CHỦ ĐỀ 07 – MỆNH ĐỀ TÍNH NGỮ Mệnh đề tính ngữ: có chức năng của một tính từ, nghĩa là được dung để phẩm định cho danh từ đứng trước nó.. Các mệnh đề này bắt đầu bằng các đại từ liên hệ n
Trang 1CHỦ ĐỀ 07 – MỆNH ĐỀ TÍNH NGỮ
Mệnh đề tính ngữ: có chức năng của một tính từ, nghĩa là được dung để phẩm định cho danh từ đứng trước nó Các mệnh đề này bắt đầu bằng các đại từ liên hệ như: who, whom, that, whose… hoặc các phó từ liên hệ như why, where, when
This is the bicycle that I would like to buy
Những từ đứng đầu các mệnh đề tính ngữ (who, whom, which…) được gọi là các đại
từ liên hệ vì chúngđược thay cho danh từ đứng trước và chỉ về một đối tượng với danh từ
- Who: dung thay cho danh từ đi trước, làm chủu từ
The man who saw the accident yesterday is my neighbour
- Whom: dung thay cho danh từ chỉ người, làm tân ngữ
The man whom I saw yesterday is John
- Which: được dùng thay cho danh từ chỉ đồ vật con vật, sự vật, làm chủ ngữ hoặc tân ngữ
The horse which I recently bought is an Arab
- Whose: được dung để chỉ sở hữu cho danh từ chỉ người hoặc vật đứng trước
A child whose parents are dead is called an orphan
- Of which: dung để chỉ sở hữu cho danh từ chỉ vật đứngtrước, không dung cho người:
This is the dictionary the cover of which has come off
- That: có thẻ dùng để thay thế who, whom, which Đặc biệt trong các trường hợp sau đây, that bắt buộc phải được sử dụng:
Khi đi sau các hình thức so sánh cực cấp
Khi đi sau: all, same, any, the first, the last
Khi đi sau các đại từ bất định: no one, nobody, nothing, something, somebody, someone, anybody
Khi danh từ đi trước bao gồm cả người lẫn vật
Không được dùng that khi mệnh đề quan hệ đã xác định, không được dùng giới từ + that (of that)
Bài tập 1: Hãy điền mệnh đề tĩnh ngữ chuẩn xác vào chỗ trống:
1 I talked to the girl … car had broken down in front of the shop
2 Mr Richards, … is a taxi driver, lives on the corner
3 We often visit our aunt in Norwich … is in East Anglia
4 This is the girl … comes from Spain
5 That’s Peter, the boy … has just arrived at the airport
Trang 26 Thank you very much for your e-mail … was very interesting
7 The man, … father is a professor, forgot his umbrella
8 The children, … shouted in the street, are not from our school
9 The car, … driver is a young man, is from Ireland
10 What did you do with the money … your mother lent you?
11 Let me see all the letters … you have written
12 The teacher with … we studied last year no longer teaches in our school
13 They showed me the hospital … buildings had been destroyed by US bombings
14 We saw many soldiers and tanks … were moving to the front
15 Love, … is a wonderful, comes to everyone at some time in his life
16 Freedom is something for … millions have given their lives
17 The really happy people are those … enjoy their daily work
18 We must find a time … we can meet and a place… we can talk
19 It was the nurse … told me to come in
20 It is easy to find faults in people … we dislike
21 The man … paid for the meal was a friend of Tom’s
22 The meeting … we had to attend went on for three hours
23 My office, … is on the second floor, is very small
24 Jane works for the company … makes shoes
25 The woman … I was sitting next to talked all the time
26 This school is only for children … first language is not English
27 Laura had the wooden box … she kept her photos in
28 I don’t know the name of the woman to … I spoke on the phone
29 Towns … attract tourists are usually crowded in the summer
30 The sun, … is one of millions of stars in the universe, provides us with heat and light
31 I thought I recognized the assistant … served us
32 Which is the European country … economy is growing the fastest?
33 John, … speaks French and Italian, works as a tour guide
34 She told me her address, … I wrote down on a piece of paper
35 Sarah, … you met yesterday, works in advertising
36 I am afraid the numbers … I chose didn’t win the prize
37 Electronics is a subject about … I know very little
38 Mark, … car had broken down, was in a very bad mood
39 Your friend, … name I can’t remember, made a lot of noise
Trang 340 The river from … we get our water-supply is nearly empty
41 Alexander Fleming was the man … discovered penicillin
42 I like meeting people … have traveled widely
43 The school … I was educated has been demolished
44 The man … I was talking to last week gave me another version of the events
45 I am working for a construction company … head office is in Leeds
46 My grandfather, … was an extraordinary pianist, lived until the age of 78
47 The book … we read in the course was written by Ronald Dahl
48 For years he lived a life … was very pleasurable
49 My car, … I bought in Germany, needs repairing
50 Jeremy, … is a famous author, is coming to see me today
51 The baker … I gave my check was quite friendly
52 I was invited by the girl … I met at Ethel’s birthday party
53 I went to the restaurant … Jane recommended to us
54 These walls are all … remain of the city
55 We received an offer of 80,000 USD for the house, … we accepted
56 The man … wife you met lives next door
57 Is there anything … I can do to help?
58 One of the people … were arrested was Mary
59 The professor … I talked to didn't know the answer to my question
60 A child … mother loves him or her will grow up with confidence
61 Many people just couldn't keep promises … require a lot of effort to fulfill
62 Tom is a student … has received the scholarship from his university
63 Betty White, … is a nurse in a small town, is said to get married
64 The actor was born and grew up in a small town … his father had spent his childhood long ago
65 We have ever met the famous professor … we highly appreciate
66 Miss Betty Jane bought a radio … cost $ 20
67 There are a lot of English books and dictionaries … are put on the selves
68 She is the most dedicated teacher … all her students highly appreciated
69 He is the only leader … will be expected to come to see this village
70 Sunday is the day … all state employees, pupils and students have a day off
71 The house, … is located by the lake , is said to be the most beautiful in this town
72 Her mother is a good doctor … you met in a shop yesterday
Trang 473 The secretary gave me a long document … she had already typed
74 Is there anyone … can help you to do that
75 Let me all the letter … you have already written
76 Nepal is a country … both Buddhism and Hinduism are practiced
77 Mrs Linda, … you met yesterday, will come to see our village in two days
78 In 1970, … I was born, the villager were building that bridge
79 This is the bank … was robbed yesterday
80 A boy … sister is in my class was in the bank at that time
81 The man … robbed the bank had two pistols
82 He wore a mask … made him look like Mickey Mouse
83 He came with a friend … waited outside in the car
84 The woman … gave him the money was young
85 The bag … contained the money was yellow
86 The people … were in the bank were very frightened
87 A man … mobile was ringing did not know what to do
88 A woman … daughter was crying tried to calm her
89 The car … the bank robbers escaped in was orange
90 The robber … mask was obviously too big didn't drive
91 The man … drove the car was nervous
92 He didn't wait at the traffic lights … were red
93 A police officer … car was parked at the next corner stopped and arrested them
Bài tập 2: Nối 2 câu dùng mệnh đề tính ngữ
1 I read a book It was written by a friend of mine
2 A man got on the bus He was carrying a lot of money in a box
3 In the street, there were several people They were waiting for the shop to open
4 Britain imports many cars They were made in Japan
5 There are a lot of people in your office They want to talk to you
6 The cowboy fell off his horse He had been wounded by an arrow
7 Most of people recovered quickly They were injured in the crash
8 John looked anxiously at his watch He wished he hadn’t come to the party
9 The children were playing football in the schoolyard They were my students
10 Vietnam exports a lot of rice It is grown mainly in the south of the country
11 A girl answered the phone She told me you were out
12 The chair was broken two days ago The chair has now been repaired
Trang 513 I saw some people Their car had broken down
14 I recently went back to my hometown I was born there
15 He is going to have an operation It could save him
16 Some buildings were hit by bombs They are still burning
17 Some people want to smoke They have to leave the building
18 A plane crashed into the sea It may have been a terrorist target
19 A shot was fired that day It signaled the start of the America Revolution
20 The letter accused me of theft It hadn’t been signed
21 The doctor was very thorough Ingrid went to see him
22 A scientist discovered the neutron He was James Chadwick
23 People were walking across the bridge They could fell it swaying
24 I found it hard to believe the story Mary told me
25 Toby is ill in hospital I went to school with him
26 I met Jane’s father He works at the university
27 Toby’s parents both died a few years ago He is the same age as me
28 I recently went back to the town I was born there
29 The people moved a long time ago They used to live next door
30 I met a girl I used to go out with her