** ROTA1E ** <Rotate angle>! Base point/Copy/Undo!eXit: <cho gOc quay> + SCALE mode: B~ go "SC" dAp dong nhac ",** SfRETrn **", xua't hi~ dong nhac sau: <Scale factor>/Base point/Copy/Undo/eXit: <cho h~ s6 ty l~ > + MIRROR mode: go HM!" dip dong ohic H" SIRETCH •• " thl ACAD nhic tiep: <Second point>/Base pointlCopy/Undo/eXit: <cho-diem> Diem b~n vila cho cung v6'i diim cd Sd hlnh thanh tr~c d6i xU'ng._Sau do b,~n thu du~ hlnh d6i Xll'ng cua d6i nrqng ve da ch<;ln, nhung d6i tuqng co bi xoa di. Mu6n d6i tugng co khOng bi xoa, b~n chQn diem thu 2 clla tn zc d6i xU'ng b~ng cach dung chu"t chi dibn thu 2 trong khi dang {in Shift. Dtroi da.y la hlnh ve minh hQa la"y d6i x6ng clla m~t hlnh dung ktfp GRIP va [n Shift M vao dibn tM 2, hlnh 3-27. P1 Chuy: 1. Di,x6a GRIP, blm an Ctrl+C 2 lb. 2. C6 J¢nh DDGRIPS di co ht>p thol,li ct19n d6ng/ma, ddi mall, ci1 b vu6ng GRIP. 3.5. HUY BO L~NH L~NHU ~h nay eM huy b6 thao Ule vim tht;rc hi~n xong. Command: u Neu b~n dung nhiiu liln I~nh U so Ian IUQI huy bO e~e ~nh ~ thyc hi~n tru(;c d6 $eo thu h! ngu<;1C 1<,1i. UNDO ~nh nay bUy bit d6ng thlli I hie tac.dt)ng eua nhit:' I~nh tru(;c d6. Command: undO. . AuIo/Bac:kJCoDlrolfEntlfGruplMark< >: + Neu go siS n' viI~, Ibl ACAD se bUy bO n I~nh trUoc d6, Nang It! nhu ban dilng I~nh. U nhi6u bin.' . + DUng Mark va Back: '!hIUc tien ban Mark M danh Mu ~nh vila th~c hi~n di sau nay can co the UNDO trll v6 Wi d6 bang chQn ,Back. B~n co the dUng Mark: d nhitu vi tri, sau d6 Back se trO v~ tm vi tri' glin nhitt, va tiep tt;lc teri. khi kh6ng con vi tri danh ditu nao, se thOng bao: This will undo everything. OK?<Y>: Neu dap "Y" se trd ve h~n tr~g thoii bah dfuI md ban ve; tTa 1m "N" se IX> qua chuc nang Back. 42 + OtQn Group va End: hie la m~t nh6m l~nh tnrac do dugc coi la m~t l~nh khi dung I~nh U hay UNDO. Group bM d!u, End I. kl!t thUc nhom. Chii y: C6 m~t s6 I~nh khOng th~ U ho~c UNOO d11t;JC, nhula: AREA, DBUSf, DELAY, END, FILES, HELP, 10, USf, QUIT, SCRIP, SAVE, SfATIJS, WBWCK, CO nhi~u l¢nh I~i chua I¢nh U va UNDO rieng. REDO L~nh REDO du<;'C dung ngay sau khi dii dung I~nh U hay UNDO de kh6ng th\lc hi~n U hay UNDO nua. Command: redo 3.6. cAc L~NH TRA c(ru LIST 4nh nay cho b~ xem dil li~u li~n quan den d6i tUQT1g vi!. Command:. list Select object: (chQn d6i tugng dn tra diu) DBLIST (Data Base List) L¢nh nay 1i~t ke cae thOng tin cua tit ca cae yeu t6 tren ban vi!. * Oich gQi l~nh LIST' va DBLISI' tlr Menu: Screen Menu> INQUIRY> List! Dblist • G6 I~nh til ban phfm: Command: dblist ID L¢nh nay xac dinh tQa d~ m~t diem chi tren man hinh. *' each gQi l~nh ID tu Menu: Screen Menu> INQUIRY> ID >I< Go l¢nh til ban phim: Command: id Point: (chi ra 1 diem) x= y= z= DIST (Disiance = khoang each) . 4nh nay dung dt do khoang cAch giUa 2 diem, do gOc vlt giA tti djch choyin lUaIIg dili l!.x, I!.y, I!.z . • each g9i I~nh DIST til Menu: ,-~~ ~~-, Screen Menu > INQUIRY> Dist * Go l~nh tU ban phim: Command: dist First point: (cho diim.thu n Second point: (cho ditm tM 2) Distance = Angle in xy plane = Angle from xy plane= Delta x = Delta Y = Delta z = 43 AREA (di~n lich) L¢nh nay d~ doh di¢n ticb, chu vi eua hmh kin . • C3ch gQi I~nh AREA til Menu: rl-Sc-ree-n-M'-e-n-U->-IN-Q-U-IR-Y->-Ar-e-a' * Go l¢nh tU ban phim: Command: area <First point>/Entity/ Add/Substruet: cae tn\. Uri dOng nhlic oay: + N€u b:ilO cho di~m d~u (First point), ACAD coi nhu b'.lo tloh di¢n tich·cua 1 da giac luge ve tit diem nay. va nhac ti~p: Next point: <Yao di~m tiep theo> Next point: Next point: .J Area = Perimeter = + 01<;>0 E: b'.lll ch(;m Polyline ho~ d.l1Cmg tron de Hoh di¢n tich. chu vi. Neu Polyline he ,thl ACAD d6ng kin Mng 1 dO<)ll th~ng r6i mm doh. + O1Qn A (add = them): dung IlP ehQn nay ACAD so tinh tiep va e~ng them vao di~ tich, chu vi da tjoh tnl't1C do d~ co di¢n tich toan ph~n mm. + O1Qn S (substruct = triI di): lUang tl! nhu chQn A, nhung i1 day I~ tinh hi~u. Vi dl.l: Tinh di¢n rich t.bn kim lo~ (philn g(iCh cMo) nhu hinh 3-28. 44 Command: area <First poinl>/Entity/Add/ Substruct: A (<It tinh t6ng) <First poinl>/Entity/Add/ Substruct: E (chQn d6i tuQng tinh ~n lich) (ADD mode) Select circle or polyline: (chi vAo d.ronS Polyline I) Hlnh 3-28 Area = 6213.72 Perimeter=314.2:i Total area = 6213.72 (ADD mode) Select circle or polyline: .J <First poinl>/Entity/Add/Sobstruct: S <lit linll ~u> <First poinl>/Entity/Add:E <chQn d6i IUQflg tinh> (SUBSIRUCT mode) Select circle or polyline: <chi wo du1mg trim 2> Area = 1256.64 Perimeter = 125.66 Total area = 4957.08 (SUBSIRUCT mode) Select circle or polyline: <chi wo du1mg 3>· Area = 300.00 Perimeter = 50.00 Thtal ace. = 4657.08 (SUB~TRUcr mode) Select circle or polyline: .J <First point>/Entity/Add: .J CHrfONG4 -" ~ - - DIEU KHIEN MAN HINH 4.1. Li!:NH ZOOM L¢nh ZOOM cho phep thu, phong hioh anh tren mall hlnh rna vAn gill nguyen kich thu6'c th~t ella cae d6i tuqng tren bim ve. * each gQi l~n~ Z09M tir Menu: , , Screen Menu> DISPLAY> Zoom Menu Bar > VIEW > Zoom O.25x 1hJOcZOOM Sau ZOOM: O.25X . Hlrih 4-1, • + All: de thu toan b~ ban ve ke ca ph~n hinh vi! a ngoai giro h~ UMITS da d~t ra man hinh m¢t each. ddy duo + Center (C): cho phep d.c dinh 1 etta sO chii' nh~t chlia phan hloh vi! de hi~n hinh. CUa s6 Day duqc xac d~nh b&ng tam va chi~u cao ella n6. 45 + Dinamic (D): IlJa ch9n nay thuemg de ZOOM vm t6c d¢ cao. Sau khi chqn "D" tf~n man hlnh xuat hi~n dau "x" d dung tim cua s6. B~n co th~ chqn V! tri dtn thi~t d~ xem bang each di chuy~n con tro tm do r6i a.n phfm Pick hay Enter se xu at hi~n 1 mlii t~n chi vao qmh elra s6. my gio b~ dung ban phfm di chuy€:n con tfO de thay d6i cua 56 xem. + Extents (E): d~ hi¢n tat dt hlnh ve fa vita khit man hlnh. + Left (L): l~a chQn nay gi6ng CENfER i1 tron, chi kMc la i1 CENfER cOn cho tam cila s6, con b d1y phiii cho g6c tnli-dum ella cila s6. + Previous (P): d~ hi¢n l~i man hinh truac do. B~n co th~ diing lien tiep 10 Ian chuc nang Pnay. + Window (W): b~ co t1i xa.c d!nh m¢t elm s6 trum l~n vung hlnh ve mu6n xem. Vung hlnh ve ella ci:ra 56 se dugc ph6ng to hay thu nhb d~ lap d~y man hinh. 4,2. Lj):NH PAN ~nh nay cho phep b~n "trugl:" i'mh teen man hlnh rna kh6ng thay d6i d¢ Ian d~ xem cae phAn khac ella ban ve iJ phia ngoai man hlnh. '" each gqi l~nh PAN tir Menu: ~ , Screen Menu > DISPLAY> Pan Menu Bar > VIEW > Pan '" G6 l¢nh til ban phlm: Command: pan Displacement: <cho di~m g6c, ho{tc d¢ dm> ~cond JK>int: <cho diem thu 2, ho~ Enter> VI d~: Sallday La 2 clch dich chuyen bim ve sang tnii 50 dan vi va xu6ng dum 80 dan vi, Ktt qua 2 eAch PAN cl6LAnhu nhau (hlnh 4-2). 46 •. Command, pari. b. Displacement: -50, -80 Second JK>int: ~" . ; + P' (lOo,tOO) Command: Displacement: Second JK>int: PAN TnIOc PAN pan -150, -180 -100, -100 Hinh 4-2 <clio ~ .• dln> . . , ' '. ,; . ".:." <cho diem g6c> <cho diem ilili 2> PI (150, leO) PAN Sau PAN 4.3. LtNH VIEW Nhi~u khi b~ phili "tnrqt" di. l~ nhieu lin dt xern anh cae philo eua ban ve Ian. Nh~ v~y b",n phai si'r dvng nhi6u Hln de l¢nh ZOOM, PAN, song ACAD dua fa l~nh VIEW de thl!c hi¢n di6u do thu~n lqi han. L~nh VIEW cho ph6p b~ d~t ten vi'!. hru 1 d.nh (1 phAn ban ve), sao nay b~n co the dua doh d5. luu fa man hlnh bat ca hlc nao. * each gQi l¢nh VIEW tir Menu: r ~ ~ _, Screen Menu> DISPLAY> View * Go l¢nh tit bim'phfm: Command: view ? lDeletelRestore/SaveIWindow: <cae Iva chQn xern dum day> View name: Y nghia cae tily chQn a dong nhac tren nhl1 sall: + ? : de ke fa ten cae phfu anh(View) d3: d!nh nghia; + D: xoa bO phfin aoh d5. djnh nghia; + R: dl1a 1 ph<in imh da co fa man blob; + W: dung ella 86 de xac dinh m()t phan inh. d~t ten va 1l1U l<i1i. 4.4. LENH REDRAW L¢nh nay dung de tar t.;to l~i man hinh va x6a di cae dau "+" (dau Blip) co tren ban ve. * each gQi l~nh REDRAW tu Menu: , , Scnren Menu > DISPLAY> Redraw Menu Bar > VIEW > Redraw * Go l¢nh til ban phim: Command: redraw 4.5. LtNH REGEN Gi6ng nhu I¢nh REDRAW, nhung I¢nh REGEN ghi I~i toan b~ ban ve, cho nM thOi gian Iii t€to Hiu han nhung an toan han . • each gQi I¢nh nay tit Menu gi6ng nhu gQi REDRAW iJ tren. * Go l¢nh tu bi'm phim: Command: regen 4.6. LtNH DRAG MODE ACAD cho phOp leOO It (Drag) rn(lt s6 d6i tugng vo tren rn~n hlnh, d6ng \hOi hi¢n ra cac d6i tugngd6 bAng mltu trang(White) de b"" quan sat duqc qua trlnh leeo Ie. B~n c6 the dieu khien che'd¢ rna hay tfit DRAG nhu sau: Command: dragmode ON/OFF/Auto< >: 4.7. LtNH VIEWRES (OlQn ON: kOo It dUg<:; OFF: bO che' d~ keo Ie; Auto: che' d~ leo It H! d~ng khi c~n). ~nh nay dung de d~t ch€ d~ ZOOM nhanh va de d~t chI! d<;l phan giai cho ducmg trim. 47 each gQi l~nh VIEWRES ti'r Menu: , , Screen Menu> DISPLAY> Viewres • Go l¢nti til ban phim: Command: Vlewres Do you want fast Zoom?<Y>: <c6 Zoom nhanh kh6ng YIN?> Enter circle zoom percent (1-2000)<100>: Duang tron duQC ve bang da giac dl!u nQi ti~'p. ~ co tIi cho s6 c~nh Clla da giac vao dOng nh!lc tren. S6 qnh cho cang 160 (1 -:- 2000) thl duemg tron dUQ'c ve ra cang mtn. Vi d~ b hlnh 4-3a, s6 c~nh da giac Ia 20, hlnh 4-3b chQIl s6 c~nh HI. 1000, ta th!iy ro dQ m!n clla hai duemg tron rat kM.c nhau. a. 56 Cf,l.l1h da gilk 20 b: 56 c~ da giac 1000. IDnh 4·3 48 , CIWONG5 G.I;\CH M~T CAT. GHI KicH THlJOC. _i _ .,_ VIET CHO CHO BAN VE 5.1. GACH MAT ckr ACAD su dung J¢nh HATCII hO flC BHATCH de vc "5' hi ~ u V<.\ , li ~ lI tn~n m~1 dt, ho~c tOlmng trlln ~ n b6 m,~t. Mien 10 tlufong 1 ~ lllli c n kin. Cic m fi u (Palt crn) g<,lch sqc dlIqc chl' ra Irong fil e acad.pal (*). ~nh HATCH vii BIIATCH c6 lrong ACADI2 dung de g'. lch m~t cat; J¢nh BIIATCII (Boundary Halch) dllllg de hop Ihm , li de' b ', 1Il !L,ra c hQn mau g<.tc h, "i e ll g;)ch vv 5.1.1. BHATCH Cich gQi I ~ nh BIIATCII Iii Me nu : Scr een Menu > DRAW > Bhalch Menu Bar > DRAw > Bhalch * Go I ~ nh Ilr bim ph'm : Command: bhatch Sau khi enler, h<)p thoi;li "Boundary lIalch" xlI,i! 11I¢n nhL( sau: Pattern: No hatch panern selected. Hatch -Pettons I Define Hatch ArCI! fick Points < I '-_.!~"'e:.:'e::ct"O::b"'j.:.:ct:::.'-'<: _.J1 rl :OViC"'w ,.,"'"C",·,-:,-:c'o.,-''' "C< , L- __ ~P~ ~~~~~H~'~"~·I'~<'-'- __ JI~ I __ ~6~~~"~'.~d~O~p~tI~""~'~"~' __ .J Apply I Cancel I I Anlllhl~l I I He'p 1 IIlnh 5·1: II Op tho ,u "Ikmnd'lry I hl1ch': Trcn hop Ihoai do, de 6 co y nghia nhu sa u: a. lIatch option 8:; 1.0 hilY {Ill ph'ln Chll()llnii (phfm Pi ck) V;IO 0 nay de chQn m;1lI (Pattcm) va ki t u (Style) g;:tch sqe. Sau do h6p tho<;li phI;! xu{\'t hien nhu hinh 5-2. (*) Trong acad.pat Clla AUloCAI) co nhitu mJu gach khac voi lieu ch uiHl Vi~1 Nam. T :k gi,l dii viet cae cong thlre m~lI g;~ch theo TCVN Ban n~lO dn x in 1i~n he voj tac gi.i, dic.n Ih o~ i : 869.3418 . ticb, chu vi eua hmh kin . • C3ch gQi I~nh AREA til Menu: rl-Sc-ree-n-M'-e-n-U->-IN-Q-U-IR-Y->-Ar-e-a' * Go l¢nh tU ban phim: Command: area <First point>/Entity/. dOng nh!lc tren. S6 qnh cho cang 160 (1 -: - 2000) thl duemg tron dUQ'c ve ra cang mtn. Vi d~ b hlnh 4-3 a, s6 c~nh da giac Ia 20, hlnh 4-3 b chQIl s6 c~nh HI. 1000, ta. cung v6'i diim cd Sd hlnh thanh tr~c d6i xU'ng._Sau do b,~n thu du~ hlnh d6i Xll'ng cua d6i nrqng ve da ch<;ln, nhung d6i tuqng co bi xoa di. Mu6n d6i tugng