PART 1: PHONETICS (NGỮ ÂM) CÁCH PHÁT ÂM S CUỐI : trong trường hợp danh từ số nhiều hoặc động từ số ít. s Khi đi sau các phụ âm điếc (voiceless consonants.: f, k, p, t ,,h Ex: laughs, walks, cups, cats, tenths; books... iz Khi đi sau một phụ âm rít : z, s, dz, t∫, ∫, z. Hoặc các chữ cái: s, x, z, ch, sh, ce, ge Ex: washes , kisses , oranges….. z Không thuộc hai loại trên. Ex: bags , kids , days … EXERCISE 1: 1. A. proofs B. books C. points D. days 2. A. sees B. sports C. pools D. trains 3. A. tombs B. lamps C. brakes D. invites 4. A. books B. floors C. combs D. drums 5. A. cats B. tapes C. rides D. cooks 6. A. walks B. begins C. helps D. cuts 7. A. shoots B. grounds C. concentrates D. forests 8. A. helps B. laughs C. cooks D. finds 9. A. hours B. fathers C. dreams D. thinks 10. A. beds B. doors C. plays D. students 11. A. arms B. suits C. chairs D. boards 12. A. boxes B. classes C. potatoes D. finishes 13. A. relieves B. invents C. buys D. deals 14. A. dreams B. heals C. kills D. tasks 15. A. resources B. stages C. preserves D. focuses 16. A. carriages B. whistles C. assures D. costumes 17. A. offers B. mounts C. pollens D. swords 18. A. miles B. words C. accidents D. names 19. A. sports B. households C. minds D. Plays CÁCH PHÁT ÂM “ –ED” CUỐI : Đây là hình thức Past tense và Past participle: t sau k, f, p, s, ∫, t∫, h ,, hoặc chữ p, k, f, th, s, sh, ch Ex: asked; stopped; laughed... id sau t, d .. Ex: wanted; decided d Trừ 2 trường hợp trên Ex: moved; played; Ngoại lệ: Đuôi ed trong các tính từ sau được phát âm id: aged, learned, beloved, blessed, naked,,... EXERCISE 2: 1. A. worked B. stopped C. forced D. wanted 2. A. kissed B. helped C. forced D. raised 3. A. confused B. faced C. cried D. defined 4. A. devoted B. suggested C. provided D. wished 5. A. catched B. crashed C. occupied D. coughed 6. A. agreed B. missed C. liked D. watched 7. A. measured B. pleased C. distinguished D. managed 8. A. wounded B. routed C. wasted D. risked 9. A. imprisoned B. pointed C. shouted D. surrounded 10. A. failed B. reached C. absored D. solved 11. A. invited B. attended C. celebrated D. díplayed 12. A removed B. washed C. hoped D. missed 13. A. looked B. laughed C. moved D.stepped 14. A. wanted B.parked C. stopped D.watched 15. A. laughed B. passed C. suggested D. placed 16. A.believed B. prepared C. involved D. liked 17. A.lifted B. lasted C. happened D. decided 18. A. collected B. changed C. formed D. viewed 19. A. walked B. entertained C. reached D. looked 20. A.admired B. looked C. missed D. hoped BÀI TẬP VỀ CÁC NGUYÊN ÂM VÀ CÁC PHỤ ÂM KHÁC : 1. A. heat B. scream C. meat D. dead 2. A. breakfast B. teacher C. east D. please 3. A. thrilling B. other C. through D. something 4. A. idea B. going C. will D. trip 5. A. face B. place C. prepared D. days 6. A. Germany B. garden C. gate D. gas 7. A. scholarship B. Christ C. school D. chicken 8. A. house B. harm C. hour D. husband 9. A. hundred B. exhausted C. however D. heat 10. A. head B. ready C. mean D. weather 11. A. choir B. cheap C. child D. chair 12. A. charge B. child C. teacher D. champagne 13. A. reason B. clear C. mean D. each 14. A. motion B. question C. mention D. fiction 15. A. gather B. good C. large D. again 16. A. change B. children C. machine D. church 17. A. write B. writer C. writing D. written 18. A. share B. rare C. are D. declare 19. A. apply B. university C. identity D. early 20. A. choice B. achieve C. each D. chemistry PART 2: MẪU CÂU GIAO TIẾP Câu 1: Peter: How often do you go to school? Harry: ______. A. I don’t think so B. I go there by bus C. I go there early D. Every day except Sunday Câu 2: Helen: Where do you come from? Ann: ______. A. Yes, I have just come here B. In London C. I come from London D. I’m living in London Câu 3: Tom: “How did you get here?” John: “______” A. I came here last night. B. The train is so crowded. C. Is it far from here? D. I came here by train. Câu 4: Linda: Excuse me Where’s the post office? Maria: ______. A. Im afraid not B. Don’t worry C. It’s over there D. Yes, I think so Câu 5: Hoa: “How do you usually go to school?” Linh: “_____.” A. Half an hour B. On foot C. Five days a week D. Two kilometres Câu 6: John: “Would you like a cup of tea?” Mike: “_____.” A. Yes, thanks B. It’s my pleasure C. I’m sorry D. Yes, I do Câu 7 : Maria: Thanks for the lovely evening. Diana: ______. A. No, its not good B. Im glad you enjoyed it C. Yes, its really great D. Oh, thats right Câu 8 : Kim: What ______ this weekend? Sally: Oh, were going windsurfing. Its fantastic A. do you go B. are you going C. would you do D. are you doing Câu 9 : Kevin: How far is it from here to the nearest post office? Lan: ______. A. Turn left and then turn right B. Yes, its quite near here C. Two kilometers at least D. No, its rather far Câu 10 : Pat: Would you like something to eat? Kathy: ______. Im not hungry now. A. No, thanks B. No, no problem C. Yes, I would D. Yes, it is Câu 11 : David: Could you bring me some water? Waiter: ______. A. Certainly, sir B. Yes, I can C. I dont want to D. No, I cant Câu 12 : Ellen: ______? Tom: Hes tall and thin with blue eyes. A. How is John doing B. What does John like C. What does John look like D. Who does John look like Câu 13. Ann: “Let’s go to the movie now.” – Peter: “Oh ____________” A. Good idea B. I don’t C. Why’s that? D. I need it Câu 14. John: Dont forget to send your parents my regards. Tim: _______________ . A. Good idea, thanks B. Youre welcome C. Thanks, I will D. Its my pleasure Câu 16. Nam: What can I do for you? Lan: : _________
Trang 1PART 1: PHONETICS (NGỮ ÂM)
CÁCH PHÁT ÂM " S" CUỐI : trong trường hợp danh từ số nhiều hoặc động từ số ít.
/ s / - Khi đi sau các phụ âm điếc (voiceless consonants.: /f/, /k/, /p/, /t/ ,//,/h/
Ex: laughs, walks, cups, cats, tenths; books
/ iz / - Khi đi sau một phụ âm rít : /z/, /s/, /dz/, /t∫/, /∫/, /z/
- Hoặc các chữ cái: s, x, z, ch, sh, ce, ge
Ex: washes , kisses , oranges…
/ z / - Không thuộc hai loại trên Ex: bags , kids , days …
EXERCISE 1:
CÁCH PHÁT ÂM “ –ED” CUỐI : Đây là hình thức Past tense và Past participle:
/ t / - sau / k, f, p, s, ∫, t∫, h ,/, hoặc chữ p, k, f, th, s, sh, ch
Ex: asked; stopped; laughed
/ id / - sau / t/, /d/ Ex: wanted; decided
/ d / - Trừ 2 trường hợp trênEx: moved; played;
Ngoại lệ: - Đuôi -ed trong các tính từ sau được phát âm /id/: aged, learned, beloved, blessed, naked,,
Trang 22 A kissed B helped C forced D raised
11 A invited B attended C celebrated D díplayed
1 A heat B scream C meat D dead
2 A breakfast B teacher C east D please
3 A thrilling B other C through D something
4 A idea B going C will D trip
5 A face B place C prepared D days
6 A Germany B garden C gate D gas
7 A scholarship B Christ C school D chicken
8 A house B harm C hour D husband
9 A hundred B exhausted C however D heat
10 A head B ready C mean D weather
11 A choir B cheap C child D chair
12 A charge B child C teacher D champagne
13 A reason B clear C mean D each
14 A motion B question C mention D fiction
15 A gather B g ood C large D again
16 A change B children C machine D church
17 A write B writer C writing D written
18 A share B rare C are D declare
19 A apply B university C identity D early
20 A choice B achieve C each D chemistry
Trang 3
PART 2: MẪU CÂU GIAO TIẾP
Câu 1: Peter: "How often do you go to school?"
Harry: " ."
A I don’t think so B I go there by bus
C I go there early D Every day except Sunday
Câu 2: Helen: "Where do you come from?"
Ann: " ."
A Yes, I have just come here B In London
C I come from London D I’m living in London
Câu 3: Tom: “How did you get here?”
John: “ ”
A I came here last night B The train is so crowded
C Is it far from here? D I came here by train
Câu 4: Linda: "Excuse me! Where’s the post office?"
A Yes, thanks B It’s my pleasure C I’m sorry D Yes, I do
Câu 7 : Maria: "Thanks for the lovely evening."
Diana: " ."
A No, it's not good B I'm glad you enjoyed it
C Yes, it's really great D Oh, that's right
Câu 8 : Kim: "What this weekend?"
Sally: "Oh, we're going windsurfing It's fantastic!"
A do you go B are you going C would you do D are you doingCâu 9 : Kevin: "How far is it from here to the nearest post office?"
Lan: " ."
A Turn left and then turn right B Yes, it's quite near here
C Two kilometers at least D No, it's rather far
Câu 10 : Pat: "Would you like something to eat?"
Kathy: " I'm not hungry now."
A No, thanks B No, no problem C Yes, I would D Yes, it is
Câu 11 : David: "Could you bring me some water?"
Waiter: " ."
A Certainly, sir B Yes, I can C I don't want to D No, I can'tCâu 12 : Ellen: " ?"
Tom: "He's tall and thin with blue eyes."
C What does John look like D Who does John look like
Câu 13 Ann: “Let’s go to the movie now.” – Peter: “Oh! ”
Câu 14 John: " Don't forget to send your parents my regards."
Tim: _ "
A Good idea, thanks B You're welcome C Thanks, I will D It's my pleasureCâu 16 Nam:" What can I do for you?"
Trang 4Lan: : " _"
A Thanks I'll do it B No You can't
C Yes Do it please D Thanks I'm just looking
Câu 17: John: “Will you be able to come to the meeting?”
Jack: “ .”
Câu 18: Tom: “You’ve got a lovely singing voice, Mary!”
A Yes, I'd love to B I couldn’t agree more
C No, I've no choice D I'd prefer beer, please
Câu 21: John: “I’ve passed my final exam.”- Tom: “ ”
Câu 22: David: “Happy Christmas!”- Jason: “ ”
Câu 23 Mary: “I’ve got an interview for a job tomorrow.” – Peter: “ .”
A Thank you B Same to me C Good luck D See you
Câu 24 A: “Are you coming on Saturday?” – B: “ .”
Câu 25 Ann: “Do you think you’ll get the job?” – Mary: “ .”
Câu 26:“I’d like the blue jacket, Can I try it on?” – “Yes, _”
Câu 27: Peter: “Is Jane married with a Korean man?” – Jack: “ ”
Câu 28: Tom: “You look great today, Jack!” – Jack: “ _”
Câu 29: Ann: “Do you fancy a coffee?” – Tom: “ ”
Câu 30: Ann: “Do you like Pop music?” – Tom: “ ”
A I would B No, I like it C Yes, a lot D Yes, we are
Câu 31: Ann: “How do you do? I’m Peter” – Tom: “ ”
Câu 32: Jack: “ Thank you very much for a lovely party” – Hoa: “ ”
A You are welcome B Cheers C Have a good day D Thanks
Trang 5PART 3: FORMS OF VERBS
I Gerund : Danh động từ
A FORM: (cách cấu tạo) V + ING = N
Eg: doing, living, working…
B USAGE: (cách sử dụng)
1 Gerund is used after prepositions: sử dụng sau giới từ
*to be/ get used to + V_ing
Ex2: She is interested in watching Korea film.
*to be/ get tired of
bored with fed up with
* to be/ get afraid of + V_ing
terified of appalled by
* to be good at
Ex3: He is good at learning maths, physics, chemistry.
2 Đứng sau thành ngữ : it is no use, it is no good :
there is no use, there is no good: vô íchcan’t stand bear help : không thể chịu được
3 Sau hai tính từ : busy, worth + V_ing
4 Gerund as a verb : Đứng sau một số động từ này
Ex: She enjoyed eating banana
23 recall : gợi lại, nhớ lại
24 regret : tiếc nuối ( quá khứ)
25 tolerate : bỏ qua
26 understand : hiểu
27 remember : nhớ ( qúa khứ )
28 resent : tức giận, phật ý
29 resist : cưỡng lại, phản kháng
30 restrict : hạn chế, giảm bớt, ngăn ngừa
* can’t bear, can’t stand, can’t help
* it is no use, it is no good, there is no use
* look forward to
* busy, worth
S + V + V_ing
Trang 6II TO INFINITIVE ( To V (động từ nguyên mẫu có To
1 Bare infinitive ( Động từ nguyên mẫu không có To.
a Đứng sau động từ khiếm khuyết
Ex1: They shall go camping
B Đứng sau động từ chỉ giác quan.
Ex: They see him pick up the gun.
8 care : quan tâm
9 claim : cho là, tuyên bố
11 decide : quyết định
12 demand : yêu cầu
14 expect : trông đợi
36 tend : có khuynh hướng
37 volunteer : tình nguyện, xung phong
38 wait : đợi
39 want : muốn ( chủ động )
40 wish : ao ước
B S + V + O + To.
Ex: He begged her to kill him.
can/ couldmustmay/ mightought to
S + shall/ should, will/ would + V0
need/ needn’tdare / daren’twould sooner = would ratherhad better= ‘d better
S + see/ hear/ feel/ watch/ notice + O + V0
let/ make/ have
Trang 72 allow: cho phép
3 ask : hỏi, đòi hỏi
4 beg : năn nỉ, xin
38 desire : ao ước, thèm thuồng
39 direct : hướng dẫn, chỉ huy
40 implore : yêu cầu
41 provoke : xúi giục
C Một số động từ có 2 trường hợp:
Stop + to V : dừng lại để…
V-ing: từ bỏ(thói quen
Remember + V-ing: nhớ đã làm gì (qúa khứ)
To V: nhớ sẽ làm gì (tương lai)
Forget + V-ing: đã quên làm gì (qúa khứ)
To V : Sẽ(không quên làm gì (tương lai)
Regret + V-ing: hối hận vì đã…
To V: thông báo một tin xấu
Ex4: She is not young enough to take part in the beauty contest.
4 The infinitive can express purpose: (Diễn tả mục đích)
Ex1: She is going to Paris to improve her French.
Ex2: In order to pass the exams we are studying very hard Ex3: We studying hard in order to pass the exam
It + is + adj + (for O) + To V
It + takes /took /cost + adj + (for O) + To V
S + is / was + TOO + adj + To V
S + is / was + adj + enough + To V
Trang 8Ex4: We are studying hard so as not to fail the exams.
A Supply the correct form of the verbs :
1 I wanted her (learn) _ English.
2 Will you help me (move) _ this desk ?
3 Please let me (know) _ your opinion.
4 Would you like (paint) _ your bike or should I have a painter (do) it for you ?
5 He warned me (not come) _ late.
6 Did you see Tom (try) (reach) the top of the dresser ?
7 We had to ask the students (stop) _ (make so much noise.
8 I couldn’t stand (be) _ alone in the dark room.
9 You must remember (lock) _ the door before leaving the house.
10 The children are busy (collect) _ shells on the beach
11 We regret (say) that the lecture was dull and wasn’t worth (listen) _ to.
12 He enjoys (listen) _ to his own voice.
13 Can you manage(finish.) _ (write) these reports by yourself ?
14 We considered (give) her a dress for her birthday, but couldn’t help (buy.
_ her some flowers, too
15 Would you mind (keep) quiet for a moment ? I’m trying (fill) in a form.
- It’s no use (ask) _ children (keep) _ quiet They can’t help (make) _ noise
16 Could I (see) _ Mr Brown, please ?
17 I am looking forward to (see) you.
18 He urged us (work) faster.
19 It's no use (wait)
20 He is tired of ( walk ) to school.
B Mark A, B, C,or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.
1 We don't mind _ poor people
A helping B to helping C to help D help
2 Mrs Taylor is usually busy her housework
3 John decided another job
4 She told me _ the back door
5 We're looking forward _ from our aunt
6 He wanted a book
7 Her parents can't stand her at home all day
8 Don't forget me an email when you arrive home
9 Would you like _ some chocolate?
10 My grandfather promised _ me a toy car
to
S + V + in order to + V 0
so as to
Trang 9A gave B give C to give D giving
11 The film was very sad It made us _
12 They invited me _ their wedding party
13 My neighbour saw Tom to a stranger
14 As a child I enjoyed comics
15 Let us a camping fire
16 I can hear someone at the door
A knocks B knock C is knocking D to knock
17 I think your father should let you to school alone
18 Does Dr Johnson mind at home if his patients need his help?
A to call B calling C to be called D being called
19 They let their children _ up late at weekends
A staying B stay C to stay D stayed
20 Peter is very funny He makes me _a lot
A laugh B to laugh C laughing D laughed
21 They noticed him _ the agreement
22 The boss made _for a meeting after work
A us to stay B us stay C us staying D us to staying
23 The man wanted to avoid on security cameras
A to see B seeing C to be seen D being seen
24 Peter _ to go in for the exam
25 Will you remind me this letter at the post office?
A to post B posting C to be posted D being posted
26 I have told him never to buy some potatoes on the way home
A come B comes C came D to come
27 His mothes hates… to pop music
A listen B listening C to listening D having listened
28 The chikdren enjoy … football after school
A played B playing C to play D play
29 John doesn’t want … far from his house
A works B work C to works D working
30 I persuaded my friend … me his caravan for my trip to the country side
A with lending B with to lend C to lend D lending
31 I enjoy to cook for there five hungry children
A B C D
32 His parents never allowed him …
A a smoking B smoking C to smoke D some smoke
33 Do you consider……… friens on Sunday?
A inviting B to invide C invited D inviter
34 After finishing the presentation, I suggested… to the , cinema
A us to go B that we to go C going D we going
35 Comedies always make me ……
A laughing B to laugh C laugh D laughed
Trang 1036 He avoids … me on the street
A to meet B met C meeting D to be met
37 Would you mind give me a hand ? I have a lot of things
A B C D
38 I remember … you about this before
A tell B to tell C telling D told
39 He let the letter … onto the floor
A fall B falls C falling D fell
40 The police want us … anything
A that we report B reporting C to report D we report
41 Please ask them … in this area
A don’t smoke B not smoking C not to smoke D to not smoke
42 Let your name … in the sheet pares
A tobe written B being written C write D being written
43 His parents allows him …
A to smoke B smoked C smoking D to smoking
44 As we walked past , we saw her … his car
A in washing B to wash C wash D washing
45 The skiers would rather through the mountains than go by bus
A to travel on train b traveled by train c travel by train d traveling by the train
1 Chủ ngữ là một danh động từ( V_ing., hay động từ nguyên mẫu( To V) => Vsố ít
Ex 1: Walking in the rain is not a good idea
Ex2: To learn a foreign language is necessary.
Ex3: To love and to be loved is the greatest happiness in life.
2 Hai hay nhiều chủ ngữ số ít đựơc nối bởi liên từ AND thì đòi hỏi một động từ số nhiều
Ex 1: - The boy and the girl love their parents dearly.
Ex 2: - Tom and Mary were late yesterday.
3 Những câu bắt đầu øbằng chữ EACH, EVERY, MANY A, NO + Vsố ít
Ex1: - Each boy and girl has a textbook.
Ex2: - No teacher and student is present.
Each/ every/ neither of/ either of… + Vsố ít
4 Khi hai chủ từ được nối bởi OR, EITHER OR, NEITHER NO thì động từ chia ở S2:
S1 + and + S2 + Vsố nhiều
Trang 11Ex1: - He or you are the best student in this class.
Ex2: - Neither Jack nor I am willing to do that.
Ex3: - Either John or his friends are going to the beach today.
(không … mà cũng không.
5 Khi hai chủ từ được nối bởi AS WELL AS, NO LESS THAN, WITH thì động từ chia ở S1:
- John, as well as you, is responsible for this act.
- Tom, with his friends, is in the car.
6 Khi chủ từ là số nhiều nhưng động từ chia ở số ít:
Ex1: - No news is good news
Ex2: - Physics is more difficult than chemistry
7 Khi chủ từ nói về ( số lượng, giá cả, tiền bạc, khoảng cách, đo lường + V+số ít:
Ex1: - Ten thousand dollars is a big sum of money
Ex2: - Five hundred miles is a long distance
Ex3: - Fifty minutes isn’t enough time to finish this test
8 Khi chủ từ bắt đầu là: everyone, something, nobody … + V số ít :
Ex1: - Nobody has opened the door
9 Cách sử dụng (a number of, the number of.:
Ex1: A number of students are going to the class picnic Ex2: The number of days in a week is seven
10 Động từ có chủ từ là đại từ quan hệ thì động từ chia ở chủ từ trước đại từ quan hệ: Ex1: - He works for the factory which makes cars.
Ex2: - The man who is living near my house teaches us English.
Neither nor Either + S1 + or + S2 + V
or
as well as together with S1 + a long with + S2 + V
Trang 12NOTE: Một số danh từ không có thêm “s”vào cuối từ:
*traffics luggages = sai
Circle the best answers:
1 My mother together with my aunts going shopping at the moment
A is B are C was D were
2 Tom as well as his friends the new teacher very much
A love B loves C will love D to love
3 My parents as well as my teacher very interested in me
4 My uncles together with my father going to visit our grandparents next Sunday
A is B are C will D were
5 Both Tom and Linda my friends
A are B is C be D likes
6 _my father and my brother are football fans
A So B Either C Both D Neither
7 Either I or my mother to prepare our meals
A has B have C am D having
8 Either he or I wrong
A are B is C am D were
9 He is neither a teacher a doctor
A and B nor C or D not
10 Neither I nor Linda the answer
A know B knows C knew D have known
11 Neither Linda nor I classical music
A liking B liked C like D likes
12.Every Elementary School teacher to take a training course
13.Neither Jill nor her parents seen this film before
14.Either Jack or I enthusiastic to do that
15.Neither Mildred nor her friends to help on the clean-up
16.John, along with twenty friends planning a party
17.Neither Bill nor Mary going to the play tonight
18.Each student answered the first three questions
19.Either John or his wife breakfast each morning
20.To love and to be loved the greatest happiness on earth
The traffic The luggage + Vsố ít
The furniture The government + Vsố nhiều
The majority
Trang 1321.The old in my country cared by their children.
26.A number of the consumers to buy this kind of silk
27.The number of the students in our class forty-four
28.Not only he but also his friends this film
30.Either he or his parents seeing horror films
31.Both the boss and his secretary flying to Paris
32.Their news to us once a year
33.Neither you nor I responsible for the bad result
34.Neither Henry nor his friends yet
35.Either he or his friends mistaken
38.Each house in ruins now
39.The number of desks in that classroom thirty-five
40.A number of students _ participated in intensive language programs abroad
41 No news - good news
A is B are C were D have been
42 The United States - of about 160 nations
A consists B consist C consisting D have consisted
43 Both Tom - Mary are students
A and B nor C or D with
44 Ten thousand dollars - a large sum of money
A are B is C were D being
45 - Julia - her sister are going to the party
A Both and B Neither nor C Either or D Not only but also
Trang 14PART 5: TAG QUESTIONS
( Câu hỏi đuôi, lối nói phụ họa)
I Tag questions: ( câu hỏi đuôi)
1 Câu hỏi đuôi gồm có: chủ từ (phải là đại từ nhân xưng) và trợ động từ hay động từ đặc
biệc
2 Nếu câu phát biểu ở thể xác định thì câu hỏi đuôi ở thể phủ định và ngược lại.
3 Nếu câu hỏi đuôi ở thể phủ định thì phải dùng hình thức tĩnh lược (contractive form).
Ví dụ:
He is a good boy,
The girl didn't come here yesterday,
They will go away,
She hasn't left,
a Phần đuôi của “ I am” là “ aren’t I “
Eg: I’m going to do it again, aren’t I?
b Imperatives and Requests ( Câu mệnh lệnh và câu yêu cầu):
+ Có phần đuôi là “won’t you?” khi câu phát biểu diễn tả lời mời:
Eg: Take your seat, won’t you? (Mời ông ngồi)
+ Có phần đuôi là “will you?” khi câu phát biểu diễn tả lời yêu cầu hoặc mệnh lệnh phủ định
Eg: - Open the door, will you? ( Xin vui lòng mở cửa)
- Don’t be late, will you ? (Đừng đi trễ nha)
c Phần đuôi của câu bắt đầu bằng “ Let’s ” : là “shall we ?”
Eg: Let’s go swimming, shall we?
Nhưng phần đuôi của “Let us Let me” là “will you”
d Nothing, anything, something, everything được thay là thế bằng “ It” ở câu hỏi đuôi:
Eg : Everything will be all right, won’t it?
No one, Nobody, anyone, anybody, someone, somebody, everybody, everyone được thay thế bằng “They” trong câu hỏi đuôi.
Eg: Someone remembered to leave the messages, didn’t they?
NOTE : Nothing, Nobody, No one được dùng trong mệnh đề chính, động từ ở câu hỏi đuôi sẽ phải ở dạng thức xác định (Vì Nothing, Nobody, No one có nghĩa phủ định)
Eg: Nothing gives you more pleasure than listening to music, does it ?
e This That được thay thế là “It”.
Eg: This won’t take long, will it?
f These Those được thay thế là “They”.
Eg: Those are nice, aren’t they?
g Khi trong câu nói có từ phủ định như: seldom, rarely, hardly, no, without, never, few,little… phần đuôi phải ở dạng khẳng định
Eg: He seldom goes to the movies, does he?
h Nếu câu phát biểu có dạng : You ‘d better → câu hỏi đuôi sẽ là : hadn’t you ?
You’d rather → câu hỏi đuôi sẽ là : wouldn’t you ?
You used to → câu hỏi đuôi sẽ là : didn’t you ?
II Additions to remarks: ( Lối nói phụ họa)
1 Phụ hoạ câu khẳng định
Khi muốn nói một người hoặc vật nào đó làm một việc gì đó và một người, vật khác cũng
làm một việc như vậy, người ta dùng so hoặc too Để tránh phải lặp lại các từ của câu trước
(mệnh đề chính), người ta dùng liên từ and và thêm một câu đơn giản (mệnh đề phụ) có sử
Trang 15dụng so hoặc too Ý nghĩa của hai từ này có nghĩa là “cũng thế”
Ex1: We are going to the movie tonight, and he is too.
Ex2: We are going to the movie tonight, and so is he
Ex1: John went to the mountains on his vacation, and we did too.
Ex2: John went to the mountains on his vacation, and so did we
Ex1: I will be in VN in May, and they will too.
Ex2: I will be in VN in May, and so will they
Ex1: He has seen her play, and the girls have too.
Ex2: He has seen her play, and so have the girls
2 Phụ hoạ câu phủ định
Cũng giống như too và so trong câu khẳng định, để phụ hoạ một câu phủ định, người ta
dùng either hoặc neither Hai từ này có nghĩa “cũng không” Ba quy tắc đối với trợ động từ,
động từ be hoặc do, does, did cũng được áp dụng giống như trên Ta cũng có thể gói gọn 3 quy tắc đó vào một công thức như sau:
Ex1: I didn't see Mary this morning, and John didn't either
Ex2: I didn't see Mary this morning, and neither did John.
Ex1: She won’t be going to the conference, and her friends won’t either.
Ex2: She won’t be going to the conference, and neither will her friends.
Ex1: John hasn’t seen the new movie yet, and I haven’t either.
Ex2: John hasn’t seen the new movie yet, and neither have I.
EXERCISE :
A Add tag questions to the following.
1 They want to come,……….?
2 Elizabeth is a dentist, ……… ?
3 They won’t be here, ………?
4 That is your umbrella, ……….?
5 There aren’t many people here yet, ……… ?
6 He has a bicycle,………?
7 Peter would like to come with us to the party, ……… ?
8 Those aren’t Fred’s books, ………?
9 You have never been to Paris,…………?
Trang 1610 Something is wrong with Jane today, ………… ?
11 Everyone can learn how to swim, ……… ?
12 Nobody cheated in the exam, ……… ?
13 Nothing went wrong while I was gone, ………… ?
14 I am invited, ……….?
15 This bridge is not very safe,……… ?
16 These sausages are delicious, ……….?
17 You haven’t lived here long, …………?
18 The weather forecast wasn’t very good, ……… ?
19 He’d better come to see me, ?
20 You need to stay longer, ?
B Circle the best answer.
1 You have seen this film, ?
A haven’t you B have you C.do you D don’t you
2 You often have bread and milk for breakfast, ?
A haven’t you B.have you C.do you D don’t you
3 You won’t leave me, _? A will you B.won’t you C.am I D do you
4 There are many flowers in the garden, _?
A.aren’t they B.isn’t it C.aren’t there D.is it
5.There is nothing in the fridge, _?
A is there B.isn’t there C is it D.isn’t it
6 He never drinks wine, _?
A doesn’t he B does he C hasn’t he D.won’t he
7 He can speak three languages, _?
A can he B.can’t he C.isn’t he D is he
8 Nobody knows her name, _?
A.do they B.don’t they C.isn’t it D.is it
9 You used to go to school on foot, _?
A.weren’t you B.were you C.did you D didn’t you
- action, invention, liberation, conclusion
- writing, making, liking, cooking, learning
- movement, development, investment, punishment, e- Noun Adjective + ISM - capitalism, patriotism, terrorism, heroism, communism
NESS
f- Adjective + TY
ITY
- happiness, laziness, illness, sickness
- cruelty, loyalty, difficulty
- possibility, ability, capability, ability, curiosity
h- Adjective Noun - long → length - high → height - hot → heat
- brave → bravery - proud → pride - young → youth
- deep → depth - terrible → terror - famous → fame
Trang 17i- Verb Noun - choose → choice - live → life - feed → food
- prove → proof - see → sight - sit → seat
- die → death - lose → loss - fail → failure
- sing → song - sell → sale The functions of a noun
1- Subject: - This girl is intelligent.
- handful - useful - peaceful - basketful- successful - helpfulnoun –LESS
( không) - childless- harmless
noun - ISH - foolish - childish - selfish
noun -AL - central
Trang 181- Definition: Adverbs express how, when, or where an action is done
1.1- Adverbs of manner: express how an action is done
actively calmly fast late carefully
Ex: The birds sang sweetly
2- The positions of adverbs
2.1- Ex: - She is very beautiful
There is a change of the final vowel when necessary
Ex: lucky → luckily
happy → happily
slow → slowly
Some adverbs have the same form as adjectives
Ex: - I went to New York by a fast train
1 He has been very interested in doing research on _ since he was at high school
a biology b biological c biologist d biologically
2 Are you sure that boys are more _ than girls?
3 You are old enough to take _ for what you have done
a responsible b responsibility c responsibly d irresponsible
4 These quick and easy _ can be effective in the short term, but they have a cost
5 He was looking at his parents _, waiting for recommendations
6 The interviews with parents showed that the vast majority were _ of teachers
a support b supportive c supporter d supporting
7 It is _ of you to leave the medicine where the children could get it
8 For reasons, passengers are requested not to leave any luggage unattended
Trang 19a secure b securely c security d securing
9 The leader of the explorers had the great _ in his native guide
a confident b confidence c confidential d confidentially
10 We are impressed by his _ to help us with the hard mission
UNIT 2: CULTURAL DIVERSITY Exercise 1: Choose the most suitable word or phrase
1 John cannot make a to get married to Mary or stay single until he can afford ahouse and a car
2 My mother used to be a woman of great _, but now she gets old and looks pale
3 Although they are twins, they have almost the same appearance but they are seldom in _
4 The more _ and positive you look, the better you will feel
a confide b confident c confidently d confidence
5 My parents will have celebrated 30 years of _ by next week
6 Many Vietnamese people their lives for the revolutionary cause of the nation
a sacrifice b sacrificed c sacrificial d sacrificially
7 They had a candlelit dinner last night and she accepted his proposal of marriage
a romance b romantic c romantically d romanticize
8 Are there any _, between Vietnamese and American culture?
a differences b different c differently d differential
11 Some people are concerned with physical _when choosing a wife or husband
a attractive b attraction c attractiveness d attractively
12 What could be more _ than a wedding on a tropical island?
a romance b romantic c romanticizing d romanticism
13 In my hometown, many people still believe in _ marriage
a contract b contractual c contracts d contracting14. _ women are responsible for the chores in the house and taking care of thechildren
a With tradition b On tradition c Traditional d Traditionally
15 Though their performance was not perfect yet, the students held the audience's until the end
a attentive b attention c attentively d attentiveness
16 The survey will cover various ways of _ the different attitudes toward love andmarriage of today's youth
a determination b determine c determined d determining
17 Both Asian and Western students seem _ about how to answer the questionnaire ofthe survey
a confusedly b confused c confusing d confusion
19 She was unaware of the embarrassing situation due to her different cultural background
a complete b completed c completing d completely
20 What is more important to you, intelligence or _?
a attraction b attractiveness c attractive d attracted
UNIT 3: WAYS OF SOCIALISING
1 The family has a very important role in _ children
A social B socialist C socializing D socialism
Trang 203 In U.S schools, teachers don't mind their students' _ them during the lectures.
A interrupt B interrupted C interrupting D to interrupt
4 His achievements were partly due to the of his wife
5 By working day and night, they succeeded their work in time
A finished B to finish C finishing D in finishing
6 They started, as _ gatherings but they have become increasingly formalized in the last fewyears
A informal B informally C informalize D informality
7 Children who are isolated and lonely seem to have poor language and
A communicate B communication C communicative D communicator
8 The lecturer explained the problem very clearly and is always in response to questions
A attention B attentive C attentively D attentiveness
9 I make no for encouraging my children to succeed in school
A apologize B apologetic C apologies D apoplectic
10 It was very more of a chat than an interview
Unit 4: SCHOOL EDUCATION SYSTEM
Exercise : Choose the most suitable word or phrase
1 As an _, Mr Pike is very worried about the increasing of juvenile delinquency
2 In England, primary education is provided by state schools run by the government and by _ fee-paying schools
a independent b independently c depended d independence
3 He did not do well at school and left with few _ qualifications
a academic b academy c academician d academically
4 The Minister of the Education and Training Department appeared on TV last night to - his new policy
5 He owed his success not to privilege but to self-education and a driving desire for _
a achieve b achiever c achievement d achievable
6 To Vietnamese students, the _ examination to university is very difficult
a require b requirement c requiring d required
7 Despite many recent _ advances, there are parts where schools are not equipped with computers
a technology b technological c technologically d technologist
8 There is a wide range of _ in the education system of the USA
10 Military is _ in this country Every man who reaches the age of 18 has to serve
in the army for two years
UNIT 5: HIGHER EDUCATION Exercise : Choose the best option
1 He was the only _ that was offered the job
2 Parents can express a _ for the school their child attends
a prefer b preference c preferential d preferable
3 Many people have objected to the use of animals in _ experiments
a science b scientist c scientific d scientifically
4 I would like to invite you to participate in the ceremony _
Trang 21a graduate b graduated c graduation d graduating
5 Mr Pike provided us with an _ guide to the full-time and part-time programs on offer to a range of candidates drawn from schools and colleges
6 Not many places at the universities are left, so choice is on a severe _
a limiting b limitation c delimitation d limited
7 You should ask him about your choice because he often made the right ………
A decides B decision C decisive D deciding
8 Can you tell me about the………process to tertiary study in Vietnam?
UNIT 6: FUTURE JOBS Exercise : Choose the best option
1 I am so _ that I cannot say anything, but keep silent
2 A letter of _ is sometimes really necessary for you in a job interview
a recommend b recommended c recommender d recommendation
3 Doctors have to assume _ for human life
a responsible b responsibly c responsibility d responsibles
4 He was offered the job thanks to his _ performance during his job interview
a impress b impression c impressive d impressively
5 The interviewer gave his consent to John's for work and promised to give him a job
6 _! I have heard of your success in the new project
a Congratulate b Congratulating c Congratulation d Congratulations
7 It is _ to fail a job interview, but try again
a disappoint b disappointing c disappointedly d disappointment
10 I don't like _jobs In fact, I never want to work under high pressure
UNIT 7: ECONOMIC REFORMS
Exercise: Choose the best answer to fill in the blank.
1 The new policies include cutting _ subsidies and trade barriers
a agriculture b agricultural c agriculturalist d agriculturally
2 The control of _ has been carried out through measures rooted in monetarism
a inflate b inflationist c inflation d inflator
3 It is often a good idea to start with small, easily _ goals
a achieve b achievement c achievable d achiever
4 For more than ten years, we have seen the significant _ in the economy of our country
a develop b developments c developers d developed
5 Henry was a studious student He needed no _ to work hard
a encourage b encouraging c encouragement d encouraged
6 During the time of economic reforms, the economy has grown _ with only a few majorsetbacks
a constant b constantly c constants d constancy
7 It is often a good idea to start with small, easily _ goals
a achieve b achievement c achievable d achiever
8 The _ challenge of economic, reform was to solve the problems of motivatingworkers and farmers to produce a larger surplus
a initial b initiate c initiative d initiation
9 Those specialists are trying to find ways of making more use of agricultural land
a produce b production c productive d productivity
Trang 22UNIT 10: ENDANDERED SPECIES
Exercise : Choose the best answer
1 _ is a branch of Natural Science, and is the study of living organisms and how they interact with their environment
a Biology b Biological c Biologist d Biologically
2 A an species is a population of an organism which is at risk of becoming extinct
a dangerous b endanger c endangered d endangerment3.Only a few of the many species at risk of extinction actually make it to the lists and obtain legal _
a protect b protection c protective d protector
3 Almost half of turtles and tortoises are known to be threatened with _
a extinct b extinction c extinctive d extinctly
4 Current extinction rates are at least 100 to 1,000 times higher than _ rates found in the fossil record
5 It is reported that humans are the main reason for most species' declines and habitat
_ and degradation are the leading threats
a destroy b destructive c destructor d destruction
6 They eventually realize that reckless _ of the earth's resources can lead only to eventual global disaster
a exploit b exploitable c exploitation d exploitative
7 Farmers make their soil more productive by distributing _
a fertile b fertility c fertilizers d fertilizable
8 Chemical wastes from factories are _ that cause serious damage to species habitats
a pollutes b pollutants c pollutions d polluters
9 Development of the area would _wildlife
10 England was one of the first countries to
a industry b industrial c industrialize d industrialization
11 Their is rejected due to some problems of pollution
12 We all regard pollution as a matter to human beings
13 The people in our village are leading a life
14 We have to suffer a lot of floods due to our serious of forests
a destroy b destructive c destruction d destructor
UNIT 11: BOOKS Exercise : Choose the best answer.
1 This book is not really It is a waste of money buying it
a inform b information c informative d informatively
2 Sometimes it is to find suitable books for our children
a difficult b difficulty c difficultly d difficulties
3 Read the book and you can find the information you need
4 Not many people find reading more than watching TV
a interest b interested c interesting d interestingly
5 To become a novelist, you need to be
a imagine b imagination c imaginative d imaginarily
Trang 236 Mary enjoys reading _, adventure, and whatever else she can either buy or borrow.
a romance b romantic c romanticize d romanticism
7 The novel has had a tremendous impact on and publishing markets
a entertain b entertainer c entertainment d entertainingly
8 The children have very different
9 He talked of the past and his youth
10 Star Wars was created by a highly _ writer.
a imaginable b imaginative c imaginary d imagination
15 The film The First to Fly is an biography of the two famous Wright brothers
a entertainer b entertaining c entertained d entertainment
UNIT 13: THE 22 th SEA GAMES Exercise : Choose the best answer to complete the following sentence.
1 Johnny used to be one of the most _ athletes in my country
a succeed b success c successful d successfully
2 The 22nd SEA Games consisted of athletes from eleven _ countries
a participate b participant c participation d participating
3 _, the athlete broke the world's record with two attempts
a Surprise b Surprised c Surprising d Surprisingly
4 Before the 22nd SEA Games, Vietnam had made a good _ in every aspect
a prepare b preparation c preparative d preparer
5 The second part of the program in the 22nd SEA Games opening ceremony was named
" _ for Peace"
a Cooperate b Cooperation c Cooperative d Cooperatively
6 The success of the 22nd SEA Games had a great contribution of many _ volunteers
a support b supporter c supportive d supportively
UNIT 14: INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS Exercise: Choose the best answer
1 The International Red Cross helps people in need without any discrimination based on
_, race, religion, class or political opinions
a national b nationally c nationality d native
2 The International Committee of the Red Cross is a private _ institution founded in
1863 in Geneva, Switzerland
3 In former days, after the battles soldiers on both sides died or were left wounded on the
field without any _ attendance and basic care
a medicine b medical c medication d medically
4 All payments to the ICRC are _ and are received as donations.
a volunteer b voluntary c voluntarily d voluntariness
5 The Red Cross organizes and leads relief assistance missions after , such as natural
disasters, man-made disasters, and epidemics
a emergent b emergencies c emergently d emergence
6 One of the tasks of the Red Cross is also to support local _ care projects.
8 According to World Bank figures, 41 per cent of Brazilians live in absolute _
9 Up until the middle of the 19th century, there were no _ and well established army nursing systems for casualties
Trang 24a organize b organized c organizational d organizers
UNIT 15: WOMEN IN SOCIETY Exercise : Choose the best answer to complete the following sentence.
1 A child receives his early from their parents
2 Thanks to the women's liberation women can take part in activities
3 To preserve that , it was necessary to preserve the people that had created it
4 The Prime Minister is to consider changes to sexually laws to enforce equalopportunities
a discriminate b discrimination c discriminatory d discriminated
5 In former days, women were considered not to be suitable for becoming a
a politics b political c politically d politician
6 Western women are more than Asian women
a depend b dependent c independent d independently
7 In some communities a husband's over his wife is absolute
8 I think that up to now there has not been a real between men and women
9 It is illegal to _on grounds of race, sex or religion
a differ b differentiate c discriminate d certify
PART: 7 VERB TENSES
( Thì trong tiếng Anh)
I The present simple tense ( Thì hiện tại đơn )
1 To be: ( is, am, are)
Ex1: He often goes to class late
Ex2: I watch T.V every night.
- Phủ định :
Ex1: He doesn’t often go to class late
Ex2: I don’t watch T.V every night
Công thức:
TND: always, often, usually,
sometimes, now and then, seldom, rarely, never, today, present day, every .
Note:
- Diễn tả một hiện tượng tự nhiên, một chân lí, một sự thật hiển nhiên
Ex1: The Earth goes round the sun The sun rises in the east.
Ex2: Water boils at 1000 C
is
S + to be am + O are (not)
S + V1/ Vs/es + O
S + don’t / doesn’t + V1 + O
Trang 25Ex3: Two and two are four.
Ex5: Nothing is more precious than independence and freedom
II The Present Continuous (Thì hiện tại tiếp diễn)
- Diễn tả một hành động đang tiếp diễn ở thời
điểm nói ( ở hiện tại)
Ex1: We are studying English now
- Diễn tả trong câu mệnh lệnh
Ex2: Be quiet! The baby is sleeping.
Công thức:
- now , right now = at once , at ( the , this , present ) time, at the moment, at present.
- Look ! , Listen ! , Be careful!
III The Present Perfect (Thì hiện tại hoàn thành)
Ex1: You have studied English for five years.
Ex2: John has lived in that house since 1984.
- Th× HTHT dïng víi This is the first second
time, it’s the first time
Ex1: This is the first time I’ve lost my way
Công thức:
- just, recently, lately ever never
- already, not…yet, for , since , before.
- so far =until now =up to now =up to the present
- It is the first , second , third time
- twice , three times= many times
- This morning, This week, This term
Note:
- Thì HTHT được sử dụng trong cấu trúc:
Ex: She has worked this company SINCE she graduated from university.
HTHT QKĐ
IV The Simple Past (Thì quá khứ đơn )
1 To be: ( was, were )
Ex1: He was a good student last year.
S + have / has + V 3/ ed + O (not)
was
S + to be + O were (not)
S + V2/ ed + O
Trang 26 TND:
- yesterday , ago , last ( week ,night ),
in + year ( in 1992),
- It + to be + time + S + QKD Note:
- Thỡ QKĐ sử dụng theo sau WHEN:
Ex1: When he came to her house, she was having a bath.
V The Past Continuous (Thỡ quỏ khứ tiếp diễn )
- Hành động đang xảy ra tại một thời điểm
Ex1: We were watching television when he came
- Diễn tả 2 hành động đang xảy ra cựng lỳc ở quỏ khứ
Ex2: Yesterday , while I was reading a book , my sister was watching T.V
VI The Past perfect (Thỡ quỏ khứ hoàn thành ).
- Diễn tả một hành động xảy ra trước 1 hành
động khỏc trong quỏ khứ hoặc trước 1 thời
điểm ở quỏ khứ
Ex1: They had live here before 1985.
Ex2: After the children had finished their
homework, they went to bed
S + didn’t + V1 + O
was
S + to be + V_ing + O were (not)
S + had + V 3/ ed + O
(not)
Trang 27- Diễn tả một hành động sẽ xảy ra trong tương
Ex1 : She phones her parents when she will come here next week => SAI
Ex 2: She will phone her parents when she comes here next week => ĐÚNG
A Circle the best answer:
1 There was a power cut while she the dinner
a has cooked b cooked c was cooking d is cooking
2 Mr Brown a driver for three years, from 1996 to 1999
3 Doris _ Paris three times so far
a has visited b is visiting c visits d visited
4 If I pass the entrance exam, my parents _ very happy
5 Mary was doing her homework when the telephone suddenly
a was ringing b rings c has rung d rang
6 The little boy has lived in misery since his father
7 She _ nothing since the beginning of the meeting
a hasn't said b has said c has never said d said
8 When your first daughter born?
9 you met him recently?
10 What _ they doing in the garden?
11 How often the Olympic Games held?
12 you ever spoken to a famous person?
13 What doing at nine o'clock yesterday evening?
a did Peter b were Peter c was Peter d Peter was
14 I didn't hear the phone because I a shower when it rang
S + will/ shall + V 0 + O
(not)
is
S + to be am + going to + V 0 are (not)
Trang 28
a was having b had c have had d were having
15 I'm sorry Mrs Johnson hasn't _
a arrived already b arrived yet c arrived just d already arrived
16 I to Manchester twice this month
a have gone b have been c was going d went
17 I'm a vegetarian now, but I meat when I was small
a have eaten b was used to eat c was eating d used to eat
18 My cousin and his wife visit us next weekend
a are going b will to c going to d are going to
19.I in the cafe having a drink when the police arrived
A sat B was sat C was sitting D have sat
21 She came into the room while they television
A watched B have watched C are watching D were watching
22 I a headache since yesterday
23 When the telephone rang, she a letter
A wrote B is writing C was written D was writing
24 He up his mind yet.
A didn't make B hasn't made C wasn't make D wasn't making
25 When the car, you'll agree with me about it
A you saw B you've seen C you would see D you will see
26 It was a long time I lived here
27 My teacher arrived after I for him for ten minutes
A was waiting B have waited C had waited D waited
28 This is the first time I to play badminton
A have tried B am trying C was trying D would be trying
29 She here but she doesn't work here now
A has worked B had worked C used to work D used to working
30.I used to swim in this river when I _ young
A am B was C will be D have been
31 When you get up tomorrow morning, the sun _
A shine B is shining C will shine D will be shining
32 While Mary was cleaning the apartment, her husband TV
A watched B was watching C would watch D has watched
33 I've been in this city for a long time I _ here sixteen years ago
A have come B was coming C came D had come
34 While I TV last night, a mouse ran across the floor
A watch B watched C was watching D am watching
35 The phone constantly since Jack announced his candidacy for president this morning.
A has been ringing B rang C had rung D had been ringing
36 The earth on the sun for its heat and light
A is depend B depending C has depend D depends
37 "May I speak to Dr Shell, please?"
"I'm sorry, he _ a patient at the moment Can I help you?"
A is seeing B sees C has been seeing D was seeing
38 Nobody _ from Amanda since she _ to the Seychelles.
A heard - went B has heard - went C heard - has gone D has heard - has gone
39 When the telephone rang, she a letter
A wrote B is writing C was written D was writing
40 Jane and I school in 1978
Trang 29A finished B finish C have finished D finishes
41 Nobody to me since my birthday
42 Her children football when I came
A is playing B play C were playing D played
43 For the past two years I a lot of things
44 Don’t make noise My mother ………… with her friends
A is talking B was talking C talks D talked
45 The light………out while we were having tea
46 I was learning maths when ………
A my mother comes back B my mother came back
C my mother has come back D my mother is coming back
47 I haven’t seen her _ years
48 He _ playing football five years ago
a started b has started c.is starting d.had started
49 _ he had done his homework, he went to bed
50 He has worked in this factory _ 1988
51 The boys broke a window when they _ football
a played b had played c were playing d are playing
52 We understood it _ the teacher had explained it to us
53 He has played football since he _10 years old
54 I’ll wait until you
a.will return b.return c returning d.will have returned
B Chọn phần gạch dưới cần chỉnh sửa để câu trở thành chính xác
1 Next week when there will be a full moon, the ocean tides will be higher
A B C D
Trang 3011 Last night I have had dinner with two friends I have known both of them for a long time.
PART: 8 REPORTED SPEECH
( Câu trực tiếp, gián tiếp)
- Trong câu trực tiếp thông tin đi từ người thứ nhất đến thẳng người thứ hai (người thứ nhất nói trực tiếp với người thứ hai)
Ex1: He said "I bought a new motorbike for myself yesterday"
thì QKĐ đại từ trạng từ
- Trong câu gián tiếp thông tin đi từ người thứ nhất qua người thứ hai đến với người thứ
ba Khi đó câu có biến đổi về mặt ngữ pháp
=> He said he had bought a new motorbike for himself the day before.
thì QKHT
Để biến đổi một câu trực tiếp sang câu gián tiếp cần:
1 Đổi thì trong câu trực tiếp, tất cả các câu trực tiếp đổi qua câu gián tiếp đều lùi về một thì.
2 Đổi Chủ từ và đại từ trong câu trực tiếp.
3 Đổi trạng từ chỉ thời gian và nơi chốn trong câu trực tiếp.
Changes in tenses ( Đổi thì)
Trang 317 TLĐ
( will/ shall + V0 )
Can/ may
Must
ought to/ should
could/ would/ might
used to/ had better
- Tương lai trong quỏ khứ
Note: - Cỏc trường hợp khụng thay đổi về thỡ khi chuyển sang cõu giỏn tiếp.
1 Động từ ở mệnh đề chính ở các thì hiện tại và tơng lai đơn.
Ex1: The farmer says: " I hope it will rain "
=> The farmer says he hopes it will rain.
2 Câu điều kiện loại 2 và loại 3:
Ex2: He said," If I were you, I would marry her."
=> He said if he were me, he would marry her.
3 Lời nói trực tiếp diễn tả một chân lý.
Ex3: My teacher said, " The sun rises in the East"
My teacher said that the sun rises in the East.
Change of Pronoun ( Đổi đại từ)
- he, him, his,
- she, her, it(s),
- they, them, their
Note: Nhất => chủ, Nhị => tỳc, tam => nguyờn
Change of adverbs ( Đổi trạng từ)
1 today/ tonight
2 yesterday
3 tonight
4 tomorrow
1 that day/ that night
2 the day before/ the previous day
3 that night
4 the following day/ the next day
Trang 326 the moth before / the previous month
7 the month after / the following month
A Kinds of reported speech:
1 Statements: ( câu phát biểu)
Ex1: They said to us, “These are snakes.”
=> They told us (that) those were snakes
Ex2: “I came at 8 o’clock,” he said
=> He said (that) he had come at 8 o’clock
Note: said to + O => told + O
2 Questions:
a Yes/ No_ questions:
Ex1: “ Did you see him?” she said to me
= > She asked me if / whether I had seen him.
Ex2: The stranger said, “ Where is Tra Vinh town school?”
=> The stranger asked where Tra Vinh town school was.
Ex3: The teacher sai, “ How old are you?”
=> The teacher asked me how old I was
asked + (O)
S + wanted to know
wondered + WH_ / How S + V
3 Comands/ requests ( câu mệnh lệnh/ yêu cầu).
a Infinitive ( động từ nguyên mẫu)
Ex1: “Please give this book to him tomorrow” I said to Lan
=> I told Lan to give that book to him the following day
Ex2: The teacher said “Nam, don’t put your leg on the chair.”
=> The teacher asked Nam not to put his leg on the chair
S + said + that + S + V
S + told + (O ) + that + S + V
Trang 33
Ex3: “Can I help you?”
=> She offered to help me.
Ex4: “I can’t help you do the exercises”, he said
=> He refused to help me do the exercises
Ex1: “Shall we cook dinner tonight?”she suggested.
=> She suggested cooking dinner that night
suggested
S + admitted + (not) + V_ing
denied
Ex2: “ Sorry I’m late.” The student said to teacher.
=> The student apologized teacher for being late.
1 Invitations: ( lời mời)
- Would you like … / to V ?
- Do you like/ do you want to V ?
- You had better + V
- If I were you, I would
- Are you free to V
Ex1: " Do you want to go home with me?"
Trang 34=> She invited me to go home.
2 Advice: ( lời khuyên)
- S + had better + V
Ex2: “You had better come to see a doctor.”
=> She advised me to come to see a doctor
3 Suggestions.( đề nghị)
- Let's do
-Shall we… ?
-Do you feel like……?
-Why don't we ?
-Why don't you……?
-What/ How about ?
Ex3: “Let’s go swimming.”
=> He suggested going swimming.
I Statements
Put the following sentences into Reported Speech
1 She said, "I went to the cinema yesterday." _
2 He said, "I am writing a test tomorrow." _
3 You said, "I will do this for him."
4 She said, "I am not hungry now." _
5 They said, "We have never been here before." _
6 They said, "We were in London last week." _
7 He said, "I will have finished this paper by tomorrow."
8 “I will apply for my visa tomorrow,” She said. _
9 “ I worked for a bank in KG” He said. _
10 She said, “ Jenny is leaving now.” _
11 “ I was watching TV at 8.00 last night.” She said _
12 “My mother died of cancer in 1985”, Tom said to me
13 “ I will come back tomorrow” he said _
14 “ I spoke to her yesterday.” He said,
15 She said to me, “ I like your dress.’ _
16 “ I am here for a short holiday.” She said
17 “ I am going to New York tomorrow.” She said _
18 “ I had written the statement of purpose before.” Peter said
19 John said, “ I have finished studying my lesson.”
20 They said, “ we want to assist us today.”
II Questions:
1 Wh-…/ H-… questions
Put the following sentences into Reported Speech
1 “What’s the weather like?” She asked me
2 “How can I solve the problem?” I wanted to know
3 “ What did you think of the performance yesterday?” She asked me
Trang 354 "Where is my umbrella?" she asked _
5 "How are you?" Martin asked us
6 He asked, "Do I have to do it?" _
7 "Where have you been?" the mother asked her daughter. _
8 "What are they doing?" she asked.
9 "Which dress do you like best?" she asked her boyfriend.
10 "How do you know that?" she asked me.
11 “ where did you go yesterday?” she asked me
12 They asked, “ How can you repair this machine, John?”
13 “ Why did the dog bark violently last night?”, John asked Peter
14 He asked me, “ How long does it take to get to London?” _
15 They asked, “ where is your school?” _
16 He asked me, “ why did you come to class yesterday?” _
17 He said to me, “ What time is it?”
18 Peter said, “ How old are you now?” _
19 The police asked him, “ Where were you last month?” _
20 “ when did you come here?” she asked me.
2 Yes – no questions:
Put the following sentences into Reported Speech
1 “Is your school near here?”, she said
2 Tom asked his friend: “ Do you go to school by bus?”
3 I asked Mary: “ Can you use a computer?” _
4 Mr Ba said: “ Does your father live here?” _
5 “ Have you ever seen a tiger?”, Ha asked me. _
6 “ Are you learning your lessons?”, the girl asked her brother.
7 “ Did he live with his grandfather?”, she asked me
8 “ Will you visit Dalat?”, she said.
9 “ Have you learnt French for 6 years?”, she asked me _
10 “ Did you come to the treather?”, she said. _
11 “Will Ted and Alice be at the party?” She asked us
12 “Did you study hard for the exam?” She asked _
13 He asked me, “Do you like these trousers?”
14 Marry aske me, “ will you go to schoolnext week?”
15 “ Have you seen this film before?” he asked me _
16 “ Did you phone me yesterday?” Tom asked Marry
17 “ Did you pass the exam, John?” The teacher asked. _
18 He said to me, “ Do you understand it now?” _
19 “ Are you hungry now?” she said to me _
III Commands:
Put the following sentences into Reported Speech
1 John said to me: “ Bring me a book.”
2 Mary said to him :“ Give me your book.” _
3 The boys said to his mother :“ Close the door for me.”
4 He said to her: “ Come to dinner with me.”
5 The workers said : “Cook it in butter.”
6 The man said to me: “ Pull as hard as you can.”
7 My father said: “ Do your homework, dear.”
8 They said to us: “ Wait there until we come.”
9 “ Don’t enter this area.” The police ordered.
Trang 3610 Mai said: “ Wash these dishes”
12 John said to me: “ Don’t open your book.” _
13 Mary said to him :“ Don’t play games.” _
14 His mother said to him:“ Don’t leave your hat on my bed.”
15 The man said : “Don’t make him angry.” _
16 The workers said : “Don’t touch this one.”
17 The man said to me: “ Don’t make noise here.” _
18 Mai said: “ Don’t use my car” _
19 “ Don’t be a baby.”, Nam said to her. _
20 "Don't be late," he advised us _
21 "Don't be angry with me," he said. _
22 “Leave me alone," she said. _
23 "Don't drink and drive," she warned us. _
24 "Meet me at the cinema." he said.
25 The doctor said to me, “You should lose weight.”
The doctor advised me
26 Mary said, “Let’s go to a movie.”
Mary suggested
27 “I didn’t break the windows”, Bill said
Bill denied _
28 “You told a lie, Tom”, she said
She accused Tom
29 “I can’t go to your birthday party next Saturday evening, Jack”, said Mary
Mary apologized for
30 Joe said, “Please come to my party.”
Joe invited _
31 “Are you the new manager, Daisy? Congratulations!” said Billy
Bill congratulated _
32 “Please give me some more money, Mum,” Daisy said
Daisy insisted her mother _
CHOOSE THE BEST ANSWERS
1 “ Don’t be late again!” she said.
A She promised me not to be late again B She said me not to be late agai
C She asked me not to be late again D She agreed not to be late again
2 “ Remember to lock the door!” my mother said.
A My mother reminded me remembering to lock the door
B My mother reminded me to remember to lock the door
C My mother reminded me locking the door
D My mother reminded me to lock the door
3 “ If I were you, I would help him,” he said.
A He said me to help him C He wanted to help him
B He advised me to help him D He promised to help him
4 “ Let me open the door for you, “ she said to me.
A She offered to open the door for me B She offered to open the door for you
C She invited to open the door for me D She invited to open the door for you
5 She said “I’m sorry I didn’t reply to the letter.”
A She apologized for didn’t reply to the letter
B She apologized for not to reply to the letter
Trang 37C She apologized for not to replying to the letter.
D She apologized for not replying to the letter
6 “ I bought these books last week”.
A He said he bought these books last week
B He said he had bought these books last week
C He said he had bought these books the week before
D He said he bought these books the week before
7 “ Did they tell you when they left?” she said to me.
A She asked me if they told me when they left
B She asked me if they told me when they had left
C She asked me if they had told me when they left
D She asked me if they had told me when they had left
8 Rosa asked Jose, "Have you been studying English very long?"
A Rosa asked Jose when do you study English
B Rosa asked Jose if he had studied English
C Rosa asked Jose if he had been studying English very long
D Rosa asked Jose if he was studying English very long
9 The teacher said, "Study chapters 1-4 for the final test!"
A The teacher told us to study chapters 1-4 for the final test
B The teacher asked us if we studied chapters 1-4 for the final test
C The teacher said us to study chapters 1-4 for the final test
D The teacher asked to us to study chapters 1-4 for the final test
10 “Whose composition haven’t we heard yet?”
The teacher asked us to tell her
a whose composition we haven’t heard yet b whose composition we hadn’t heard yet
c whose composition hadn’t we heard yet d whose composition we hadn’t heard yet?
11 “You look beautiful in this dress.”
Last night she told me
a you look beautiful in that dress b you looked beautiful in that dress
c I’ll look beautiful in this dress d I looked beautiful in that dress
12 “Hi, Bob Did you take the job?”
Bob’s friend asked him
a did he take the job b whether you took the job
c if he had taken the job d had he taken the job
13 “How many people are there in your family?”
The interview asked me
a how many people there were in your family
b how many people were there in your family
c how many people were there in my family
d how many people there were in my family
14 “Don’t stay up late You should go to bed early,” Peter told me.
a Peter told me not to stay up late and promised to go to bed early
b Peter promised not to stay up late and told me to go to bed early
c Peter told me do not to stay up late and advised me to go to bed early
d Peter told me not to stay up late and advised me to go to bed early
15 “I will bring you some food.” He said to me
a He invited me to eat some food b he offered to bring me some food
Trang 38c He told me to bring some food d he advise me to bring some food
16 She asked me where ………
17 My friend asked me …………
A whether did I like B I liked or not C do you like D if I liked
18 He said to me, “Are you tired ?”
A He told me if I was tired B He asked me if I was tired
C He asked me if I am tired D He asked me if I had been tired
19 She asked me what then
A I am doing B I have been doing C I was doing D I were doing
20 He told me he _ very ill since the day before
21 Jack asked me _
A.where do you come from? B.where I came from
22 I wanted to know _ return home
A.when would she B when will she C when she will D when she would
23 Yesterday, Laura him to put some shelves up
A asked B is asking C ask D was asked
24 I told you to switch off the computer, didn’t I ?
25 “Where did you go last night, Nam?”, said Hoa
A Hoa said to Nam where had he gone the night before
B Hoa said to Nam where he had gone the night before
C Hoa told Nam where he had gone last night
D Hoa asked Nam where he had gone the night before
26 My father asked me _ of the film
A what do you think B what I think C what did you think D what I thought
27 He begged them _
A help him B should help him C to help him D help to him
28 She said that she - there the year before
A went B had gone C would go D goes
29 Peter asked Jane why - the film on T.V the previous night
A didn’t she watch B hadn’t she watched
C she doesn’t watch D she hadn’t watched
30 He advised them - in class
A to not talk B not to talk C to talk not D don’t talk
31 Tom said that New York _ more lively than London
A is B be C was D were
Find the mistakes and correct.
1 The secretary said me that I would receive the letter from him
Trang 392 Simple past:
Ex2: Peter took this book yesterday
This book was taken by Peter yesterday
S + be (was/were) + V 3/ed + …… + by + O
3 Present continuous:
Ex3: She is cleaning my room in the house
My room is being cleaned in the house by her.
is
S + be am + being + V 3/ed + … + by + O are
4 Past continuous:
Ex4: The chief engineer was instructing all the workers of the plant
=> All the workers of the plant were being instructed by the chief engineer.
Trang 40was
S + be + being + V 3/ed + … + by + O were
5 Present perfect:
Ex5: Mary has operated Tom since 10 o’clock
Tom has been operated by Mary since 10 o’clock
has
S + + been + V 3/ed + … + by + O have
6 Past pefect:
Ex6: My mother had written the letter before 1985
The letter had been written by my mother before 1985.
Ex7: Police will destroy these drugs
=> These drugs will be destroyed by police
will can shall
S + must + BE + V 3/ed + … + by + O may
might would ……
b
Ex8: They are going to buy a car tomorrow
=> A car is going to be bought by them tomorow.
is
S + be am + going to + BE + V 3/ed + … + by + O are
Note:
- Ta có thể bỏ by me, by it, by us, by you, by them, by someone, by people trong câu bị động.
Ex1: People speak English all over the world
