* each gQi l¢nh AME Ill' menu MENU BAR > MODEL>hi¢n ra Pull·down menu dudi day: 4- Help E;~ Revolve ~olidiF}J Efimi~ive~ Union SUQlrad Intersect Modif,Y Se!up Inguir~ D Lsplay U lilitl! • • • • • • Tren bang Pull·down menu do eo cac Ii!a ehQn Ihi h~l.I1h tn!c tiep de I¢nh va co cae thlfc dO'r1 phl,l chua cae nhom l~nh rieng nhu sau: '" Cae liJ'a ehQn ling v(ri cac I~nh + Extrude = I~nh solex! + Revolve = Solrev + Solidify = Solidify + Union = Solunion + Subtract = Solsub + Intersect = sol int '" Cac thiJ'c don pht,J _ Primitive: khi b';ln ehQIl nll,lc nay AME dua fa hlip lhO<;li "AME Primitive" eM b<).n I<,tO cae solid g6c: box, sphere, wedge, cone, cylinder, torus (hlnh 11·21). _ Modify: ehQn ml,lc nay b<;tn eo Ih~ sLta d6i solid, region. Trong do chua cac hla ehQfl li"ng v6i d ,c I¢nh sau: + Move Object = I~nh sol move + Change Primit = Solchp + Separate = Solsep + Cut solids = SolclI! + Chamfer solid = Solcham + Fillet solid = Solfill _ Setup: cai d~t cae bien AME, dan vi do vv . _ Inquiry: d~ tra Cllu ve d6i IUQ'ng ve, di¢n tfeh, kh6i luQ'fl p _ Display: kieu hien th! dUQ'e ehQIl Lrong hlip lho<,li sau day. + Mesh = l~nh sol mesh + Wire fram = Solwirc + Set Wire Dens = Solwdens (m~1 dli khung ILt6i) + Copy Feature = Solfeal + Section Solids = solsect + Prom Solids = Solprof _ Utility: de l¢nh li¢n feh. + Material = hi¢n hQp Ihm.li material + solves = Solucs + ASM in = Solin + ASM out = So10Ul + Purge Objects = Solpurge + Load Modeler = tai AME AME Primitives m r- ____ ';create Solid Primitiv r=e ____ -, Box Sphere Wedge Cone Cylinder Torus Baseplane , aOn Mode: 13 Points Ell Object Snap Mode I OK I Cancel I Help ll'inh 11·21 + Unload Modeler = [hao lui AME gi<li ph6ng bli oh6". 114 11.7. TAO RA cAc lliNH CHIEU 20 Tif MO HINH 3D Gill Slr chung la da co m6 hlnh gin dil3D (vo Iren lap 3D) nhl! hinh 11-22 dLtoi day. Bay gia hay xfty dt!1lg cae hinh chieu dting, hlnh chicu b~ng, hlnh chieu canh Ilr ml) h111h do. Ban Ihue hi¢n then cae bu6c sau day: 1- Dat bien T1LEMOOE=O. chuyfn san'g kh6ng gian gi<'fy (Pspace). + L¢nh LIMITS d!Tlh gi6i h<.l.Il viS trong kh6ng gian giay (kh6 A4=297.21O). Va Icnh ZOOM / All. + Hi (load) duimg dUt Hidden bling l~nh LINETYPE vao ban vi! de sau lao net dUt Iren de hlnh chieu. 2- Dung I¢nh MVIEW 1<;10 4 khllng nhln d9ng k6 nhau (ch<;m Fit) (hlnh 11- Hillh 11-22 23), Dimg I¢nh Mspacc chuy~n sang kh6ng gian l:no hlnh. 3-01111g I<;nh VPOINT chQn cae diem nhln eho tiOlg khllng nhln de c6 hinh chieu dUng, hlnh chicu b~ng. hlnh chicu cq.nh. . . IT ·dol dwol I!lIOIEI :.f!staltl -tT-do l . dwg1 l\YMicro$ot\Word·Chgl1b ._1 mnh 11-23 115 4- Dung I¢nh ZOOM vai ty I¢ bang nhau (VI d~L scal e= I) de chinh klch thLIoe cae hlnh eh ieu tren cae khung nhln eha ILIong (mg bang nhau. Sau do dung I¢nh MVsetup /Align M ehinh V! lri cae hlnh ehieu [ren cae khung nhlEl eho cung dltong giong dttng va ngang. 5- Dung I¢nh SolPROF t<:ta cae cht ctng bao thriy va khuat laLl lttQ1 eho lung khung nhlLl. 6- OllO g I¢nh LAYER lam dong lap chua 1116 hlnh gia dO' nay(lap 3D). - T<,lo l&p mai len la "K HUNG ", roi lam dong l Op nay. - L¢nh PSPACE chuy~n sang kh6ng gian gi5y. - L~nh DDchprop d~ dua cae dLtcJng vien cua cae khung nhln(Vpolrs) sang lap " KHUNG " da lam dong(b6 de duong vien khung di). 7-Ghi kfch tillroe tren cUc hlnh chieu va ve khung ban ve, khung len. Chu y: N6u ehlI~ thay net elm d6i v6i die dlrO'ng khua't lhl (lung I ~ nh LTs ca lc lang h~y giam Iy I¢ cho thily dlIq'C net chn. Ket qua ta co ban ve de hll1h chieu va 1116 hlnh 30 elLa gi,\ dO' nhu hlnh I J -24 . .:AD . IT ·do2.dwg) I!!I[!] EI J:!elp , , , c- c,- o 0 0 I I '" ;0 "''' " - - - " •• - ¥. - - - ~ - "".~ -~ • - _. • . - .' . Hinh 11-24 116 CHUONG12 -'? - -' - XUAT BAN VE 3D RA GIAY VA RA T~P TIN 12.1. XUAT BAN vi<: RA GIAY Khi ve xong ban ve 3D, b~n ca.n phii Xll:ll ra giay h~c xut(t thanh t¢p tin ph1,lc VI,I cho vi~c lrao d6i vai cae ph:in mern khac. o trong khOng gian rnO hloh (Mspace) thi b'.lo chi in duqc hloh aoh tren khung ohin hi¢n thai. Nhtnlg a trong khOng gian giay (Pspace) b~n co tM in hloh imh tr~n tl1t d. cae khung ohin d~ng t<.t0 bm l¢nh Mview. Neu in cae hloh chien ph6i doh h<;ln ch(;>n ty l¢ in ia Scale to Fit. • - TrInh tt! in him ve trong kh6ng gian gi5y (Pspace) thea tUng buOc wang tt! nhu d.c buoc t~o cae hioh chi€u 2D tir mO hloh 3D da trloh bay a chuang II, tiet 11.7 tren day. Cu6i cimg dung I¢nh PLOT de in fa gil1y qua may in (Printer), hay may ve (Plotter). - B<:Lo cung co the chuy~n mO hloh 3D thanh d6i tm:;mg 2D qua t¢p tin DXB file. Sau do t¢p tin nay dugc g«;li vao ban ve AutoCAD bang I~nh DXBIN va duqc in fa nhu ban ve 20. - Mu6n in mO hlnh duqc to bOng, b'.ln co thi! chen no vao ban ve AutoCAO ho~c cben V30 t¢p tin van ban vv + Dl chen m6 hlnh duQ'c to bOng vao ban vi! AutoCAD, b'.ln dung d.c l¢nh GIFIN, TGAIN. Command: GIFlN Gif file name: <go ten t¢p tin .GIF vao> Insertion point< >: <cho diem chen> Scale factor<. >: <h¢ s6ry I~> Sau khi chen, cac hlnh 3.nh do co th~ hi¢u chlnh dUl;1C bang l¢nh Clla AlltoCAD, va in ra. nha bim ve 2D. + D<l chen him vo m6.hlQh d';<1G«'~ h<\ng\.lIp{¢i> tin~n bAn; b~n ~em ti~t duai day (WMF file). «< < < <; 12.2. XUAT BAN vi<: THANH ~PTIN ACAD co the duqc xua:t thanh cac ~p tin: + WMF (windows Metal File)- de chen vao t¢p tin van ban, d6 hQa khac. L¢nh xu5t la WMFOUT. + BMP (Bitmap file)- hlnh anh m.nh raster. 4nh xu~t I. BMFOUT. + EPS (Encapsulated PostScript)- dung Irong ch€ ban, in ~n. 4nh xu~t I. PSOUT. + DXF (Data eXchange Format)- trao d6i dii li¢u v6i pMn mem CAD/CAM khac. 4nh xu~t 13 DXFOUT, I¢nh gQi vao ban vo ACAD Ja DXFIN.< + DXB (Data eXchange Binary)- chuyi!n mo hlnh 30 thanh 20. L¢nh gQi vao ban ve ACAD Ja DXBIN. 117 * B~n co the S11 dl,lng I~nh xuAt thanh c;],e t~p tin bang hQp tho~i til menu nhu sau: FILE> Export> HQP tho<.ti "Export Data"> Ch(;m kieu file xulit > Save Vi dr,t: B~n dn chen ban ve mo hlnh 3D e6 ten la "Gia-do.dwg" vao t~p van bim sO';1n trong word 97, hay lam nhu sau: I. Ma ban ve "Gia-do.dwg" trong AutoCAD for windows. 2. Xulit bim ve thanh d<;lng .WMF bang I~nh WMFout (ho~e Export v6i ACAD.rl4) ho~c gQi I¢nh xuat til menu FILE. Luc d6 hc.jp tho~i "Export WMF" (ho~c "Eexport Data") xuat hi~n nhl1 hlnh 12-1. iiiiiiiiiiiiiiii EXPOft WMF E3 FiIe.ll_: llirectOfiM: OK I liI!!Ilill I c: \scadwin\support I Cancel long .wlnf 'd c :\ !. a acadwin @) support • • list Files of Type: Drixu; .\101 ,;10 ('.WMFJ B I~c:kee 3 Hinh 12·1 + DOng "Save as type:" b,,1n ehQn Metalfile[.wmf]. + DOng "File name:" b<;lJl go len file xuat, vi dlr "Gia:'do" va chQn nut "Save". + Sau do xuiit hi~n dong nhile: "Select objects", b;;tn ehQn cae d6i tuQ'Og ve xutlt ra t~p van ban. + Thu nho elra s6 AutoCAD/Win. 3. Vao Word 97 va rna t~p van bim. Nh~p file "Gia-do.wmf' vao nhl1 sau: + D~t con tro vao dung eho eua van ban mu6n chen hlnh ve. + Tu menu: Insert>Picture>From file> hi¢n fa h¢p thO';1i "Insert Picture" Trong do b'.ln file "Gia-do.wmf' va nhay vao nut "Insert" de chen. 4. Sau khi ban ve dugc chen, b"m co the dung chuc nang Picture cua word de hi~u chinh duemg net, mau sac. 12.3. Ti).O HiNH A.NH DONG TRONG AUTOCAD a. Script file AutoCAD co kha nang thl!c hi~n dl1qc mQt chuoi dc I¢nh. Vi the chung ta co th~ lam cho hinh anh hien thj Ian 111<;rt lien ti€p nhau, t';1o nen hlnh anh dQng (gi6ng phim hO';1t hinh). m Hlm ditu d6 ta dn t~o mQt t¢p van ban (co the dung EDIT cua DOS) gQi Hl Script file (duoi la .SCR) hay con gQi la t¢p tin k!ch ban. Vi dl;l: Ta t;;tO mc.jt Script file de ve mc.jt kh6i h"p co Length=60, Width=30, Height= I 00, sau d6 dai n6 dQc trl,lc x mc.jt do;;tn 150. B~n gQi I~nh EDIT clla DOS va so~n ca.c dong sau day: Solbox 0,0,0 60 30 100 delay 1000 move all 150,0,0 delay 2000 redraw erase all Rscript B~n ghi l~i t~p tin nay vm duOi ".SCR", vi dl,l: "Hop.ser", • Dil eh~y ~p tin nay, viio ACAD va go ten I~nh "Script" sau dong nhiic l~nh "Command:" ; Command: Script fIle: Ghi ch6 Script Hop <go ~n ~p vao, kh6ng dll!,c go 4u6i> + Trong cae dbng SO¥! thAa coo script file, mOi khoeing trong (Space bar) tUOIlg duong y{fi m¢t 1:10 ENTER. + ~ dUng yi¢c thl!C hi~n I l~nh trong script file, b¥l dung I~nh DELAY. Thi'ti gian di:rng \ii sO duong nhb han 32767ms (milliseconds), + Mu6n I~p di I~p l~i chuOi I~nh. b~ cho I~nh Rscript yaO cooi t~ tin script file. + Khi l~nh Script dang thl,fC hi¢n rna mutSn dimS lilli, ~ An Ctrl+C (v(ri ACAD.rI4 go phim ESC:). Vii. mutSn tilp h,lc, ~n dung I¢nh Resume. b. Cae I~nh ch~p anh va g~i anh ra Gi6ng nhu phinl ho~t h9a. khi ta dung l~nh gQi Ian lUgl cae blob cinh ra. Chung ta co the cht,JP cae 3nh tren man blob bang l~nh Mslide ho~c l~nh Shade cho cae mO hloh to bOng; va gQi cae anh da eh~p fa ta dung l~nh Vslide. + Ch~p anh b~ng I~nh Mslide: Command: Mslide Slide file: <d~t ttn ~p hnh va; duOi .SLD> + GQi imh fa: Command: V slide Slide file: <chi ten ~p Anh .SLD clln g~i ra> + T~o Script fIle Anh dong: Vi dl! 1: VO mot hlnh hOp c6 cae ~ length=60, width=30, height=IOO vAchyp Anh IJ cae vi ttl di cbuyen kh3e nhall. B!m Imn theo c4c bm\e sau: I. Vi! kh6i hop biri. I~nh SOLBOX. 2. DUng I~h MSLIDE ch~pilnbven ten "Hop1.sld" 3. DIri vA xoay blnh hOp dobiri. I~nh DVlEW de c6 vi tri !hu 2 cu. Anh. Sou d6 dung I~nh MSLIDE ch~ hnh ven ten "Hop2.sld" 4. DIri va xoay hlnh hOp do biri. I~nh DVlEW di! c6 vi ttl !hu 3 cua anh. Sau d6 dimg I¢nh MSLIDE chyp hnh ven ten "Hop3.sld" 5. DIri vA xoay hlnh hOp do biri. I~nh DVlEW di! c6 vi tn thu 4 eua hnh. Sau do dung I~nh MSLIDE ch~ hnh ven ten "Hop4.sld" vv 6. G~i I~nh EDIT eua OOS di! so~ !hao Script file nhu sau: Vslide hopl delay 1000 Vslide bop2 delay 1000 Vslide hop3 119 delay 1000 Vslide hop4 delay 2000 Rscript Ghi th1mh Script file c6 ton "Hop.SCR". 7. De ch~y Script file, b~n vao I~h: Command: script Script file: Hop V{ d1.l2: T~ cu6'n phim hO'.lt hioh htrang dill ve mO hloh chi tiet may 3D (hloh ve). 1- Bu9c 1: rna ban ve khdi thuy "A4.dwg". + 4nh MSLIDE chvP 'nh dot ton la "b l.sld" 2- Bucrc 2: lenh VPOINT/(-I,-I,l) + 4nh MSLIDE chVp anh dot ton la "b21sd" 3- Sucre 3: lenh SOLBOX vo d€ c6 length=IOO, width=90, height=30 (chua v~t 2 gOc). + lenh MSLIDE chVP 'nh ~t ten I. "b3.sld" 4- Bucre 4: lenh ues chuyen he ues Ion dlnh A. DUng I¢nh SOLBOX vo kh6i h¢p ben ph.i c6 length=22, width=90, height=90 . + lenh MSLIDE chVP "nh dot ten Iii. "b4.sld" 5- Bucre 5: I¢nh SOLMOVE /tx80 de doi kh6i do sang phii tir A tm B. + lenh MSLlDE chVP Imh d~t ten la "bS.sld" 6- Buoc 6: I¢nh SOLCYL (ues van a A) de ve trl,! ngoai tam A, r=30, height=40. 4nh SOLCYL /B vo trV ben trong co day d116i la m~t du6i d~, r=15, height=70 Jfmh 12-2 + I¢nh MSLIDE chVP anh d~t ton lA "b6.sld" 7.Bucre 7: lenh SO'LMOVE /tx4O va ty45 + lenh MSLIDEchvp aM d~t !!IlIa "b7.sld" 8- Bucre 8: lenh uCS,Io cit d1ri h¢UCS Wi diem giu. e cua c'!llh diii Irlii-ton cUa th1mh bon phiti. 4nh SOLBOX, chodlnh thll nMlla (0;-30;-2'), length=20, width=60, height=25. + I~h MSLrDE chvp.nhd~hen l1t'''b8 . .sld". :. . 9- BuOc 9: lenh SOLCHAM de vat 2 gOc tmi cu~ de, cl)qn'm~tv't la(l!~t tnli d€, 2 C'!llh vat th!ng dUng, do~n vat=IO.· . '. + lenh MSLlDE chvP 'nh ~t ten I. "b9.s1d" 10- Bucre 10: l¢nh SOLWEDGE vo gan(hic nay v~n c6 ues d C), cho dlnh thu nh~t qo,O,O), lenglh=15, widlh=lO, heighl=15. 120 + lenh MSLlDE chvP 'nh dot ton la "b lO.sld" \1- Buoc II: lenh ROTATE 3D xoay gan d6 di I gOc 180" + lenh MSLIDE chVP anh d~t len Ja "bl1.sld" 12~ Buac 12: l~nh ALIGN de can dung gan vao vi trt B. + I~nh MSLIDE ch~p anh d~t ten Ia "bI2.sld" 13- Buac 13: l¢nh SOLSUB chqn kh6i hI tm 13 thanh phaj, d€, tn,I Ian va cac kh6i trir la ranh chu nh~t, tn~ trong. 4nh SOLUNION lien ket de, thanh phai va gan thanh solid da hqp. . + I¢nh MSLIDE ch~p anh d~t ten H. "bl3.sld" 14-Buoc 14: l~nh SHADE to bOng v~t th~ vita t~o ra . . , + lenh MSLIDE ch~p imh d~t teilla "bI4.sld" lS-T<;lo script file voi t~n la "cachve3D.scr" trong h¢ so~n thao EDITcua DOS nhu sau: Vslide bl Delay 2000 Vslide b2 Delay 3000 Vslide b3 Delay 3000 . Vslide b4 Delay 3000 Vslide bS Delay 3000 Vslide b6 Delay 3000 Vslide b7 Delay 3000 Vslide b8 Delay 3000 Vslide b9 Delay 3000 Vslide blO Delay 3000 Vslide bll Delay 3000 Vslide bl2 Delay 3000 Vslide bl3 Delay 3000 Vslide b14 Delay 3000 Rscript 121 . hlnh I J -2 4 . .:AD . IT ·do2.dwg) I!!I[!] EI J:!elp , , , c- c ,- o 0 0 I I '" ;0 "''' " - - - " •• - ¥. - - - ~ - "".~. - - - " •• - ¥. - - - ~ - "".~ -~ • - _. • . - .' . Hinh 1 1-2 4 116 CHUONG12 -& apos;? - -& apos; - XUAT BAN VE 3D RA GIAY VA RA T~P TIN 12.1 hlnh chicu cq.nh. . . IT ·dol dwol I!lIOIEI :.f!staltl -tT-do l . dwg1 lYMicro$otWord·Chgl1b ._1 mnh 1 1-2 3 115 4- Dung I¢nh ZOOM vai ty I¢ bang nhau (VI d~L scal e= I)