of the Communist Party of Vietnam to build the officer staff (2006 2010) 2.1.3.1. On the perspective To meet the requirements of the revolutionary mission, in new period, the view on building officer staff has developed as follows: Firstly, must come from the economic social development strategy and national defense to build officer staff Secondly, thoroughly grasp the Party's viewpoint on working class in building officer staff. Thirdly, maintain the leadership principles and adopt practices to assess, classify officers. Fourthly, attach the building of officer staff with building institution and renovation of mechanisms and policies 2.1.3.2. On the objective Construction of officer staff with firm political bravery, moral, healthy lifestyle, no bureaucracy, corruption and waste; with innovative thinking and creativity; unity, cooperation, sense of organization, discipline and scientific work style; has expertise and profession to meet the requirements of the period of accelerating industrialization and modernization 2.1.3.3. On evaluating the officers 18 Evaluate officer staff to ensure openness, transparency, objective, comprehensive and impartial, taking the effectiveness of accomplishing political tasks as measure of the quality and capacity of officers 2.1.3.4. On the system of solutions First, focus on improving the quality of building officer staff at all levels, pay attention to building the leading officer staff, the heads of institutions and sectors of the political system. Second, enact and implement regulations, new regulations concerning officer staff and personnel work. Third, strengthen research and piloting some important projects in order to strengthen the officer staff and promote democracy in the field of building officer staff. Fourth, innovate and deploy synchronically the phases and steps of the process of building officer staff. Fifth, determine the responsibilities of collectives and individuals, especially the responsibility of the head of personnel work * Before the practical demands of maintaining and strengthening the direct, absolute leadership in all aspects of the party over the military, improving the quality of the Party’s work, the political work and promote the construction of political officer staff at all levels in the army, on 20 July 2005, the Politburo (Session IX) issued Resolution No. 51/NQTW, On the continued improvement of the Party’s leadership mechanism, implementing mechanism of one commander attached to the implementation of the regime on the political commissar and instructors of the Vietnam People's Army, the Resolution states: On the basis of ensuring strong, comprehensive, thorough leadership of the Party’s organizations, the Army implements a commander mode associated with the implementation of the regime of political commissars and instructors At the same time, the Resolution determines: The political commissars and instructors are the political chairmen, together with the Chief commander playing a role as chairman of the army are two officers in charge of the units 2.2. The policy of the Army’s Party executive committee on promoting the building of political cadres (2006 2010) 2.2.1. Perspective First, focus on solving quantity, structural adjustment associated with improving the quality of political cadres at all levels in the military. Focus on settlement of quantity, adjusting the structure to address the shortage in quantity; at the same time, contributing to stabilize the structure, improve the quality of political officer staff, successfully implement the Resolution 51 of the Politburo (Session IX) and meet the requirements of adjusting the organization and staffing of the army Second, build political cadres at all levels towards a comprehensive manner, with high quality, legacy and development. Ensure a reasonable, 19 coordinated, balanced and solid legacy among forces, as well as in each unit Appreciate the development of political bravery, moral quality, innovative capacity and the quality of the leaders, matching the regime of political commissars and instructors Thirdly, comprehensively innovate the training of political cadres. Innovation in training ensures the fundamental, systematic, comprehensive nature in both breadth and depth, in order to improve the quality and capacity of political cadres at all levels pursuant to the objective and model of the political commissars and instructors Fourthly, the executive committees at all levels unify the management of officer work and political officer staff on the principles of democratic centralism. Seriously implement the Party’s unification of leadership of officer work and management of officer staff on the principles of democratic centralism, along with promoting the responsibility of the Committees, political officers (secretary), commanders, political institutions at all levels. Ensure publicity, transparency, democracy, promotion of solidarity and collective wisdom of party committees at all levels for personnel work 2.2.2. Objective and task Building political officer staff with comprehensive quality, capabilities, consistent political bravery, absolute loyalty to the revolutionary cause of the Party and ready to receive and complete all assigned tasks. Focus on solving enough political cadres at grassroots level and strive that up to 2010, the political cadres have sufficient quantity, increasing quality, to meet the mission requirements 2.2.3. Criteria for the political officer staff Political cadres in the military at all levels must ensure common standards; however, in the years 2006 2010, standards for each officer staff had new development, consistent with the requirements of the leadership mechanism under Resolution 51 of the Politburo (Session IX) 2.2.4. The system of solutions The Army’s Party executive committee has set out the following basic measures: First, promote the synergy of all levels, sectors and forces participating in building political officer staff. Innovate methodology of reviewing and evaluating officer staff to ensure democracy, openness and transparency; avoid any hasty, subjective, simple, onesided and one dimensional expression Second, the executive committees at all levels focus on leadership and directing the selection and appointment of political officials served as the political commissars and instructors as requested by the new mechanism During the selection, arrangement process, the political commissars and instructors carried out the motto, guaranteed the 20 right position, remained stability as planned; avoiding partial or lack of democracy, internal disunity Third, improve the quality of planning, resource development, training political officer staff to meet the requirements of implementing the Resolution 51 of the Politburo. Fourth, implement the management, transfer and policies for political staff pursuant to the new mechanism. Fifth, improve the system of legal documents on organization, personnel, functions and duties of political staff 2.3 The direction of the Army’s Party executive committee to build political cadres in the years 2006 2010 2.3.1 Gradually strengthen the organization, staffing and standardize the political officer staff titles Standardize the titles, enable political officer staff to promote their positions, and role on each working position In particular, focus on researching and issueing the relevant documents to the titles of political commissars and instructors as Decision No 85/QDDUQSTW dated 03/4/2006 of the Central Military Commission on issueing "Regulations on the responsibilities, powers and working relationships of the commanders and political commissar, political instructors of the People's Army of Vietnam" and Decision No. 771/QDBQP dated 04/4/2006 of the Minister of National Defense on Issuing the titles of political commissars, deputy political commissar, political instructors and deputy political instructors in the People's Army of Vietnam 2.3.2. Focus on steering the comprehensive reform of building political officer staff to meet the requirements of the new mechanism The Army’s Party executive committees focus on directing comprehensive reform of the formulation of political staff to meet the requirements of implementing the Resolution 51. In particular, focus on the thorough grasp and education to raise awareness for all subjects on the position and role of political staff and the political commissars and instructors; creating conditions for political staff to promote their capabilities in the working process 2.3.3. Improving the comprehensive quality of planning, resource development, training and fostering political officer staff The Army’s Party executive committee was interested in directing the construction planning of political cadres in both the short and long term, to ensure the uniform, comprehensive and meet the requirements of the practice. Standardize the inputs, coupled with innovating, improving the quality of training and retraining political officer staff in both school and the unit. It is considered as a breakthrough in the process of building political staffs in the period of 20062010 21 2.3.4. Renovating the assessment, management, circulation and policy for the political officer staff On the basis of the criteria specified for each subject for the committees at all levels to review, evaluate, promote qualified comrades with capacity; resolutely handle cases of violating the law, poor working performance. For the officer work to go in order, regulation and quality, the Central Military Commission issued regulations on the officer work and directed the relevant authorities to fully grasp and strictly implement regulations, specify the regulations on the processes and steps of the process of building political officer staffs 2.3.5 Pay attention to the development of the business in officer work in the army to be strong in all aspects Committees, commanders at all levels in the whole army have focused on directing the construction of the professional business in officer work operations on all fields First, concentrate on reinforcing the organization, staffing, and constantly improve the professional level of officials in the whole the sector, creating a powerful change in quality for professional business of officers, making the officer work in the whole army evolving to meet the mission requirements of the new revolutionary stage Conclusion of Chapter 2 Thoroughly grasp the viewpoints of the Party, inherit the policy and leadership results in building political cadres (2001 2005), the Army’s Party executive committee has identified more clearly the views, objectives, tasks, standards and solutions to build political staff. Therefore, the results of building political cadres at all levels (2006 2010) have made fundamental changes, especially the comrades staff selected and appointed to be political commissars and instructors This is an important basis to draw the comments and experience on the leadership of the Army’s Party executive committee in building political officer staff from 2001 to 2010 Chapter 3 COMMENTS AND EXPERIENCE 3.1. Reviews of the leadership of the Army’s Party executive committee on building political officer staff from 2001 to 2010 3.1.1. Advantages Firstly, increasingly accurate determination of the position and role of political staff at all levels in the army. Secondly, actively and promptly set out guidelines and steer the building of political staff to achieve better results and 22 meet the mission requirements in stages Thirdly, coherent combination of building political officer staff with the strategy of building the army in the new situation Fourthly, the planning, training, assessment, using, transfering and policies for political officer staff is more and more better. Fifthly, political officer staff have developed in a solid and comprehensive way Achieved some above results were attributable to the following reasons: the Army’s Party executive committee has actively researched, mastering all aspects of the situation and work out proper policies and measures. Always firmly hold leadership principles, gradually renew the officer work; promoting the role of organizations, and forces involved in the formulation of political officer staff. Political cadres at all levels always appreciated their role and position 3.1.2. Limitations Besides the advantages already achieved, there are still some fundamental limitations: First, the grasping and implementing the contents of building political cadres in some committees, commanders are limited. Second, the work of creating resources, training, and fostering political staff is limited in some aspects. Third, the quality and capacity of some political officials do not meet the mission requirements The limitations mentioned above are due to a number of reasons as follows: The initiative and creativity in building political officer staff in some committees, commander are not high. The fostering for political officer staff is not frequent. The downside effect of the market mechanism and the sabotage of enemy affect the thoughts, emotions, and motivation of some political officials 3.2. Experience from the leadership of the Army’s Party executive committee in building political cadres (2001 2010) 3.2.1 Building political officer staff must be associated with the implementation of leadership mechanisms of the Party and the general planning of building military officer staff Political officer staff are an integral part of the officer staff at all levels of the military, the core force to conduct the Party’s work and political work. So, the Army’s Party executive committee always cares about the leadership to build political cadres at all levels to meet the requirements of implementing the Party’s leadership mechanism and associated with the general planning of Building military officer staff Based on the leadership mechanism of the party and overall planning in building military officer staff to build political officer staff to ensure the uniformity, consistency, with a strategic vision will contribute to forming the political officials having sufficient quantity, quality and stability in structure 23 The process of leadership in building political cadres in the years 2001 2010, it’s necessary to note the fundamental issues such as: Derived from the need to use political cadres in the years ahead and long term to orient the creation of source of political officer staff accordingly. Put priority to select objects with sufficient criteria for training and retraining and using as planned. Relying on existing mechanisms to build suitable content, programs, training methods. Training political cadres has to stick with the layout and use with a continuous, unified and synchronized process 3.2.2. Construction of political officer staff must be comprehensive, attach great importance to the political bravery and revolutionary moral Building political cadres at all levels in the army comprehensively to meet the requirements of the task is a matter of paramount importance; however, building the political spirit and revolutionary morality is a matter of prime importance, making the political cadres get the mind and position to complete assigned tasks In the years 2001 2010, the Army’s Party executive committee has regularly been interested in leadership to build political bravery and revolutionary moral for political staff at all levels. Therefore, the majority of officer staff have firm political bravery, absolute loyalty to the Fatherland, the Party, State and people, with clean moral qualities, lifestyle, really a good example for all officers and soldiers to follow From the leadership of the Army’s Party executive committee to build political bravery and revolutionary moral for political cadres (2001 2010), draw the following fundamental issues: First, focus on well doing the work of propaganda and education on Marxism Leninism and Ho Chi Minh’s ideology, the lines and views of the Party and the military mission for political officer staff. Second, pay attention to practicing the political bravery and revolutionary moralily for political cadres through practical activities Third, promote the exemplary vanguard role of political staff in working and living. Fourth, regularly take care of the material and spiritual life, help officer staff feel real secure for political work, sticking to the work and dedication to the army 3.2.3. In the process of building political staffs, it’s neccessaty to closely combine between equipping knowledge and imparting practical experience Knowledge and working experience are the most important factors that help shape the operational capacity of the political cadres. In reality, the military cadres ongoing strong transition between generations at all levels. Therefore, the combination between equipping knowledge and imparting working experience should be thoroughly grasped and effectively implemented at all stages, steps of the process of building political staffs 24 From the combination between equipping knowledge and imparting experience in the years 2001 – 2010, it is showed that: First, equipping knowledge must be comprehensive in all fields: politics, military, science, technology and social fields Second, innovate content, teaching methods towards promoting the positiveness, activeness of learners Third, implement measures to impart working experience between generations of political officials within working practices. Fourth, in the officer work, it is necessary to boldly promote young staff, along with "keeping fighting qualities" in each agency or unit. Fifth, pay due attention to the work of preliminary and final practical review and propose working experience. Sixth, promote the role of selflearning, self discipline of every political cadres 3.2.4. Need to standardize and improve the input quality of training political official staff at division level The input resource of training political officer staff at division level accounted for the bulk of total sources of political cadres and is the basic factor that affects the whole process of forming the planning, schedule of building political cadres at all levels in the military. So, standardizing and improving the input quality of political officer staff at division level is very important issue The input source of training political officer staff at division levels has many objects For each source groups there are different advantages and limitations; however, from the specific interpretations, source of training political officer staff at division levels needs to focus on giving priority to some of the following groups: Firstly, basic training objects from enrollment source. Secondly, the source objects transfer type from the platoon commanders and military officers at company level gone through basic training at university degree. Thirdly, the source object is college students who graduated with social sciences and humanity major Fourthly, the source object is the 801 captain should decrease target quantity and improve the selection criteria of input source Conclusion of Chapter 3 In the years 2001 2010, the Army’s Party executive committees focus their leadership to build political staff to achieve many important results. In particular, the actively and promptly setting out guidelines and directing the formulation of political staff, meet the requirements of the task in each phases; closely link between the formulation of political officer staff with the strategy of building military in the new situation; thorough grasp and implement the contents of Resolution 51/NQTW of the Politburo (Session IX) in renewing the stages, the steps of the process of building political staffs as typical success. 25 Besides these achievements, there is still a certain number of limitations should be overcome timely CONCLUSION Building a new kind army of working class who is really political elite, absolute loyal to the Fatherland, the Party and the people is a sharp violence tool of the State, always get and complete all assigned tasks is an issue of principle in the process of revolutionary leadership of the Party. In particular, construction of strong political officer staff at all levels is the content of prime importance, contributing to improving the quality, effectiveness of the Party’s work and political work and building a strong army in politics. However, in each historical period, before the impact of international, regional, domestic factors; the sabotage of hostile forces and the requirements, mission of building the army as well as the status of political officer staff for the Army’s Party executive committee to set out specific guidelines in order to improve the quality of building political officer staff at all levels In the years 2001 2010, the mission requirement of building the army with new development, the Army’s Party executive committee has focused on leadership and steering the construction of political cadres comprehensively. In particular, the Army’s Party executive committee has studied and advised the Politburo (Session IX) issued Resolution 51 specifying regulations on implementing the regime of political commissars and instructors in the army, contributing to the renovation and completion of a basic step in the Party’s leadership mechanism for the VPA. This is the basic factor affecting the whole process of building political officer staff at all levels 3. The construction of political cadres in the years 20012010 has achieved important results The Army’s Party executive committee has focused on strengthening, enhancing the quantity, stabilizing the structure and gradually improving the quality to meet the requirements and is a basis to successfully implement the Resolution 51 of the Politburo in the new conditions However, there are still a certain number of limitations should be overcome timely; in which there are still some certain limitations of the party committees and commanders at all levels in directing the implementation as well as the sense of responsibility and motivation to strive of the political officer staff themselves 26 4. Based on researching the leading process of the Army’s Party executive committee in building political staff from 2001 to 2010, the thesis has drawn four main experience, including: First, build the political officer staff associated with the implementation of the leadership mechanisms of the Party and organizational, staffing strategy of the army Second, building political staff must be comprehensive, very seriously about political bravery and revolutionary morality Third, closely combine equipping with scientific knowledge and imparting practical experience for the political officer staff of all levels. Fourth, standardize and improve the input quality of training political cadres at division level 5. The process of researching and finishing the thesis topic, the fellow found that: In the process of appointing political officials to managerial positions, there are some shortcomings led to the disparity in age and experience between political officials and military officers At the division level, political officers after graduation are usually appointed as officials at company level right away; meanwhile, military officers must undergo positions of the platoon commander, so the age and experience of political officials are usually less than military officers However, at the regiment level and above, by contrast, political officials are often older than military officers as: Comrades of military officers as deputy chief was appointed immediately the title of deputy chief commander cum chief advisor or deputy commander of the unit. Meanwhile, the comrades of political officials have equivalent positions as vice president of politics often only appointed to political leader. Practice shows that, if developing normally over the helms of commanders and managers from battalion level or above, military officials are considering shortening the development with political officials So, it’s necessary to continue to improve, innovate planning and appointment process for political cadres in the direction of appointing the deputy head of political authority shortly to the title of deputy commissar cum political manager as has been done for the deputy chief advisors ... process of the Army’s Party executive committee to build political officer staff from 2001 to 2010 Chapter 1 POLICY AND DIRECTION OF THE ARMY’S PARTY EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE TO BUILD POLITICAL OFFICER STAFF FROM 2001 TO 2005... 2.2. Issues that the thesis focuses on solving The research direction of the thesis topic "The leadership of the Army’s Party executive committee to build political officer staff from 2001 to 2010" will focus on the following fundamental issues:... committee in building political officer staff from 2001 to 2010 Chapter 3 COMMENTS AND EXPERIENCE 3.1. Reviews of the leadership of the Army’s Party executive committee on building political officer staff from 2001 to 2010