NGỮ PHÁP VÀ BÀI TẬP VỀ THÌ

Note :* Be going to +Vo dùng để diễn tả 1 hành động sắp xảy ra mà hiện tượng của nó đã xuất hiện hoặc 1 hành động tương lai có dự định trước... Usage Cách dùng : * Diễn tả một hành độn

NGỮ PHÁP VÀ BÀI TẬP VỀ THÌ

1 The Simple Present (Thì hiện tại đơn)

a Form:

- Khẳng định : I , We , You , They … ( S nhiều ) + Vo

He , She , It ( S ít ) + V-s/es

- Phủ định : I , We , You , They + don't + Vo

He , She , It … + doesn't + Vo

- Nghi vấn : Do + We , You , They + Vo … ? Does + He , She , It … + Vo … ?

b Usage (Cách dùng ) :

- Diễn tả một chân lí, một sự thật hiển nhiên

Ex : - The Earth goes round the sun

- He is a doctor

- Tom comes from England

- Diễn tả 1 thói quen hoặc 1 việc xảy ra thường xuyên ở hiện tại (

always, often, usually, sometimes, now and then, seldom, rarely, never, every ) dùng để nhận biết.

Ex : - He often goes to class late / My mother gets up early every

morning

- Diễn tả 1 h/đ tương lai đã được sắp xếp, bố trí thực hiện trước thời điểm nói

Note : a Cách thêm – es vào sau những động từ tận cùng : o , s ,

x ,z ,sh , ch

b Cách phát âm –s/es

2 The Present Continuous (Thì hiện tại tiếp diễn)

a Form : - Khẳng định : S + am / is / are + V –ing

- Phủ định : S + am / is / are ( not ) + V -ing

- Nghi vấn : Are / Is + S + V-ing … ?

Ex: We are studying English now

b Usage ( Cách dùng) :

- Diễn tả một hành động đang tiếp diễn ở thời điểm nói ( ở hiện tại)

* Dấu hiệu nhận biết : now , right now = at once , at ( the /

this / present ) time, at the moment, Ra lệnh ( Look ! Listen ! )

Ex : - She is listening to his teacher now

- Diễn tả 1 hành động sẽ xảy ra ở tương lai ( có kế hoạch từ trước)

Ex : She is getting married next year.

Note :* Be going to +Vo dùng để diễn tả 1 hành động sắp xảy

ra mà hiện tượng của nó đã xuất hiện hoặc 1 hành động tương lai có

dự định trước

Ex: The grey dark appears It is going to rain

* Một số động từ không được dùng với thì tiếp diễn

want like belo

ng

Kno

w

suppo

se

rememb

er need love mean forg

et prefer hear

belie

ve

understa

nd

seem have think See

3 The Present Perfect (Thì hiện tại hòan thành)

a Form : - Khẳng định : S + has / have + V3 , ed

- Phủ định : S + has / have ( not ) V3 , ed

- Nghi vấn : Has / Have + S + V3 , ed?

b Usage (Cách dùng ) :

* Diễn tả một hành động vừa mới xảy ra hoặc xảy ra không rõ thời

gian (thường đi kèm với các từ just , recently = lately, not yet, ever, never, aleady )

Ex : We haven’t finished our homework yet

* Diễn tả 1 hành động bắt đầu từ quá khứ kéo dài đến hiện tại có

khả năng tiếp tục ở tương lai (thường đi với các từ since , for)

Ex : - They have lived here for ten years

* Ngòai ra còn có một số cụm từ chỉ thời gian như : so far = until now = up to now ,how long ? It is the first / second / third … time, twice / many / three… times.

Note : For ( many, several, 2, 3 / + times, years, months or

a long time = ages ) # since ( last week )

4 The Simple Past (Thì quá khứ đơn )

a Form : - Khẳng định : S + V2, ed … ( To be : was / were

)

- Phủ định : S + did not Vo …

- Nghi vấn : Did + S + Vo … ?

b Usage : Diễn tả hành động đã xảy ra, chấm dứt trong quá

khứ ( đôi khi biết rõ thời gian ) thường có các từ đi kèm :

yesterday ,ago , last ( week /night … ) , in 1990 ( thời gian ở quá khứ )

5 The Past Continuous (Thì quá khứ tiếp diễn )

a Form : S + was / were + V - ing

Ex: We were studying Maths at this time yesterday.

b Usage :

- Diễn tả một hành động đang xảy ra vào 1 thời điểm xác định

trong quá khứ

Ex : - What were you doing at 4 p.m yesterday?

- Diễn tả 1 hành động đang xảy ra vào 1 thời điểm xác định ở quá khứ hoặc 1 hành động đang xảy ra ( hành động này kéo dài hơn ) thì có hành động khác xen vào

Ex: What were you doing at 4 p.m yesterday?

- Diễn tả 2 hành động đang xảy ra cùng lúc ở quá khứ

Ex: Yesterday , while I was reading a book , my sister was

watching T.V

* Dấu hiệu nhận biết : at ( the / this / that ) time, at the moment,

at 4p.m + thời gian ở quá khứ (yesterday, last )

Ex : He was watching film at the moment yesterday.

6 The Past perfect (Thì quá khứ hòan thành )

a Form : S + had V3 , ed

b Usage : Diễn tả một hành động xảy ra trước 1 hành động khác

trong quá khứ hoặc trước 1 thời điểm ở quá khứ

Ex : When I got up this morning , my mother had already left

* Dấu hiệu nhận biết : before , after

Exercise 1: Give the correct tense of verb in brackets

1, Jack (look) no trouble with my English lesson up to now

2, The weather generally (get) quite hot in July and August

3, That brown briefcase (belong) to Dr Rice

4, Yes, I (remember) that the order fellow’s noun now

5, Michael (work) thirty eight hours a week

6, I (be) sorry I (forget) that girl’s name already

7, How many time you (see) him since he went to Edinburgh

8, Fred’s brother (study) in Oxford university at the moment

9, The earth (circle) the sun once every 365 days

10, Up to present, we (write) almost every lesson in the book

Key:

1, Has looked 2, gets 3, belongs

4, remember 5, work 6, am/ have/ forgotten

7, have you seen 8, is studying 9, circles 10, have written

Exercise 2: Supply the correct verbs forms past simple or past progressive tense

1 When I (arrive) at his house, he still (sleep)

2 She (water) the flowers in her garden while her next door

neighbor (chat) with her over the fence

3 As we (cross) the street, we (see) an accident.

4 The bell (ring) while Tom (take) a bath

5 She (hear) a noise and (get) out of bed the door (open)

6 The children (play) football when their mother (come) back

7 Who (be) that you (talk) to? I (see) him at the gate When I (come) in

8 We (wait) for the bus when he (pass) by in his car and (offer) us a lift

9 I (be) very tired because I (work) all day yesterday

10 While the student (heat) the bell, they (get up) and (leave)

Key :

1, arrived/ was sleeping 2, was watering/ was chatting

3, crossed/ saw 4, rang/ was talking

5, heard/ got/ opened 6, were playing/ came

7, was/ talked/ saw/ came 8, were waiting/ passed

9, was/ was working 10, heard/ got up/ left

Exercise 3: Supply the correct verbs forms past simple or past perfect tense

1, We (study) a very hard lesson the day before yesterday

2, He (forget) what I (tell) him I ( remind) him many times, but he still (not bring) what I (want)

3, He (ask) me whether I (see) his pen on the table I (tell) him that I (not see) it around

4, If I (wait) a little while longer, I would have meet her I (not see) her since we last (meet) 2 years ago

5, They (go) home after they (finish) their work

6, Then we came to the stadium, the match (already, begin)

7, They told me they (not, eat) such kind of food before

8, After talking a bath, he (go) to bed

9, What (be) he when he (be) young

10, It was the first time I (ever, see) such a beautiful girl

Key :

1 Studied 2 forgot/ had told/ had reminded

3 asked/ has seen/ told/ had not seen 4 had waited/ had not seen/ met

5 went/ had finished 6 had already begun

7 hadn’t eaten 8.went

9 was/ was 10 had ever seen

I Thì tương lai đơn giản (the simple future)

1 Công thức:

(+) S + will + V(nguyên thể)…

(-) S + won’t + V(nguyên thể)…

(?) Will + S + V(nguyên thể)… ?

Chú ý: will not = won’t

2 Cách sử dụng

– Diễn tả hành động sẽ thực hiện trong tương lai (ví dụ a)

– Để diễn tả hành động chúng ta quyết định làm ở thời điểm nói (ví

dụ b)

– Hứa hẹn làm việc gì (ví dụ c)

– Đề nghị ai đó làm gì (ví dụ d)

– Chúng ta có thể sử dụng “shall I/shall we…?”để hỏi ý kiến của ai

đó (đặc biệt khi đề nghị hoặc gợi ý) (ví dụ e, f)

3 Ví dụ:

a I will go to work by bus tomorrow

b A: The homework is difficult

B: Don’t worry, I’ll help you

c Thank you for lending me the money I’ll pay you back on Friday

d Will you shut the door, please?

e Shall I open the window?

f Where shall we go this evening?

4 Các trạng từ của thì này

- tomorrow

- next week, next month, next year…

- later - in + mốc thời gian trong tương lai: in 2020

5 Quan hệ với hiện tại đơn

The simple

future

When/ if/ till/ untill/ as soon as/ while / as long as/

before

The simple present

Ví dụ:

As long as I finish my work, I’ll visit you.

They’ll ring me as soon as they get home

Before I go to work, I’ll have breakfast

II Thì tương lai tiếp diễn (the future progressive)

1 Công thức

(+) S + will + be + V-ing…

(-) S + won’t + be + V-ing…

(?) Will + S + be + V-ing…?

2 Cách sử dụng

– Diễn tả hành động đang diễn ra tại một thời điểm xác định trong tương lai

– Diễn tả một hành động đang diễn ra khi một hành động khác xen vào ở tương lai

3 Trạng từ của thì này

- this time + thời gian trong tương lai

- at + giờ + danh từ chỉ thời gian trong tương lai: at 5 p.m

tomorrow…

- In ten years’ time……

J Thì tương lai hoàn thành (the future perfect tense)

1 Công thức

(+) S + will + have + P2…

(-) S + won’t + have + P2…

(?) Will + S + have + P2…?

2 Cách sử dụng

– Diễn tả một hành động bắt đầu từ trước và kết thúc trước một thời điểm hoặc một hành động khác ở tương lai

Exercise 1 Put the verb into the correct form using will or going to

1 A: Why are you turning on the television?

B: I (watch) the new

2 A: oh , I’ve just realised I haven’t got any money

B: Don’t worry that’s no problem I (lend) you some

3 A: Look! There’s smoke coming out of that house It’s on fire B: Good heavens ! I (call) the fire brigade immediately

4 A: What would you like to drink? Tea or coffee?

B: I (have) tea, please

5 A: Where are you going? Are you going shopping?

B: Yes, I (buy) something for dinner

6 I feel terrible I think I (be) sick

* Key: 1 am going to watch 4, will have

2 will lend 5, am going to buy

3 will call 6, am going to be

Exercise 2 Put the verb into the correct form using future tenses

1 I’m sure they (complete) the new road by June

2 At this same time tomorrow , we (drive) through Da Nang

3 We (see) you next Monday

4 By November I (work) for this company for 6 years

5 If you call her at 6, she (practise) the piano then

6 By March 15, I (be) here for one year

7 We (move) to our new house at Christmas this year

8 The teacher hopes we (pass) our exams

9 She studies hard She (pass) her examination

10 Don’t call him at 2.30 He (interview) job applicants at that time

* Key:

1 will have completed 6 will have been

2 will be driving 7 will move

3 will see 8 will pass

4 will have been working 9 is going to pass

5 will be practising 10 will be interviewing

Exercise 1: Give the correct tense of verb in brackets

1, Jack (look) no trouble with my English lesson up to now

2, The weather generally (get) quite hot in July and August

3, That brown briefcase (belong) to Dr Rice

4, Yes, I (remember) that the order fellow’s noun now

5, Michael (work) thirty eight hours a week

6, I (be) sorry I (forget) that girl’s name already

7, How many time you (see) him since he went to Edinburgh

8, Fred’s brother (study) in Oxford university at the moment

9, The earth (circle) the sun once every 365 days

10, Up to present, we (write) almost every lesson in the book

Exercise 2: Supply the correct verbs forms past simple or past progressive tense

1 When I (arrive) at his house, he still (sleep)

2 She (water) the flowers in her garden while her next door

neighbor (chat) with her over the fence

3 As we (cross) the street, we (see) an accident

4 The children (play) football when their mother (come) back

5 Who (be) that you (talk) to? I (see) him at the gate When I (come) in

6 We (wait) for the bus when he (pass) by in his car and (offer) us a lift

7 I (be) very tired because I (work) all day yesterday

8 While the student (heat) the bell, they (get up) and (leave)

Exercise 3: Supply the correct verbs forms past simple or past perfect tense

1, We (study) a very hard lesson the day before yesterday

2, He (forget) what I (tell) him I ( remind) him many times, but he still (not bring) what I (want)

3, He (ask) me whether I (see) his pen on the table I (tell) him that I (not see) it around

4, If I (wait) a little while longer, I would have meet her I (not see) her since we last (meet) 2 years ago

5, They (go) home after they (finish) their work

6, What (be) he when he (be) young

7, It was the first time I (ever, see) such a beautiful girl

Exercise 4: Choose one correct answer

1 After he English course, he went to England to

continue his study

A will finish B has finished C had finished D have been finished

2 I wish I a trip to London last year

A had taken B took C will take D take

3 He started living here three years ago

A He lived here three years ago B He has lived here for three years

C He had been living here for three years D He had lived here three years ago

4 Who when I came?

A were you talking to B are you talking to C you are talking to D you were talking to

5 Please send us a post card as soon as you in London

A will arrive B is going to arrive C

6 Now he a book about English I don’t think he will finish it

A writes B wrote C has written D is writing

7 The foreign guest here almost a week

8 Look! The two boys your window

A were painting B painting C are painting D have painted

9 Before he to bed, he his homework

A went/ has done B went/ had done C goes/ have done D goes/ did

10 He is the most wonderful person I

A have ever met B had ever met C ever meet D am meeting

Exercise 3: Choose one correct answer from A,B.C,D

1 We for going home when it began to rain

A has prepared B are preparing C will be preparing D

were preparing

2 Tim his hair while I up the kitchen

washing-was cleaning

washed-cleaned

3 Working for 12 hours a day her very tired

making

4 I am so happy to hear from Mary because I haven’t seen her last year

later

5 As she a letter last night, the lights suddenly out

wrote/ went

C was writing/ was going D writes/ went

6 How since we school?

A are you/ left B will you be/ had left

C have you been/ had left D have you been / left

7 I my uncle’s home many times when I a child

A visited/ is B visits/ was C visited/ was D visited/ were

8 It me half an hour to get to the supermarket yesterday

spent

9 I can’t believe that my expensive bicycle last night

A was stolen B was stealing C is stolen D stole

10 I here for more than 10 years

teaching

yesterday afternoon

doing

12 At this time yesterday, everyone

in the room

A is dancing B was dancing C dances D danced

13 After Mary her degree, she intends

to work in her father's company

A will finish B is finishing C finishes D will have finished

14 A small stone struck the windshield while we down the road

A drive B were driving C had driven D had been driving

15 Mr Hân is going to the USA for his holiday

He up for nearly a year now

A has saved B is saving C saves D has

been saving

Exercise 4: Find one mistake from A,B,C and D

1 I had ran before you called me

2 I had hidden your wallet before you find it yesterday

3 Mary had dug before you plant trees yesterday afternoon

4 I had have wonderful love before you appeared in my life