Gerund is used after prepositions: sử dụng sau giới từ *to be/ get used to + V_ing accustomed to Ex1: He is / gets used to getting up early.. * to be /get fond of keen on + V_ing i
Trang 1FORMS OF VERBS
I Gerund : Danh động từ
A FORM: (cách cấu tạo) V + ING = N
Eg: doing, living, working…
B USAGE: (cách sử dụng)
1 Gerund is used after prepositions: sử dụng sau giới từ
*to be/ get used to + V_ing
accustomed to
Ex1: He is / gets used to getting up early.
* to be /get fond of
keen on + V_ing
interested in
Ex2: She is interested in watching Korea film.
*to be/ get tired of
bored with fed up with
* to be/ get afraid of + V_ing
terified of appalled by
* to be good at
Ex3: He is good at learning maths, physics, chemistry.
2 Đứng sau thành ngữ : it is no use, it is no good :
there is no use, there is no good: vô ích can’t stand bear help : không thể chịu được
3 Sau hai tính từ : busy, worth + V_ing
4 Gerund as a verb : Đứng sau một số động từ này
Ex: She enjoyed eating banana
1 admit : thừa nhận
2 appreciate : đánh giá cao
3 avoid : tránh
4 consider : xem xét
5 delay : trì hõan
6 dislike : không thích
7 deny : từ chối
8 enjoy : thưởng thức
9 finish : hòan thành
10 forget : quên ( qúa khứ )
11 forgive : tha thứ
12 fancy : tưởng tượng
13 keep : tiếp tục
14 like : thích
15 risk : liều lĩnh
18 hate : ghét
19 mind : phiền
20 miss : nhớ, lỡ, mất
21 postpone : đình, hõan
22 practise : luyện tập
23 recall : gợi lại, nhớ lại
24 regret : tiếc nuối ( quá khứ)
25 tolerate : bỏ qua
26 understand : hiểu
27 remember : nhớ ( qúa khứ )
28 resent : tức giận, phật ý
29 resist : cưỡng lại, phản kháng
30 restrict : hạn chế, giảm bớt, ngăn ngừa
* can’t bear, can’t stand, can’t help
S + V + V_ing
Trang 216 stop : ngừng, từ bỏ
17 suggest : đề nghị * it is no use, it is no good, there is nouse
* look forward to
* busy, worth
II TO INFINITIVE ( To V (động từ nguyên mẫu có To
1 Bare infinitive ( Động từ nguyên mẫu không có To.
a Đứng sau động từ khiếm khuyết
Ex1: They shall go camping
B Đứng sau động từ chỉ giác quan.
Ex: They see him pick up the gun.
Note:
* to help + O + to V
+ V 0
Ex; He helped me (to ) do my homework
2 INFINITIVE ( Động từ nguyên mẫu có To.
a S + V + To V
Ex1: She agreed to love him
1 afford : cung cấp đủ
2 agree : đồng ý
3 appear : có vẻ
4 arrange : sắp xếp
5 ask : hỏi
6 attempt : cố gắng
7 beg : đề nghị, xin
8 care : quan tâm
9 claim : cho là, tuyên bố
11 decide : quyết định
12 demand : yêu cầu
14 expect : trông đợi
21 manage : xoay xở
22 mean : muốn
23 need : cần ( chủ động, người )
24 offer : mời
25 plan : dự định, kế hoạch
26 prepare : chuẩn bị
27 pretend : giả vờ
28 promise : hứa
29 refuse : từ chối
32 seem : dường như
34 swear : thề
36 tend : có khuynh hướng
can/ could must may/ might ought to
S + shall/ should, will/ would + V0
need/ needn’t dare / daren’t would sooner = would rather had better= ‘d better
S + see/ hear/ feel/ watch/ notice + O + V0
let/ make/ have
Trang 315 dare : dám
16 fail : thất bại
18 hesitate : ngập ngừng
19 hope : hy vọng
20 learn : học
37 volunteer : tình nguyện, xung phong
38 wait : đợi
39 want : muốn ( chủ động )
40 wish : ao ước
B S + V + O + To.
Ex: He begged her to kill him.
1 advise : khuyên
2 allow: cho phép
3 ask : hỏi, đòi hỏi
4 beg : năn nỉ, xin
7 convince : thuyết phục
9 encourage :khuyến khích
10 expect : trông đợi
11 forbid : cấm
12 force : bắt buộc
14 instruct : chỉ dẫn
15 invite : mời
16 need : cần
17 tempt : cám dỗ
18 intend : dự định
19 order : ra lệnh
20 permit : cho phép
21 persuade : thuyết phục
22 remind : nhắc lại
23 require : yêu cầu
24 recommend : khuyên
26 tell : bảo
27 urge : thúc giục, thuyết phục
28 want : muốn
29 warn : cảnh báo
31 would like : thích
32 would prefer : thích
33 appoint : chỉ định ai làm gì
35 choose : lựa chọn
36 compel : cưỡng bách
37 defy : thách
38 desire : ao ước, thèm thuồng
39 direct : hướng dẫn, chỉ huy
40 implore : yêu cầu
41 provoke : xúi giục
C Một số động từ có 2 trường hợp:
Stop + to V : dừng lại để…
V-ing: từ bỏ(thói quen
Remember + V-ing: nhớ đã làm gì (qúa khứ)
To V: nhớ sẽ làm gì (tương lai)
Forget + V-ing: đã quên làm gì (qúa khứ)
To V : Sẽ(không quên làm gì (tương lai)
Regret + V-ing: hối hận vì đã…
To V: thông báo một tin xấu
Try + V-ing: thử làm gì đó
To V: cố gắng làm gì đó
3 Một số cấu trúc khác:
a
Ex1: It’s difficult to learn English well.
b.
It + is + adj + (for O) + To V
It + takes /took /cost + adj + (for O) + To V
Trang 4Ex2: It took me 30 minutes to get there by bicycle.
c
Ex3: This shirt is too short for me to wear.
d
Ex4: She is not young enough to take part in the beauty
contest
4 The infinitive can express purpose: (Diễn tả mục đích)
Ex1: She is going to Paris to improve her French.
Ex2: In order to pass the exams we are studying very hard Ex3: We studying hard in order to pass the exam
Ex4: We are studying hard so as not to fail the exams.
EXERCISE:
A Supply the correct form of the verbs :
1 I wanted her (learn) _ English.
2 Will you help me (move) _ this desk ?
3 Please let me (know) _ your opinion.
4 Would you like (paint) _ your bike or should I have a painter (do)
it for you ?
5 He warned me (not come) _ late.
6 Did you see Tom (try) (reach) the top of the dresser ?
7 We had to ask the students (stop) _ (make so much noise.
8 I couldn’t stand (be) _ alone in the dark room.
9 You must remember (lock) _ the door before leaving the house.
10 The children are busy (collect) _ shells on the beach
11 We regret (say) that the lecture was dull and wasn’t worth (listen) _
to
12 He enjoys (listen) _ to his own voice.
13 Can you manage(finish.) _ (write) these reports by
yourself ?
14 We considered (give) her a dress for her birthday, but couldn’t help
(buy _ her some flowers, too
15 Would you mind (keep) quiet for a moment ? I’m trying (fill)
in a form
- It’s no use (ask) _ children (keep) _ quiet They can’t help (make) _ noise
16 Could I (see) _ Mr Brown, please ?
S + is / was + TOO + adj + To V
S + is / was + adj + enough + To V
to
S + V + in order to + V 0
so as to
Trang 517 I am looking forward to (see) you.
18 He urged us (work) faster.
19 It's no use (wait)
20 He is tired of ( walk ) to school.
B Mark A, B, C,or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.
1 We don't mind _ poor people
A helping B to helping C to help D help
2 Mrs Taylor is usually busy her housework
do
3 John decided another job
have found
4 She told me _ the back door
shut
5 We're looking forward _ from our aunt
hear
6 He wanted a book
borrowing
7 Her parents can't stand her at home all day
8 Don't forget me an email when you arrive home
dropping
9 Would you like _ some chocolate?
are correct
10 My grandfather promised _ me a toy car
giving
11 The film was very sad It made us _
crying
12 They invited me _ their wedding party
attend
13 My neighbour saw Tom to a stranger
and b are correct
14 As a child I enjoyed comics
Trang 6A to read B to reading C reading D read
15 Let us a camping fire
to making
16 I can hear someone at the door
A knocks B knock C is knocking D to
knock
17 I think your father should let you to school alone
gone
18 Does Dr Johnson mind at home if his patients need his help?
A to call B calling C to be called D
being called
19 They let their children _ up late at weekends
A staying B stay C to stay D stayed
20 Peter is very funny He makes me _a lot
A laugh B to laugh C laughing D laughed
21 They noticed him _ the agreement
signed
22 The boss made _for a meeting after work
A us to stay B us stay C us staying D us to staying
23 The man wanted to avoid on security cameras
A to see B seeing C to be seen D being seen
24 Peter _ to go in for the exam
decided
25 Will you remind me this letter at the post office?
A to post B posting C to be posted D being posted
26 I have told him never to buy some potatoes on the way home
A come B comes C came D to come
27 His mothes hates… to pop music
A listen B listening C to listening D having listened
28 The chikdren enjoy … football after school
A played B playing C to play D play
29 John doesn’t want … far from his house
A works B work C to works D working
30 I persuaded my friend … me his caravan for my trip to the country side
Trang 7A with lending B with to lend C to lend D lending
31 I enjoy to cook for there five hungry children
A B C D
32 His parents never allowed him …
A a smoking B smoking C to smoke D some smoke
33 Do you consider……… friens on Sunday?
A inviting B to invide C invited D inviter
34 After finishing the presentation, I suggested… to the , cinema
A us to go B that we to go C going D
we going
35 Comedies always make me ……
A laughing B to laugh C laugh D laughed
36 He avoids … me on the street
A to meet B met C meeting D to be met
37 Would you mind give me a hand ? I have a lot of things
A B C D
38 I remember … you about this before
A tell B to tell C telling D told
39 He let the letter … onto the floor
A fall B falls C falling D fell
40 The police want us … anything
A that we report B reporting C to report D we report
41 Please ask them … in this area
A don’t smoke B not smoking C not to smoke D to not smoke
42 Let your name … in the sheet pares
A tobe written B being written C write D being written
43 His parents allows him …
A to smoke B smoked C smoking D to smoking
44 As we walked past , we saw her … his car
A in washing B to wash C wash D washing
45 The skiers would rather through the mountains than go by bus
A to travel on train b traveled by train c travel by train d
traveling by the train