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Present perfect continuousPresent Perfect Continuous Tense I have been singing How do we make the Present Perfect Continuous Tense?. Ta dùng thì present perfect continuous khi nói về nhữ

Present perfect continuous

Present Perfect Continuous Tense

I have been singing

How do we make the Present Perfect Continuous Tense?

The structure of the present perfect continuous tense is:

subject + auxiliary verb + auxiliary verb + main verb

have

Here are some examples of the present perfect continuous tense:

subject auxiliary verb auxiliary verb main verb

You have been You've been

He has been

She has been

It has been

John has been

The car has been

He's beenShe's beenIt's beenJohn's beenThe car's been

We have been We've been

They have been They've been

Here are some examples:

 I've been reading

 The car's been giving trouble

 We've been playing tennis for two hours

How do we use the Present Perfect Continuous Tense?

This tense is called the present perfect continuous tense There is usually a connection with the present

or now There are basically two uses for the present perfect continuous tense:

1 An action that has just stopped or recently stopped

We use the present perfect continuous tense to talk about an action that started in the past and stopped recently There is usually a result now.

I'm tired because I've been running

!!!

Recent action Result now

 I'm tired [now] because I've been running.

 Why is the grass wet [now]? Has it been raining?

 You don't understand [now] because you haven't been listening.

2 An action continuing up to now

We use the present perfect continuous tense to talk about an action that started in the past and is continuing now This is often used with for or since.

I have been reading for 2 hours

Action started in past Action is continuing now

 I have been reading for 2 hours [I am still reading now.]

 We've been studying since 9 o'clock [We're still studying now.]

 How long have you been learning English? [You are still learning now.]

 We have not been smoking [And we are not smoking now.]

For and Since with Present Perfect Continuous Tense

We often use for and since with the present perfect tense.

 We use for to talk about a period of time - 5 minutes, 2 weeks, 6 years.

 We use since to talk about a point in past time - 9 o'clock, 1st January, Monday.

2 centuries 1800

a long time I left school

ever the beginning of time

Here are some examples:

 I have been studying for 3 hours.

 I have been watching TV since 7pm.

 Tara hasn't been feeling well for 2 weeks.

 Tara hasn't been visiting us since March.

 He has been playing football for a long time.

 He has been living in Bangkok since he left school.

Present perfect continuous

A It has been raining Xem ví dụ sau:

Is it raining?

No, but the ground is wet

It has been raining

Trời mới vừa mưa xong

Have/has been -ing là thì present perfect continuous.I/we/they/you have (=I've etc.) been doing

I/we/they/you have (=I've etc.) been waiting

I/we/they/you have (=I've etc.) been playing

etc

he/she/it has (=he's ect.) been doing

he/she/it has (=he's ect.) been waiting

he/she/it has (=he's ect.) been playing etc

Ta dùng thì present perfect continuous khi nói về những hành động đã kết thúc gần đây hay mới vừa kết thúc và kết quả của nó có sự liên hệ hay ảnh hưởng tới hiện tại:

You’re out to breath Have you been running? (you are out of breath now)

Bạn trông mệt đứt hơi Bạn vừa mới chạy phải không? (hiện giờ anh ấy như đứt hơi)

Paul is very tired He’s been working very hard (he's tired now)

Paul rất mệt Anh ấy vừa mới làm việc rất căng (bây giờ anh ấy đang mệt)

Why are your clothes so dirty? What have you been doing?

Sao quần áo bạn bẩn thế Bạn vừa mới làm gì vậy?

I’ve been talking to Carol about the problem and she thinks that

Mình vừa mới đề cập đến vấn đề của Carol và cô ấy nghĩ là

B It has been raining for two hours Xét ví dụ sau:

It is raining now It began raining two hours ago and it is still raining

Trời đang mưa Trời đã mưa được hai giờ rồi và bây giờ còn đang mưa

How long has it been raining?

It has been raining for two hours

Trời đã mưa được hai tiếng đồng hồ

Chúng ta dùng thì present perfect contiuous cho những trường hợp này, đặc biệt là dùng với how long, for và since Hành động là vẫn đang xảy ra (như ví dụ trên) hay vừa mới chấm dứt.

How long have you been learning English? (you're still learning English)

Bạn đã học tiếng Anh được bao lâu rồi? (bạn vẫn đang còn học tiếng Anh)

Tim is watching television He has been watching television for two hours

Tim đang xem TV Anh ấy đã xem TV được hai giờ rồi

Where have you been? I have been looking for you for the last half hour.

Anh đã ở đâu vậy? Tôi đã tìm anh nửa tiếng đồng hồ rồi

George hasn’t been feeling well recently

George vừa mới cảm thấy khỏe gần đây

Chúng ta có thể dùng thì present perfect continuous để chỉ những hành động lặp đi lặp lại trong một khoảng thời gian:

Debbie is a very good player tennis She’s been playing since she was eight

Debbie là một vận động viên quần vợt rất giỏi Cô ấy đã chơi quần vợt từ khi lên tám

Every morning they meet in the same cafô They’ve been going there for years

Mỗi sáng họ lại gặp nhau ở cùng một quán cà phê Họ đã đến quán đó nhiều năm rồi

C So sánh I am doing (xem UNIT 1) và I have been doing

Don’t disturb me now I am working

Đừng quấy rầy tôi bây giờ Tôi đang làm việc

I’ve been working hard, so now I’m going to have a rest.

Tôi đã làm việc nhiều rồi nên bây giờ tôi sẽ đi nghỉ

We need an umbrella It’s raining

Chúng tôi cần một cây dù Trời đang mưa

The ground is wet It’s been raining

Mặt đất còn ướt Trời đã mưa

Hurry up ! We’re waiting

We’ve been waiting for an hour

Present perfect continuous and simple

A Nghiên cứu ví dụ sau:

Ann’s clothes are covered in paint She has been painting the ceiling

Quần áo của Ann dính toàn sơn Cô ấy đang sơn trần nhà

The ceiling was white Now it is blue She has painted the ceiling

Trần nhà trước đây màu trắng Bây giờ nó màu xanh Cô ấy đã sơn trần nhà.

Has been painting là thì present perfect continuous (thì hiện tại hoàn thành tiếp diễn): Ở đây chúng ta quan tâm đến hành động mà không quan tâm đến hành động đã hoàn tất hay chưa Ở ví

dụ trên, hành động sơn tường chưa kết thúc.

Has painted là thì present perfect simple (thì hiện tại hoàn thành): Ở thì này, điều quan trọng là sự hoàn thành của hành động Has painted là một hành động đã hoàn tất Chúng ta quan tâm đến kết quả của hành động chứ không phải bản thân hành động đó.

So sánh các ví dụ sau:

My hands are very dirty I’ve been repairing the car

Tay tôi rất bẩn Tôi đang sửa xe

The car is OK again I’ve repaired it

Chiếc xe giờ lại tốt rồi Tôi đã sửa nó

She’s been smoking too much recently She should smoke less

Gần đây cô ấy hút thuốc quá nhiều Cô ấy nên hút ít đi

Somebody has smoked all my cigarettes The packet is empty

Ai đó đã hút hết thuốc của tôi Gói thuốc trống rỗng rồi

It’s nice to meet you again What have you been doing since we last met?

Rất mừng gặp lại bạn Bạn đã làm gì từ khi chúng ta gặp nhau lần sau cùng?

Where’s the book I gave you? What have you done with it?

Cuốn sách tôi đã tặng bạn đâu rồi? Bạn đã làm gì với nó?

Where have you been? Have you been playing tennis?

Bạn đã ở đâu vậy? Bạn đã chơi quần vợt phải không?

Have you ever played tennis?

Bạn đã từng chơi quần vợt chưa?

Chúng ta dùng thì continuous để hỏi hay nói how long - bao lâu (cho hành động vẫn còn đang xảy ra)

How long have you been reading that book?

Bạn đã đọc cuốn sách đó được bao lâu rồi?

Mary is still writing letters She’s been writing letters all day

Mary vẫn đang còn viết thư Cô ấy đã viết thư cả ngày hôm nay.

They’ve been playing tenis since 2 o’clock

Họ đã chơi quần vợt từ lúc 2 giờ

Chúng ta dùng thì simple để hỏi hay nói how much, how many hay how many times (cho những hành động đã kết thúc)

How many pages of that book have you read?

Bạn đã đọc được bao nhiêu trang của cuốn sách rồi?

Mary has written ten letters today

Hôm nay Mary đã viết được mười lá thư

They’ve played tennis three times this week

Họ đã chơi quần vợt ba lần trong tuần này

Một số động từ (ví dụ như know/like/believe) không được dùng với thì continuous.

I’ve known about it for a long time (not "I've been knowing")

Tôi đã được biết về điều đó lâu rồi

EXERCISE 1:

Exercise on Present Perfect Progressive

Put the verbs into the correct form (present perfect progressive)

1 He (work) in this company since 1985

2 I (wait) for you since two o'clock

3 Mary (live) in Germany since 1992

4 Why is he so tired? He (play) tennis for five hours

5 How long (learn / you) English?

6 We (look for) the motorway for more than an hour

7 I (live) without electricity for two weeks

8 The film (run / not) for ten minutes yet, but there's a commercial break already

9 How long (work / she) in the garden?

10 She (not / be) in the garden for more than an hour

Exercise on Present Perfect Progressive

Put the verbs into the correct form (present perfect progressive)

1 He has been working in this company since 1985

2 I have been waiting for you since two o'clock

3 Mary has been living in Germany since 1992

4 Why is he so tired? He has been playing tennis for five hours

5 How long have you been learning English?

6 We have been looking for the motorway for more than an hour

7 I have been living without electricity for two weeks

8 The film has not been running for ten minutes yet, but there's a commercial break already

has been w or

9 How long has she been working in the garden?

10 She has not been in the garden for more than an hour

EXERCISE 2:

Examples: You / run / in the park.

You've been running in the park

1 She / sit / on the chair

2 I / look / at the lovely scenery

3 We / talk / about the new teacher

4 It / rain / all day

5 He / learn / English for two years

6 I / work / at the bank

7 They / feel / sick since Tuesday

8 He / smoke / in my house

9 We / go to that new shop

10 George and Harry / watch / football

Put each verb in the correct form

REMEMBER: have/has + been + -ing

3 He soccer for several years (play)

4 She to this school since 1999 (go)

5 They around the world for six weeks (travel)

Present Perfect ContinuousPresent Perfect Continuous gap-fill exercise

1989

7 Mr Brown (work) in this office for 2 years

the vets

9 Jane (lie) in the sun for too long

Do the exercises below on the present perfect simple and continuous and click on the

answer button to check your answers.

(Before doing the exercises you may want to read the lesson on present perfect simple and continuous)

Write sentences in present perfect simple.

1 They / play / football -

2 He / speak / English -

3 I / write / a poem -

4 We / not / wash / the car -

5 Nancy / not / meet / her friends-

Write questions in present perfect simple.

1 They / finish / their homework -

2 She / visit / her friend-

3 The maid / clean / the house -

4 He / drive / the van -

5 You / ever / write / a poem -

Put the verbs into the correct form (present perfect simple or simple past).

1 I (not / work) today

2 We (buy) a new car last week

3 We (not / plan) our holiday yet

4 She (not / see) her mother for a long time

5 He (write) a beautiful poem yesterday

Put the verbs into the correct form (present perfect simple or continuous).

1 I think the waiter (forget) us We (wait) here for over half an hour and nobody (take) our order yet

2 I think you're right He (walk) by us at least twenty times He probably thinks we

Write sentences in present perfect simple.

1 They / play / football - They have played football

2 He / speak / English - He has spoken English

3 I / write / a poem - I have written a poem

4 We / not / wash / the car - We have not washed the car / We haven't washed the car

5 Nancy / not / meet / her friends- Nancy has not met her friends / Nancy hasn't met her friends

Write questions in present perfect simple.

1 They / finish / their homework - Have they finished their homework?

2 She / visit / her friend- Has she visited her friend?

3 The maid / clean / the house - Has the maid cleaned the house?

4 He / drive / the van - Has he driven the van?

5 You / ever / write / a poem - Have you ever written a poem?

Put the verbs into the correct form (present perfect simple or simple past).

1 I (not / work) have not worked / haven't worked today

2 We (buy) bought a new car last week

3 We (not / plan) have not planned / haven't planned our holiday yet

4 She (not / see) has not seen / hasn't seen her mother for a long time

5 He (write) wrote a beautiful poem yesterday

Put the verbs into the correct form (present perfect simple or continuous).

1 I think the waiter (forget) has forgotten us We (wait) have been waiting here for over half an hour and nobody (take) has taken our order yet

2 I think you're right He (walk) has been walking by us at least twenty times He probably thinks we (order, already) have already ordered

EXERCISE 4:

Present Perfect Simple or Continuous Complete the sentences below with either the simple

or continuous form of present perfect.

1. Heidi is a writer You ask her:

2. Bill is waiting for you You ask him:

3. You see Ken playing tennis You ask him:

4. Jill is learning Spanish You ask her:

5. Jeff is smoking

a He (smoke) 10 cigarettes so far today.

6. John is an actor

The answers are:

1 have you written

2 have you been writing

3 have you been waiting

4 have you played

5 have you been playing

6 has been playing

7 have you been learning

8 has smoked

9 has been smoking

10 has been

Examples: I / study / very hard lately.

I haven't been studying very hard lately

1 I / grow / vegetables for a while

2 You / walk / very much lately

3 She / come / home early

4 The clock / work / since last year

5 Tina / teach / English all year

6 They / live / in Sydney since 1995

7 We / go / to the new swimming pool

8 He / exercise / regularly

9 You / read / much recently

10 They / meet / in secret

The answers are:

1 I haven't been growing vegetables for a while

2 You haven't been walking very much lately

3 She hasn't been coming home early

4 The clock hasn't been working since last year

5 Tina hasn't been teaching English all year

6 They haven't been living in Sydney since 1995

7 We haven't been going to the new swimming pool

8 He hasn't been exercising regularly

9 You haven't been reading much recently

10 They haven't been meeting in secret

Present Perfect Continuous - Questions

Examples: you / learn / English

Have you been learning English?

How long / you / learn / EnglishHow long have you been learning English?

2. he / go / to his mother's very often?

4. how long / she / work / at that school?

9. Lilly / have / a hard time at work?

10. how long / you / wash / cars?

The answers are:

1 Have you been studying hard?

2 Has he been going to his mother's very often?

3 How long have we been waiting here?

4 How long has she been working at that school?

5 What have you been doing?

6 How long has it been raining?

7 Have you been crying?

8 Have they been travelling (or traveling) around Asia?

9 Has Lilly been having a hard time at work?

10 How long have you been washing cars?

EXERCISE 5:

Now complete the sentences below using the correct form.

 1) Oh no! I can't pay for the taxi; I have _ my money at home.