Gale Encyclopedia Of American Law 3Rd Edition Volume 10 P53 ppsx

LSAS Law School Admission Service LSAT Law School Aptitude Test LSC Legal Services Corporation; Legal Services for Children LSD Lysergic acid diethylamide LSDAS Law School Data Assembly Service LTBT Limited Test Ban Treaty LTC Long Term Care MAD Mutual assured destruction MADD Mothers against Drunk Driving MALDEF Mexican American Legal Defense and Educational Fund Malloy William M. Malloy, ed., Treaties, Conventions International Acts, Protocols, and Agreements between the United States of America and Other Powers (1910–1938) Martens Georg Friedrich von Martens, ea., Noveau recueil général de traités et autres actes relatifs aux rapports de droit international (Series I, 20 vols. [1843–1875]; Series II, 35 vols. [1876–1908]; Series III [1909– ]) Mass. Massachusetts Reports MCC Metropolitan Correctional Center MCCA Medicare Catastrophic Coverage Act of 1988 MCH Maternal and Child Health Bureau MCRA Medical Care Recovery Act of 1962 MDA Medical Devices Amendments of 1976 Md. App. Maryland, Appeal Cases M.D. Ga. Middle District, Georgia Mercy Movement Ensuring the Right to Choose for Yourself Metc. Metcalf’s Massachusetts Reports MFDP Mississippi Freedom Democratic party MGT Management MHSS Military Health Services System Miller David Hunter Miller, ea., Treaties and Other International Acts of the United States of America (1931–1948) Minn. Minnesota Reports MINS Minors in need of supervision MIRV Multiple independently targetable reentry vehicle MIRVed ICBM Multiple independently targetable reentry vehicled intercontinental ballistic missile Misc. Miscellaneous Reports, New York Mixed Claims Comm., Report of Decs Mixed Claims Commission, United States and Germany, Report of Decisions M.J. Military Justice Reporter MLAP Migrant Legal Action Program MLB Major League Baseball MLDP Mississippi Loyalist Democratic Party MMI Moslem Mosque, Incorporated MMPA Marine Mammal Protection Act of 1972 Mo. Missouri Reports MOD Masters of Deception Mod. Modern Reports, English King’s Bench, etc. Moore, Dig. Intl. Law John Bassett Moore, A Digest of International Law, 8 vols. (1906) Moore, Intl. Arbs. John Bassett Moore, History and Digest of the International Arbitrations to Which United States Has Been a Party, 6 vols. (1898) Morison William Maxwell Morison, The Scots Revised Report: Morison’s Dictionary of Decisions (1908–09) M.P. Member of Parliament MP3 MPEG Audio Layer 3 MPAA Motion Picture Association of America MPAS Michigan Protection and Advocacy Service MPEG Motion Picture Experts Group mpg Miles per gallon MPPDA Motion Picture Producers and Distributors of America GALE ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN LAW, 3RD E DITION ABBREVIATIONS 509 MPRSA Marine Protection, Research, and Sanctuaries Act of 1972 M.R. Master of the Rolls MS-DOS Microsoft Disk Operating System MSHA Mine Safety and Health Administration MSPB Merit Systems Protection Board MSSA Military Selective Service Act N/A Not Available NAACP National Association for the Advancement of Colored People NAAQS National Ambient Air Quality Standards NAB National Association of Broadcasters NABSW National Association of Black Social Workers NACDL National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers NAFTA North American Free Trade Agreement of 1993 NAGHSR National Association of Governors’ Highway Safety Representatives NALA National Association of Legal Assistants NAM National Association of Manufacturers NAR National Association of Realtors NARAL National Abortion and Reproductive Rights Action League NARF Native American Rights Fund NARS National Archives and Record Service NASA National Aeronautics and Space Administration NASD National Association of Securities Dealers NATO North Atlantic Treaty Organization NAVINFO Navy Information Offices NAWSA National American Woman’s Suffrage Association NBA National Bar Association; National Basketball Association NBC National Broadcasting Company NBLSA National Black Law Student Association NBS National Bureau of Standards NCA Noise Control Act; National Command Authorities NCAA National Collegiate Athletic Association NCAC National Coalition against Censorship NCCB National Consumer Cooperative Bank NCE Northwest Community Exchange NCF National Chamber Foundation NCIP National Crime Insurance Program NCJA National Criminal Justice Association NCLB National Civil Liberties Bureau NCP National contingency plan NCSC National Center for State Courts NCUA National Credit Union Administration NDA New drug application N.D. Ill. Northern District, Illinois NDU National Defense University N.D. Wash. Northern District, Washington N.E. North Eastern Reporter N.E. 2d North Eastern Reporter, Second Series NEA National Endowment for the Arts; National Education Association NEH National Endowment for the Humanities NEPA National Environmental Protection Act; National Endowment Policy Act NET Act No Electronic Theft Act NFIB National Federation of Independent Businesses NFIP National Flood Insurance Program NFL National Football League NFPA National Federation of Paralegal Associations NGLTF National Gay and Lesbian Task Force NHL National Hockey League NHRA Nursing Home Reform Act of 1987 GALE ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN LAW, 3RD E DITION 510 ABBREVIATIONS NHTSA National Highway Traffic Safety Administration Nielsen’s Rept. Frederick Kenelm Nielsen, American and British Claims Arbitration under the Special Agreement Concluded between the United States and Great Britain, August 18, 1910 (1926) NIEO New International Economic Order NIGC National Indian Gaming Commission NIH National Institutes of Health NIJ National Institute of Justice NIRA National Industrial Recovery Act of 1933; National Industrial Recovery Administration NIST National Institute of Standards and Technology N.J. New Jersey Reports N.J. Super. New Jersey Superior Court Reports NLEA Nutrition Labeling and Education Act of 1990 NLRA National Labor Relations Act NLRB National Labor Relations Board NMFS National Marine Fisheries Service No. Number NOAA National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration NOC National Olympic Committee NOI Nation of Islam NOL Net operating loss NORML National Organization for the Reform of Marijuana Laws NOW National Organization for Women NOW LDEF National Organization for Women Legal Defense and Education Fund NOW/PAC National Organization for Women Political Action Committee NPDES National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System NPL National priorities list NPR National Public Radio NPS National Park Service NPT Nuclear Non- Proliferation Treaty of 1970 NRA National Rifle Association; National Recovery Act NRC Nuclear Regulatory Commission NRLC National Right to Life Committee NRTA National Retired Teachers Association NSA National Security Agency NSC National Security Council NSCLC National Senior Citizens Law Center NSF National Science Foundation NSFNET National Science Foundation Network NSI Network Solutions, Inc. NTIA National Telecommunications and Information Administration NTID National Technical Institute for the Deaf NTIS National Technical Information Service NTS Naval Telecommunications System NTSB National Transportation Safety Board NVRA National Voter Registration Act N.W. North Western Reporter N.W. 2d North Western Reporter, Second Series NWSA National Woman Suffrage Association N.Y. New York Court of Appeals Reports N.Y. 2d New York Court of Appeals Reports, Second Series N.Y.S. New York Supplement Reporter N.Y.S. 2d New York Supplement Reporter, Second Series NYSE New York Stock Exchange NYSLA New York State Liquor Authority N.Y. Sup. New York Supreme Court Reports GALE ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN LAW, 3RD E DITION ABBREVIATIONS 511 NYU New York University OAAU Organization of Afro American Unity OAP Office of Administrative Procedure OAS Organization of American States OASDI Old-age, Survivors, and Disability Insurance Benefits OASHDS Office of the Assistant Secretary for Human Development Services OCC Office of Comptroller of the Currency OCED Office of Comprehensive Employment Development OCHAMPUS Office of Civilian Health and Medical Program of the Uniformed Services OCSE Office of Child Support Enforcement OEA Organización de los Estados Americanos OEM Original Equipment Manufacturer OFCCP Office of Federal Contract Compliance Programs OFPP Office of Federal Procurement Policy OIC Office of the Independent Counsel OICD Office of International Cooperation and Development OIG Office of the Inspector General OJARS Office of Justice Assistance, Research, and Statistics OMB Office of Management and Budget OMPC Office of Management, Planning, and Communications ONP Office of National Programs OPD Office of Policy Development OPEC Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries OPIC Overseas Private Investment Corporation Ops. Atts. Gen. Opinions of the Attorneys-General of the United States Ops. Comms. Opinions of the Commissioners OPSP Office of Product Standards Policy O.R. Ontario Reports OR Official Records OSHA Occupational Safety and Health Act OSHRC Occupational Safety and Health Review Commission OSM Office of Surface Mining OSS Office of Strategic Services OST Office of the Secretary OT Office of Transportation OTA Office of Technology Assessment OTC Over-the-counter OTS Office of Thrift Supervisors OUI Operating under the influence OVCI Offshore Voluntary Compliance Initiative OWBPA Older Workers Benefit Protection Act OWRT Office of Water Research and Technology P. Pacific Reporter P. 2d Pacific Reporter, Second Series PAC Political action committee Pa. Oyer and Terminer Pennsylvania Oyer and Terminer Reports PATCO Professional Air Traffic Controllers Organization PBGC Pension Benefit Guaranty Corporation PBS Public Broadcasting Service; Public Buildings Service P.C. Privy Council (English Law Reports) PC Personal computer; politically correct PCBs Polychlorinated biphenyls PCIJ Permanent Court of International Justice Series A-Judgments and Orders (1922–30) Series B-Advisory Opinions (1922–30) Series A/B-Judgments, Orders, and Advisory Opinions (1931–40) GALE ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN LAW, 3RD E DITION 512 ABBREVIATIONS Series C-Pleadings, Oral Statements, and Documents relating to Judgments and Advisory Opinions (1923–42) Series D-Acts and Documents concerning the Organization of the World Court (1922 –47) Series E-Annual Reports (1925–45) PCP Phencyclidine P.D. Probate Division, English Law Reports (1876–1890) PDA Pregnancy Discrimination Act of 1978 PD & R Policy Development and Research Pepco Potomac Electric Power Company Perm. Ct. of Arb. Permanent Court of Arbitration PES Post-Enumeration Survey Pet. Peters’ United States Supreme Court Reports PETA People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals PGA Professional Golfers Association PGM Program PHA Public Housing Agency Phila. Ct. of Oyer and Terminer Philadelphia Court of Oyer and Terminer PhRMA Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America PHS Public Health Service PIC Private Industry Council PICJ Permanent International Court of Justice Pick. Pickering’s Massachusetts Reports PIK Payment in Kind PINS Persons in need of supervision PIRG Public Interest Research Group P.L. Public Laws PLAN Pro-Life Action Network PLC Plaintiffs’ Legal Committee PLE Product liability expenses PLI Practicing Law Institute PLL Product liability loss PLLP Professional Limited Liability Partnership PLO Palestine Liberation Organization PLRA Prison Litigation Reform Act of 1995 PNET Peaceful Nuclear Explosions Treaty PONY Prostitutes of New York POW-MIA Prisoner of war-missing in action Pratt Frederic Thomas Pratt, Law of Contraband of War, with a Selection of Cases from Papers of the Right Honourable Sir George Lee (1856) PRIDE Prostitution to Independence, Dignity, and Equality Proc. Proceedings PRP Potentially responsible party PSRO Professional Standards Review Organization PTO Patents and Trademark Office PURPA Public Utilities Regulatory Policies Act PUSH People United to Serve Humanity PUSH-Excel PUSH for Excellence PWA Public Works Administration PWSA Ports and Waterways Safety Act of 1972 Q.B. Queen’s Bench (England) QTIP Qualified Terminable Interest Property Ralston’s Rept. Jackson Harvey Ralston, ed., Venezuelan Arbitrations of 1903 (1904) RC Regional Commissioner RCRA Resource Conservation and Recovery Act RCWP Rural Clean Water Program RDA Rural Development Administration REA Rural Electrification Administration Rec. des Decs. des Trib. Arb. Mixtes G. Gidel, ed., Recueil des décisions des tribunaux arbitraux mixtes, institués par les traités de paix (1922–30) Redmond Vol. 3 of Charles I. Bevans, Treaties and Other International Agreements of the United States of GALE ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN LAW, 3RD E DITION ABBREVIATIONS 513 America, 1776–1949 (compiled by C. F. Redmond) (1969) RESPA Real Estate Settlement Procedure Act of 1974 RFC Reconstruction Finance Corporation RFRA Religious Freedom Restoration Act of 1993 RIAA Recording Industry Association of America RICO Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations RLUIPA Religious Land Use and Institutionalized Persons Act RNC Republican National Committee Roscoe Edward Stanley Roscoe, ed., Reports of Prize Cases Determined in the High Court Admiralty before the Lords Commissioners of Appeals in Prize Causes and before the judicial Committee of the Privy Council from 1745 to 1859 (1905) ROTC Reserve Officers’ Training Corps RPP Representative Payee Program R.S. Revised Statutes RTC Resolution Trust Corp. RUDs Reservations, understandings, and declarations Ryan White CARE Act Ryan White Comprehensive AIDS Research Emergency Act of 1990 SAC Strategic Air Command SACB Subversive Activities Control Board SADD Students against Drunk Driving SAF Student Activities Fund SAIF Savings Association Insurance Fund SALT Strategic Arms Limitation Talks SALT I Strategic Arms Limitation Talks of 1969–72 SALT II Strategic Arms Limitation Talks of 1979 SAMHSA Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration Sandf. Sandford’s New York Superior Court Reports S and L Savings and loan SARA Superfund Amendment and Reauthorization Act SAT Scholastic Aptitude Test Sawy. Sawyer’s United States Circuit Court Reports SBA Small Business Administration SBI Small Business Institute SCCC South Central Correctional Center SCLC Southern Christian Leadership Conference Scott’s Repts. James Brown Scott, ed., The Hague Court Reports, 2 vols. (1916–32) SCS Soil Conservation Service; Social Conservative Service SCSEP Senior Community Service Employment Program S.Ct. Supreme Court Reporter S.D. Cal. Southern District, California S.D. Fla. Southern District, Florida S.D. Ga. Southern District, Georgia SDI Strategic Defense Initiative S.D. Me. Southern District, Maine S.D.N.Y. Southern District, New York SDS Students for a Democratic Society S.E. South Eastern Reporter S.E. 2d South Eastern Reporter, Second Series SEA Science and Education Administration SEATO Southeast Asia Treaty Organization SEC Securities and Exchange Commission Sec. Section SEEK Search for Elevation, Education and Knowledge SEOO State Economic Opportunity Office SEP Simplified employee pension plan Ser. Series Sess. Session SGLI Servicemen’s Group Life Insurance SIP State implementation plan SLA Symbionese Liberation Army GALE ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN LAW, 3RD E DITION 514 ABBREVIATIONS SLAPPs Strategic Lawsuits Against Public Participation SLBM Submarine-launched ballistic missile SNCC Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee So. Southern Reporter So. 2d Southern Reporter, Second Series SPA Software Publisher’s Association Spec. Sess. Special Session SPLC Southern Poverty Law Center SRA Sentencing Reform Act of 1984 SS Schutzstaffel (German, “Protection Echelon”) SSA Social Security Administration SSI Supplemental Security Income START I Strategic Arms Reduction Treaty of 1991 START II Strategic Arms Reduction Treaty of 1993 Stat. United States Statutes at Large STS Space Transportation Systems St. Tr. State Trials, English STURAA Surface Transportation and Uniform Relocation Assistance Act of 1987 Sup. Ct. of Justice, Mexico Supreme Court of Justice, Mexico Supp. Supplement S.W. South Western Reporter S.W. 2d South Western Reporter, Second Series SWAPO South-West Africa People’s Organization SWAT Special Weapons and Tactics SWP Socialist Workers Party TDP Trade and Development Program Tex. Sup. Texas Supreme Court Reports THAAD Theater High-Altitude Area Defense System THC Tetrahydrocannabinol TI Tobacco Institute TIA Trust Indenture Act of 1939 TIAS Treaties and Other International Acts Series (United States) TNT Trinitrotoluene TOP Targeted Outreach Program TPUS Transportation and Public Utilities Service TQM Total Quality Management Tripartite Claims Comm., Decs. and Ops. Tripartite Claims Commission (United States, Austria, and Hungary), Decisions and Opinions TRI-TAC Joint Tactical Communications TRO Temporary restraining order TS Treaty Series, United States TSCA Toxic Substance Control Act TSDs Transporters, storers, and disposers TSU Texas Southern University TTBT Threshold Test Ban Treaty TV Television TVA Tennessee Valley Authority TWA Trans World Airlines UAW United Auto Workers; United Automobile, Aerospace, and Agricultural Implements Workers of America U.C.C. Uniform Commercial Code; Universal Copyright Convention U.C.C.C. Uniform Consumer Credit Code UCCJA Uniform Child Custody Jurisdiction Act UCMJ Uniform Code of Military Justice UCPP Urban Crime Prevention Program UCS United Counseling Service UDC United Daughters of the Confederacy UFW United Farm Workers UHF Ultrahigh frequency UIFSA Uniform Interstate Family Support Act UIS Unemployment Insurance Service UMDA Uniform Marriage and Divorce Act GALE ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN LAW, 3RD E DITION ABBREVIATIONS 515 UMTA Urban Mass Transportation Administration U.N. United Nations UNCITRAL United Nations Commission on International Trade Law UNCTAD United Nations Conference on Trade and Development UN Doc. United Nations Documents UNDP United Nations Development Program UNEF United Nations Emergency Force UNESCO United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization UNICEF United Nations Children’s Fund (formerly United Nations International Children’s Emergency Fund) UNIDO United Nations Industrial and Development Organization Unif. L. Ann. Uniform Laws Annotated UN Repts. Intl. Arb. Awards United Nations Reports of International Arbitral Awards UNTS United Nations Treaty Series UPI United Press International URESA Uniform Reciprocal Enforcement of Support Act U.S. United States U.S.A. United States of America USAF United States Air Force USA PATRIOT Act Uniting and Strengthening America by Providing Appropriate Tools Required to Intercept and Obstruct Terrorism Act U.S. App. D.C. United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia U.S.C. United States Code; University of Southern California U.S.C.A. United States Code Annotated U.S.C.C.A.N. United States Code Congressional and Administrative News USCMA United States Court of Military Appeals USDA U.S. Department of Agriculture USES United States Employment Service USFA United States Fire Administration USFS U.S. Forest Service USGA United States Golf Association USICA International Communication Agency, United States USMS U.S. Marshals Service USOC U.S. Olympic Committee USSC U.S. Sentencing Commission USSG United States Sentencing Guidelines U.S.S.R. Union of Soviet Socialist Republics UST United States Treaties USTS United States Travel Service v. Versus VA Department of Veterans Affairs VAR Veterans Affairs and Rehabilitation Commission VAWA Violence against Women Act VFW Veterans of Foreign Wars VGLI Veterans Group Life Insurance Vict. Queen Victoria (Great Britain) VIN Vehicle identification number VISTA Volunteers in Service to America VJRA Veterans Judicial Review Act of 1988 V.L.A. Volunteer Lawyers for the Arts VMI Virginia Military Institute VMLI Veterans Mortgage Life Insurance VOCAL Victims of Child Abuse Laws VRA Voting Rights Act WAC Women’s Army Corps Wall. Wallace’s United States Supreme Court Reports Wash. 2d Washington Reports, Second Series GALE ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN LAW, 3RD E DITION 516 ABBREVIATIONS WAVES Women Accepted for Volunteer Service WCTU Women’s Christian Temperance Union W.D. Wash. Western District, Washington W.D. Wis. Western District, Wisconsin WEAL West’s Encyclopedia of American Law, Women’s Equity Action League Wend. Wendell’s New York Reports WFSE Washington Federation of State Employees Wheat. Wheaton’s United States Supreme Court Reports Wheel. Cr. Cases Wheeler’s New York Criminal Cases WHISPER Women Hurt in Systems of Prostitution Engaged in Revolt Whiteman Marjorie Millace Whiteman, Digest of International Law, 15 vols. (1963–73) WHO World Health Organization WIC Women, Infants, and Children program Will. and Mar. King William and Queen Mary (Great Britain) WIN WESTLAW Is Natural; Whip Inflation Now; Work Incentive Program WIPO World Intellectual Property Organization WIU Workers’ Industrial Union W.L.R. Weekly Law Reports, England WPA Works Progress Administration WPPDA Welfare and Pension Plans Disclosure Act WTO World Trade Organization WWI World War I WWII World War II Yates Sel. Cas. Yates’s New York Select Cases YMCA Young Men’s Christian Association YWCA Young Women’s Christian Association GALE ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN LAW, 3RD E DITION ABBREVIATIONS 517 . Reports GALE ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN LAW, 3RD E DITION ABBREVIATIONS 511 NYU New York University OAAU Organization of Afro American Unity OAP Office of Administrative Procedure OAS Organization of American. Review Commission OSM Office of Surface Mining OSS Office of Strategic Services OST Office of the Secretary OT Office of Transportation OTA Office of Technology Assessment OTC Over-the-counter OTS Office of Thrift Supervisors OUI. Compliance Programs OFPP Office of Federal Procurement Policy OIC Office of the Independent Counsel OICD Office of International Cooperation and Development OIG Office of the Inspector General OJARS Office of