gerund and perfect gerund

Lờ Th Nh Thu WEEK 4 GERUND AND PRESENT PARTICIPLE PERFECT GERUND AND PERFECT PARTICIPLE. (Danh ng t v hin ti phõn t ; danh ng t hon thnh v phõn t hon thnh) * Gerund: Là hình thức động từ tận cùng bằng - ing và có tính chất của danh từ. * Cách dùng của Gerund: - Là chủ ngữ: Eg: Swimming is my favourite sport. - Là bổ ngữ Eg: My hobby is reading books. - Là tân ngữ Eg: We enjoy playing football. - Đứng sau 1 động từ + giới từ Eg: Depend on / dream of / success in/ give up - Đứng sau 1 tính từ + giới từ Interested in/ different from/ fond of/ keen on * Cỏch dựng ca Present participle. Cng cú cỏch thnh lp V-ing nh Gerund nhng hin ti phõn t (Present participle) cú cỏch s dng khỏc. - c dựng sau ng t Be trong cỏc thỡ tip din. Eg: I am studying English with a foreing teacher. He has been looking for a long time. She was playing the piano when I came. She had been working for IBM for a long time before she got married. By this time tomorrow, she will be flying to Hue. - Hin ti phõn t c s dng trong khi cõu cú mt ch ng v hai ng t tr lờn din t cỏc hnh ng xy ra ng thi. Eg: She sat in her living room, reading his letter. - Hin ti phõn t c s dng lc gin mnh . Eg: The woman who sat next to you on the train was an exellent teacher of English. The woman sitting next to you on the train was an exellent teacher of English. - Hin ti phõn t c s dng sau ng t tri giỏc, cm giỏc nh: hear, see, smell, feel => I see him passing my house everyday. - Hin ti phõn t c s dng vi mt s ng t c bit: go, spend, waste, catch, find, leave + Tõn ng => go fishing, go shopping, go swimming => He spent two hours painting this picture. => I wasted time explaining to him about everything. => I caught them stealing my apples. => He found a tree lying across the road. => I left her talking to my mother. * Dng Perfect ca Gerund v Present participle. - Cỏch thnh lp : Having + P.P - Cỏch dựng Perfect Gerund: Dựng thay cho dng hin ti ca Gerund khi chỳng ta cp n hnh ng trong quỏ kh. Eg: The boy was accused of having stolen/ stealing her money. She apologized for having broken/breaking my vase - Perfect Participle c dựng nhn mnh hnh ng xy ra hon tt trc mt hnh ng khỏc xy ra trong quỏ kh. Eg: Having asked for her parents permission, the children set off for their picnic in the forest. Having finished all my exercises, I went to bed. - 1 - Lê Thị Như Thuỷ EXERCISES I. Choose one word which underlined part is pronounced differently. 1. A. wheel B. wet C. away D. answer 2. A. beyond B. year C. quay D. yet 3. A. who B. when C. what D. why 4. A. well B. week C. two D. forward 5. A. amuse B. cure C. new D. usual 6. A. knowledge B. toward C. forward D. award II. Decide whether the –ing form in italics is gerund or present participle? Write G (Gerund) or Pr P (Present Participle) next to each sentence. 1. I think you should start practicing now! 2. Listening to music after work helps me relax my mind. 3. It’s a waste of time playing computer games. 4. There are some people waiting to see you 5. I hate doing the washing up 6. Feeling tired, I went to bed early 7. Having finished the housework, she went for a walk 8. If you have a headache, try talking two of these pills Join each of the following pairs of sentences, using an appropriate participle ( Present, past or perfect) 1. I knew that he was poor. I offered to pay his fare. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 2. She became tired of my complaints about the programme. She turned it off. ……………………………………………………………………………………………………… 3. He found no one at home. He left the house in a bad temper. ……………………………………………………………………………………………………… 4. The criminal removed all the traces of his crime. He left the building. ……………………………………………………………………………………………………… 5. He realized that he had missed the last train. He began to walk. ……………………………………………………………………………………………………… 6. He was exhausted by his work. He threw himself o his bed. ……………………………………………………………………………………………………… 7. He had spent all his money. He decided to go home and ask his father for a job. ……………………………………………………………………………………………………… 8. He escaped from prison. He looked for a place where he could get food. ……………………………………………………………………………………………………… 9. She did not want to hear the story again. She had heard it all before. ……………………………………………………………………………………………………… 10.They found the money. They began quarrelling about how to divide it. ……………………………………………………………………………………………………… III. Choose A, B, C or D that is suitable for each sentence. 1. Those villagers are very _____ to visitors. A. hospitable B. hospitably C. hospitability D. hospitalities 2. We all were in a state of great _____ when we learnt that we had passed the final exam. A. excite B. exciting C. excitement D. excitedly 3. Up to now they have not made a _____ whether they will go or not. - 2 - Lê Thị Như Thuỷ A. decide B. decision C. decisive D. decidedly 4. _____ is all that most human beings are looking for. A. Happiness B. Happy C. Happily D. Unhappy 5. Mr. Pike has just received a letter _____ his daughter, who lives in Australia. A. of B. from C. at D. for 6. We had a very _____ holiday last summer. A. memorable B. memory C. memorable D. memorably 7. Mr. Beb is a generous _____, who has sent a lot of clothes to the poor children. A. donor B. donation C. donate D. donator 8. When I have time, I’ll participate _____ a research project. A. with B. at C. in D. on 9. Big Brothers is a _____ organization for boys who no longer have fathers. A. volunteer B. voluntary C. voluntarily D. volunteered 10. Volunteers help the disadvantaged and handicapped children to _____. A. over go B. overcome C. get out D. over do 11. Thanks for your _____ , without which we wouldn’t have got good marks A. co-operation B. co-operate C. co-operated D. co-operating 12. Green summer is a voluntary project where students provide _____ for disadvantaged children. A. educated B. educating D. education D. educational 13. She intends to hold a _____ party on her daughter’s 18 th birthday. A. special B. specially D. specialize D. specialized 14. The local authority asked for a _____ contribution from the community to repair roads and bridges. A. volunteer B. voluntary C. voluntarily D. voluntariness 15. Each nation has many people who voluntarily take care of others. A. look after B. take part in C. organize D. clean up 16. Your _____ conversation has drawn a lot of attention from people in the ballroom. A. interesting B. interested C. interest D. interestedly 17. A _____ holiday can help you out of depression. A. delightful B. delighted C. delight D. delightedness 18. TV is the most popular means of _____. A. entertainment B. entertaining C. entertain D. entertainer IV. Fill each gap in the sentence with one word from the box. Where, how, why, before, if ,what ,who, and, or ,because 1. She’s one of those people love to be the centre of attention. 2. It’s one of the few countries people drive on the left. 3. We can’t go to Julia’s party we’re going away that weekend. 4. We stopped bought some bread. 5. I’ll show you to load the software. 6. You can pay now when you come back to pick up the paint. 7. John asked me books did you buy. 8. do people keep leaving the door open? 9. anyone rings for me; please tell them I’ll be back at 4 o’clock. 10. Did she leave a message she went. V. Fill each gap in the sentence with the correct form of the word in brackets. - 3 - Lê Thị Như Thuỷ 1. She does work for Red Cross two days a week (volunteer) 2. When shall I do the ? (shop) 3. They want to improve public , especially education. (serve) 4. We finished the job, but only with great (difficult) 5. Some athletes take drugs to improve their (perform) 6. Their grandchildren are a constant source of (happy) 7. At university, you have the to do what you want.(free) 8. There is a general that things will soon get better. (believe) 9. A. is a person who climbs mountains as a sport or job.( mountain) 10. One major of the area is the lack of public transport (advantage) VI. Supply each blank with the correct preposition. 1. She was dressed black head foot. 2. I am quite aware his intentions. 3. My friend is good English and mathematics. 4. He seemed so surprised my success. 5. Though we all ran the thief, we could not catch him. 6. The people came the meeting all the country. 7. We are looking forward seeing her again. 8. I am anxious his heath. 9. His friends congratulated him his good fortune. 10. I am thinking looking a new job. VII. Read the following passage. Then complete sentences by circling the corresponding letter A, B, C, or D. When Linh was younger, she liked to go to school more than anything. She used to study every day and tried even harder when preparing for exams. In class, she listened attentively to lectures and answered her teachers’ questions perfectly. That was why she often performed well in exams and appeared in the list of ‘Top 10 Students” of the school. She could speak two foreign languages, English and French, quite fluently. Her dream was to become a successful diplomat. Unfortunately, her father died in a car accident when she was a first-year student at university. She had to quit school to help her mother take of her family. Nevertheless, she continued studying by herself and tried her best to graduate from the Institute of International Relations at the age of 30. She is now working for the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. She says: “the more I try, the more I see the meaning of life”. 1. When Linh was young, she a. liked school a lot c. hated school b. liked taking exams d. hated exams 2. Linh’s excellent performance in exams made her. . . a. one of the top 10 student c. study harder at school b. prepare more carefully for lessons d. attend more often 3. When she was fifteen, she was quite fluent at speaking. a. English and French c. English b. German d. French 4. She had to quite school to . . . a. go to the university c. look after her mother - 4 - Lê Thị Như Thuỷ b. take of the family d. study by herself VIII. Circle A, B , C or D that is incorrect 1. They made him to sign a paper admitting his crime. A B C D 2. Finished my homework, I was allowed to go to the cinema with my friends. A B C D 3. Paul was too tired finishing the last lap of the race. A B C D 4. A friend in needing is a friend indeed. A B C D 5. Tuan’s parents never let him to go out with his friends at weekends. A B C D 6. I am very please that se should meet again soon. A B C D 7. Unlike my father, I do not like many sugar in my coffee. A B C D 8. In my opinion, this book is better than that one. A B C D 9. She wasted a month tried to apply for a job in that company. A B C D 10. It is an opportunity for all family members to gather, exchange wishes , and A B C having dinner together. D 11. There are many private primary schools that provides education , accommodation A B C and food for children and orphans. D 12. If you want to get more money, you should apply to another job. A B C D 13. I have a problem to memorizing names of people. A B C D 14. I spent most of my time in the train read my favorite book. A B C D 15. Each of the ten Asian countries were represented at the conference. A B C D - 5 - . Lờ Th Nh Thu WEEK 4 GERUND AND PRESENT PARTICIPLE PERFECT GERUND AND PERFECT PARTICIPLE. (Danh ng t v hin ti phõn t ; danh ng t hon thnh v phõn t hon thnh) * Gerund: Là hình thức động. her talking to my mother. * Dng Perfect ca Gerund v Present participle. - Cỏch thnh lp : Having + P.P - Cỏch dựng Perfect Gerund: Dựng thay cho dng hin ti ca Gerund khi chỳng ta cp n hnh ng. and tried even harder when preparing for exams. In class, she listened attentively to lectures and answered her teachers’ questions perfectly. That was why she often performed well in exams and