('ro.100) pi p P" 70 70 ffinh2-3 2.4. CIRCLE: VO duilng tron P8 PS '* each gQi l¢nh CIRCLE til Menu: mnh 2·4 , ~ Screen Menu> DRAW> Circle Menu Bar > DRAW > Circle • Go l~nh til ban prom: Command: circle L¢nh circle d~ ve duemg trOll thee cae each x.ac dinh khac nbau: • Cho 14m va ban klnh (hinh 2-4): Command: circle 3P/2P{ITR/<Center point>: 75,50 <cho tfun, vi dV 75.50> Diameter/<Radius>: 30 <cho D ho~c R, vi dl,l cho R=30> • CII. 14m va tI/lllng klnh: lUang !\f nbu Wn. • Clio 3 tJilm (3P) Command: circle 3P/2PfTIR/<Center>: 3P First i><>int: <chQ .rnem tM nMt> Second point: <cho diem thil 2> Third point <cho diem thll 3> • Cho 2 tIilu mul ella ~I tt/lilng klnll (2P) Command: circle 3P/2P{ITR/<Center point>: 2P First point on Diameter: <cho mut thO' 1 ella duemg kfnh> Second point on Diameter: <cho mut thil 2 ella duang kinh> • Ve tI/lllng IrOn litp xue v';; 2 tI/lllng eho /rUUc (ITR) Vi d u : hlnh 2-5 Command: circle 3P/2P{ITR/<Center point>: TIR (ho~c T ) Enter tangent spec: <chi dUCmg thtl ohAt PI> Enter second tangent spec: <chi duCmg thtl 2 Hi P2> Radius: 34 Command: .J 3P/2P{ITR/<Centerpoint>: TIR Enter tangent spec: Entersecondtangentspec: Radius: 2.5. ARC: Vi! cung tron <chi duemg thti: nh~t,PI> <-chi va~ duemg thu 3, P3> 75 * Oich gQi l¢nh ARC til'Menu: ,. I",-,,}"."- ",,-' ". I Screen Menu> DRAW> Arc Menu Bar > DRAW > Arc * Go I¢nh til' ban phim: Command: arc • Vi! cuog tr«)n theo cac each nhtl sau: .'Cung tr~n qua 3 diim (hlnh 2-6) Hlnh 2·5 Command: arc Center/<Start point>: <cho diem PI> Center/End/<Second point>: <cho diem P2> End point: <cho diem P3> - Diim d(iu (Start), tam(Center), diim cud! (End): Pi S,C,E Command: arc Center/<Start point>: <cho diem PI> Center/End/<Second point>: C Center: <cho tam> Angle/Length of chord/<End point>: <cho dit!m cu6i P2> - Diim dau, tlim, g6c om (Include Angle): S, C, A Command: arc Center/<Start point>: <cho diem PI> Center/End/<Second point>: C Center: <cho tam> Angle/Length of chord/<End point>: A Include Angle: <cho goc Om> - EJiim dau, tam, chie'u dai cung (Length oj chord): S, C, L Command: arc Center/<Start point>: «ho diem PI> Center/End/<Secondpoint>: C - Center: ' «ho tam> Angle/Length of chord/<End point>: L Length of chord: <cho chieu d~i cung> - Diim ddu, diim cudi, ban ktnh: S, E, R Command: arc Center/<Start point>: <coo diem PI> Center/End/<Second point>: E PO End poind: <cho diem cu6i P2> Angle/Direction/Radius/<Center point>: R <l Radius <cho ban kinh> - EJiim dciu, diim cutfi, goc dm: S, E, A Command: arc Center/<Start point>: <cho diem PI> PO 19 • Center/<Start pPint>: <coo di<!m PI> Center/Encl/<Second point>: E End poind: <cho diim cu6i P2> Angle/Direction/Radius/<Center point>: A Include Angle: <cho g6c ()m> • Dilm tlDu, dilm COOl, hU't1ng phdt min: S, E, D Command: arc Center/<Start point>: <cho diem PI> Center/End/<Second point>: E End poind: <cho diem cu6i P2> AngleIDirection/Radius/<Center point>: D Direction from start point <cho huang g6c quay +, hay -> - Ve cung tron n6i tiep v6i mQt duimg dti cho Giii su truac do ta d3: ve 1 duemg thAng hay 1 cung tron, trong l¢nh ARC nell ta ENTER a dong nhlic da.n tien thl cung tron ve fa se n6i tiep voi duemg dli co. Vi dl!-: hloh 2-7 (11(1.10) Command: From point: To point: To point: Command: Center/<Start point>: End point: 2.6, TRACE line 45,50 120,50 .J arc .J @liO<45 - Hinh 2-7 L¢nh ntly de ve dO<p1 thing, duang ga'p khuc co be r~ng net dugc chQo tnroc . • Cich g9i I~nh 1RACE tlr Menu: rl Sc-ree-n-M-en-u->-D-R-A-W->-T-ra-c-e ' G5 l¢nh tu ban phim: Command: trace' P2 60 VI d~: hlnh 2-8. Command: trace Trace width< >: 2.4 <ho be rQng neD From point: 70,90 To point: @ 50<30 To point: @ 60,0 PI (70,90) . To point: .J Hinh 2·8 P3 Trong I~nh nay n€u ta d~t bi€n h~ th6ng FlLEMODE la ON (I) thl net ve duqc to d{lm ben troog; n6'u d~t OFF (0) thi net kh6ng duqc to Mn trong. 2.7. POLYGON: Vi! da giac d~u 20 >II each gQi l¢nh POLYGON til Menu: ~ Screen Menu>DRA W>Polygon Menu Bar > DRAW >Polygon • G5 l~nh tir ban phim: Command: polygon Number of side< >: <cho s6 c~nh da giac> Edge/<Center of polygon>: <cho Him P, ho~c cho d¢ dai c~> L¢nh Polygon de ve da giac d~u bang cac cach sau: + Neu cho tam P, ACAD nhac nha tiep: Incribed in circle/Circums cribed abaut circle< >: <b<,m tra Uri. I se ve da giac n¢i titp, tra. 1m C ve da giac ngo~i ti~p duang tron> Radius of circle: <cho ban kinh dUCmg ttim > B~n cho diem la dinh hay diem giita e<,mh da giac 1a toy truemg hqp ve n¢i ti~p hay ngo~i tiep; neu b<.m cho 1 s6 thi d6 13. d¢ dai c<,mh day polygon nam ngang. + Ntu chl!n E de ve da giac deu bOi 1 c~nh, vai dong nhac nhu sau: Edge/<Center of polygon>: E First Endpoint of edge: <cho dinh I cua e~nh> Second Endpoint of edge: <cho dinh 2 eua c~nh> 2.S. DONUT (DOUGHNUT) L¢nh nay ve hinh vanh khuyen co t6 mau a tmng neu bi~n FILEMODE d~t la ON(1); con d~t gia tri bien do Iil OFF(O) thi kh6ng t6 mau. * each gQi l¢nh OONUT tir Menu: , ~ Screen Menu>DRAW>Donut Menu Bar > DRAW > Donut • G5 l¢nh tit bim phim: Command: donut Vi d~: hinh 2·9. Command: donut Inside diameter< >: 25 Outside diameter< >: 35 Center of doughnut: 130,110 Center of doughnut: .J 2.9. ELLIPSE: Ve .lip • each g9i I~nh ELUPSE til Menu: ~ ~ , Screen Menu > DRAW> Ellipse . Menu Bar > DRAW > Ellipse • GO I~nh til bhn phim: Comm<qld: ellipse' mnh 2·9 ACAD dua ra nhi~u ea.ch ve e1ip nhu sau: - V lip /Ttlngcij.p ban ~c chlnh Command: ellipse _I <Axis endpoint 1 >/Center: <eho diem mut thu 1 ella true> <cho diem mut thu 2 eua ~c d6> Axis endpoint 2: <Other axis distanee>/Rotation: <eho diem P3 thl ACAD coi ban true thu 2 Is khoang each til tAm den P3, neu cho 1 s6 thi do I. d¢ dai ban In!c thtl 2> (hlnh 2-10). 21 - Ve .lip bOi Ill'" va 2 ban tr~c Command: ellipse <Axis endpoint I>/Center: C Center of ellipse: <cho tam P clla elip> Axis endpoint: <cho PI Ul mut tI1,lc thu I:> <Other axis distance>!Rotation: <cho n. mut~c2> - Ve elip ming 1 ~c va pilip quay Command: ellipse P~ ________ -'p~ ________ ~P2 mnh 2-10 <Axis endpoint I>/Center: <cho dau mut PI cua I tI1,lc> Axis endpoint 2: <cho P2 Hi mut thu 2 clla tI1,lc do> <Other axis distance>/Rotation: R Rotation around major axis: <cho goc quay> TI1,Ic chinh PIP2 do xem nhll dllCmg kinh cua 1 vong him. vong trim nay dllqc quay di m()t goc va dllqc chieu len m~t ph~g ban ve thanh e1ip. - Vi" dip ltJ hinh chie'u cua 1 vong tron trong kinh chieu trl;lc do Neu b<;tn chc;m Isometric Style clla I¢nh SNAP. thi khi d6 l~nh ELLIPSE nh~c nha: <Axis endpoint l>/Center/lsometric: I Center of circle: <cho tam e1ip> <Circle Radius>/Diameter: D <cho ban kinh ho~ duang kinh, vi d9 cho duang kinh D> Circle Diameter: <cho d~ d3i dlkinh> IDoh 2-11 Hl mOt vi du ve hinh ch~u truc do clla kh6i l~p phuong v~ cae ~ong tron n/)i, til!p IItn cAe m~t cua n6 tro thanh clic elip. ' , 2.10. SOLID II y x mnb 2 11 ~nh nay cho phep vo mien phllng tb mau khi bien h¢ th6ng F1LLMODE Ja ON; neu gia hi bi€n d6 Iii OFF thl mien ve kh6ng dugc t6 m~lU. * C3.ch gQi l~nh SOLID tir Menu: 1- Screen Menu> DRAW> Solid '" Go l¢nh tir ban phim: Command: First point: Second point: Third point: Fourth point: solid <cho diem PI> <cho diem P2> <cho diem P3> <cho diem P4> Third point: .J 2.11. SKETCH: Vi! duang t\l do L¢nh SKETCH (ve phac) cho phep b~ ve-cac dUCmg tv do bOi cac thiet bi chi dier 22 Mouse, Thb1et). Khi di chuyen thi~t bj chi ditm (~n phfm pick chuot vaJe) ACAD se t~o ra lo~t cae do~ thlkg fill ngan nOi nhall thea duemg di chuy~n cua b~ . Oich gQi l¢nh SKETCH ti1 Menu: , : 1 Screen Menu > DRAW> Sketch * G6 l¢nh tit ban phfm: Command: sketch Record increment< >: <cho d¢ dlti buCJc tang> Sketch Pen eXit Quit Record Erase Conect B~ tro vilo 11,f8 chQn nao b~n mu6n tIen dong nhac do: + P: M nMc "bUt" 1M (up) khOng vo dil b~ di chuyin con trl>; N~u h~ "but" xu6ng(down) b~n se ve duqc. + R: .de ghi l~i ta":t ca cae duang dii ve phac thilnh duemg cO dinh. + X: thacit khoi H~nh sketch va ghi l~i cae duemg dii ve phac. + Q: thoat khoi l¢nh sketch va kh6ng ghi 1<}i cae duemg da: ve phac . . + E: <Ie xoa di mC?t do~n duang da ve ke tiI v~ tn b~ chQn too cu6i. + C: cho phep b~n nOi 1<;ri vilo duemg ve phic vUa rOi saD khi b~ da nh~ "but" len. Ch6 y: De khOng anh hui'mg toi duUng ve phtlc, khi dung l¢nh ~KETCH b~ nen tat eM'd¢ SNAPMODE va ea ORlliOMODE. Vi d~: vo duemg ky hi~u m~t d.t tay nilm b;\ng gO (hlnh 2-12) Command: sketch Record increment< >: 1 <cho 'd¢ dhl bu6'c di cua con trl?> Sketch Pen eXit Quit Record Erase Conect Den day b~ hay d~t con tro tOi diim bcit dau vi: va ~ phim tnii chu¢t, re chu¢t theo duemg w.ri gO muOn ve . .D~n chiS nao muOn ngat th1 :in phim tnii chu¢t Ian thO' 2. Vi: xong mu6n ghi l~i V30 ban ve, b~ hay go R. Hlnh2-lZ 2.12. cAc L~NH TRt;i GUlP Kill Vii. SNAP D~t luCri. cho con trO. Khi di con trl> n6 chi bat vao cac mat IU6i. . • each goi l¢nh SNAP va GRID tiJ Menu: Screen Menu> SETTING> Snap/Grid Menu Bar>SETTING>Drawing Aids>h¢p tho~i Snap/Gdd 23 * Go l¢nh til: bim phim: Command: snap Snap spacing or ON/OFF/ AspeclRfttate/Style< >: B~n dap dong nhac nay bOi cac 1tpl chQn nhu saU: + Snap spacing: v~o 1 sO thl dO 13. khoang cAch cac mat hro'i theo phucmg x, y. + ON/OFF:b~t/t~t ch~ dO Ium snap. + A: de d~t bm.1c dich chuyen ngang v~ dQC khac nhau. Sau do ACAD nhac ti~p: Horizontal spacing: <cho bu6c dich ngang> Vertical spacing: <cho bU'l.1c dlCh dQC> + R: de quay chi~u ch~y con trO quanh 1 diem, c6 dOng nh&< ti€p: Base point< >: <cho diem Cel sa , roc 1a trun xoay> Rotation Ang1e< >: <cho g6c xoay> + S: de ch~n snap thoo 2 kieu: Standard (chuiin) hay Isometric (thuimg dung de vo hlnh chieu t~c do): . Snap spacing or ON/OFF/Aspec/Rotate/Sty\e< >: S Standard/ Isometric< >: <chqn I hay s> Dum da.y la 2 vi d1,l dung l¢nh ELLIPS veti Iva chqn Style·lsometric cua SNAP de ve hinhchi~u tI1,lc do vu6ng g6c deu (hlnh 2-13a), va.hinh chi€u t~c do dUng deu (hlnh 2-13b) cua 2 v~t th~. Trong khi dang dung l~nh khac cilaACAD, b~n c6 the b~t ON hay tilt OFF ch€ d~ SNAP bfulg each :In phim F9 hay Ctrl+B . . I lfmh 2-138 Hinh 2-13b GRID De hi¢n lu6i ra man hlnh, thucrng ket hl1P veti SNAP. Command: grid Grid spacing or ON/OFF/Snap/Aspec< • >: <dap Mmg II! nhl11~nh SNAP> De di6u khien GRID hoat d~rig hay tilt di. b~n ~n phim F7 hay Ctrl+G. TRANSPARENT Trong khi dang thvc hi~n mt')t l¢oh nao do clla ACAD b~ co the gQi l~nh Transparent thl ACAD cho b~n kha nilllg thoat ra th~c hi¢n eae \¢nh khac ella ACAD va sau do tu tra ve \I;nb cu. . 24 De gqi l¢nh nay h'.'n- chi cful them dAu nh<iy "'" tnr6c ten l¢nh c~n ra .thVc hi¢n. Vi dJ,t: Dang dung l~nh PLINE rna b"" mu6n ra dung l~nh SNAP. Command: PLINE From point: 93,85 To point: 'snap »Snap spacing or ONfOFFI Aspect!Rotate/Style< >: <h<;ln cho h!a chc;m cho SNAP> Resuming PLINE command. To point: ORTHO L¢nh nay de mdlt~t ch~ d~ ve ole duang th~ng dUng ho~c nam ngang. B'.'n chu y nmg ~nh ORTHO khOng c6 lac d\ffig khi vao ch€ do Objecl SNAP. Hay dung phim F8 hay Clrl+O M bAt! tAl ch€ dO ortho. Command: ortho ON/OFF< >: OSNAP (OBJECT SNAP) Khi h<;m hat d~u ve m~t d6i tUQ'Ilg moi m~ mu6n no neo t'.li dAu mut clla m~t duang, hay di qua dit'!:m giiIa ella m~t d01,ln th~g, vu6ng g6c vcJi m~t duang. neo vao diem giao nhau ella 2 duang nao d6 , l¢nh OSNAP giup h<;ln thVc hi~n di~u do chinh xac va rAt ti~n lqi. * each gqi I~nh OSNAP tir Menu: , , Screen Menu> SE1TING > Osnap Menu Bar > SETTING > Objecl SNAP * G5 l¢nb til ban phim: Command: osnap Object snap mode: B<;m'tra 1m dong nhac bang c<ic Iva chqn sau day(go 3 chiI c<ii dllu): + CENter: neo v~o tam duang tnm. + ENDpoint: neo Vlo d~u mut cua 1 dUang g~n con tro nhAt. + INTersection: neo vao giao diem cua 2 duang. + MIDpoint: neo vao diem gifra clla dol,Ul thang hay cung tron. + NEArest: neo vao diem gful con tro nha:t cua d6i tuqng ve. + PERpendicular: neo v~o c.han duang th!ng g6c clla m~t duang Ve tit mi?t diim mai tai duimgdo. + TANgent: neo v~o ti~pdi-em clla m~tduang tron khi ve tum~t diem mcJi tai tiep tuyen va; duimg tron do. + QUAdrant: neo vao. diem chia c~c cung ph&! tu duang tron gcin con tro nhAt. + INSert: tlm diem xen c~a kh6i(BWCK), h<* diem ~I d~u cua 10XL + NODe: neo vao diem dU<!C vo bin l¢nh POINT. + QUIck: tAng nbanh vi~c xac djnh d6i tuqng. + NONe: tat e<ic IJ.!3 chqn clla OSNAP. Ghi c!au: + osnap thuitrr.g trJ!C: ACAD12 e61¢nh bDOSNAP~e dung Mp thOl;li de d~nh eae)va chqn osnap. ho~c g9i l~nh ti::r Menu bar> setting> Object snap (hlnh 2-14). Khi b~ dii d.e ~jnh ml)t Osnap thubng tf\IC. n6 se t6n .t~ miii cho Mn khi ~n thao ga di. 010 ntn khi dung xong. b~ ntn th3.o ga ~i ~~ n6 khOng anh huOng den cac I~nh kMc. ? . 2-7 L¢nh ntly de ve dO<p1 thing, duang ga'p khuc co be r~ng net dugc chQo tnroc . • Cich g9i I~nh 1RACE tlr Menu: rl Sc-ree-n-M-en-u->-D-R-A-W->-T-ra-c-e. duemg thti: nh~t,PI> <-chi va~ duemg thu 3, P3> 75 * Oich gQi l¢nh ARC til'Menu: ,. I" ,-, ,}"." ;- ", ,-& apos; ". I Screen Menu> DRAW> Arc. Clio 3 tJilm (3P) Command: circle 3P/2PfTIR/<Center>: 3P First i><>int: <chQ .rnem tM nMt> Second point: <cho diem thil 2> Third point <cho diem thll 3& gt;