Đáp Án life Anh văn 2 full - Đại học Công thương HUIT

UNIT1: LIFESTYLE

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1a How well do you sleep?

Vocabulary everyday routines

1 Work in pairs Match the two parts of the expressions for everyday routines Then describe your typical day using some of the expressions

Ví dụ: I usually stay up until midnight reading a book, so I often get up about 8 am

feeling tired I take a shower and have breakfast before starting work I work long hours, usually until 7 pm, so I often get home late from work Sometimes I watch TV to relax before going to bed I like to do some exercise in the morning, so I usually go for a jog or do some yoga before starting my workday

Grammar present simple and adverbs of frequency

4 Look at these sentences from the questionnaire Match the sentences (1-2) with their uses (a-b)

1- b) to talk about habits and routines

2- a) to talk about things that are always true

Explanation:

This sentence is talking about a habit or routine of working long hours and getting home late The use of present simple tense with an adverb of frequency "long hours" and "late" indicates that the action is a routine or habit

This sentence is stating a fact that is always true The use of present simple tense with a specific number "eight hours" indicates that this is a general truth, not related to a specific time or situation

From birth, we spend a third of our lives asleep, but scientists still do not know exactly

why

Why do we have problems sleeping?

In modern society, many adults do not get the seven or eight hours of sleep they need every night We work long hours and we rarely go to bed at sunset

Why do we sleep differently?

It depends on the time of year and also our age Teenagers usually need more sleep than adults Lots of elderly people do not sleep longer than four or five hours at night, but they often take naps during the day

7 Discuss the questions

1 What time do you and your friends normally get up? How late do you stay up?

2 Does anyone in your family ever take a nap in the afternoon?

3 How does this change during the year? Do people sleep longer in the summer or in the winter?

Answer

1 The time that you and your friends normally get up may vary depending on your lifestyle and work schedule Some people may wake up early in the morning and stay up late at night, while others may prefer to sleep in and go to bed earlier It also depends on the age group, as younger people tend to stay up later than older adults

2 Yes, some people in my family take naps in the afternoon, especially during weekends or when they feel tired

3 Seasonal changes can affect people's sleep patterns, as days tend to be longer in the summer and shorter in the winter In general, people may sleep longer in the winter due to the lack of daylight and colder temperatures, while in the summer, they may stay up later due to the longer daylight hours and warmer weather However, this varies

depending on the individual and their personal preferences

8 Look at the list Then underline the adverbs of frequency in the questionnaire and write the adverbs in the list

9 Look at the grammar box Notice the position of the adverbs and expressions of frequency in the sentences Then choose the correct options to complete the rules (1-2)

1 An adverb of frequency goes before the main verb, but after the verb to be

2 An expression of frequency usually goes at the beginning, middle or end of a sentence

10 Put the adverb or expression in brackets in the correct place in the sentence Sometimes there is more than one correct answer

1 My brother always plays tennis on Saturday mornings

2 We eat out at a restaurant about once a month

3 I take a bus to school every day

4 She rarely is at home in the middle of the day OR She is rarely at home in the middle of the day

5 They go on holiday twice a year

6 Do you often late for work? OR Do you often arrive late for work?

11 Work in pairs Find out about your partner's habits Ask questions with How often ? and these ideas Answer using an adverb or expression of frequency

A: How often do you eat out?

B: I eat out in restaurants about once a week

A: How often do you take public transport?

B: I take public transport every day to go to work

A: How often do you check your phone for messages?

B: I check my phone for messages several times a day

A: How often do you go on holiday?

B: I go on holiday once a year

12 Work in groups Prepare a questionnaire about lifestyle for another group Start each question with How often ? Are you often ? or Do you often ? and offer three choices of answer (A, B or C)

1 How often do you exercise? A) Every day B) Several times a week C) Rarely

2 Are you often stressed at work? A) Yes, all the time B) Sometimes C) Rarely

3 How often do you check your emails? A) Every hour B) A few times a day C) Once a day

4 Do you often eat fast food? A) Yes, several times a week B) Sometimes C) Rarely

5 How often do you read books? A) Every day B) Several times a week C) Rarely

13 Work with another group and ask your questions from Exercise (12) Tell the class about the other group's answers

Group 1: They exercise several times a week, are sometimes stressed at work, check their emails a few times a day, rarely eat fast food, and read books several times a week

Group 2: They exercise every day, are rarely stressed at work, check their emails once a day, sometimes eat fast food, and read books every day

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1b The secrets of a long long life

1 Who is the oldest person you know? How old is he or she? How healthy is their lifestyle?

Ex:The oldest person I know is my grandmother She is 90 years old and has a very healthy lifestyle She eats a balanced diet, exercises regularly, and takes daily walks in

the park She also enjoys doing crossword puzzles to keep her mind active Despite her age, she is still very independent and enjoys spending time with her family

2 Work in pairs Read the article The Secrets of a Long Life Answer the questions

1 Okinawa Island is in Japan

2 Okinawa Island is famous for having a high number of centenarians, men and women who live beyond one hundred years of age

3 The people of Okinawa Island eat food that they catch and grow themselves, including fish, fruit, and vegetables

4 I do gardening, but I do not go fishing or cycling However, I do spend time with friends and exercise regularly

Wordbuilding collocations with do, play and go

3 Read the article again and find the collocations with do, play and go

4 Add these activities to the table in Exercise 3 Use a dictionary if necessary Then think of one more activity for each verb.

5 Work in pairs Tell your partner about people you know using the collocations in the table My brother does karate He's a black belt

A: My sister plays tennis She's been playing since she was a child

B: That's cool I know someone who plays the piano He's a professional pianist

A: Wow, that's impressive I have a friend who goes hiking every weekend

B: That sounds like fun I know someone who does yoga She's really flexible

Trang 13 Grammar present simple and present continuous

9 Look at the sentences from the interview Which two sentences use the present simple? Why?

- "Men live to the same age as women." (a general truth)

- "Every Sunday the whole family eats a big meal together." (a routine or habit)

10 To form the present continuous, use the verb "to be" in the present simple followed by the present participle (-ing) of the main verb The formula is: [subject] + [am/is/are] + [verb]-ing

For example:

- I am studying English

- She is watching a movie

- They are playing soccer

11 We use the present continuous to talk about something happening now or around now Match the three present continuous sentences in Exercise (9) with the specific uses (a - c)

- "He's speaking to us right now on the phone." (c - something actually in progress now)

- "Also, young people are moving to the city these days, so they are doing less exercise because of their lifestyle." (b - something happening around now, but not necessarily at this exact moment)

- "Well, one man is trying to answer these questions and that man is photographer David McLain." (a - to talk about a changing situation)

12 Complete the sentences with the present simple or present continuous form of these verbs

1 We are learning a new language at the moment

2 My friends and I often spend time at each other's houses

3 Can you wait a moment? I am checking my emails

4 How often do you go to the gym?

5 I am reading a really interesting book at the moment

6 Currently, a friend of mine is not eating sweets and he says he feels healthier

7 I am not playing any sports at the moment, but I used to exercise regularly

8 More old people are playing computer games these days It is not just the young people

Speaking

13 Write pairs of questions Use the present simple in one question, and the present continuous in the other

1 a) How do you usually spend your free time?

b) Are you doing much sport these days?

2 a) Do you often read novels?

b) Are you reading any good books at the moment?

3 a) Where do you normally go on holiday?

b) Where do you plan to go this year?

4 a) Do you speak any other languages?

b) Are you learning any new languages?

14 Work in pairs Ask and answer your questions from Exercise 13

Example conversation:

A: How do you usually spend your free time?

B: I like to read books and watch movies Are you doing much sport these days?

A: Not really, I've been busy with work Do you often read novels?

B: Yes, I love reading Actually, I'm reading a really good book at the moment Have you read any good books lately?

A: Not recently, I've been meaning to though Where do you normally go on holiday?

B: I usually go to the beach, but this year I'm planning to go to Europe How about you?

A: I usually go camping with my family, but this year we haven't decided yet Do you speak any other languages?

B: Yes, I speak Spanish fluently Are you learning any new languages?

A: I'm trying to learn French, but it's been a bit challenging

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Reading

2 Read the article Match the topics (a - c) with the paragraphs in the article (1 - 3)

a - Paragraph 1: how much time we spend outdoors c - Paragraph 2: studies by doctors

b - Paragraph 3: making nature part of city life

3 Read the article again Answer the questions

1 Most people think that nature is good for us, it's good for our bodies and good for our brains

2 The main change in how people spend their time is that they are spending more time inside and less time outside

3 The number of visitors to Canada's national parks is getting lower every year 4 After the maths test, some people looked at nature in a 3D-virtual-reality room

with pictures and sounds of nature 5 Healthier people in Toronto lived near parks 6 In Dubai, they are going to build a new shopping mall with a large garden so

shoppers can relax outside with trees, plants, and water 7 In Switzerland, children can study in forests at "forest schools." 8 Around 13 million people visit the new forests near cities in South Korea every

year

Word focus feel

5 Complete the questions with these words

1 What do you usually feel like doing after a day at work? 2 Do you feel that nature is good for us? Why or why not? 3 After a difficult day, what makes you feel better in the evening?

6 Work in pairs Take turns to ask and answer the questions from Exercise 5

A: What do you usually feel like doing after a day at work? B: Going for a run in my local park and then eating dinner Sometimes I go out and meet friends

A: That sounds like a great way to unwind Do you feel that nature is good for us? B: Absolutely I think spending time in nature has many benefits for our physical and mental health It can help reduce stress and improve our mood

A: I totally agree After a difficult day, what makes you feel better in the evening? B: I like to take a long walk in the park or by the river Being surrounded by nature helps me relax and forget about the stresses of the day How about you?

A: I usually like to do some yoga or meditation to clear my mind and calm my nerves It helps me feel more centered and peaceful And I definitely agree that spending time in nature is important for our well-being

Critical thinking giving examples

7 When writers give an opinion in an article, they often support the idea with examples Look at these sentences from paragraph 1 Which sentence has the main idea? Which sentences give examples?

- The main idea is in sentence b - Sentence a and c provide examples to support the main idea

9 Complete these sentences in your own words Use examples from your own life Then tell your partner

1 I relax in my free time in different ways For example, I like to read books, watch movies, or listen to music Sometimes I also enjoy going for a walk or spending time with friends

2 My home town has some places with trees and nature, such as a large park with a lake and a botanical garden There are also some hiking trails in the nearby hills that offer beautiful views of the city

3 There are some beautiful national parks in my country A good example is Phong Nha-Ke Bang National Park, which is home to some of the largest and most spectacular caves in the world Another example is Cat Ba National Park, which has a diverse range of flora and fauna and is located on a beautiful island in the Gulf of Tonkin

11 Discuss the ideas in your group and choose the best idea Give reasons and examples

Group discussion: -Person 1: I think the new park with a children's play area is the best idea because it will encourage families to spend more time outside and be active together

-Person 2: I agree, but I also think the running track in the park is a good idea because it will provide a designated space for people to exercise and improve their fitness

-Person 3: I like the idea of the bridge across the river with a garden because it will create a beautiful and peaceful space for people to relax and enjoy nature

-Person 4: I think the cycle paths are the best idea because they will encourage people to use alternative modes of transportation, which is good for the environment, and also provide a safe and convenient way for people to exercise and get around town

12 Present your idea to the class Then compare your ideas Try to agree on the best idea

-Our group suggests installing outdoor exercise stations in public parks or along walking paths to promote physical activity and healthy living in our community These stations provide free and accessible ways for people to exercise and can lead to improved physical health, mental well-being, and a sense of community

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1d At th doctor’s

Vocabulary medical problem

1 Look at the pictures

f 2 - I take medicine or pills g 3 - I go to the pharmacy or see my doctor h 2 - I take medicine or pills

6 Match the beginnings of the sentences (1-9) with the endings (a-i) Use the expressions for talking about illness to help you

1 c - Have you got an earache? 2 i - You should take one of these pills 3 a - This medicine is good for stomach ache 4 f - Try drinking hot water with honey and lemon 5 b - Why don't you buy some cough sweets? 6 d - If you still feel ill, then come back and see me again 7 h - Do you feel sick at all?

8 e - You need to take care of your sore throat 9 g - Do you have a temperature?

7 Work in pairs

Roleplay 1: Student A: I've got a headache Student B: How do you feel? Have you taken anything for it? Student A: I feel really bad No, I haven't taken anything yet Student B: You should take some paracetamol or ibuprofen That should help relieve the pain

Roleplay 2: Student A: I've got a bad cough Student B: Do you feel sick at all? Student A: Yes, I feel really tired and weak

Student B: You need to rest and drink lots of fluids You could also try some cough syrup or lozenges to help with the cough If you still feel ill after a few days, you should see a doctor

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1e Personal information

Writing filling in a form

1 Work in pairs Discuss these questions

As a university student in Vietnam, I often fill in course registration forms which require my personal details, course preferences, academic performance, and possible special needs This form is necessary for me to enroll in the courses I need and plan my schedule for the upcoming semester

3 Writing skill information on forms

A 1 - Marital status 2 - Medication information 3 - Children information 4 - Country of birth 5 - City/town of birth 6 - Emergency contact information 7 - Middle name initial

B Look at the forms again Answer these questions Then check your answers on page 155

1 DOB = Date of birth 2 Mr = Mister (for men), Mrs = Mistress (for married women), Ms = Miss

(for unmarried women), Dr = Doctor (for medical professionals)

3 The form for emergency contact information does not want you to write in case letters

lower-4 Work in pairs Design a form for new students at a language school

Please fill in the following information: 1 Personal Information:

• Full Name: • Gender: • Date of Birth: • Nationality: • Contact Number: • Email Address: 2 Language Course Information: • Course Name:

• Course Level: • Course Duration: • Start Date:

3 Education Background: • Highest Level of Education Completed: • Name of Institution:

• Location of Institution: • Year of Completion: 4 Language Proficiency: • Native Language: • Other Languages Spoken: • Proficiency Level in English: 5 Emergency Contact Information: • Full Name of Contact Person:

• Relationship to Student: • Contact Number:

• Email Address:

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1 Look at the photo What sport is it? Do you like this kind of sport?

1 This sport is swimming

2 Yes, I do Because swimming is a popular sport that offers numerous benefits such as improving cardiovascular health, building endurance, toning muscles, and reducing stress

3 Look at these words from the same family Which word is:

1 compete (verb) 2 competitive (adjective) 3 competition (noun - thing) 4 competitor (noun - person)

4 Complete the questions with the words from Exercise 3 Then ask and answer the questions with a partner

1 In sport, are you normally a competitor or a spectator? 2 Do you ever compete in sports?

3 What types of competition do you like? 4 Are you a competitive person? Why? / Why not?

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2a Crazy competitions!

Reading

1 Look at the title of the article and the two photos Why do you think the competitions are 'crazy?

The competitions are likely called "crazy" because they involve unusual or unexpected challenges, such as racing with a shopping cart or playing football in deep mud

2 Read the article Which competition is a race between different teams? Which is a match between two teams?

The Idiotarod is a race between different teams, while the Mud Bowl Championship is a match between two teams

4 Which of the two sports would you like to play or watch? Do you have any crazy competitions in your country?

- I would like to play and watch The Idiotarod because it seems like a fun and unique competition with a shopping cart as the main prop

- Yes, there are many unique and interesting competitions held in Vietnam, such as the buffalo fighting festival in Do Son, the boat racing festival in Quang Binh, and the fish catching festival in Nghe An These events showcase different aspects of Vietnamese culture and traditions

7 How many different kinds of race can you think of?

6 Work in pairs Answer these questions

1 How many different kinds of race can you think of? • There are many different kinds of races, such as running races, swimming races,

cycling races, horse races, car races, and boat races 2 How many players are there in your favourite team sports? • My favorite team sport is football, and there are eleven players on each side 3 What are the names of the sports teams in your town or city?

- The names of football sports teams in my city are: Ho Chi Minh City FC, Sai Gon FC, Binh Duong FC, Song Lam Nghe An FC (Ho Chi Minh City branch), Dong Nai FC (Ho Chi Minh City branch), An Giang FC (Ho Chi Minh City branch)

4 In what games do you score goals and in what games do you score points? • In games like football, hockey, and basketball, you score goals In games like

tennis, volleyball, and badminton, you score points However, there are some sports where you can score either goals or points, depending on the specific rules of the game

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Grammar verbs for rules

7 Look at the sentences in the grammar box Complete the explanations (a-d) with the verbs in bold in the grammar box

a We use "must" or "have to" when rules say it's obligatory b We use "can" when it's allowed in the rules

c We use "don't have to" when something is not obligatory but is allowed by the rules d We use “can’t” or "mustn't" when it isn't allowed in the rules

8 Choose the correct option to complete the sentences about different sports

1 In golf, you have to hit the ball into nine or eighteen holes 2 Competitors mustn't argue with the referee

3 In football, a goalkeeper is the only player who can pick up the ball 4 Players can't throw the ball backwards in rugby

5 A referee mustn't send a player off the pitch when he breaks the rules of the game 6 In table tennis, the ball can't hit the table

7 In tennis, the players don't have to win every point to win a match

5 A player must announce when their opponent's king is in check 6 A player cannot touch a piece and then change their mind and move a different

piece 7 A player cannot move a piece that puts or leaves their own king in check

11 Work with another pair Take turns to explain your rules Ask questions if you don't understand

- For the World Chess Championship, do players have to use a specific type of chessboard or pieces?

- Can a player move their pieces diagonally?

- How is a draw decided in the World Chess Championship? Trang 24

2b Winning and losing

Wordbuilding suffixes

1 Are any of the sportspeople in the photos famous in your country? Match the people with these words

tennis player - venus williams

runner – Usain Bolt

footballer – Lionel Messi

athlete - Jessica Ennis-Hill

2 Look at the wordbuilding box What is the word for a person who:

1 boxer 2 motorcyclist 3 baseball player 4 swimmer 5 chess player 6 racing driver 7 gymnast 8 surfer

3 Who are the most famous sportspeople in your country? What type of sportspeople are they? (e.g a footballer, an athlete)

Nguyễn Công Phượng is very famous in my country He's a footballer He is one of the most famous football players in Vietnam and has played an important role in many matches of the Vietnamese national team

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8 Work in groups Discuss the opinions in Exercise 6 Answer these questions

1 Which opinions do you agree with? I think that opinions 1, 4, 5, 6, and 9 are valid

2 Which do you disagree with? I disagree with opinions 2, 7, and 8

3 Are there any other reasons for or against competitive sports in schools? Additional reasons for competitive sports: building self-discipline, time management, and leadership skills Arguments against: risk of injuries, pressure to win, and potential for discrimination

Grammar -ing form

9 Look at the grammar box Underline the verbs in the -ing form Then match them with the uses of the -ing form (a - c)

here are three verbs in the -ing form in the provided text: 1 Learning

2 Teaching 3 Losing Matched with the uses of the -ing form: a Learning (as in "Learning to win and lose is important in a child's education") is used as the subject of the sentence

b Teaching (as in "Competitive sports in schools are good for teaching children") comes after the verb 'for' and is used to show the purpose or reason for something

c Losing (as in "Some parents hate losing") comes after the preposition 'of' and is used as the object of the preposition

10 Put the words in order to make quotes by famous sportspeople Then match the ing forms with the uses (a-c) in Exercise 9

-1 "I never thought of losing." - Muhammed Ali, boxer 2 "I just love winning." - Ayrton Senna, racing driver 3 "A champion isn't afraid of losing." - Billie Jean King, tennis player 4 "I hate losing." - Sachin Tendulkar, cricketer

5 "I'm more worried about being a good person than being the best football player." - Lionel Messi, footballer

6 "Winning isn't everything, swimming is." - Mark Spitz, swimmer

11 Choose the correct options to complete this conversation Then listen and check

A: What's on TV? B: Cycling from France It's the Tour de France I love watching it A: Oh no! I think it's boring!

B: I really enjoy seeing them on the mountains A: Sitting in front of the TV all day is not exciting I'm bored with doing nothing Are you any good at tennis? We could play this afternoon

B: But I want to watch this A: I see Are you afraid of losing?

Speaking

your partner likes Then complete the sentences

1 I love watching basketball, but my partner doesn't enjoy it 2 I think golf is boring, but my partner loves playing it! 3 We both enjoy going to the movies, but we hate doing yard work.

4 I'm good at playing soccer, but my partner isn't 5 My partner likes going to the gym, but I prefer doing yoga at home

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2c Bolivian wrestlers

Reading

1:Discuss the questions

1 In my country, there are quite a lot of people who watch boxing and wrestling 2 Some people may dislike these types of sports due to their high level of danger or

violence 3 I think that boxing and wrestling are very popular sports with many fans, but I also

understand why some people may not like them because of their level of danger and violence

2 Read the article about wrestling in Bolivia Which paragraph (1-5) describes:

a the two wrestlers before the fight? 2

b the popularity of male and female wrestling in Bolivia? 1

c Yolanda's family life? 4

d the reason why a fan watches it? 5

e the fight between the two wrestlers? 3

3 Find words in the article for these definitions

1 entertainment 2 ring

3 crowd 4 commentator 5 go crazy 6 fans 7 salary

4 An article doesn't always tell us about how the people feel, but we can often guess Match the people from the article (1-3) with the sentences (a-c)

1 Yolanda - b 'I feel wonderful every time I go out there.' 2 One of Yolanda's daughters - a 'I don't like the days when the wrestling happens.' 3 Esperanza - c 'Life is very hard for people like me.'

Word focus like

6 Look at the word like in these sentences Match the sentences (1-4) with the uses (a-d)

1a 2c 3d 4a

7 Match these questions with like (1-4) with the answers (a-d)

1b 2c 3a 4b

8 Work in pairs Take turns to ask the questions from Exercise 7 and give your own answers

Example conversation: Person A: What do you like doing at the weekend? Person B: I usually like to go hiking or visit museums Person B: What kind of music do you like?

Person A: I like all kinds of music, but I especially enjoy listening to jazz and classical Person A: Are you like anyone in your family?

Person B: Yes, I've been told that I look a lot like my older sister Person B: Where would you like to go on holiday next?

Person A: I would love to visit Japan and explore its culture and history

9 Work in groups Can you say ten sports in the Olympic Games?

-Athletics, swimming, gymnastics, cycling, tennis, volleyball, basketball, football (soccer), boxing, weightlifting, wrestling, fencing, judo, taekwondo, table tennis, badminton, rowing, canoeing, kayaking, sailing, shooting, archery, triathlon, modern pentathlon

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2d Joining a group

Speaking

1 Work as a class or in groups Interview different people Find someone who:

1 Are you a member of any teams or clubs? Which one(s)? 2 Do you have to go to regular meetings as part of your membership? How often? 3 Do you pay to be a member of any team or club?

Do you compete with your team or club, or is it more for recreational purposes?

Real life talking about interests

2 Look at the adverts Which information (1-4) is in each advert? Underline the information

For advert A (running group): • When the club meets: 7 p.m every Wednesday • Reasons to join: Get fit, make new friends, non-competitive and fun • How to contact the club: Call Mike for details on 0776 58945

For advert B (photography club): • The membership fee: Entry fee is 15 euros (including membership)

• Reasons to join: Regular speakers, summer photography competition with a chance to win a new XP8ii camera

• How to contact the club: Visit www.bartonphotoclub.com to join For advert C (theatre group):

• When the club meets: Twice a week starting from 2nd April • Reasons to join: Have fun, be part of a musical comedy, enthusiasm is more

important than talent • How to contact the club: Write to Mandy Giles on mandy76@dmail.com

6 Pronunciation silent letters

Some letters in English words are not pronounced Listen to these words from the conversation and cross out the silent letters Then listen again and repeat

1 interested - t 2 should - l 3 friends - d 4 write - w 5 half - l 6 what – t

7 Work in pairs Discuss the questions

1 Would you like to join one of the clubs in Exercise 2? Why? / Why not? • Well, I'm interested in the running group because I want to improve my fitness and

meet new people It sounds like a fun and non-competitive way to exercise I might give Mike a call to find out more information

• I'm not very good at photography, but the Barton Photography Club sounds interesting because they have regular speakers and a summer photography competition with a chance to win a new camera However, the entry fee is a bit expensive for me, so I might not join

• I love musicals and acting, so I would definitely like to join the theatre group Even though I don't have much talent, I think it would be fun to be part of a musical comedy and meet new people I'll definitely write to Mandy Giles to find out more information

2 What other types of clubs would you like to join? Why would you like to join them?

• I would like to join a language exchange club because I want to improve my English skills and meet people from different cultures It would be a great opportunity to practice speaking and learn more about other countries

• I'm interested in joining a book club because I love reading and discussing books with others It would be a great way to discover new authors and perspectives, and to meet people who share my interests

• I would like to join a cooking club because I enjoy trying new recipes and learning new cooking techniques It would be a fun way to improve my cooking skills and meet people who love food

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2e Advertising for members

Writing an advert or notice

1 What makes a good advert and a bad advert? Think about adverts you like and don't like in magazines, on TV or online

- A good advert catches attention, conveys its message effectively, provides relevant information, and has visually appealing graphics

- A bad advert fails to engage the reader, provides too much irrelevant information, is visually unappealing, and poorly targets its audience

2 Read the advice about how to write effective adverts and notices Then look at the adverts in Exercise 2 Answer these questions

1 The advert for the Barton Photography Club follows most of the advice, as it has a good headline that asks people to join and offers a prize for joining before a

certain date It also explains the reasons for joining, such as having access to regular speakers and a photography competition It includes important information about the entry fee and the website to join, as well as a picture of a camera

2 The running group advert could be improved by including a more engaging headline that asks a question or solves a problem, and offering a prize or special promotion for joining It could also explain more clearly the benefits of joining the group, such as improving fitness and meeting new people Including a picture of people running could also make the advert more visually appealing

3 Work in pairs You are going to plan a new club Discuss the questions

1 Our club is a hiking group

2 The club is for nature lovers and hikers of all levels

3 Members must follow safety guidelines and respect nature and others

4 Membership fee is $20/month with discounts on hiking gear

5 The club meets once a week on Saturdays with occasional weekend trips

4 Plan and write an advert for your club

Join our Hiking Club! $20/month membership fee includes access to organized hikes & discounts on gear All levels welcome Hikes range from easy to moderate Saturday meetings with weekend trips Contact us at hikingclub@email.com

5 Writing skill checking your writing

a 1 Would you like to learn a musical instrument? (no mistake) 2 Enter our exciting competition! (Sp)

3 Are you good at playing tennis? (ww)

4 We meet on Tuesdays and Thursdays (Prep) 5 It's a fun way to get fit (no mistake)

6 Join this new club! (wo) 7 Get healthy and practice yoga (ww) 8 Call Peter on 0772 375 980 (Sp) b There are no mistakes in the advert from Exercise 4 Trang 33

7 Go out in the evening to a party or restaurant: I would prefer to take a taxi or drive my car to go out in the evening to a party or restaurant because it's more convenient and safer

8 Take children to school: I would prefer to take my children to school by car or on foot, depending on the distance and the weather

9 Commute to your place of work or study: I would prefer to take a bus or a train to commute to my place of work or study because it's more efficient and I don't have to worry about parking

10 Go shopping: I would prefer to take a car or a bus to go shopping because it's more convenient and I can carry more stuff

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Reading

1 Work in pairs Answer the questions

1 How do you go to your place of work or study?

• I usually go to my university by motorbike

• Sometimes, I take the bus or walk to my university 2 Do you use public transport?

• Yes, I use public transport when I need to go to places that are farther away

• No, I prefer to use my own vehicle or walk to nearby places 3 Are there often traffic problems?

• Yes, there are often traffic problems during rush hours

2 Read the article about four solutions to transport problems Match the paragraphs (A - D) with the photos (1-4)

Vocabulary transport nouns

4 Find these compound nouns in the article Match the nouns with the definitions 7)

(1-1 Speed limit 2 Traffic jam 3 Rush hour

4 Fuel costs 5 Emissions 6 City centres 7 Container ships

5 Work in pair Discuss the questions

1 Which of the four transport solutions in the article do you think are a good idea?

All of the transport solutions mentioned in the article have the potential to be good ideas depending on the context:

-Driverless cars can increase safety and reduce emissions

-The monorail in New Zealand can offer a unique and eco-friendly solution for traffic congestion,

-the use of wind power on container ships can reduce fuel costs and emissions

-Hyperloop can offer a very fast and efficient mode of transport for longer distances

2 Which traffic problems will they solve in your area?

The specific traffic problems that each solution can solve will depend on the area and the context: Driverless cars and the Hyperloop can potentially reduce traffic congestion on highways and in city centers, while the monorail in New Zealand can offer a solution for commuters stuck in traffic during rush hour The use of wind power on container ships can help reduce emissions and fuel costs in areas with heavy shipping traffic

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Grammar comparatives and superlatives

7 Listen again these sentences Choose the correct option in

1 Eight thirty is the worst time for traffic 2 My bicycle is faster than your car in the rush hour! 3 I travel further than you

4 They're best for the environment

5 They're better but they're also more expensive 6 A new electric car is the most expensive type of car 7 The fastest bus takes over an hour

8 Look at the grammar box Answer these questions

1 We add -er to short adjectives (fast, cheap, etc.) to form comparative adjectives and -est to form superlative adjectives

For example: fast - faster - fastest, cheap - cheaper - cheapest 2 We use most before longer adjectives to make the superlative For example: beautiful - more beautiful - most beautiful

3 The comparative and superlative forms of the irregular adjectives are: far - farther/further - farthest/furthest, good - better - best, bad - worse - worst 4 The word often comes after a comparative adjective is "than" For example: This

car is faster than that one The word normally comes before a superlative adjective is "the"

For example: This is the fastest car

10 Complete this report about a transport survey Write the correct comparative or

superlative form of the adjectives

Report on local transport

For commuting and daytime travel in our town, the most popular form of transport is the bus because it's cheaper than going by car or taxi However, some people in the survey want better cycle paths because the bus is slower than a bicycle in the rush hour Everyone said that parking in the town centre is the biggest problem, so people don't often use their cars As a result, taxis are more popular than private cars in the evenings, even though taxis are the most expensive type of transport

Speaking 11 Work in pairs Make comparative and superlative sentences with these transport words and adjectives How many sentences can you make in three minutes?

• Cars are cheaper than taxis, but bicycles are the cheapest mode of transport

• Taxis are more expensive than buses, but planes are the most expensive mode of transport

• Buses are slower than motorbikes, but bicycles are the slowest mode of transport

• Cars are more popular than trains, but taxis are the most popular mode of transport

• Taxis are worse than buses, but motorbikes are the worst mode of transport

• Ships are safer than planes, but bicycles are the safest mode of transport

• Motorbikes are quicker than cars, but trains are the quickest mode of transport

• Buses are good for the environment, but planes are the best mode of transport in terms of speed

• Taxis are bad for the environment, but bicycles are the best mode of transport in terms of sustainability

12 Find out about your partner's journey to work or college Ask these questions

1 How far do you travel to work or college? Partner: I travel about 10 kilometers to get to college

2 And how long does it take you to get there? Partner: It takes me around 45 minutes to an hour, depending on traffic

3 That's quite a long journey How much does it cost you every week? Partner: It costs me around 30,000 VND per day, so about 150,000 VND per week

13 Make sentences comparing your journeys

- The distance from my home to the library is shorter than the distance from my home to the gym

- It takes me less time to get to school in the morning than it takes me to get to work in the afternoon

- The Huskies could be in a cold climate region like Alaska, while the camel could be in the Sahara in Africa or the Gobi in Asia

- Using animals for transportation in these regions has advantages such as their ability to move well on snow or to withstand high temperatures in deserts Animals can also access remote areas, and using them for transportation is more environmentally friendly than using motorized vehicles

Grammar as as

4 Look at the grammar box and answer these questions

a) Sentence 1 and sentence 2 say two things are the same or equal b) Sentence 3 and sentence 4 say two things are different, and one thing is less than the other

5 Read the first sentence Then complete the second sentence Use as as or not as as and the adjective in brackets

2 A train from England to France is not as slow as a ferry

3 In the New York rush hour, cycling to work is not as fast as going by bus 4 Cycling in Germany is as popular as in Finland

5 London Heathrow airport is not as busy as Atlanta airport Trang 37

Vocabulary transport adjectives

8 Read part of a news article about taxis in London What does it compare?

The news article compares the traditional black cabs in London to private hire taxis such as Uber, Karhoo, or Addison Lee It compares their convenience, comfort,

punctuality, cost, speed, and reliability in different traffic conditions

9 Find these words in the article Then match them with the definitions (1 - 6)

convenient - 5 It's near or easy to use traditional - 3 It's always been the same frequent - 2 It comes often or regularly punctual - 1 It's always on time

comfortable - 4 It's nice to sit in reliable - 6 It does what you need it to

10 Look at the grammar box Complete these rules with the correct modifiers

1 To talk about a small difference, we use a bit or a little before a comparative adjective 2 To talk about a big difference, we use much or a lot before a comparative adjective

11 Work in pairs Look at the information about transport for visitors to London Write sentences using these ideas and comparative modifiers

1 A London bus is a lot less expensive than a black cab 2 London buses are more frequent than river boats 3 The river boat is more comfortable than a London bus 4 A black cab is more convenient than a London bus

12 Make three more sentences with comparative modifiers using the information about London transport in Exercise 11

• The river boat is more expensive than a London bus, but it's also more comfortable and scenic

• A black cab is a lot more expensive than a London bus, but it's also more convenient and faster in heavy traffic

• Although London buses are more frequent than river boats, the latter is a more enjoyable way to see the city's famous landmarks along the Thames River

13 What advice would you give a visitor who arrives in your country for the first time? What are the best ways to get around? Tell your partner

If a visitor arrives in Vietnam for the first time, I would recommend them to plan their transportation options in advance There are various ways to get around such as buses, taxis, motorbike taxis, and ride-hailing services like Grab However, it's important to be aware of the traffic conditions and consider the travel time accordingly For short distances, a motorbike taxi or ride-hailing service could be a good option, while for longer distances, buses or taxis may be more suitable Additionally, it's always a good idea to have a map or GPS device to navigate around the city

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3c The end of the road

Reading

2 Read the article Which paragraph talks about:

a Paragraph 2 talks about why people like rickshaws in Kolkata b Paragraph 3 talks about modern transport in Kolkata

e Paragraph 3 talks about the end of the old rickshaws in Kolkata

3 Read the article again and answer the questions

1 Kolkata has a population of around 15 million people 2 Kolkata is noisy due to traffic jams with cars, public buses, taxis, motorbikes, and pedicabs Drivers honk their horns from morning to night

3 The old parts of the city have smaller streets which are better if pedestrians go on foot Cars can't drive down them, so they are much quieter and a lot safer