CONDITIONAL SENTENCES Câu điều kiện A.. If there isn’t enough rain, the hydropower station can not operate.. When there isn’t enough rain, the hydropower station can operate.. Unless t
Trang 1CONDITIONAL SENTENCES
( Câu điều kiện)
A Kinds of conditional sentences:
I Type 1: (Real conditional sentences).
a Khẳng định Ex1: If I have time, I will visit you
If + S1 + V1s/ es , S2 + will / shall (not) + V0
b Phủ định:
Ex2: If you don’t study, you won’t pass your exam
If + S1 + don’t / doesn’t + V1 , S2 + will / shall (not) + V0
II Type 2: (Present unreal conditional sentences ).
1 Tobe: ( were) sử dụng cho tất cả các ngôi( I, you, we, they, he, she, it)
Ex1: If today were Saturday , I could go to the beach
would
If + S1 + were , S2 + should + V0
(not) could
might (not)
Ex2: If I had time , I would write you a letter.
Ex3: If she didn’t speak so quickly , I could
understand her
would
If + S1 + V2ed , S2 + should + V0
didn’t + V1 could
might (not)
III Type 3: (Past unreal conditional sentences ).
Ex1: If I hadn’t lost my way, I would have arrived
sooner
would
If + S1 + had + V3ed , S2 + should + have + V3/ ed (not) could
might (not)
Trang 2 Note:
- Trong cõu đk, ta cú thể thay IF not = Unless ( nếu khụng, trừ phi)
Ex1: If you don’t study hard, you will fail in the exam.
= Unless you study hard, you will fail in the exam.
Ex2: If she doesn’t water these trees, they will die
= Unless she water these trees, they will die.
- Khi đảo ngược ( inversion) mệnh đề IF thỡ ta bỏ IF đi trong cõu đk loại
2, 3 và đưa WERE, DID, HAD ra đầu cõu.
Ex1: If I were younger, I would play tennis.
= Were I younger,I would play tennis.
Ex2: If he worked so hard, he would succeed.
= Did he work so hard, he would succeed.
Ex3: If he had studied hard, he would have passed his
exam
= Had he studied hard, he would have passed his
exam
- Provided ( that) / providing ( that), On condition (that )( với điều kiện là) , As long as, so long as (miễn là, với điều kiện là), Suppose, supposing ( giả sử nh ), In case ( trong trờng hợp), Even if ( ngay cả khi, dù
cho dùng để chỉ sự tơng phản hay nhấn mạnh), có thể dùng thay cho If trong câu điều kiện.
Ex1: Supposing it rains, what will you do ? Ex2: I’ll accept your invitation provided you go with
me
Ex3: Even if he goes to bed early, he always wakes up
late
EXERCISE:
Conditional sentences: type I
1 If I see him I (give) _ him a lift
2 The table will collapse if you (stand) _on it
Trang 33 If he (eat) _ all that he will be ill.
4 If I find your passport I (telephone) _ you at once
5 The police (arrest) him if they catch him
6 If he (read) in bad light he will ruin his eyes
7 Someone (steal) your car if you leave it unlocked
8 If he (wash) _ my car I'll give him Ј10
9 If you (not go) _ away I'll send for the police
10 I'll be very angry if he (make) any more mistakes
11 If he (be) _late we'll go without him
12 She will be absolutely furious if she (hear) _ about this
13 If you put on the kettle I (make) the tea
14 If you give my dog a bone he (bury) it at once
15 If we leave the car here it (not be) _in anybody's way
16 He'll be late for the train if he (not start) _ at once
17 If you come late they (not let) you in
18 If he (go) _on telling lies nobody will believe a word he says
19 Unless he (sell) _ more he won't get much commission
20 We'll have to move upstairs if the river (rise) any higher
21 If the house (burn) down we can claim compensation
22 Unless you are more careful you (have) an accident
23 If you will kindly sit down, I (make) enquiries for you
24 She won't open the door unless she (know) who it is
Conditional sentences: type II
1 If I (know) _his address I'd give it to you
2 He (look) _ a lot better if he shaved more often
3 If you (play) for lower stakes you wouldn't lose so much
4 If he worked more slowly he (not make) _so many mistakes
5 I shouldn't drink that wine if I (be) _you
6 More tourists would come to this country if it (have) _ a better climate
7 I (buy) shares in that company if I had some money
8 If he (clean) _his windscreen he'd be able to see where he was going
9 If you (not belong) _to a union you couldn't get a job
10 If I (win) a big prize in a lottery I'd give up my job
11 I could tell you what this means if I (know) _Greek
12 If everybody (give) _Ј1 we would have enough
13 He might get fat if he (stop) smoking
14 If he knew that it was dangerous he (not come) _
15 I (be) ruined if I bought her everything she asked for
16 I could get a job easily if I (have) _ a degree
17 If she (do) _ her hair differently she might look quite nice
18 If we had more rain our crops (grow) _ faster
19 I (keep) _a horse if I could afford it '
20 I'd go and see him more often if he (live) _on a bus route
Trang 421 If you (paint) the walls white the room would be much brighter
Conditional sentences: type III
1 If I had known that you were in hospital I (visit) you
2 If you (arrive) _ten minutes earlier you would have got a seat
3 You would have seen my garden at its best if you (be) here last week
4 If he had slipped he (fall) _ 500 metres
5 If I (had) a map I would have been all right
6 If I (know) that you were coming I'd have baked a cake
7 If you had left that wasp alone it (not sting) you
8 If you (not sneeze) _he wouldn't have known that we were there
9 If you (put) some mustard in the sandwiches they would have tasted better
10 If he had known that the river was dangerous he (not try) _ to swim across it
11 If he had known the whole story he (not be) _ so angry
12 I shouldn't have eaten it if I (know) that there was ginger in it
13 You (not get) into trouble if you had obeyed my instructions
14 If I (be) ready when he called he would have taken me with him
15 He would have been arrested if he (try) _to leave the country
16 They would have forced their way into the house if I (not call) _ for help
Conditional sentences: mixed types
1 If you pass your examination we (have) a celebration
2 I should have voted for her if I (have) _ a vote then
3 The flight may be cancelled if the fog (get) _ thick
4 You would play better bridge if you (not talk) so much
5 I could repair the roof myself if I (have) _a long ladder
6 Unless they turn that radio off I (go) mad
7 We'll have a long way to walk if we (run) _out of petrol here
8 I'll probably get lost unless he (come) with me
9 If you (wear) _ a false beard nobody would have recognized you
10 If she (leave) the fish there the car will get it
11 I (bring) _you some beer if I had known that you were thirsty
12 I (not buy) _ things on the installment system if I were you
13 You (not be) _any use to me unless you learn to type
14 If anyone attacked me, my dog (jump) _at his throat
15 The ship would have run aground if the pilot (make) _one
mistake
Circle the best answer to fill each of bank.
1 If I were you , I … a new car
Trang 5A will buy B bought C would buy D buy
2 If I had time, I … to the heach with you this weekend
A would go B will go C would have gone D will have gone
3 I’ll send you the information if you … me address
A tell B told C will tell D have told
4 what … happen if there were no plants on easth ?
A will B would C could D did
5 if Hoa had had a rain coat, he … a cold
A didn’t catch B would have caught C wouldn’t have catch D
wouldn’t have caught
6 If John … a map he wouldn’t have lost the way
A have had B had C had had D would have
7 If Mary … a fluent English , she would have got a good job
A speak B had spoken C spoke D was speaking
8 If you keep on playing gams on computer , I would send it
A B C D
9 If I see the sight , I could tell you about that
A B C D
10 If I learn harder , I … pass the final exam
A should B will C could D would
11 We would save thousancls of live if … the remedy for the flu
A we had not fount out B we found C we find out D we will find
13 If I finish the work on time , I … to the footbale game
A would go B will go C would have gone D go
14 If I had told them the truth, they … him
A would have punished B will not have punished
C will not punish D would not punish
15 Had he driven more carefully, he … fewer accident
A had had B would have had C will have D would have
16 Did I have a degree, I… a job easily
A will get B would get C would have got D got
17 If it … tomorrow, I shall stay at home
A rains B rain C had rained D rained
18 Did she have more peactice, she… speak English
A will B would C will have D would have
19 If she … this company , she would make a lot of changes
A runs B has run C in running D ran
20 If she hadn’t lost her ticket, she … so upset now
Trang 6A won’t be B wasn’t C hadn’t been D
wouldn’t have been
21 If we … about the film , we would have gone to see it
A know B knew C have know D had known
22 If there isn’t enough rain, the hydropower station can not operate.
A When there isn’t enough rain, the hydropower station can operate
B Unless there is enough rain, the hydropower station can operate
C Unless there isn’t enough rain, the hydropower station can not operate
D Unless there is enough rain, the hydropower station can’t operate
23 If we can’t prevent it in advance, the hurrican will destroy the coastal towns.
A Unless we can prevent it in advance, the hurrican will destroy the coastal towns
B Unless we can prevent it in advance, the hurrican won’t destroy the coastal towns
C Unless we can’t prevent it in advance, the hurrican won’t destroy the coastal towns
D When we can’t prevent it in advance, the hurrican won’t destroy the coastal towns
24 I don’t have enough money with me now; otherwise I will buy that coat.
A If I didn’t have enough money with me now, I would buy that coat
B If I had enough money with me now, I would buy that coat
C If I had enough money with me now, I wouldn’t buy that coat
D If I didn’t have enough money with me now, I wouldn’t buy that coat
25 It’s raining and they can’t go camping in the mountain.
A If it was raining, they could go camping in the mountain
B If it isn’t raining, they could go camping in the mountain
C If it wasn’t raining, they could go camping in the mountain
D If it is raining, they could go camping in the mountain
26 I didn’t have an umbrella with me, so I got wet.
A If I had had an umbrella, I wouldn’t have got wet
B If I had had an umbrella, I would have got wet
C If I had had an umbrella, I wouldn’t get wet
D If I had had an umbrella, I would get wet