Bài giảng chuyển hóa các chất - Chuyển Hóa Lipid part 9 pot

v. ChuyÓn ho¸ c¸c thÓ cetonv. ChuyÓn ho¸ c¸c thÓ ceton 3 thÓ ceton: Aceton CH3 thÓ ceton: Aceton CH 33 COCHCOCH 3 3 Acetoacetic acid (CHAcetoacetic acid (CH 33 COCHCOCH 22 COOCOOH)H)  hydroxybutyric acid (CHhydroxybutyric acid (CH 33 CCHHOOHHCHCH 22 COOH)COOH) (±2H) -CO 2  Oxyho¸: ë tæ chøc (tim, c¬, n·o), cung cÊp NL (W) * - Hydroxybutyrat (- H. Butyrat) : - H.Butyrat - H. Butyryl CoA AcetoacetylCoA 2 AcetylCoA ATP AMP + PPi HSCoA NAD NADH 2 Thiolase “O” Krebs CoA W  Tho¸i ho¸ c¸c thÓ cetonTho¸i ho¸ c¸c thÓ ceton  Acetoacetat: => AcetoacetylCoA- 2 c¸ch: + Ho¹t ho¸ (~ ho¹t ho¸ AB): (CH 3 -CO-CH 2 -COOH) CH 3 -CO-CH 2 -CO~SCoA ATP AMP + PPi HSCoA Acetoacetat AcetoacetylCoA + Nhê succinylCoA: Acetoacetat AcetoacetylCoA SuccinylCoA Acid Succinic SuccinylCoA Acetoacetat transferase Ph©n c¾t Acetoacetyl-CoA = 2 AcetylCoA -> Krebs > W  Tæng hîp c¸c thÓ ceton Tæng hîp c¸c thÓ ceton (CS(CS TK)TK) ë ë gan, s¬ ®å/GK: gan, s¬ ®å/GK: > > AcetylAcetyl CoA, AB tù doCoA, AB tù do NADHNADH 22 Thiokinase ATP CoA Acyl-CoA  -Oxy ho¸  -Hydroxybutyryl-CoA NAD NADH 2 “O” n (Acetyl-CoA) 2 Acetyl-CoA AcetoAcetyl-CoA CoA CoA H 2 O HMG-CoA H 2 O CoA Acetoacetat Lyase HMG-CoA  -Hydroxybutyrat NADH 2 NAD DH Krebs CO 2 Acid bÐo TD Aceton: : - Hµm lîng aceton rÊt thÊp/m¸u - Khö CO 2 tù ph¸t Acetoacetat -> Aceton (k o cã ý nghÜa sinh lý) 2 AcetylCoA Acetoacetyl-CoA CoA HMG-CoA (  .Hydroxy-  Metyl- Glutaryl-CoA) AcetylCoA CoA H 2 O AcetylCoA Acetoacetat -Hydroxybutyrat Thiolase HMG-CoA Syntethase HMG-CoA Lyase “K” NADH 2 NAD ĐĐào thải các thể cetonic acidào thải các thể cetonic acid + : NĐ các thể ceton/máu, NT rất thấp + Bệnh lý: Gặp/đói kéo dài, tiểu đờng. - Tăng ceton máu: Khi NĐ ceton > khả năng O của chúng/tổ chức -> Máu nhiễm acid (pH máu và NT ) - Có ceton niệu: pH NT < 5 (: pH NT 5-8) Aceton thải qua phổi -> hơi thở có mùi aceton/N.trùng nặng . NADHNADH 22 Thiokinase ATP CoA Acyl-CoA  -Oxy ho¸  -Hydroxybutyryl-CoA NAD NADH 2 “O” n (Acetyl-CoA) 2 Acetyl-CoA AcetoAcetyl-CoA CoA CoA H 2 O HMG-CoA H 2 O CoA Acetoacetat Lyase HMG-CoA  -Hydroxybutyrat NADH 2 NAD DH Krebs CO 2 Acid. TD Aceton: : - Hµm lîng aceton rÊt thÊp/m¸u - Khö CO 2 tù ph¸t Acetoacetat -& gt; Aceton (k o cã ý nghÜa sinh lý) 2 AcetylCoA Acetoacetyl-CoA CoA HMG-CoA (  .Hydroxy-  Metyl- Glutaryl-CoA) AcetylCoA CoA H 2 O AcetylCoA Acetoacetat -Hydroxybutyrat Thiolase HMG-CoA. cetonTho¸i ho¸ c¸c thÓ ceton  Acetoacetat: => AcetoacetylCoA- 2 c¸ch: + Ho¹t ho¸ (~ ho¹t ho¸ AB): (CH 3 -CO-CH 2 -COOH) CH 3 -CO-CH 2 -CO~SCoA ATP AMP + PPi HSCoA Acetoacetat AcetoacetylCoA + Nhê