bí quyết hệ thống hóa và tăng cường từ vựng tiếng anh nxb thanh niên 2012 hồng đức 464 trang

Từ vựng mới được trình bày theo cách thức dễ nhận biết dành cho học viên cùng với các bài tập thực hành theo sau ngay lập tức, thường là nằm trên cùng trang.. Ở cuối một module có bài lậ

crane pets hadnt Hy

1 NÀNG n1 5x4 của bạn trong phan answer key

\ SOU AND IDMASMAEMf T3) bse the vocabulary to Hay dang td ving wrile or speak about z + yourself in ABOUT đề chính mình YOU! or ABOET viết và nói về mình

YOUR COUNTRY và đất nước của mình

‘There's more practice in the review nits wad on the CD-ROM

Có nhiều bài thực hành trong các unit ôn lập và trên CD- ROM

Use the cover card to test yourscll

Dùng đĩa để tự trắc nghiệm

B How to learn new word - Cách học từ mới

Perfect Weekend Channel Five cae

, get to know sb med,

—Ố l Wednesday là p m " Pe me becomefriends š

4 ~ oa TV drama about a group sai young z people who ‘one another each o

` sotto know one another at university, and now, get together fof iwi five years later, get together io 4 weekend social reason

But things soon go wrong John doesn’t get on ‘

` À ve Thôn min mugtigheatebrgk — 990 n91xi dc common, while Pete regrets the fact that he split up with Amy, the girl he used to go.out with, reatize sth begin tod pe Now Amy is in a serious relationship with Keith know before

(who didn’t go to university), and Keith doesn't have nothing in con gel Loget her, ke Amy's old friends This creates tension in the no interests that at ap sother group, and soon there's a bịg row, Amy falls out common, x © Bel together > with Pete, and Dan and John stop speaking gash other And that’s just the begianing 7 to regret sth / doing or dide't dpe + 2 ¢ Use a highlighter pen to help you

*® Repeat the words and remember difficult words phrases two or three times to Dùng một bút chì màu để giúp bạn help you remember them nhớ các từ khó,

Lặp lại các từ hai hoặc ba lần để giúp bạn nhớ chúng 9 Complete the text €

Milo and got top know one (1) another when we won summer We had a lot in (2) Common and got on really well, buy serious (3) relationship at the time Then it all went (4) sông had a big (5) argument and ne (6) sphi up with her, We out with each other almost immediate : but Milo soon (8) egret led! relationship with inez He (9) realize: he was still in love with her, regret sth - feels socry about sth was a big mistake : a di MTOR MOM REMAN hoc cu — J là sa rear ets the fact that a

: hệ didn + finish hove a.rOw Gwith sb) - have.an angry op ke one (ty ander t discussion {alotin 2) ¢ammen and got on &

Sita had a row with Dad last night | Meriva the ue then it a went iS COUrse

* Write down new words in a notebook, with the meaning in English or your own language,or draw a picture

Hãy viết các từ mới trong tập ghi chú, với nghĩa tiếng Anh hoặc theo ngôn ngữ của bạn hoặc vẽ một búc hình ¢ Write down any other important information about a word or phrase, egg words that often go together (a serious relationship) or constructions with verbs (regret the fact that) Write your own example sentences '

Hãy viết bat kỳ thông tin quan trọng khác nói về từ hoặc cụm từ, ví dụ những từ thường đi chung với nhau (a serious relationship) hoặc cấu trúc với động từ (regret the fact that) Hay viét các câu ví dụ của riêng bạn

* Use a pencil for the exercises Check your answers, then rub them out and do them again a week later

Dùng bút chì để làm bài tập Hãy kiểm tra câu trả lời, rồi gom chúng và làm lại một tuần sau đó ® You can do the exercises in the review units, or the CD-ROM exercises, after each unit Or do them a month later to test yourself, perhaps after you’ve studied all the units in that module (e.g “The world around us’)

Bạn có thể làm các bài tập trong các unit 6n tập hoặc các bài tập trong đĩa 0D- ROM sau mỗi unit Hoặc làm chúng một tháng sau khi đã tự mình trắc nghiệm, có lẽ sau khi bạn đã học tất cả các unit trong module đó (ví dụ “Thế giới quanh ta”

* Look at the vocabulary building tables at the back of the book

Hãy xem bằng cấu tạo từ vựng ở cuối sách

* Go to the website (www.oup.com/elt/wordskills) for more useful materials and more practice

Hay vao website www.oup.com/elt/wordskills để biết thêm nội dung hữu ích và thực hành thêm

Buy a good đictionary for your Amaw level The Oxford Wordpower i” eye Dictionary (Oxford University O a Ke 3 d

Press) is very good for Ồ ra là _ R intermediate learners Dictionary

Hãy mua một quyển sách từ điển tốt phù hợp với cấp độ của bạn Quyển 0xford Sàn BH có

University Press) thì rất tốt 5 cho các học viên trình độ ; sơ cấp và tiền trung cấp

C Abbreviations and symbols - Cdc chit viét tat va ky hiéu

ADJ : noun verb _ adjective adverb opposite (for example, modest is the opposite of arrogant) synonym (a word that means the same as another word; for example, drawback is a

| synonym of disadvantage) informal (Ifa word or phrase is informal, you use it when you are speaking to friends or people you know well.) formal (If'a word or phrase is formal, you use it at important and serious times with people you don't know well, or in written

YP sth sb etc eg usually countable noun (A countable noun can be ` used with a/an and can have a plural form.) uncountable noun (An uncountable noun cannot usually be used with a/an and usually has no plural form.) past tense (the past simple form of an irregular verb) past participle oo something (used in glossaries and tables, c.g regret sth) somebody (used in glossaries and tables, c.g dismiss sb) used at the end of a list to show there are other things, but you aren't going to say

| them all for example (as in: jewellery, e.g earrings, necklace)

> le je la le jo ljaia |e 2 see happy sit ten hat father got saw put casual too cup bird

Consonants (Phu am) p pen ‘pen! b bad /bed/ t tea Aas ds did idid/ k cat /keet/ g got /got/ t{ cheap Afisp/ ds jam /dzem/ f fall Moll v verb N3b/

3 el au al av 31 19 co

0a about Say go five now boy near hair sure

!ua(/ z zero ferarau/ j shoe Mut 5 television — /telivizn, telrvizn/ h hat theU m map imep/ n no nau/ Ụ sing isin

1 leg /leg/ t red /redi j yes hes! w wet /wet/

1T can talk about vocabulary learning

Tôi có thể nói về việc học từ vựng

When you’re reading in a foreign language, you should try to get the gist of the text You will meet vocabulary you don’t recognize, but you can often go through the text | again If so, try this: ¢ Identify the new words and phrases which seem to be important Try to guess the meaning from the context, and/or t, use a dictionary

* Keep a record of the words in a notebook, and, if possible, make a note of any special information For example, is the

‘ word formal or informal? Is it used in a particular kind of construction, e.g a verb that is often followed by a preposition?

* Write a translation if you think it helps; sometimes it isn’t necessary

Các lời khuyên danh cho reading

Khi bạn đọc bằng tiếng nước ngoài, bạn phải cố gắng đoán ra ý chính của bài đọc Bạn sẽ gặp các từ vựng mà bạn không biết nghĩa, nhưng bạn thường có thể đọc lại bài đọc tần nữa Nếu vậy, hãy thử làm điều này: ® Xác định các từ mới và các cụm từ có về quan trọng Cố gắng đoán ra nghĩa căn cứ vào ngữ cảnh, và/ hoặc dùng từ điển

* Ghi chép lại các từ vựng trong một quyển tập, và nếu có thể hãy ghi chú bất cử thông tin đặc biệt nào, Vĩ dụ, từ đó là trang trọng hay là không trang trọng?

Nó được dùng theo loại cấu trúc đặc biệt hay không chẳng hạn như thường được theo sau bởi một giới từ?

Lt Hóy dich nú ra nếu như nú giỳp ớch cho bạn; cú khi việc này là khụng cần thiết ằ formal We use formal language to appear serious or official, or sometimes when we don’t know people well OPP informal formality N.OPP informality

: Chúng ta dùng ngôn ngữ trang trọng để thể hiện sự nghiêm túc hoặc chính thức, hoặc có khi chúng ta không biết rõ về người khác foreign thuộc nước ngoài from a country that is not your own (a person is a foreigner) gist ý chính SING The gist of sth is the general meaning but not all the details text doan van the written part of a book, newspaper, etc recognize sb/sth nhdn biét know who sb is or what sth is because you've seen or heard them before recognition N go through sth doc can thận từ đầu đến cuối read sth carefully from beginning to end identify sth xdc dinh recognize sth and decide what it is guess sth dodn give an answer to sth without being sure of the facts guess N context ngi cénh the words before and after the new word or phrase that help you to understand the meaning keep a record of sth ghi chép lại write sth down to help you remember it record sth v make a note of sth gh/ chu write sth down quickly to help you remember it construction cau tric the way words are used together in a sentence construct sth v translation ban dich a text that has been changed from one language into another translate sth v

@Replace the words in italics with a single word that has the same meaning - Thay thé cac tu in nghiêng bằng một từ có cùng nghĩa

> | looked at the pictures but didn’t understand the written - part t2£%4 ,

1 I understood the general meaning of the text

2 We couldn't recognize and decide what language they were speaking

3 The way you use words together to make a sentence in German is different

4 He is from another country

5 You can guess the meaning from the words before and after the new tuord

6 There was a text which I had to change from one language into another com plete the dialogues - Hoan thành đoạn hội thoại

- > Is ‘How do you do’ fexmel.? ~ Yes, we usually just say helle

1 Did you know the answer? No, I had to 2 Did you understand everything? ~ No, but | got the of it

3 Did you everyone? ~ There were one or two people

4 Were there many ? ~ No, all the people were from this country

5 Did you understand the text? ~ Yes, but can we through it again?

6 Do you make a of new words2 ~ Yes, ẽ keep a in my notebook

B Speaking and listening Noi va nghe

In a conversation, you can often ask someone to repeat words or phrases you don’t understand, and explain the meaning to you

Trong một bài hội thoại, bạn thường có thể yêu cầu người khác lặp lại các từ hoặc cụm từ mà bạn không hiểu, hoặc là giải thích nghĩa của từ đó cho bạn

Repeat new words to yourself, so you know how to pronounce them

Hãy lặp lại các từ mới cho chính bạn nghe, do đó bạn biết cách để phát âm các từ này

Look for opportunities to practise them when yoưre speaking

Don’t be afraid to experiment with new language, and don’t worry about making mistakes

26 REVIEW: LEARNING

appropriate phù hợp right or suitable in a particular situation COPP inappropriate relevant to sth có liên quan dén viéc gi useful for and connected to sth EPP irrelevant specialized chuyén biét, chuyén nganh having or needing a lot of special knowledge

@ Replace the underlined words with a synonym - Thay thế từ gạch dưới bằng từ đồng nghĩa ằ The story is complex.eewmpltcated

1 I speak Russian very well 4 The business got biqger

2 lẺs part of normail life 5 ]t's not suitable_here

3 It isn’t connected to my work 6 My goal is to get to univer

SỈY, © complete the dialogues with a suitable word - Hoan thanh đoạn hội thoại với từ phù hợp

> Was the information important for your report? ~ No, it was 2 It wasn’t a suitable word to use ~ | agree, it was

3 Is it a simple problem? ~ No, it’s quite

4 Is this yoghurt bad for you? ~ No it doesn’t any fat 5 Is her vocabulary getting bigger? ~ Yes, it’s definitely 6 Do you need any special knowledge? ~ Yes, it’s V€IV

7 Is the hotel room expensive? ~ Yes, but the price dinner

8 Were there many subjects? ~ Yes, quite a wide of topics

@ ABOUT YOU Write down your learning goals, or tell another student - Viét ra cdc mục tiêu học tập của bạn, hoặc nói cho học viên khác biết

3 1 can understand a learner's dictionary - 76i co thé hiéu duoc từ điển dành cho người học §\

How can a learner’s dictionary help you? These examples are from Oxford Wordpower Dictionary - Mé6t cuốn từ điển dành cho người đọc có thể hỗ trợ bạn bằng cách nào? Các ví dụ sau đây được trích từ 0xford Wordpower Dictionary

Gwin Avin/ verb (winning; pt, pp won /wan/) 1 [I, T] to be the best, first or strongest in a face, game, competition, etc.: to win a game/ match/championship + | never win at table tennis

* Which party do you think will win the next elec tion? 2 [T] to get money, a prize, etc as a result of success in a competition, race, etc.: We won a trip to Australia * Who won the gold medal? ô He 4 won the jackpot in the lottery

> Note that we earn (not win) money at our job: / earn £15 000 a year win/lose the toss 9 toss you can’t win (informal) there is no way of yw being completely successful or of pleasing everyone: Whatever you do you will upset somebody, You can’t win win sb over/round (to sth) to persuade sb to support or agree with you: They ‘re against the proposal at the moment, but I’m sure we can G7 win them over

Z mistake! Jon'sieik/ noun [C] something that sn, YOu think or do that is wrong: Try not to make ii mistakes in your essays * a spelling mistoke + it was a big mistoke to trust her ô | made the mistake of giving him my address

WM by mistake as a result of being careless: 2 The terrorists shot the wrong man by mistake mistake Error is more formal than mistake: o com- | puting error When you make a mistake you do sth wrong: / got the answer wrong * You ‘ must have the wrong number (= on the ` ‘ phone) Fault indicates who is responsible for sth bad: The accident wasn’t my fault, The other driver pulled out in front of me Fault is also used to describe a problem or weakness that sb/sth has: @ technical fault.” guy /qaU noun 1 [C]X/nformal) a man or boy: ^ He’s a nice guy 2 guys [pl] (informal) used when speaking to a group of men and women:

What do you guys want to eat?

28 REVIEW: LEARNING Chú thích hình:

1 Phonetic symbols help with pronunciation You can find out which _ syllable is stressed - Cac ký hiệu phiên âm sẽ giúp bạn hiếu về cách phái âm Bạn có (hể tìm ra được âm tiết nào được nhấn mạnh

2 It can teach you related words: this helps you build your vocabulary and select the correct word for your needs - Ti dién có thể hướng dẫn cho bận Các từ có liên quan: điểu nay giúp bạn tăng cường vốn từ vung và giúp bạn chọn ra lừ phù hợp với nhu câu của bạn

3 Different meanings of the word are given in the definitions, which are in simple English - Mhỡng nghĩa khác nhau của cùng một từ được trình bay lrong phan định nghĩa, được diễn đạt bằng tiếng Anh đơn giản

4 The dictionary helps you avoid making mistakes,and helps with grammar - Ti dién nay giúp bạn tránh không bị sai những lỗi thường gặp và giúp bạn củng cố nghĩ pháp

5 Idioms and phrasal verbs are at the end of the entry- Mhdng thanh ngữ và ngữ động từ được trình bày ở cuối mỗi một từ

6 Examples of usage are provided - Những ví dụ về cách dùng được cung cấp

7 Words that are often used together (collocations) are given in bold- Céc từ thường được dùng chung với nhau (kết hợp ngữ) được thể hiện bằng từ in đậm

8 It helps you with style: for instance, whether words are formal, informal, slang, offensive, etc - Từ điển giúp bạn hiểu được về văn phong: chẳng hạn, những từ ngữ này là văn phong trang trọng, thân mật, là ty long, có tính thô lỗ, v,

Glossary definition dinh nghia an exact statement of what a word or phrase define sth v avoid doing sth tránh làm viéc gi do If you avoid doing sth, you try not to do or experience ít idiom thành ngữ a group of words whose meaning is different from the meanings of the individual words (also expression) entry muc tone of a list of items included in a dictionary, list, etc, (There are three dictionary entries on this Page.)

Provide sth cung cap thiz gi give sth to sb or make sth available for sb style van phong the way sth is written or spoken (e.g an informal style, a formal style) for instance vi du, chang han SYNC for example slang từ lóng very informal words or phrases used in spoken language offensive mang tinh stic phạm rude and likely to upset sb offend sb v symbol kg hiéu a letter, number, or sign that has a particular meaning (e.g the symbol /f/ is Pronounced ‘she’). syllable 4m tiét a part of a word which contains a vowel sound (Go has one syllable and prefer has two syllables ) relate sth to sth liên hệ điều gi vdi diéu khac connect sth to sth related ADJ build sth tang cudng make sth bigger; increase sth select sth chon loc SYN choose sth (but select is more formal) selection N

Both verbs mean to say a syllable, word, or phrase with extra loudness The related nouns are stress (on stb) and emphasis (on sth)

The stress is on the first syllable Don’t emphasize every word They are also used to say that sth is important

The newspapers stressed the need for urgent action

The emphasis is mainly on education

Cả hai động từ đầu có nghĩa nói về một âm tiết, từ, hoặc cụm từ có âm lượng lớn hơn Các danh từ có liên quan fa stress (on sth) va emphasis (on sth)

Dấu nhấn nằm ở âm tiết thứ nhất Đừng nhấn mạnh tất cả mọi từ Chúng cũng có thể được dùng để nói rằng việc gì đó là quan trọng

Các tờ báo đã nhấn mạnh các nhu cầu cần thiết phải hành động khẩn cấp

Trọng tâm nhấn mạnh chủ yếu là vào ngành giáo dục

@ Is the meaning the same or different? Write S or D - Nghia giống nhau hay khác nhau? Viết S hoặc D

> The city is fantastic: for example, the The city is fantastic: for in buildings are very impressive stance,the buildings are very impressive S

1 That's a useful idiom to know That’s a useful expression to know

2 Is that collocation correct? Is that definition correct?

3 What she said was very rude What she said was offensive

4 Does he use a lot of slang? Does he use a lot of idioms?

5 Can you avoid mistakes? Can you define mistakes?

6 Make sure you select the right Make sure you choose the right number number he

7 The stress is on the first three The emphasis is on the first letters three lellers — — — se

8 It doesn’t give all the answers Ít doesn’t provide all the an swerTs .

MỘT SỐ QUY TẮC CHẤM CÂU QUAN TRONG

A full stop is used at the end of a sentence that is not a question or an exclamation, and is sometimes used in abbreviations Each new sentence must begin with a capital letter

Một dẫu chấm được dùng ở cuối một câu mà không phải là câu hỏi hoặc câu cảm thán, và đôi khi được dùng trong các ký hiệu viết tắt Mỗi câu mới phải bắt đầu bằng một mẫu tự ín hoa

A comma in writing is like a pause in speech It is used:

Một dấu phẩy trong văn viết thì giéng như một là sự tạm dừng trong văn nói Nó được dùng:

- to separate parts of a sentence, e.g After we left, someone tried to phone us để tách rời các phân của một câu, chẳng hạn: After we leff, someone tried to phone us

- between adjectives, e.g A big, expensive car giữa các tính từ, chẳng han: A dig, expensive car, - to separate words in a list, though it is often omitted before and, e.g | went to France, Germany, ltaly and Spain để tách rời các từ lrong một danh sách, mặc dù nó thường được bỏ đi ở trước and chẳng han, | went to France, Germany, Italy and Spain

- when words or phrases interrupt the normal Progression of a sentence, e.g | decided, however, that | needed something to eat first

_ Khi các từ hoặc cụm từ cách néu tiến trình bình thường của một câu, chẳng han | L_ #000, however, that ! needed something to eat first J

A colon is often used to introduce further details such as an explanation or a list, e.g The shop is full of antiques: dining tables, chairs, Wardrobes, mirrors, and so on

Một đâu hai chấm thường được dùng để giới thiệu thêm thông tín như là sự giải thích |- hoặc một danh sách, chẳng han: The shop is full of antiques: dining tables, chairs, wardrobes, mirrors, and so on

A semicolon is sometimes used instead of a full stop when two sentences are very closely connected, or to separate two main clauses, especially ones that aren’t Joined by a conjunction such as and or but, e.g

Một dấu chấm phẩy có khi được dùng thay cho một dấu chấm khi hai câu có quan hệ rất mật thiết, hoặc để tách rời hai mệnh đề chính, đặc biệt là các mệnh dé mà không được liên kết với nhau bằng liên từ như là and or but, chẳng han: | went round this morning; nobody was there

A slash separates words or phrases that are alternatives, e.g single/ married

Một dấu gạch chéo tách rời các từ hoặc cụm từ mà có thể thay thế cho nhau, chẳng _ hạn single/ married abbreviation chi viét tdt a short form of a word (e.g a.m is an abbreviation meaning ‘in the morning’) capital letter mau tu viét hoa A BC are capital letters (a bc are small letters), pause sif fam dừng a short period of time when sb stops talking separate sb/sth lach réi ai dé/ thif gi dé keep people or things away from each other SYN divide sb/sth list danh sacha series of names, items, or numbers (e.g ashopping list, a list of countries) omit sth loại bỏ FML If you omit sth, you don’t include it SYN leave sth out interrupt sth cdt ngang viéc gi occur in the middle of sth and stop it continuing details chi tiét small pieces of information about sth instead of sb/sth thay thé cho ai/ thi giin the place of sb/sth connect sth lién két put two or more things together.SYNC join sth such as nhu la You use such as to introduce an example SYN like alternative đối tượng thay thé one of two or more things that you can choose between.

34 REVIEW: LEARNING

Unit 1

1 Rewrite the sentences Change the part of speech of the underlined words - Viét lại câu Thay đổi từ loại của các từ gạch dưới

1 Could you translate this, please? Could you do ? 2 [ve gọt to revise for an exam ['ve got to do oo.c

3 Repetition helps me remember Ít helps me remember if

4 How did he explain i2? What was ooộ ? 5 Go on — guess! Go on — have ccccccsecsccseeeseeseesl 6 l record new words in a book ẽ keep

7 Did you chat about it? Did you havwe so, 8 How do you pronounce that word? What's ?

2 Complete the text with words and phrases from the box - Hoàn thành bài text với các từ hoặc cụm từ được cho trong khung † make a note of go through texts 4 translation pronounce make pronunciation gist experiment foreign guess context recognize

I’ve just started university and I’m studying Italian We spend a lot of time reading D> texta they’re usually articles from Italian newspa- pers, They contain a lot of words you don’t (1) and to start with, you have to try to get the (2) of the articles to show that you understandthe general idea In class we 3) the texts and

The teacher tells us to (5) the meaning of new words by looking at the (6) they are in We then write a (7) of them if we want to, and learn how to (8) them correctly | often (9) mistakes with (10) , but I don’t think it matters; it’s important to (11) with language; that’s the best way to make progress Next year, I’m starting another (12) language: Russian I’m really excited about that

1 Complete the sentences with a suitable word - Hoan thanh câu với từ phù hợp

> | want to learn Italian - nothing very specialized, just evexdesy

1 was a Very c story - quite hard to understand

2 | don’t know enough words, so my vocabulary needs to e - That is my main a on this course

3 [ve lived in Costa Rica for five years now; and | can speak Spanish f

4 You need to know the subject very well and talk about it in d

5 There is now a wide r of evening courses that you can do at the college

7 Some of the courses are tOO § -| don’t have the knowl- edge to do them

8 You have to complete each sentence with an a word

2_ Complete the text with words from the box - Hoàn thành bài text với từ được cho trong khung progress aware spoke 4 getting frustrating encouraging while accurate motivated express

When | went to live in Argentina, | > spoke some Spanish but | couldn’t understand people when they spoke Spanish to me, so it was very (]) But ẽ was very (2) 1 worked hard at my Spanish, and after a (3) I could see that | was making a lot of (4) lt was also very (5) when people told me that | was (6) better My problem was that | still made a lot of mis- takes, and l wasn't (2) of them Anyway, | kept trying, and after about a year, I was able to (8) most things | needed to, and my Spanish was also quite () l only made a few mis- takes.

Unit 3

1 Complete the words in the text - Hoan thanh từ trong bai text When you meet a new word in a text, P fex example, genuine, you might want to look up the meaning in a dictionary It’s impor- - tant to look at all the (1) d in an (2) e , and then (3) s the correct one, according to the context of the sen- tence For (4) ¡ , if the sentence is | bought a genuine Velasquez painting, you know the meaning is ‘real’ or ‘authentic’

Genuine is a difficult word to Pronounce, so it is worth looking at the phonetic (5) s , and note too how the word is (6) ẹ vu ; in fact, the (7) s Ís on the first (8) s

If you come across an (9) ù or (10) e such as under the weather, you should check the meaning (it means ‘feel- ing slightly ill’), and then look at the (11) s of the phrase: is it formal or informal? This particular phrase isn’t rude, but you certainly wouldn’t want to (12) o anyone, so it’s always a good idea to check.

Unit 4

1 Read the text, then answer the questions below Doc bai text, rồi trả lời các câu hỏi bên dưới

1 really want to leave home, so | went to see 4 fat last night It had everything: a kitchen, a living

2 room, a bathroom, a bed room, and a study — and it was ina great location I realized, however, that

| 3 it would be too expensive for me on my own | rang Mr Paviides at the agency this morning; he offered

4 to make it a bit cheaper, so I decided to take it My mother was really pleased

‘You're moving out at

5 Jast! Out Michael, who's going to wash your shirts for You now?’ she said What punctuation is there:

> after home in line la.comme 4 before You're in line 4?

1 after everything in line 1? 5 after last in line 5?

2 after on my own in line 3? 6 in who’s in line 52

3 after this morning in line 3° 7 after now in line 5?

2 Look at the text again Complete the sentences - Hay nhin vào bài text lần nữa Hoàn thành câu ằ The first sentence begins with a c.agiLa.Et |L.e.k4 sa

1 There is a comma after home, which s the two parts of the sentence

2 There is a colon after everything It is often used before more

3 In the sentence beginning | realized, the word hoU€U€FT Ì the progression of the sentence, so commas are used around it

4 After the word morning there is a semicolon This can be used .~ of a full stop when the two sentences are closely ¢

40 REIVIEW: PEOPLE

5 | can talk about appearance Tôi có thể nói về diện mao

Diện mạo bên ngoài của nam giới ao v4 :

, He's got thick eyebrows?and e's quite plump esd stubble’ He's dark-skinned’ wilh a fattish face ore light- on pale-skinned

, s He's clean-shaven He's going bald og He's got broad shoulders? | e's till and skinayy, and bald’ He bas a He's losing his hair ox and is well built but he’s in good shape scar‘ on his head His hair's receding

Glossary male nam giới Men and boys are male, women and girls are female (a person’s Sex is male or female) well built vam vé with a solid, strong body SYNC stocky skinny thon tha very thin, but not in an attractive way in good/bad shape cé tinh trang suc khoe tét/ khéng tétin good/bad physical condition plump day dan quite fat, in a nice way fattish hoi tron quite fat (See spotlight, next page.) clean-shaven cao rau sach sé without a beard or moustache © one letter is missing from each word Write the words correctly - Một mẫu tự còn thiếu ở mỗi từ Hãy viết từ đúng vào

> skiny skinny 3 sca 6 clean-shave

1 eyebows 4 broad shoulders 7_in good cape

@ Similar or different? Write S or D - Nghĩa giống nhau hay khác nhau? Viết S hoặc D

> fattish | plump 5S 5 dark-skinned | pale-skinned 1 skinny | dark-skinned 6 stubble | a scar

2 in good shape | in good condition 7 pale-skinned I Jight-skinned 3 go bald | be bald 8 He’s losing his hair I His hair’s receding

4 stocky | well built 9 male | female © Complete the questions You will write your answers to the questions in Exercise 4 - Hoan thanh cau hoi Ban sé viét câu trả lời cho câu hỏi ở Exercise 4

In your family: ABOUT YOUR FAMILY ABOUT YOUR FAMILY 1 who’s in goods ? sess DWho’s Wellb ?

2 who's gọngb ? 6 who's sk 3 who'sc shaven? 7 who's dark-s ? 4 who's got broad s — 8 who's got a s on their body? _ © ABOUT YOUR FAMILY Write your answers to Exercise 3, or ask another student - Hay viét cau tra Idi ở Exercise 3, hoặc hỏi sinh viên khác e Look at the pictures and cover the texts Can you remember the descriptions? - Hay nhin vao buc hinh va che bài text lại Bạn có thể nhớ những mô tả không?

Diên mạo bên ngoài của phụ nữ

This is my mother at 27 when she was pregnant: in fact she was expecting me She had a pretty, roundish lace with beautiful smooth skin and ony hair The suffix -ish is used with some Ehuui a8 adjectives to mean ‘quite’

Day là mẹ của tôi năm 27 tuổi khi bà đang mang that; that ra, ba A roundish face is a face which ấy đang chuẩn bị sinh is quite round Also: tallish, ra tôi Bà có một youngish, fattish, etc khuôn mặt xinh xắn,

Hậu tố -ish được dùng với một số tính hơi tròn với làn da đẹp muột oe ee Xã từ dé co nghia ‘quite’ mà và mải tóc dài

Một khuôn mặt hơi tròn là một khuôn mặt mà khá tròn Tương tự: tallish, youngish, fattish vw

Here's Mum now: she looks tanned She's still slim with a good figure Her appearance hasn't changed much, but she’s gota lew wrinkles', she's — going grey and her hair's much shorter and neater She wears contact Tenses, and you can't tell that she's nearly 60 Đây là mẹ tôi bây giờ; da bà ấy trông có vẻ bị ram nang Ba ay van thon thả với thân hình đẹp Diện mạo bân ngoài của mẹ tôi không thay đổi nhiều lắm nhưng bà ấy có một vài nếp nhăn, tóc bà ấy bạc đi, và toc ba ay ngắn hơn và thưa đi nhiều Bà ấy mang một đôi kính sát tròng, và bạn không thể nói rằng bà ay gần 60 tuổi be pregnant đang mang thai SYNC be expecting a baby pretty xinh xắn attractive and nice to look at (used especially about girÌs or young women) smooth mịn màng with a completely flat surface COPP rough skin lan da Your skin covers your body tanned ram ndng having brown skin after spending time in the sun tan N slim thon tha thin in an attractive way SYN slender figure than hinh the shape of a woman’s body appearance dién mao the way sb looks go grey OR white bac t6c become grey-haired or white-haired neat gon gang tidy and carefully arranged contact lenses kinh áp tròng small round pieces of plastic you wear in your eyes to help you see better tell sth biét, dodn know or guess sth

@ True or false? Write -T or F Dung hay sai? Hãy viết T hoặc F

> If your hair is neat, it’s tidy.T 5 You get tanned sitting in the sun

1 Contact lenses are the same as 6 Everyone has a good figure glasses

2 Skin can be rough or smooth 7 You usually use ‘pretty’ to de scribe a man .

3 Atallish person is very tall

4 Apregnant woman hasjusthad 8 Your hair can go white or a baby grey

OQ Complete the sentences Hoan thành các câu

1 Her has gone grey, and it’s completely changed her

2 She’s still very slim, so you can!t she's a baby in July

3 I’m feeling so old these days — look at these around my eyes!

4 My baby’s skin is s0 to touch, but my hands are really 5 She’s got a beautiful figure: she’s tall and

6 You can she’s been on holiday — she’s got a lovely

@ t Cover the glossary words and look at the meanings

`_ What are the words? Hãy che các từ ở glossary va nhìn vào nghĩa Những từ đó là từ gì?

Tôi có thể nói về tính cách

How I see myself

Tỏi nhìn thấy bản thân màình như thế nào

Dan (33) ‘I’m ambitious, self-confident, and generous lm aÌso very impatient.’

Dan (33 tuổi) “tôi rất là tham vong, tu tin, vd phóng hhoáng Tôi cũng rất là không có tính kiên nhẫn”

Kaz (18) ‘I’m always cheerful, I’m easy- going, and I’ve got lots energy.’

Kaz (18 tuổi) “Tôi luôn luôn 0ui Dẻ, tôi rất dễ tính vad tôi luôn tràn trễ súc sống”

Giles (45) see myself as honest, hard-working, generally tolerant.’

Giles (45 tuổi) “Tôi tự thấy mình là người trung thực, chăm chỉ, uà nói chung có sức chịu dựng”

Những người khác nhìn thấy tôi như thế nào

Some people really like me; others think I’m arrogant and maybe aggressive.’

“Có một số người thật sv rat thích tôi; lại có một số người khác nghĩ rằng tôi kiéu ngạo 0à có vé là hung di’

‘My parents don’t think I’m very responsible; my friends just think I’m crazy.’

‘Cha'me ctia t6i nghi la téi không có tính thân trách nhiệm lám; còn bạn bè của tôi thì nghĩ là tôi hơi bị khác thường”

“Other people probably think I’m a bit dull, without much sense of humour.’

Có lẽ những người khác nghĩ là tôi hơi trầm tính, bà không có óc hài hước”

Crasy, mad stupid just wants to en/oylife Stupid is always negative cuộc sống Stupid thì luôn có nghĩa tiêu cực

Crazy and mad mean not sensible or practical; a bit stupid’

Both words can describe a person or an action or idea, but the meaning is not always negative They can describe someone who is a bit out of control but

Crazy và mad có nghĩa là' không nhạy cảm hoặc không thực tế; hơi ngốc nghếch?

Cả hai từ này đều có thể mô tả một người hoặc một hành động hoặc một ý tưởng, nhưng nghĩa của nó không phải lúc nào cũng mang tính tiêu cực Chúng có thể mô tả những người mà thường không kiểm soát được mình nhưng muốn thưởng thức

;¿GloSSary ‹°. - see sb as sth nghỉ ai đó giống như điều gi imagine or think of sb in a particular way ambitious day tham vong having a strong desire to do well or be successful

COPP unambitious ambition N self-confident ti lin feeling sure about your own ability COPP insecure generous phóng khoáng happy to give more money and help than is usual

COPP mean generosity N impatient thiếu kiên nhẫn not able,to stay calm and wait for sth/sb COPP patient patience N arrogant kiéu ngao thinking you are better than other people COPP modest arrogance N , aggressive hung hang likely to fight or argue aggression N cheerful vui vé feeling happy easy-going dé tinh relaxed and not worried by what other people do energy sifc s6ng the ability to be very active without getting tired energetic ADJ responsible co trach nhiém able to act sensibly and intelligently COPP irresponsible honest trung thifc always telling the truth COPP dishonest honesty N hard-working cham chi able to work with effort and for a long time COPP lazy tolerant co tinh chiu difng able to accept ideas you don’t agree with COPP intolerant tolerance N dull tram tinh boring sense of humour óc hài hước the ability to laugh at things and see when sth is funny

@ Positive or negative, or can it be both? Write P or N or B.- Tích cực hoặc tiêu cực, hoặc cả hai? Hãy viết P hoặc N hoặc B

P She's very cheerful ằ He's very ambitious:E

1 He’s very arrogant 5 She’s so modest

2 They’re a bit dull 6 He’s very self-confident

3 Both boys are very honest 7 Karen is so mean

4 My boss is very tolerant 8 My brother is absolutely

@ correct the spelling mistakes - Sửa lỗi chính tả b> onest kawest 3 generos 6 agressive

4 feeling sure about your own ability % a aggressive

2 likely to fight or argue c self-confident V 3 thinking you are better than others d tolerant

4 always telling the truth e sense of humour 5 ability to laugh at things f dull

7 unhappy to give money or help people h honest 8 able to accept ideas you don’t agree with i mean © complete the tables - Hoan thanh bang

> patient impatient ambitious ®™*bitiow honest , honest responsible tolerant

La eeeees aggressive generous arrogant ambitious generous self-confident patient

6 Complete the words in each sentence - Hoan thanh từ trong mỗi câu

> If you disagree with Matthew, he can get a bit AAA rassiue,

‘1 My brother’s a bit irresponsible and does some c things; but he’s OK

2 Keiko’s a good person to share a flat with: she’s V€FTV € ~ đ

3 | like Zoltan; he’s got a great s ofh

4 Hamdi is a fantastic musician, but very few people realize this because he’s so m

5 Since Katy got a new job and a boyfriend, she’s become more s

6 My brother's lazy, but my sisters have always been very h TW 7 I don't think young Andy is r enough to drive a car

8 Andrea has so much e ; she’s always doing something

Q@ABOUT YOU Answer the questions, or ask another student - Hay tra Idi cau hoi, hodc hdi sinh vién khac

1 Are you ambitious? lf so, in what WAY? c.ieeeehhrrrrrrriee 2 Would you say you're hard-working or a bit lazy?

3 Are you intolerant of anythingz lf so, what?

4 When do you get impatient? oo eet teers 5 How do you see yourself? Write three adjectives

6 Which two qualities do you think are the most important: honesty, patience, tolerance, or generosity? . -

95 Test yourself Cover your opposites and nouns in

Exercise 4 and test yourself Then cover the glossary meanings and look at the words What do they mean? - Che các từ trái nghĩa và các danh từ trong Exercise 4

Sau đó che nghĩa của glosary và nhìn vào từ Nghĩa của các từ đó là gì?

48 REIVIEW:PEOPLE ẽ can describe my feelings

Tôi có thể mô tả cảm giác của tôi

| Word Example Meaning thrilled He was thrilled to win and very happy and excited he kissed’ the cup SYN delighted furious I lost his keys: he was very angry absolutely furious astonished _/ was astonished to hear he very surprised SYN amazed was married heartbroken She was heartbroken when very sad and emotionally upset her father died terrified | was terrified when the very frightened SYN scared stiff plane took off INF miserable You look very miserable unhappy and depressed SYN fed What’s wrong?up INF proud | felt very proud when my pleased about sth you or other book was published people have done

Jealous My boyfriend is jealous ! angry or sad because you're tuhen Ím with other boys afraid of losing sb’s love

I've always been jealous of 2 angry or sad because sb has Tom; everyone likes him sth you don't have SYNC envious anxious He was anxious before he _ worried and afraid went into hospital upset Sally was very upset sad and angry because of sth that because no one spoke to has happened

Use absolutely before extreme adjectives, e.g furious, astonished heartbroken, terrified

Use very before degree adjectives, e.g miserable, jealous, anxious, upset

I was absolutely amazed (NOT very amazed.) They were very proud (NOT absolutely proud.)

Dung absolutely truéc cac tinh ti tuyét di e.g turious, astonished, heartbroken, terrified

Dùng very trước cdc tinh ti tuyét ddi e.g miserable, jealous, anxious, upset

Tôi thật sự rất kinh ngạc

Họ rất là tự hào

@ Complete the words and phrases - Hoàn thành từ và cụm từ

3 ast # kid © write synonyms for these words and phrases - Viết từ đồng nghĩa cho các từ và cụm từ sau đây

> worried 2wxisuA 2 fed up 4 astonished 1 thrilled 3 scared stiff 5 envious ® ABOUT YOU How might you feel in these situations? Write your answers using words from the table, or ask another student - Trong nhung tinh huống sau đây, bạn có cảm giác nhu thé nao? Ha ay viết câu trả lời bằng việc dùng từ được cho 6 bang, hoặc hỏi sinh viên khác

1 You’ve just passed an important exam I'd be

2 Your best friend has bought a car that you would love to have

3 Your lovely old dog has just died 4 A man walks up to you in the street and holds a knife to your face 5 You're on holiday but you can’t go out because you’ve got a bad cold a

6 You see someone you don’t know kissing your boyfriend/girlfriend 7 You have been chosen to make a speech at an important event

8 You are going somewhere by plane and you don’t like flying

Test yourself Cover the meanings and look at the words What are the meanings? - Che nghia va nhin vao tu Nghia cua tu la gi?

Bạn thể hiện xúc cảm như thế nào?

YOU AND YOUREMOTIONS jaws a I’m an emotional person and I like to show my Yes/No feelings Yes/No b I think I’m quite sensitive, so I try not to upset other Yes/No people Yes/No c I’m sensitive about my appearance Yes/No d When I’m in a bad mood, I sometimes hurt people’s feelings Yes/No e In general, I think I’m quite a moody person f When people have personal problems, I think ’m usually very sympathetic and supportive X, sensitive

1 a positive meaning: ‘able to understand people's feelings and problems’ (e.g sentence (b)above) OPP insensitive

2 a more negative meaning: ‘easily upset’ (e.g sentence (c) above)

Sensitive cd hai nghia: oO

1 nghĩa tích cực: có thể hiểu được câm xúc và những rắc rối của người khác' 2 nghĩa tiêu cực hơn: dễ dàng bực mình" emotional giau cam xtic having strong feelings, and often showing them emotion N show your feelings thé hién cdm xtic express your feelings openly COPP hide your feelings upset sb làm cho ai buc minh make sb unhappy be in a bad mood có tâm trạng không tốt feel angry or unhappy at a particular time OPP be in a good mood. hurt sib's feelings làm tổn thương cảm xúc của ai đô say sth that makes sb unhappy moody có tính khí thất thường If you are moody, you often change and become angry or unhappy for no obvious reason sympathetic biết cảm théng kind and showing you understand sb’s problems (sympathetic doesn’t mean ‘friendly’ or ‘nice’ in English) supportive biết giúp đỡ người khác giving help to sb who has a problem © Circle the correct answer - Khoanh tròn câu trả lời đúng

> Try not to furt)upset his feelings

1 Sarah’s not very emotional, and tends to show/hide her feelings

2 You can talk to Gary easily about your problems; he’s very sympa thetic/moody

3 Be careful what you say to Susan because she’s very sympa thetic/sensitive

4 You never know what Karen will be like because she’s so moody/ supportive

5 Brian is the most emotional/insensitive man | know; he upsets everyone

6 Love, anger, and fear are all emotions/moods © Complete the sentences with a suitable word Hoan thanh câu với từ phù hợp has a problem

1 Keep away from Elton — he”s in a bad today

2 te his parents because he was so rude to them

3 My children cooked all my meals when I was ill They were very

41 broke my leg and it was really painful, but my friends weren’t very

5 I’m a really good mood today | think it’s the fantastic weather

6 Paul tends to upset people and their feelings omplete the right-hand column in the

@ ABOUT YOU Complete the right-hand col in th questionnaire, or ask another student - Hoan thanh cét bén phải trong bảng câu hỏi, hoặc hỏi sinh viên khác

8 I can talk about relationships Tôi có thê nói về các môi quan hê

Word Example Meaning friendship Our friendship has always very important to us the relationship between people who been are friends make friends I find it difficult to make friends form friendly relationships get on (well) Do you get on well with have a good relationship reliable ADJ with sb your classmates? with sb COPP not get on with sb rely on sb I can always rely on my feel sure that sb will do what sisters

My brother's not very reliable they say they will do SYN depend on sb trust sb You have to trust your friends believe sb is good and won't hurt you loyal He was very loyal to my father being a friend to sb, even in difficult times opp disloyal sociable She very sociable and gets on well with people A sociable “person likes the company of other people OPP antisocial keep in touch

Simon is an old friend

We've always kept in touch

(of two or more people) stay in contact by speaking or writing to each other

An old friend is someone you have known for a long time; a close friend is someone you know and like very much If you are friendly with sb, you treat them as a friend

Một người bạn cũ là người mà bạn đã biết trong một thời gian dài; một người bạn thân là người bạn biết và rất thích Nếu như bạn thân thiện với ai thì bạn đối xử với người đó như bạn bè

@ Combine words in the box to make phrases - Két hop cac từ trong khung để thành lập cụm từ

> rely V friend get on well friends on someone V a close keep make in touch-on someone depend with someone

> re ou someone © Answer the questions - Trả lời câu hỏi

> Another way of saying ‘stay in contact with someone’ is keep in

1 Rely (on) is a verb What’s the adjective2

2 What’s a synonym for relu on2

3 A sociable person enjoys the company of others What’s the oppo- SỈt€2 c.e

4 What’s the opposite of loual2 - 5 What’s the relationship between people who are Íriends?

6 What do you call a friend you like very much? A friend © Rewrite the sentences using the words in capitals in the correct form The meaning must stay the same Hay viết lai cau bang cách dùng từ in hoa theo dạng đúng Nghĩa không thay doi

> He’s a bit antisocial SOCIABLE He ttm t verb sociable a

1 He likes Ruben FRIENDLY -hHhHhnrrrrrrrrrrrrrtrn 2 She never phones us TOLCH eccceereerrrrrrrtrrrrrrrrtrtee 3 1 don't have a good relationship with my father GET ON

4 | became her friend at university MAKE ơ

5 My boss is very reliable RELY eerereerrrrrrrrrrrrr beens 6 I've known Donna for a long time OLD ô0 eeeeeecsereeetteeitee

@ t Test yourself Cover the examples and meanings What are the meanings? - Che các ví dụ và nghĩa Nghĩa của chúng là gì?

Khi moi thi thay déi

TV drama about a group of young people who got to know one another at university, and now, five years later, get together for a weekend

But things soon go wrong John doesn’t get on with Dan, and now realizes they have nothing in common, while Pete regrets the fact that he split up with Amy, the girl he used to go out with Now Amy is in a serious relationship with Keith (who didn’t go to university), and Keith doesn't like Amy's old friends This creates tension in the group, and soon there’s a big row Amy falls out with Pete, and Dan and John stop speaking to each other And that’s just the beginning

56 REIVIEW: PEOPLE

Tôi có thể nói về các gia đình

Các mối quan hệ trong gia đình

Marilyn Monroe was an only child from a single-parent family, but she lived with foster parents until she was seven, and then she was adopted by her mother’s best friend She got married at sixteen, and she got divorced three times

Marilyn Monroe la con mét trong một gia đình chỉ có người

„mẹ tự nuôi con một mình, nhưng cô ấy sống uới cha me nuôi cho đến khi cô ấy bảy tuổi, oà sau đó cô ấy được người bạn thân nhất của mẹ cô nhận làm con nuôi Cô ấy đã hết hôn năm mười sáu tuổi, uà cô ấy đã ly hôn ba lần

Bill Clinton’s father died before he was born His mother, Virginia, hadto find a way to support Bill, so she studied nursing, and Bill was brought up by his grandparents

When Bill was four, his mother married Roger Clinton, who became Bill’s stepfather Rogerand Virginia had a son called Roger, who is Bill Clinton’s half-brother

Cha ctia Bill Clinton chết trước khi ông được sinh: ra đời

Mẹ của ông, Virginia, đã tìm để cách biếm tiền nuôi Bill, ¡ do 0uậy bà ta đã học nghệ điều duéng, va Bill dugc ông ba q ngoại của mình nuôi nẵng Khi BI được bốn tuổi, thi me cua éng két hon vdi Roger Clinton, người trở thành cha i duong cita Bill Roger va Virginia cé mét dita con trai ten la Roger, người là em trai cùng mẹ bhác cha uới B_1 Clinton

1 [oS TT a only child con méta child with no brothers or sisters single parent người mẹ hoặc cha nuôi con một mình a mother or father who looks after their children alone foster parent cha me nudisb who looks after another person’ child in their home for a time adopt a child nhận một đứa bé làm con nuôi take sb’s child into your family and legally make them your child get divorced ly hon legally end your marriage SYN get divorce support sb kiếm tiền để nuôi séng ai dé help someone live by giving them money, food, or a home bring sb up nuôi nấng day d6 look after a child and teach them how to live. stepfather cha dung a man who has married your mother but is not your father (related words: stepmother, stepson, stepdaughter, stepbrother, stepsister) half-brother, half-sister anh trai, em trai cung cha khac me, hodc cung me khác cha; chị gái, em gái cùng cha khác mẹ hoặc cùng mẹ khác cha a brother or sister who has either the same mother or the same father as you

Oo Complete the words or phrases - Hoan thanh tu hoac cum tu ằ ttSP mother 3 f parents 6 ad a child 1 an o child 4 s father 7 S parent

2h -sister 5 get orced 8 br somebody up

@ same or different? Write $ or D - Nghĩa giống nhau hay khác nhau ? Hãy viết S hoặc D

> She’s a single parent | She's a foster parent32

1 He’s an only child | He hasn’t got any brothers or sisters

2 He’s my half-brother | He’s my stepbrother

3 He’s my stepson | He’s my wife’s son by her first marriage

4 She was adopted as a baby | She lived with foster parents as a

5 She’s my half-sister | She’s my mother’s sister

6 Our uncle supported us | Our uncle brought us up © complete the questions - Hoan thanh cau hdi

1 Where were you b up? ABOUT YOU

2 Have you got any brothers or sisters, or are you ano child2

3 Bo you have any h -brothers or -sisters2

4 Do you know anyone who is a s parent? lÍso,who2

5 Do you know anyone who has recently got d la © ABOUT YOU Write your answers to Exercise 3, or ask another student - Hãy viết câu trả lời của bạn ở bài tập 3, hoặc hỏi sinh viên khác.

58 REIVIEW: PEOPLE B Family history - Lịch sử gia đình á)

Pm related to a member of the royal family

Tôi có quan hệ gia đình uới một thành uiên của gia đình hoàng gia

We have ancestors who were Russian immigrants They emigrated from Russia to Britain in the nineteenth century

Chúng tôi có ông bà tổ tiên là những người Nga nhập cư Họ dị cư từ nước Nga đến nước Anh uào thế bào thế hộ thứ mười chín,

I’m from London, but previous generations of my family lived in Malta

Tôi đến từ Luân Đôn, nhưng các thế hệ trước đây của gia đình tôi sống 6 Malta — queen hing

Some of my relatives were originally from China

Một trong số những người bà con của tôi có nguôn gốc ban đầu từ Trung Quốc

I look like my grandmother, but I take after my father We’re both very lazy!

Tôi trông giống như bà của tôi, nhưng tôi lại có tính cách giống cha tôi Chúng tôi đêu rất lười biếng! be related to sb có quan hệ gia đình uới aibe in the same family as sb relative N

SYNC relation member thanh viéna person who is ina group such as a family or a club royal thuộc hoàng gia relating to a king or queen (see picture) ancestor Gng ba {6 tiéna person in your family who lived a long time ago immigrant người nhập cưa person who comes to a foreign country to live there - emigrate from to dicurtit dén leave your country in order to live in another previous (rước day happening before the one you are talking about generation thé hé all the people ina family born at about the same time originally vao luc ban dauin the beginning, before other things happened look like sb có điện mạo giống ai have the same appearance as sb take after sb giống một thành oiên lớn hơn trong gia đình be like an older member of your family

O Circle the correct answer - Khoanh tròn câu trả lời đúng

> Our ancestors were Italian immigrants) members

1 She’s one of my ancestors/relatives; she was born in 1880.

2 Janet looks like/takes after her daughter

3 My ancestors emigrated/related to Australia a century ago

4 Are your relations/immigrants from Italy?

5 I'm originally/previously from Rome: that’s where | was born

6 He’s married to a member/generation of the royal family

@ Complete the questions - Hoan thanh cau hdi

> What do you know about your amcestens ? ABOUT YOU

1 Are your toanyone famous? ii

2 Doyou have ar family in your country? lf so, do you have a king or a q đà nhe 3 Where do/did the p generations of your family live2

4 Which m of your family do you look l —

5 Do you take a your mother or your father2 How2

@ ABOUT YOU Write your answers to Exercise 6, or ask another student - Hay viét cau tra Idi cua ban 6 Exercise 6, hoặc hỏi sinh viên khác

@ Test yourself Look at the glossary words and cover the meanings What are the meanings? - Hãy nhìn vào từ ở glossary va che nghĩa Nghĩa của chúng là gi?

60 , REIVIEW: PEOPLE

10 Ican talk about weddings and funerals

Tôi có thể nói về lễ cưới và đám tang

AA typical British wedding óà ền thống của người Anh

When two people are planning to get married, they can choose to have a religious ceremony or a civil ceremony On the wedding day, the groom’ is helped by a best man’ who brings the rings to the wedding ceremony The bride’ may have one or more bridesmaids’, Afterwards, ther is a reception for the couple and the wedding guests’ It’s traditional for the best man and the groom to make speeches, and then everyone drinks a toast to the couple, and wishes them a long and happy marriage After the reception, they usually go on their honeymoon On the same day every year after that, the couple celebrate their wedding anniversary

Khi hai người dự tính bết hôn, họ có thể chọn tổ chức lễ cưới theo nghỉ thức tôn giáo hoặc lễ cưới dân sự Vào ngày diễn ra đám cưới, chú rể được sự trợ giúp của một người phù rể mang nhẫn cưới uào nơi tổ chức lễ cưới Cô dâu có thể có một hoặc nhiễu phù dâu Sau đó; có tiệc chiêu đãi dành cho đôi vg chéng mdi va những khách mời đến du đám cưới Theo truyện thống thì phù rể uà chú rể sẽ đọc phát biểu, rồi sau đó thọt người sẽ nâng cốc chúc mung déi ve chéng mới, uờ cầu chúc cho họ một cuộc hôn nhân lâu dài uò hanh phúc Sau tiệc chiêu đãi, chú rể uà cô dâu thường đi hưởng tuân trăng một Rồi sau đó cùng ngày này mỗi năm, đôi uợ chỗng tổ chức lễ kỉ niệm ngày cưới của họ .

Glossary choose sth fifa chọn thứ gì PT chose PP chosen decide which thing you wanL choice N ceremony nghi lé a formal public event religious thu6c ton giao A religious ceremony takes place in a church, mosque, temple, etc religion N civil dan stfA civil ceremony is a non-religious one wedding lẻ cưới a time when a man and woman get married rings nhẫn cưới ag wedding tiéc cudireception a meal and/or party after a wedding traditional theo truyén théng A traditional thing is sth that people have done for along time make a speech phat biéu give a formal talk to a lot of people at a special event drink a toast to sb nang céc chic meting airaise a glass of wine etc to wish sb success or happiness wish sb sth cầu chúc cho ai điều gi say that you hope good things will happen to sb honeymoon tudn trang mata holiday for a couple who have just got married celebrate sth t6 chitc sự kiện gì have a special meal, party, etc to show you are happy about sth anniversary lé kg niém the date on which sth happened the previous year or in the past

`spgotlight wedding and marriage; bride and groom

A wedding is the ceremony for a couple (two people who are getting married) Marriage is the relationship between a husband and wife

‘We went to my sisters wedding on Saturday , Jack and Dana’s marriage lasted 40 years

On the wedding day, the couple are called the bride and groom After they are married, they become husband and wife

Một lễ cưới là nghi lễ dành cho một cặp đôi (hai người này đang kết hôn) Hôn nhân là mỗi quan hệ giữa người chồng và người vợ

Vào ngày thứ Bay chúng tôi đã đi dự lễ cuới của chị gái lôi

Cuộc hôn nhân cla Jack va Danna đã kéo dài được 40 năm

Vào ngày đám cưới, cặp đôi này “ gọi là cô dâu và chú rể Sau khi họ kết hôn họ trở thành chồng và vợ t

62 REIVIEW: PEOPLE

Unit 5

1 Circle the correct answer - Khoanh tròn câu trả lời dung

> My uncle is going black/@rey)

1 Is she waiting for/expecting a baby?

2 Do you wear contact/content lenses?

3 Ahmed always looks very neat/plump and tidy

4 You can’t know/tell that she’s in her fifties

3 She goes to the gym every day; that’s why she still has a great appearance/figure

6 Olga was very bald/tanned after her holiday in Portugal

7 You get a few scars/wrinkles round your eyes as you get older

8 My boss is in his forties but still in good shape/figure

2 Complete the sentences - Hoàn thành câu

1 Emilio’s well built, with broad 2 My dad’s completely ; now my older brother is his hair as well

3 He got the on his leg when he fell off his bike as a child

4 | don’t think his has changed much in the last 20 years: he’s still in good 5 My father has always been clean- - never had a beard

6 | wouldn’t say she’s fat, but she is quite

Unit 6

1 Complete the table - Hoan thanh bang

Adjective Meaning Noun COPP of adjective ambitious having a strong desire to be successful ambitious unambitious happy to give more money and help than is usual always telling the truth, able to accept ideas you don’t agree with able to stay calm and wait for sth đc cueree thinking you are better than other peOple .0 Hee h able to work with effort and for a long time XXXXXX

2 Complete the dialogues - Hoan thanh doan h@i thoại

> Is he energetic? ~ No, he’s got no ewex44

1 That was a mad thing to do.~ Yes, absolutely

2 Do you find him interesting? ~ No, | think he’s a man

3 Do you think you’re hard-working? ~ To be honest, no ~ I’m quite

4 He’s always looking for a fight ~ Yes, I find him very

5 She never laughs at anything ~ I know, she’s got no

6 He’s such a happy person ~ Yes,.he’s always very

Unit 7

1 Replace the underlined word with either a synonym or an opposite - Thay thế từ gạch dưới hoặc là từ đồng nghĩa hoặc là trừ trái nghĩa

> Is he always in such a bad mood? SYNtesrible OPP geod

1 Michael is usually very sensitive OPP

2 Why are they so miserable? SYN

3 We were amazed to see her SYN

4 He never shows his feelings OPP

5 | was terrified when it happened SYN

6 | was delighted with my results SYN

2 Are these sentences logical? If not, cross out the word that is not logical and replace it with a better word - Cac cau sau đây có hợp lý không? Nếu không, hãy gach ngang từ không hợp lý và thay thế nó bằng một từ đúng hơn

> I was astonished that | passed the exam, but really miserable delighted ằ She’s very emotional, so she tends to show her feelings a lotTThis.ia Lagical

1 He was furious with me, and ẽ was thrilled

2 She was so proud when her son did well, and really jealous

3 | was anxious before the flight, and scared stiff by the time we šó9 0e

4 | don't know what upset her, bụt she was thrilled

5 She can be very insensitive and often hurts people’s feelings

6 I can’t talk to her because she’s insensitive and very supportive

Unit 8

1 One word is missing in each sentence Where from? Write it at the end - Có một từ bị thiếu trong mỗi câu Ở vị trí nào?

Hãy viết nó ở cuối câu

> Paulo split ^ with Simone last week Hp

1 Petros and | have nothing common

2 How did you get know her?

3 1 like Imran; we get very well

4 Don't forget to keep touch

5 You can’t rely her brother "

6 I don't think they re a relationship at the moment

2 Complete the sentences Keep the meaning the same as in the sentences on the left - Hoan thanh câu Hãy giữ cùng nghĩa với câu ở bên trái

> Being friends with Tomi is important to me Myfaieudship with

Tomi is important to me

1 He just likes being with people He's very

2 Iunderstand what happened now ẽ what happened

3 He’s been my friend in difficult times He’s been very 4 | went out for a meal with the others last week We got for a meal last week

5 We share a lot of interests We have a lot in 6 They argue a lot They have a lot of

7 She`s sorry that ít happened She that it happened

8 | can always depend on my sister My sister is Ver -.

Unit 9

1 Which words are being defined? - Nhiing tu’ nao dang dugc dinh nghia

2 a woman who married your father but who is not your mother

3 someone in your family who lived a long time ago

4 take a child into your family and make them your child le

5 have the same appearance as someone

6 be like an older member of your family

8 all the people in a family born at about the same time

2 Complete the text - Hoan thanh bai text

John Lennon's aweett+ex+ were lrish (l) who came to live in Liverpool John was an (2) child in a single (3) family When he was five, his mother gave John toher sister, Mimi, to look after, so he was (4) up by his aunt Lennon got married in 1962 to Cynthia, and had a son, Julian Sadly, the marriage went wrong The Lennons got (5) in 1968, and Julian was brought (6) by his mother Lennon remarried in 1969, this time marrying Yoko Ono, who already had a daughter, Kyoko, from a Œ?) marriage which had ended in divorce John and Yoko had a son called Sean .julian and Sean are (8) -broth- ers, and Julian and Kyoko are (9) brother and (10) sister.

1 Find 11 more words or phrases related to weddings in the word square - Hãy tìm 11 từ hoặc cụm từ có liên quan đến đám cưới ở những từ trong ô vuông

DRINKATOAS TP C ER M/{W\P DOCS AM EDD U/IEIS JRORCA R ' N G/D]JS H RUE xX K EP ! GjDjJX O ZPCUE MARRIIIAGELEGA OW VU O|N|V | NEPOS NUD O\G/G UES TLP YESM tI FURDO!I 6E HON EYMOONODE KLE !SHMEXONIC

2 Complete the texts - Hoan thanh bai text

When my neighbour Mr Patrick ® diedd recently, | went to his (1) His wife died ten years ago, so he had been a (2) for a long time He always wanted to be (3) in the cemetery next to his wife There were a lot of (4) at the funeral: mostly family and old friends His son, Malcolm, (5) his house, and I believe he’s going to move back to live in it My cousin, Elizabeth, got married last year She and her > huabend, Martin, had to (6) whether to have a religious (7) or a (8) end, they (9) a religious wedding She was a beautiful (10) ò„ and Martin looked fantastic Martin's brother, Steve, was the (TT) man It was a very traditional ceremony, and afterwards there was a (12) at a hotel near the church Next week it will be their first wedding (13) , sO the family is going to get together to (14) with a big party

Tôi có thể mô tả về vũ trụ

A The universe - Va trué ® The moon’ is a satellite of the earth; in other words, it cireles around the earth This takes approximately 28 days

Mặt trăng là một cộ tỉnh của trái đất; nói cách khác, nó xoay quanh trái đất Việc này chiếm thời gian xếp xí 38 ngày e The earth revolves around the sun every 365 days

Trái đất quay quanh mặt trời cứ 365 ngày một tần © The sun’ is a star, but seems much larger than other stars’ because it is so close to the earth Light from the sun takes approximately eight minutes to reach the earth

Mặt trời là một ngôi sao, những có 0é lớn nhiều hơn so tới các ngôi sao khác bởi oì nó nằm quá gần uới trái đất Ánh sáng từ mặt trời mất khoáng xdp xi 8 phút để đến được trái đất © Nine planets' revolve around the sun We call the sun and all its planets the solar system

Chin hành tỉnh quay quanh mặt trời Chúng ta gọi mặt trời cà tất cá các hành tính cúa nó là hệ mặt trời ¢ Seventy-five years ago, sending rockets’ into space seemed far-fetched, but now it is a fact of life and we have gained considerable knowledge of the earth’s satellite and our solar system

Cách day 75 nam, viée phéng tén lita cả cệ tỉnh có tẻ như là chuyện rất khó tin, nhitng bây giờ nó đã là một sự thật trong đời sống cà chúng ta đã đạt được lượng biến thức đáng hế oễ các tệ tỉnh cúa trái đất cà hệ mặt trời cúa chúng ta

72 REVIEW: THE WORLD AROUND US

Glossary universe vd tru the whole of space and everything in it, including the planets and stars satellite vé tinh an object that moves round a bigger object in space in in words nói cách khác used for saying sth in a different way circle sth quay quanh cai gi go round sth in a circle.SYNC revolve around sth approximately xap xi about SYN roughly reach sth đến dugc noi nao arrive at a place space không gian the area beyond the earth round the planets and stars far-fetched kho tin not easy to believe because it is very improbable gain sth dat dugc thứ gì get more and more of sth useful, such as knowledge or experience knowledge kién thifc what you know and understand about sth

@ one word is wrong in each sentence Cross it out and write the correct word - Có một từ sai trong môi câu Hãy gạch ngang nó và viết từ đúng

> The sun circles the earth wCXm

1 The planets are in the solar space

2 The earth revolves around the moon

4 Man first walked on the sun in 1969 3 Venus is a star

6 We can send planes into space 7 The stars are part of the earth

1 Is it important to send rockets into ? 2 The earth revolves around the sun: in other planet in our solar system

3 The Venus Express rocket took the planet Venus.

6 The earth around the sun every 365 days

7 My of space is very limited I’d like to learn more about it

8 The moon is a of the earth © Test yourself Cover the text and name everything in the picture Hãy che text và tên của mọi thứ trong bức ảnh

Tại sao phải đến Sao Hỏa?

Các nhà khoa học đã phóng các vệ tinh dé khám phá bề mặt của Sao

` Hỏa, và dã thục hiện nhiều cuộc thí nghiệm để xem thủ liệu họ có thể khám phá ra bất cứ dấu hiệu nào của sự sống 6 Sao Hỏa không Cho đến bây giờ họ vẫn chua tìm ra dấu hiệu nào, nhưng một sự nghiên củu về các tang đá được lẫy từ Sao Hỏa đã khẳng định rằng chúng được tạo ra bởi sự có mặt của nước và gió Nói cách khác trong quá khứ ở Sao Hỏa có thể đã có sự sống tôn tai scientist nha khoa hoc a person who studies the physical world science N scientific ADJ satellite vé inh a piece of electronic equipment that is sent into space and moves around explore sth kham pha noi nao travel round a place in order to learn about it exploration N carry out sth thực hiện uiệc gi do and complete a task experiment thi nghiém a scientific test done in order to learn sth analysis su phan tich acareful study of sth in order to explain it analyse v confirm sth khẳng định điều gì say or show that sth is true or definite confirmation N exist {67 tai If sth exists, it is present in the real world existence N.

74 REVIEW: THE WORLD AROUND US discover or invent?

If you discover something, you learn about or find something for the first time discovery N If you invent something, you create something that didn’t exist before invention N

They've discovered a new planet Who invented the telescope?

Nếu bạn khám phá ra điều gì, thì ban học về nó hoặc tìm ra điều gì lẫn đầu tiên Nếu bạn phát mình ra | thứ gì thì bạn tạo ra được thứ mà trước đó không hề tổn tại

Họ đã khám phá ra một hành tính mới Ai đã phát minh ra kính viễn vọng?

@ Circle the correct word - Khoanh tròn từ đúng

> There was an perimet}exploration to test the levels of sugar in the blood

1 These animals only explore/exist in South America - no where else

2 They’re going to explore/analyse the area to see what they can find

3 The discovery/invention of the electric light bulb changed people’s lives

4 Scientists have carried out/confirmed experiments on animals

5 Who invented/discovered the life-saving drug penicillin?

6 We've got the data, so now we need to analyse/explore it

8 Complete the sentences using the correct form of the word on the right - Hoan thanh cau bằng việc dùng dạng đúng của từ ở bên phải

>ằ Television was an incredible invention INVENT 1 There’s a report from a group of SCIENCE 2 The of penicillin was of major importance DISCOVER 3 We're waiting for of the results CONFIRM 4 There will be an of the findings in the laboratory ANALYSE 5 The 60s and 70s were an exciting period for space EXPLORE 6 Humans are always looking for the of new life forms EXIST © complete the sentences - Hoan thanh cau ằ The police discovered drugs inside his shoes

1 At the moment there is no evidence that life on Mars

2 They left camp and went to the countryside to see what they could find

3 With the use of , TV can show news from anywhere in the world

4 Scientists believe they will have to out further experiments

5 I don’t know who first the camera Do you?

6 We knew he was ill, but the doctors have now that it’s serious

98 Test yourself Cover the glossary meanings and look at the words Can you remember the meanings? Che nghia cua glossary va hay nhin vao tu Ban co thể nhớ nghĩa của từ không?

76 REVIEW: THE WORLD AROUND US

12 | can talk about rivers and the sea

Tôi có thể nói về sông và biến

RIVERS - CÁC CON SÔNG

wide river- sông rộng harrow river séng hep

Rivers flow to the sea A river can be wide (width n) and deep (depth N) or narrow and shallow If it rains heavily, a river can burst its banks', which causes floods’ If there is no rain for a long time, the ruver dries up’

Các dòng sông chảy ra biển Một dòng sông có thể rộng và sâu hoặc hẹp và cạn

Nếu trời mưa lồn, sông có thể võ bờ điều này gây nên lụt lội Nếu không có mưa trong một thời gian dài Thì sông sẽ khô can

THE SEA and OCEANS - BIEN va ĐẠI DƯƠNG

The tide comes in (high tide) and goes out (low tide) twice a day

Thủy triều dâng lên (thúy triều lên) oà hạ xuống túy triều xuống) hai lần một ngày

Boats float! on the surface’ of the water Những chiếc thuyên trôi trên bê mặt nước

In bad weather a boat can capsize and sink°.People on the boat may be trapped underwater and may drown

Khi thời tiết xấu, chiếc thuyễn có thể lật úp oà chìm xuống

Những người ở trên thuyễn có thể mắc hẹt ở dưới nước tà có thể bị chết đuối.

DIFFERENT AREAS OF WATER - CÁC VÙNG NƯỚC KHÁC NHAU

: ,Glossary flow chay move smoothly (like water) burst no break open suddenly and violently ocean dai duong a very big sea, e.g the Atlantic Ocean tide thuy triéu the regular change in the sea level caused by the moon and sun capsize lat up (used of boats) turn over in the water underwater 6 dui nudc happening or existing below the surface of the water drown chét duoi die in water because you can’t breathe

To cause something is to make something (oft en unpleasant) happen

The wind caused problems for cyclists The cause of something is the person or thing that makes it happen

The police don’t know the cause of the accident

To cause something: lam cho việc gì đó (thường là không mong muốn) xảy ra

Gió gây ra khó khăn cho những người đi xe đạp Nguyên nhân của việc gì đó là người hoặc việc mà làm cho việc đó xảy ra

Cảnh sát không biết được nguyên nhân của vụ tai nạn này

€ One letter is missing Write the words correctly Co mét mẫu tự còn thiếu Hãy viết từ đúng

78 REVIEW: THE WORLD AROUND US

5 suface © Match 1-8 with a - ¡ - Hãy nối 1 - 8 và a - ¡

} the tide : a capsized 1 burst b to the sea 2 the river c its banks 3 low d dried up 4 the width e in the lake 5 it flows f river

6 drown g of the river 7 a shallow h tide

8 the boat i went out ⁄ © Yes or No? Write Y or N.- Yes hoặc No? Hãy viết Y hoặc N

1 ls the depth of a river the same as its width?

2 Can you have a high tide and a low tide?

3.Do puddles form when it rains a lot? —

‘4 Can people float in water2

7 Can people swim up a waterfall?

8 Can people sit on the bank of a river2

9 Are canals deeper than seas2

10 Does water flow in a pond?

Ocircle the correct word - Khoanh tron từ dung

> The River Seine (loats/floves through Paris

1 The leaves floated on the surface/underwater

- 21 went sailing on the pond/lake

3 The ship capsized/drowned in the storm

4 | swam across the whole depth/width of the river

5 There’s a little stream/tide at the end of our garden

6 Sadly the dog drowned/sank when the ship capsized

7 You can stand up in the river here; it’s very narrow/shallow

8 Our furniture got very wet during the floods/tides

8 Complete the texts with a suitable word in the correct form

- Hoàn thành bài text với từ phù hợp ở dạng đúng

We had some storms with very heavy rain last summer The river which runs through the city

We had a terrible day sailing on a (Ð) in the mountains last weekend The wind was very strong, and suddenly our little boat (6) and we ended up inthe wa- ter We swam to safety, but watched the boat slowly (7) to the bottom Later we discovered it was very dangerous there, and last year someone (8)

Xa, coast vting ven bié'n the area of land that is close to or next to the sea or an ocean shore bd bién the land along the edge of the sea, a lake, etc steep thang ding A steep hill or cliff goes up quickly from a low place to a high one protect sb/sth from sth bảo uệ ai⁄ cái gì thoát khói thứ gi do keep sb/sth safe from sth protection N rough hung du, day nguy hiém A rough sea has big waves.EPP calm.

80 REVIEW: THE WORLD AROUND US

Our local beach is mainly sandy, with a few rocks and pebbles down by the shore There’s a steep cliff rising above the beach, and children often play in the caves there At the end of the bay there’s a small harbour, When the weather’s bad, the sailing boats are protected from the waves and the rough sea We often see large ships on the horizon

Vùng uen biển ở địa phương của chúng tôi phân lon co rất nhiều đá, có một uài những táng da lớn cà nhiễu đá sỏi dưới bờ biển Có một tách đá dốc đứng mọc lên ở trên bãi biến tà trẻ con thường chơi dùa ở trong những cải hạng ở đó Ở cuối uịnh có một bến cảng nhỏ Khi thời tiết trở nên xấu dị, những chiếc thuyền ru khơi được bảo 0ệ khói những cơn sóng lớn oà biến đây lung dữ Chúng tôi thường ngắm những chiếc tàu khá lớn ở phía xu chân trời © Which words are being defined? Từ nào được định nghĩa u a small stone you find on a beach pebble

1 the line between the land or the sea and the sky

3 an area of sand or small stones beside the sea

4 a high steep area of rock next to the sea

5 a large boat often used to carry passengers

6 the land at the edge of the sea where there is sand or rocks

7 a place where ships or boats are tied up and protected from the sea

8 a large hole in a cliff or under the ground

9 the area of land next to the sea

@ Complete the sentences - Hoan thanh cau u It was a nice day, so we went to the beach

1 When it’s stormy, the sea gets very 2 A huge hit the boat and we capsized 3 The harbour the little boats in bad weather

4 At one end of the beach there are rocks and pebbles, but the other end is

5 You can't climb the cliff; is toao

6 Ì could see a boat the horizon eof Test yourself Cover the text and look at the picture What are the words? - Che bai text và nhìn vào bức hình

Những từ đó là từ gi?

Tôi có thể mô tả về khí hau

Word/Phrase Example Meaning pour (with rain) It’s pouring outside! rain heavily soaking wet SYNC soaked

It was pouring with rain and I got soaking wet extremely wet drizzle v, N It was drizzling when I left the office rain lightly, with very TT ° 6 small drops, drops| rainbow Did you see the rainbow? bitterly cold It’s bitterly cold today extremely cold chilly It gets chilly in the evening | a little too cold to be comfortable mild It’s been a very mild winter | warmer than usual for the time of year heatwave I hate this heatwave! a period of unusually hot weather muggy It’s really muggy today warm and damp in an unpleasant

SYN humid way mist N misty ADJ

You get a lot of mist in the mornings in autumn thin cloud near the ground which is difficult to see through

(not as thick as fog) frost N frosty ADJ There was a frost last night; there’s ice on the car the weather condition when the temperature is below 0°C and ice forms on windows, the ground, etc breeze N breezy ADJ It’s hot today, but there’s a lovely breeze a light wind gale

There were gales last night a strong wind

82 REVIEW: THE WORLD AROUND US

O Tick (ằ) the correct answer - Danh dau tick (“ )vao cau tra lời đúng

4 Which is colder? kĨ a chily day H amild day 1 Which is stronger? 0 a gale (0 a breeze 2 Which is colder? (1 a breezy morning () a frosty morning 3 Which is warmer? [1 a muggy evening Oa chilly evening 4 Which means more water? [It poured for an hour Colt drizzled for an hour

5 Which is harder to see through? []fog O mist 6 Which means more water? OI got wet UI got soaked

9 Complete the words in the texts - Hoan thanh tu trong bai text

While we were out, it suddenly started to ằ peus with rain We didn’t have an umbrella, so we got (1) s wet When the rain stopped, the sun came out and we could see a (2) r It wasn’t cold; in fact, it was quite a (3) m day for November

She woke up It was (4) b cold, and she noticed the (5) fie on the windows By midday, though, the temperature had gone up As she left the house, she felt a few (6) d of rain on her head, then it (7) d for the rest of the day

Last summer was unusually hot; we had a (8) h which lasted for several weeks, and it was incredibly (9) m and unpleas- ant at night © a Tests yourself Cover the words/phrases and examples in the table and look at the meanings What are the words? - Che tu/ cum tu va cac vi du trong bang va xem nghĩa của từ Những từ đó là từ gi?

B Climate change - Thaụ đổi khí hậu ó ì affect N, affect V

An effect is a change which is caused by something

What are the effects of global warming?

To affect something means to make it change in a particular way

Climate change will affect ail our lives (= will make our lives change)

Một ảnh hung là một sự thay đổi gây ra bởi việc gì đó

Những ảnh huông của hiện tượng nóng lên toàn cầu là gì? Ảnh huông thứ gì đó có nghĩa là làm cho nó thay đổi theo một cách riêng biệt

Sự thay đổi về khí hậu sẽ Ảnh hưởng đến tất cả cuộc sống của chúng ta f OUR ENVIRONMENT Ả

MÔI TRƯỜNG CỦA CHÚNG TA

Global warming is the gradual increase in the average temperature of the earth’s’ atmosphere, and is caused by harmful gases Many environmentalists believe that most of this pollution is the result of human activities Here are some of the effects:

Hiện tượng nóng lên toàn cầu là sự tăng dân nhiệt độ trung bình của khí quyển trái đất, oà được gây ra bởi các loại khí có hại Nhiều nhà môi trường học tin rằng hậu hết sự ô nhiễm môi trường này là kết quả từ các hoạt động của con người Đây là một số ảnh hưởng của nó: ® As the ice at the poles” melts, sea levels could rise by almost a metre in the next century

Khi băng ớ các biển tan chảy, mục nước biển có thể dâng lên khoảng một mét uào thế kỷ tiếp theo ® There will be more extreme and unpredictable weather, e.g heatwaves or floods

Thời tiết có thể trở nên khác nghiệt hơn uà khó có thể dự đoán trước, chẳng hạn như sóng nhiệt hoặc lụt lội ® The earth will become even warmer because the rainforest are disappearing

Trái đất thậm chỉ sẽ trở nên ấm hơn bởi uì những khu rừng nhiệt đới đang dần biến mốt ® Famine and disease will spread, and this will especially affect people in poor countries Đói kém uà bệnh tật sẽ lan rộng uè điều này đặc biệt sẽ ảnh hưởng đến dân chúng sống ở các quốc gia nghèo

84 REVIEW: THE WORLD AROUND US

Glossary climate khí hậu the normal weather conditions of a particular region

(the) environment môi trường the natural world; the air, land, and water in which people, plants, and animals live (anenvironmentalist is sb who studies the environment) gradual dan dan happening slowly over a long period of time gradually ADV the atmosphere bau khi quyén the gases around the earth, planets, etc harmful c6é hai causing damage, injury, or illness harm sth/sb v gas khi a substance like air, e.g oxygen and hydrogen pollution su’ 6 nhiém dirty and dangerous gases,chemicals, etc that harm the environment pollute v human có liên quan dén con ngudi connected with people melt tan If you heat ice, it melts: it changes from a solid to a liquid rise nang lén increase; go higher rise N OPP fall v, N extreme cufc ky much hotter, colder, or more violent than usual unpredictable khdng thé dif dodn truédc If sth is unpredictable, you can't say how it will change in the future OPP predictable predict v disappear bién mat stop existing SYN vanish famine nan déi A famine is when there is not enough food in a country disease bénh (at illness in people, animals, or plants spread lan rgng affect more and more people or things

Ocomplete the words - Hoan thanh tu

1 pr d ct ble 2 atmo e r e 9d s se 2dis ear 6 env ro m nt 10 c1 m t

3f m n e 7Pp 1 t n © Good or bad? Write G or B- Tối hay là xấu? Hãy viết G hoặc B :

) This gas won't harm anuone Œ

1 Some kinds of animals are vanishing

2 The flood water is falling

5 The weather is less extreme

6 The earth's temperature is rising - 7 The ice at the poles is gradually melting

@ Circle the correct word - Khoanh tron tu dung

1 How does the situation effect/affect you?

2 It’s all very predictable/unpredictable: you never know what’s go ing to happen

3 My brother studies the environment/an environmentalist

4 Global warming is caused by people/human activity

5 Eat your ice cream quickly — it’s spreading/melting

7 The rainforest is gradually disappearing/melting

8 There are harmful gases in the atmosphere/effect

@ Complete the sentences - Hoàn thành câu

> The earth is gxaduafla getting warmer

1 We had a lot of e weather last year: a long heatwave and gales in the autumn | think it’s all part OÍ C change

2 lf you freeze water, it changes from a Ì !O 4 § 3 The beach was p with oil, which seriously a the sea birds and animals

4 Environmentalists p that there will be a r in sea levels in the future

5 With g warming, some kinds of plants and animals are d very fast

6 Certain diseases s from person to person very quickly

7P has a very h effect on the environment

8 After many months without rain, there is a real danger cfÍ ; in this part of Africa.

86 REVIEW: THE WORLD AROUND US © ABOUT You AND YOUR COUNTRY Write your answers, or ask another student - Viết câu trả lời hoặc hỏi sinh viên khác

1 How worried are you about global warming?

2 Do you have rainforests in your country? If so, what is happen ingto them?

3 Has the climate changed in recent years in your country? If so, how?

4 Which human activities do you think are harming the environ ment most?

Test yourself Cover the glossary meanings and jook at the words What are the meanings? - Che nghia cua glossary va xem tu Nghia cua tu là gi?

Tôi có thể mô tả về những thiên tai

A Types of disaster - Cac loại thiên tai 6 à

Hurricane’: this word is used especially of storms in the western Atlantic It is a violent storm with very strong winds In other parts of the world, especially Asia, it is called a typhoon

Cơn bão: từ này được dùng đạc biệt để chí những cơn bão ở phía tây Đạt Táy Dương Đó là một cơn bão dữ dội có gió rất mạnh ở những phân khác trên thế giới đặc biệt là Châu A, thì cơn bảo này được gọt là typhoon

Earthquake?: a sudden violent movement of the ground causing damage

Trận động đất: một sự di chuyến dữ dội 0à đột ngột của mặt đất gây ra : những tổn thất lớn

Tidal wave’: a very large ocean wave that is caused by a storm or earthquake, and which destroys things when it reaches land :

Sóng thân: một cơn sóng rất lớn ở đại dương được gây ra do bởi bão hoặc động đất uà nó phá hủy tất cá mọi thú khi nó quét uào đất lién

Volcanic eruption® a volcano is a mountain with a hole in the top, and when it erupts, hot gases and lava are forced out into the air and onto the surrounding land

Sự phun trào núi lửa: núi lúa là một ngọn núi có một khe hở ở đỉnh núi, 0à khi nó phun trào, những loại khí nóng 0à dung nham được đấy mạnh uào khong khi vd tran lén vung đất ở xung quanh

Droughts: a long period with no rain Crops die, and people may starve to death

Hạn hán: không có mua một thời gian rất dài Cây cối bị chết uà con người có thể bị chết đói

88 REVIEW: THE WORLD AROUND US

Glossary disaster tai họa a very bad event, causing harm or death violent di ddi very strong and usually causing damage violence N sudden d6t ng6t happening very quickly suddenly ADV, ground mat dat the top part of the earth’s surface that people waik on damage thiét hai harm or injury caused when sth is broken damage v destroy phd huy thi gi sth break sth completely so it can’t be used again destruction N erupt phun trao explode and throw out fire, burning rocks, etc lava dung nham hot liquid rock (see picture) | surrounding that is near or around sth ở xung quanh surroundings N crops cay cdi plants that are grown for food, e.g rice and potatoes, starve chét ddi (to death) suffer (ordie) because you don’t have enough food

@ combine five more pairs of words from the box to form compound words or phrases - Két hgp nhiéu hon nam cap từ trong khung để thành lập từ hoặc cụm từ earth” volcanic tidal surrounding starve land eruption violent wave quake” todeath storm

@ What nouns are formed from these adjectives and verbs?:

Các danh từ nào được thành lập từ tính từ và động từ?

1 destroy 3 erupt 5 damage © Complete the words in the sentences - Hoàn thành từ trong câu

> When the t ta4Ê maue reached land, it was over ten metres high

1 During the h , winds reached over 150 kph, and many homes were either completely d or badly d Ít was a terrible d for the island

2 They expect a period of d : the c will die and people coulds

3 The volcano e without warning and the g was covered in red, hot L

4 There was a5 and vi storm It was the beginning of the t

O Test yourseif Cover the texts and look at the pictures

Can you naine each disaster and what happens? - Che bài text và xem hình ảnh Bạn có thể biết tên của mỗi thảm họa và điều gì xảy ra không?

DONG DAT TAN CONG MANH VAO KASHMIR

Complete the text with words from the box in the correct form - Hoàn thành text với từ được cho trong khung ở dạng đúng

| supply trap earthquake V maintain strike/hit fear collapse evacuate rescue |

When an Praxthquaka(1)a city, there is always a danger that build- ings wil (2) and people will be (3) inside As soon as the immediate danger has passed, the first job is to (4) people from the area, and (5) those in danger At the same time, the government will send in (6) of food, water, and blankets to the disaster area One of the hardest things of all is to (7) a supply of clean drinking water, and there is always the (8) that more people could die

@ Replace the underlined words with a different word that has the same meaning - Thay thế các từ được gạch dưới bằng một từ khác mà có cùng nghĩa

> Many people are afraid that there will be more earthquakes bear

1 Many buildings fell to the gqround

2 It could be a very important decision

3 The villagers have all been moved from the village

4 There are people who are inside their homes and cannot get out

5 Scientists believe the hurricane will reach and attack Florida within 24 hours

6 The number of people killed could be as high as 2,000

7 The storm has done a _qreat deal of damage

8 He was injured while trying to take his son to safety from the fire

Q | Test yourself Look at the glossary words and cover the meanings Can you remember the meanings? - Hãy nhìn vào các từ ở glossary và che nghĩa lại Bạn có thể nhớ nghĩa của từ không?

15 I can describe animals and insects

Tôi có thể mô tả về các loài động vật và côn trùng

A Creatures great and small: wild animals and insects - Những loài động uật lớn uà nhỏ: động uật hoang dã uà côn trùng 6% e trunk tail ° ý tin v* lion elephant stripes ES

Je % Tà wed | liger camel

M ae spots Tế { leopard monkey

92 REVIEW: THE WORLD AROUND US snake 2 f bee TO ` cagle mosquilo MM / se, wing creature loai vata living thing such as an animal, bird, fish, or insect wild hoang da living in natural conditions; not looked after by people insect c6n tring a small animal with six legs, one or two pairs of wings, anda body in three parts

@ one letter is missing Write the words correctly - Con thiéu một mẫu tự Hãy viết từ đúng

4 has wings?f.fy., e , 3 has thick fur? g , b b „TT 4 has a trunk? e

2 is an insect? f , b ,m 7 has a beak and feathers? e o8 Test yourself Cover the words and look at the pictures

Name the creatures - Che từ và nhìn ở bức hình của động vật Hãy đặt tên cho chúng

B Unusual facts about animal ó à Những hiện tượng kù lạ vé động uật

Có khoảng 2.600 loại rắn hhúc nhau Khoảng bốn trăm loài rắn là rắn độc, nhưng có nhiêu loài rắn không gây hại Về kích thước, chúng có nhiêu kích thước rất đa dạng: rắn nhỏ nhất dài khoảng 12 centimét uà rắn lớn nhất dài đến 10 mét uà nặng 250 ky Ran bhông cần năng lượng từ thức ăn (mặt trời cung cấp nhiệt cho cơ thể của chúng), do đó chúng có thể sống trong uài tháng mà hhông cần ăn uống gì cả

Vòng đời trung bình của một con cá mộp là khoảng 2ð năm nhưng một số con cả mộp có thể sống đến 100 năm Chúng có đặc điểm bhác thường là cơ thể của chúng bhông có xương, uà những con cá mập lớn có thể có đến 4000 chiếc răng Chúng rất là nguy hiểm khi chúng săn mỗi nhưng cũng chỉ có một Uài loài cá mập tấn công loài người: có nhiều người chết bởi ong chích hơn là chết bởi bị cá mập tấn công

94 REVIEW: THE WORLD AROUND US

Poisonous có chất độc producing a dangerous substance (poison) that can kill or harm you harmless v6 hainot causing damage, injury, or illness COPP harmful harm N, V vary thay doi (of a group) be different from each other up to [én dén used when saying the most an amount can be weigh can nang have a certain weight N, which is how heavy sth is survive (dn tai continue to live in a difficult situation survival N average trung binh normal or typical lifespan uòng đời the time that sth is likely to live (for people, we say life expectancy) bone xương C=) hunt san mdi sth go after sth to catch and kill it attack tan công ai⁄ cái gì sb/sth try to hurt sb/sth by using physical force attack N ˆ sting chích, đốt a sudden pain caused by poison sent into the skin sting v

O True or false? Write T or F - Đúng hay sai? Hãy viết T hoặc F

> The average lifespan of a snake is 25 years F

1 Most snakes are poisonous esse 2 Most sharks are harmless to humans

3 Some snakes are longer than ten metres 4 Snakes can be as heavy as 250 kilos 5 Sharks have bones in their body 6 Sharks sting when they attack © Answer the questions - Trả lời câu hỏi

> Is attack a noun or a verb, or can it be both? bets

1 What is the noun from the verb survive?

2 If animals have a lifespan, what do people have? Life 3 What is the noun from the verb weigh?

4 What is the adjective from poison?

5 What are the two adjectives from the noun harm? and © Complete the words in these animal facts - Hoan thanh tu trong các hiện tượng của động vật sau đây

> The average 1.ihesP24 of most bees is 30 to 35 days

1 Some snakes can s for almost a year without food

2 Nobody knows the a lifespan of a snake, but in zoos they can reach 30

3 People h sharks for their meat and skin, but also for sport

4 Over 100 people a year die from a bee or Wasp s

5 Snakes can grow u to ten metres long

6 The size of sharks can v from the size of your hand to the size of a bus

C Farm and small animals óì Nông trại uà những con uật nhỏ

| cow › trkey 3 goat 7 donkey O mouse (rice) JL rat

2 rabbit + calf 6 horse S frog 10 bull cows and cattle

A cow is the female animal that is kept on farms to produce milk The male is a bull

Cows and bulls kept as farm animals can be called cattle A group of cows is called a herd

Từ cow là từ chỉ một động vật giống cái được nuôi dưỡng ở nông trại dé sản xuất sữa Con đực được gọi là bull Bò cái và bò đực được nuôi giữ ở nông trại có thể gọi là gia súc Một nhóm bao gồm những con bò được gọi là đàn bò

96 ` REVIEW: THE WORLD AlIOUND US

@ Complete the sentences - Hoàn thành câu

> A goat often has two kesw4 on its head

2 The plural of mouse is

3 Cows, sheep, and produce milk that people drink

4Á cu cv is like a small horse with long ears ĐÁ cuc vo is like a mouse, but is larger

6 Á lives in or near water, and can jump

7 A bull is the adult of the cow family

8 Ác is a group of cows Ó Á, is a large bird, similar to a chicken, that can be eaten vat

29 3 , g 8t y © ABOUT YOU AND YOUR COUNTRY Answer the questions or ask another student- Tra Idi cau hỏi hoặc hỏi sinh viên khác

1 Which of the animals on this page do people eat2

2 Do people keep these animals in your country? If so, why? | horses?

@® a Test yourself Look at the picture and cover the words

Say the words - Nhin vao buc hinh và che từ lai Hay noi ra các từ đó.

Review: The world around us

On tập: Thế giới quanh ta

Unit 11

1 Complete the questions and answers - Hoan thanh caéu hoi va cau tra Idi

Q How long would a l r.esbat take to (1) r Mars?

Q Is the (3) e the only (4) p in the solar (5) s where life (6) e A Yes, most (7) s -believe that to be true

A Most people think it was the ancient Greeks

Q Who (9) ¡ the first American rocket to go into (10) s

A Robert Goddard, in the early twentieth century

Q@ What are ‘Phobos’ and ‘Deimos’?

A They are two small moons or (11) s which (12) c the planet Mars

Q How many stars are there in the (13) u ?

A Nobody knows for sure, but some say (14) r ten thousand billion billion!

2 Complete the definitions - Hoàn thành các định nghĩa

> sun = the star that shines during the 224

1 explore = round a place in order to learn about it 2 far-fetched = easy to believe

3 revolve around something = go round something in a

4 experiment = a scientific in order to learn or find out about something

5 scientist = a person who or teaches science ' 6 confirm = say or show that something is or definite

7 in other words: used for saying something in a way 8 invent = create something that didn’t before

98 REVIEW: THE WORLD AROUND US Unit 12

Unit 13

1 Complete the sentences - Hoan thanh cau

>ằ Cars and factories are causing a lot of pollution 1 Its with rain outside The children will get very wet

2 What are the main of global warming?

3 It’s usually cold in January, but this winter it has been very

4 tnfortunately, it's very hard to the future: anything could happen

5 It was very hot, but fortunately there was a lovely coming off the sea

6 Global warming is causing more weather conditions, which wil people in different parts of the world in dif ferent ways

2 Replace the underlined words with a single word that has the same meaning - Thay thé cac tu’ duge gach dudi bang một từ có cùng nghĩa

> Pollution is damaging the air, land, and water in which we live euvinommend,

1 Global warming will cause damage to the environment

2 If you heat ice, it changes from a solid to a l;quid

3 With global warming, sea levels will get higher

4 Famine could affect more people in a larger area

5 These changes may happen slowly over a period of time

6 Some rainforests will no longer exist

Unit 14

1 Match two sentences below with each of the natural disasters in the box - Hãy nối hai câu bên dưới bằng mỗi từ nói về thảm họa thiên nhiên được cho trong khung hurricane earthquake “ tidal wave volcanic eruption drought

> Many buildings collapsedsorthquake 1 Hot gases came out of the top of the mountain

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3 There was a huge volume of water

4 We've had months without rain

5 There was a sudden violent movement cf the ground

6 When it reached land, it destroyed everything along the beach

7 Lava covered the surrounding villages

8 People are starving to death

9 Many trees were destroyed in the storm

2 Match 1-7 with a - h - Héy ndi tu 1 - 7 với từ a - h

> There has been considerable ‡ a in the early morning

2 The school and several houses ¢ inside buildings

3 They rescued d toll could rise

4 They need to maintain e more will die

Unit 15

1 Complete the table with words from the box - Hoan thanh bang với từ được cho trong khung tiger “calf lion fly whale bee donkey gorilla shark leopard goat mosquito

Wiid animals Farm animals Insects Sea creatures

2 What is the connection between each creature on the left and a word on the right? - Sự liên quan giữa mỗi sinh vật ở bên trái với một từ ở bên phải là gì? tigers“ snakes leopards elephants beak stripes “ trunk spots eagles bears bees goats sting horns fur poisonous

3 Complete the crossword - Hoan thanh 6 chia

8 large animal, lives in the desert

11 a young cow 12 how heavy something is 13 small creature with eight legs DOWN

1 plural of mouse 3 long thin creature, moves along the ground

4 you can die if you eat or drink this

7 not causing injury or danger 9 large sea creature, can be dangerous

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16 I can describe a range of food

Tôi có thể mô tả nhiêu loại thực phẩm

A Fruit,vegetables and herhs ó Trái câu, rau quả,uà tháo mộc

2 apricots re oe 2 leek :, Sie ew

& passion fruits S&S asparagus Nye if i

9 papaya SE “af ij 9 sweetcorn y

1 ` 2 3 herbs: 2 mint 1 parsley 4 thyme 5 rosemary 3 basil `2 $, “mg si oe Ỉ

€Circie the odd one out in each group- Khoanh tròn từ khác biệt với các từ còn lại trong mỗi nhóm

4 fig coconut alley raspberry 3 celery asparagus beetroot thyme 1 leek papaya artichoke asparagus 4 fig sweetcorn pomegranate coconut 2 spinach basil mint rosemary 5 stone grapefruit plum apricot

@ These vegetables are usually cooked, but which ones can you also eat raw? Write C or R Những loại rau này thường nấu chín, nhưng loại rau nào thì bạn cũng có thể ăn sống

> spinachk., artichoke beetroot fennel chickpeas celery broccoli © Find five more fruits from the letters Tim nam loai trai cay từ các mẫu tự ằ BARSERPY+2tglsxa 2 NOCUTOC 4 FRATUGERIP

1 MQLP 3 PRTOCIA 5 DAOVAOC © ABOUT YOUR COUNTRY Write your answers or ask another student - Viết câu trả lời hoặc hỏi sinh viên khác

Do people eat these things in your country? Yes | Yes, but not much 1 No papaya coconut raspberries passion fruit plums basil parsley chickpeas asparagus artichoke sweetcorn fennel t Test yourself Cover the words and name the things in the pictures Che từ và nêu tên của các vật trong bức hình

B Meat, fish, and seafood 60 _ Thịt cá uà đô biển

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1 veal (meat from a 6 trout 11 oyster calf, which is a 7 cod 12 squid young cow)

2 calfs liver 8 sea bass 13 lobster

O What's the missing letter? Write the correct word - Từ thiếu là từ gì? hãy viết tù đúng

> dck.deek 4 squd 8 live 12 samon

@ aBouT YOU AND YOUR COUNTRY Write your answers, or ask another student Viét cau tra lời hoặc hỏi sinh viên khác

1 Which meat do people eat most: veal, rabbit, or duck?

2 Which fish do people eat most: cod, Carp, or salmon?

3.Which seafood do people eat most: crab, clams, or mussels?

4 Are there any kinds of seafood above that you never eat? Why?

5 Are there any kinds of meat above that you never eat? Why?

6 Are there any kinds of fish above that you never eat? Why?

@ a Test yourself Look at the pictures and cover the words

Can you name the different types of meat, fish, and seafood? Hãy nhìn vào bức hình và che từ lại Bạn có thể nêu tên của các loại thịt, cá và thức ăn biển khác nhau không

171 can talk about diets and cooking Tôi có thê nói về việc ăn kiêng và nâu nuống

Ai cần phải ăn kiêng?

| never go on a diet: it’s a waste of time Diets list all the food that is good

| for you, but few people can keep them up | haven’t put on weight in twenty years Here’s why:

Tôi không bao giờ ăn kiêng: đó là việc lãng phí thời gian Chế độ ăn kiêng bao gồm tất cả những thực phẩm tốt cho bạn nhung hầu như rất í người có thể thường xuyên duy trì việc ăn kiêng Trong 20 năm qua tôi chua hề bị tăng cân Đây là các lý do tại Sao: e | eat almost anything I like, but | don’t eat a lot And | don’t eat junk food

Tôi ăn hầu hết các thứ mọi thứ tôi thích nhưng tôi không ăn nhiều Và tôi không ăn những thực phẩm không có lợi cho sức khỏe e | drink plenty of water It’s better for you than fizzy drinks, and cheaper too

Tôi uống rất nhiều nhiều nước Nước thì tốt hơn là những loại đỗ uống có gas và cũng rễ hơn ¢ | avoid snacks between meals because most of ther are fattening

Tôi tránh an dim gilfa cdc bila an béi vi hau hét ching déu gay ra béo phì e [’ve cut down on the amount of food | eat in the evening

Tôi thường hạn chế lượng thúc ăn vào buổi tối e | get plenty of exercise

Tôi tập thể dục rất nhiều

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a waste of time sự làng phí thời gian a bad use of your time (also a waste of money) good for you tốt cho sức khỏe của bạn SYN healthy COPP bad for you / unhealthy : keep sth up tiếp tục lam viéc gi continue doing sth: put on weight tang can become heavier and fatter COPP lose weight junk food dé ăn không tốt cho sức khỏe food which is not good for you (e.g crisps) plenty of sth nhiéu ở mức cần thiết as much of sth as you need fizzy drink đồ uống có gas a drink containing small bubbles of gas snack dé 4n dam a small amount of food usually eaten between meals fattening gay map making you fatter cut down on sth cát giảm thứ gi have less of sth exercise bai lap thé duc physical activity that keeps you healthy

A person’s diet is the food they eat It can be a balanced diet (all the right food the body needs), or a bad diet (too much of the wrong food) Some people diet / go on a diet, which means eating less to lose weight

Chế độ ăn uống của một người là lượng thức ăn mà họ ăn Nó có thể là một chế độ ăn uống cân đối (tất cả những thức ăn phù hợp mà cơ thể cần) hoặc một chế độ không đúng (quá nhiều thức ăn không tốt) Có một số người ăn kiêng, việc này có nghĩa là ăn ft lại để giảm cân © Good for you or bad for you? Write G or B Thức ăn này tốt hay không tốt cho bạn? Hãy viết G hoặc B

1 junk food 5 snacks between meals

3 plenty of water 7 plenty of exercise

> Eat it - is good you 1 They’re both going a diet 4 That diet was a waste time 2 She’s cut down chocolate 5 He’s put a lot of weight.

3 | tried to diet but couldn’t keep it 6 We've got plenty orange juice © Complete the sentences with a suitable word - Hoan thanh cau voi tu phu pnu hợp ABOUT YOU

You shouldn”t eat mụch cream and cheese: they'rehattening,

1 You should drink of water: about 6 to 8 glasses a day

2 You should get plenty of One good way is going to the gym

3 IEs difficult to down on the amount of salt you eat

4 Doing lots of exercise is better than going on a 5 {think diets are a _ of time and money

6 The problem with diets is that most people can't them up

@ ABOUT YOU Do you agree with the sentences in Exercise

3? Write Yes or No - Bạn có đồng ý với những câu trong Exercise 3 không? Viết Yes hoặc No

Ingredients Peel? the potatoes and boil until just cooked, Then mash‘ them with butter

300 9 minced! beef Chop’ the onion and carrot Fry® the meat 300 g potatoes and vegetables quickly, thea stir’ in the

1 large onion flour and cook for one minute Add the 1 carrot stock, tomatoes, salt and pepper, and let 2-3 chopped tomatoes it all cook slowly for 20 minutes Then put 300 ml beef stock it ina large dish, cover with the mashed 1 tablespoon of flour’ potato and some butter, and bake in a butter, salt, and pepper hot oven for 30 minutes.

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Công thức dé néu mén paté

Nguyên liệu 300 g thịt bò xay 300 g khoai tay

1 củ hành lớn 1 củ cà rốt

2-3 quả cà chua xắt nhỏ 300 mi nước hầm thịt bò

1 muỗng canh bột bơ, muối, và tiêu

Gọt củ khoai tây và luộc nó cho cấn khi vừa chín Sau đó nghiền nhỏ khoai tây với bơ XẮt nhỏ củ hành và cà rốt Chiên xơ thịt và rau, sau đó khuấy đều vào bột va nấu trong vòng một phút

Thờm vào nước hầm, cà chua, muỏù và tiờu và nấu nhỏ lửa tất cả chỳng trong 20 phỳt Sau đú đặt nó vào một cái đĩa lớn, phủ lên trên một lúp khoai tây nhuyễn và một ít bở, và nướng trong một chiếc lò nóng trong vòng 30 phút

Glossary recipe công thúc a set of instructions for cooking sth ingredients nguyên liéu the food items you need to have to make sth to eat stock nước ham water with added flavour of meat, fish, or vegetables boil sth tộc thứ gi cook sth in water, usually in a saucepan fry sth chién thi gi cook sth in oil, usually in a frying pan add sth thêm thứ gi put sth together with sth else dish cái đa lớn a container for serving food at the table (it is larger than a plate) bake sth nvéng thi gi cook sth in the oven without oil or fat (with oil or fat

6 Which word is being defined? Tu nao dugc dinh nghia

3 Put something with another thing

4 Press and mix until soft and smooth

7 Cook in the oven without oil or fat

8 Cook in the oven with oil or fat

@ Complete the words in each sentence - Hoan thanh tu trong môi câu

1 I’ve got a good r for spaghetti Bolognese, so we just need to buy the Í

2 A c ccc the meat to the vegetables and fry it for about 10 minutes

3 The frying p is fine, but I need a larger d to serve the meat on

4 You have to b the cake in the o for about 40 minutes

5 lf you add some ẽ , it will make the sauce thicker

6 Add the s , then s the rice continuously while it cooks

Q Test yourself Cover the text and say what you can see in the pictures Then look at the food but cover the cooking instructions How do you make Cottage Pie? -

Che bài text và nói về những gì mà bạn thấy trong hình

Sau đó nhìn vào thực phẩm nhưng che hướng dẫn về nấu nướng Bằng cách nào để bạn làm Cottage Pie?

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Tôi có thể nói về chuyên tiền bac

A Buying things - Mua đồ óà

1 A phone costs €120 You can’t atford it, but there’s a scratch! 4 2 on il, so you ask the shop assistant for a discount They refuse, so you wait They ọgree off, so you buy it and ~ to take €20 for the sales

Then, it is reduced to

-Next day, thơre's a Ce Pirate problem with it, so you take it back and ask for a refund, Bs = You buy it and pay

3 " €100 and they give you €20 change

1 Một chiếc điện thoại trị giá 120 Euro Bạn không có đủ tiển để mua nó, nhưng nó có một vết xước, do đó bạn yêu cầu nhân viên bán hàng giảm giá

2 Họ đồng ý bớt 20 bảng, vì vậy bạn mua nó và nhận biên lại

3 Ngày hôm sau, có vấn để xảy ra với nó, do đó bạn mang nó trả lại và đòi trả lại tiển

4 Họ từ chối do đó bạn đợi đến lúc giảm giá

95 Sau d6, nó được giảm giá xuống còn 80 Euro một món hàng rất rẻ

6 Bạn mua nó và trả bằng tiền mặt Bạn đưa cho họ 100 Euro và họ thối lại cho bạn 20 Euro afford sth có tiền mua được thứ gì If you can afford sth you have enough money to pay for ít scratch vét tray, vét xudc a mark on the surface of sth made by a sharp object (see picture) discount chiết khấu, giảm giá a cut in the usual price of something

SYN reduction off bét di If sth has €20 off, it costs €20 less than usual receipt bién lai a piece of paper that shows that sth has been paid for refund tién tra laf an amount of money paid back to you when you return sth to a shop. the sales bán hàng giảm giá a tỉme when shops sell things at a lower price reduce giảm bớt thứ gì sth make sth less in size, quantity, or price reduction N bargain món hàng có giá rẻ sth that is a good price or is cheaper than usual change tiễn thoi lai lf sth costs €2 and you give the assistant €5, you get €3 change

@ Complete the sentences - Hoàn thành câu

> If something costs €10 less than usual, it has €10.¢ff

1 If you don’t have enough money to buy something, then you can’t it

2 If you ask to pay less than the normal price,you are asking for

5 If you buy something which is a good price for the product, you can say it’s a

6 If you pay with €50 for something that costs €30 you should get

7 When you have paid, the shop assistant should give you a

8 If you want your money back on a product,you can ask for a

9 Complete the questions in the questionnaire - Hoàn thành câu hỏi trong bằng câu hỏi ABOUT YOU

4 Doyou keep the receipt.when you've bought something? l efter ose if 1 When you go shopping, do you always look for a b ?

2 if you saw a product in a shop that had as on it, would you ask the shop assistant to take money 0 — 3 Do you always check your € When YOU Pay? ee 4 Do you often wait and buy things in the s ? If so, what things?

5 Do you often take things back and ask for a r DP ceateeeeteeeeneees © ABOUT YOU Answer the questions in Exercise 2, or ask another student - Tra lời câu hỏi trong Exercise 2, hoặc hỏi sinh viên khác.

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B I’m not very good with money 64 ; T6i khéng gidi lam vé viéc quan ly tién bac

LOSES EVERYTHING!

\ | aria Costas was an ordinary working mum without much income Zuntil she won over €3m on the lottery and became a very wealthy woman She immediately bought a house worth €1m, a car that cost a fortune, and jewellery valued at €250,000 Unfortunately, the house was a waste of money She owned it for six months, never lived there, then had to sell it for much less than she paid for it Maria also wasted huge amounts of money on designer clothes and foreign holidays, and within eighteen months she was completely broke Now she owes the bank over €5,000, and has credit card debts as well.

NGƯỜI THẮNG XỔ SỐ MẤT HẾT MỌI THỨ!

Maria Costas là một bà mẹ nội trợ bình thường không có nhiều thu nhập cho đến khi bà ta trúng sổ số được hơn 3 triệu Euro oà trở thành một người phụ nữ rất giàu có ngay lập tức bà ấy đã mua một căn nhà trị giá 1 triệu Euro, 1 chiếc xe hơi đắt tiền nà đỗ trang sức trị giá khoảng 250 000 Euro Không may thay, ngôi nhà đó sẽ là một sự lãng phí tiền bạc Bà sở hữu ngôi nhà trong 6 tháng, không bao giờ sống ở đó, sau đó bán nó uới giá tiên rẻ hơn nhiều so uới Bid tién ma bà đã mua Maria cũng lãng phí rất nhiều khoáng tiền lon vao vibe thiết hế quân do va di du lich ở nước ngoài 0à trong uòng 18 tháng bà đã hoàn toàn bị sạch túi,

\_ Bay giờ bà nợ ngân hàng hon 5 000 Euro va thé tin dung của bà cling bi mde no ) Glossary income thu nhap the money you earn from work, plus any other money you receive wealthy giau cé rich SYN well off worth If a flat is worth €3m, you could sell it for €3m (that is the value) cost a fortune trị giá rất đắt tiền be very expensive value sth at sth định giá thứ gì là bao nhiêu decide what sth is worth, or what you could sell it for waste of money su lang phi tién bac a bad use of money own sth sở hữu thứ gif you own sth, it is yours; it belongs to you huge rat ién_ very large SYN massive amount số lượng a quantity of sth; a sum of money broke sạch tuilNF having no money owe sb sth no ai do thif gi have to pay money to sb for sth they have done or given debt tién nd an amount of money that you owe sb.

0 u Cover the text Answer the questions - Che bai text Tra lời cau hoi

> How did Maria become wealthy? She wou the lotte ny

1 How much was her new house worth2

2 What was her jewellery valued at2

3 How long did she own her new house2

4 Why was the house a waste of money?

5 How much does she owe the bank2

6 Does she have any other debts2

6 Rewrite the sentences using the words in capitals Viét lai câu băng cách dùng chữ hoa

> My boss has a lot of money WEALTHY My bess it very wealthy

1 It’s a very large house HUGE 200 ccc cee cece ee ee ce ee enna ane eeeees 2 The house is worth £2,000,000 VALUE .cccccesccnseceeereeeenee

3 Rani hasn’t got any money BROKE 19k TY ng 11 ng 4 The flat doesn’t belong to me OƠWN Quy 5 Her shoes were very expensive FORTUNE

6 Gisela has debts of €5 ,000 OWE Quy kg hề

@ Complete the sentences - Hoàn thành câu

> The watch went wrong after two months; it was a waate of money

1 My uncle won a huge of money, so he’s very off now

2 | haven’t got any money; I’m completely |

3 It’s a nice flat, but it isn’t half a million euros

4 It’s an absolutely school: there are about 2,500 students

5 He’s got a day job and an evening job, so he has a good

Q a Test yourself Look at the glossary words and cover the meanings What are the meanings? - Hay nhin vao tu d glossary va che nghia lai Nghia cua tu la gi?

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Tôi có thể nói về giấc ngủ

A Before, during, and after sleep óà Trước khi, trong khi uà sau khi ngủ

BEFORE: You feel sleepy, start yawning’, and decide to go to bed You might put on pyjamas’ or a nightie’, perhaps set the alarm’, and then get into bed Soon, if you’re lucky, you fall asleep

TRƯỚC KHI NGỦ: Bợạn cảm thấy buôn ngủ, bắt đầu ngáp, va quyết định di ngủ Bạn có thể mặc đô pyjamas hoặc đô ngủ, có thể đặt chuông đồng hô báo thúc, uà sau đó lên giường Nếu như bạn may mỗn, thì chẳng mấy chốc bạn sẽ ngủ thiếp đi

DURING: When you’re asleep, you have dreams’ and possibly nightmares Some people snore’; at this point they’re fast asleep

TRONG LUC BAN NGU: Trong lic ban ngu, bạn nằm mơ uà có khi là gặp ác mộng

Một số người lai ngdy; vao thời điểm này họ ngủ rất sâu

AFTER: 7.30 a.m The alarm goes off It might wake you up, or you might be wide awake already People without an alarm might oversleep, others might decide to have a lie-in

SAU KHI NGỦ: 7.30 am Chuông báo thức reo lên Nó có thể đánh thức bạn dậy., hoặc bạn có thể mơ màng tỉnh dậy rồi Những người không đặt chuông báo thúc có thể quên, một số khác lại có thể quyết định ngủ nướng thêm nữa. sleepy budn ngti tired and ready to go to sleep fall asleep ngu thiép di start sleeping SYNC go to sleep asleep dang ngu sleeping nightmare ac méng a bad dream fast asleep ng sdu sleeping deeply SYNC in a deep sleep OPP wide awake go off rung chuéng ring or make a noise wake sb up danh thitc ai day make sb stop sleeping oversleep ngu quén sleep longer than you should or want have a lie-in ngd nudng INF stay in bed later than usual

@ Replace the underlined word or phrase with words or phrases with the same meaning - Thay thế từ hoặc cụm từ được gạch dưới với từ hoặc cụm từ có cùng nghĩa

I felt u tired, so | went to bed quite early last night u.skeepy went to sleep without a problem and very soon | was 1 in a deep sleep Unfortunately, in the middle of the 2 night, | had a bad dream which woke me up After that, 3

I was awake for ages and didn’t fall asleep again until 4 about half past four, so when the alarm rang just after Đ seven, | didn’t hear it and | carried on sleeping When | 6 finally woke up, | felt terrible Đ Complete the sentences - Hoàn thành câu

1 Barry’s still in bed and he’s fast ugateep Do you want me to him up?

2 | felt really , 80 | went to bed

3 | forgot to my alarm last night, and I’m afraid I this morning

41 don’t have to get up early tomorrow, so | think I'll have a

5 It was after midnight but | still felt wide

6 | felt really tired — | couldn’t stop

7 My husband wears red in bed and so loudly that he keeps me awake

98 Test yourself Cover the text above Say what you can see ùn the pictures Che bài text ở trờn Núi những gỡ mà bạn thấy ở trong hình.

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B Sleep habits 62 Những thói quen trong lúc ngủ đ ABOUT YOU

Antonio: “TT sleep like a log wherever lam" se

Antonio: “Tôi ngủ rất là say mặc dù tôi ngủ ở bất cứ nơi nào

Elia: ‘If I eat late, I often have a restless nigh) ren kia: Nếu tôi ăn muộn, tôi thường bị mất ngủ cả đêm.”

Hiroko: ‘TI need a good night’s sleep, otherwise | can’t concentrate the next day.’

THrobho: “Tôi cần phải ngủ ngon suốt có đêm, nếu không thì hôm sau tôi không thể tập trung làm uiệc được."

Raul: ‘Lack of sleep makes me realy irritable' se lừaul: “Thiếu ngủ rất đễ làm cho tôi cáu bình"

Suzanna: ‘I often have nightmares and wake up feeling exhausted."

Suzama: “Tôi thường gặp ác mộng uà khi thúc dậy thường cảm thấy mệt mỏi." -

Carla: ‘I’ve always been a heavy sleeper - nothing disturbs me’ „—

Carla: “Tôi luôn là người ngủ rất say- hông có cái gì có thể củn trở giấc ngủ của tôi

Nick: ‘I suffer from insomnia, so I never get much sleep.” — s

Nick: “Tôi bị chứng mốt ngủ, do 0ậy không bao giờ tôi ngủ nhiều được.”

Agnieszka: ‘During the day, I often have a MAP? ke

Agnieszka: ‘Suét ed ngay, toi thường có những giấc ngủ ngắn ` Omar: ‘When there are things on my mind - like exams - Ì sleep realiv badly.’ ‘

Omar: ‘Khi t6i dang nghi thit gi trong ddu - nhu la nghi vé viée

Vi cu- thi téi ngu that su la khéng ngon.’ J habit théi quen a thing you do often, almost without thinking sleep like a log ngui rat say sleep very well COPP sleep badly have a restless night bi mat ngd be unable to sleep well and often wake up concentrate (on sth) tap trung vao viéc gi give all your attention to sth lack of sth thiếu thứ gia situation in which you don’t have enough of sth (e.g money, food, or sleep). irritable dé cau kinh becoming angry easily

‘exhausted rat mét mdi, kiét suc extremely tired, physically or mentally a heavy sleeper mét nguoi ngu rat sau a person who doesn’t wake up easily

COPP a light sleeper disturb sb quay ray ai do sth to stop sb who is trying to sleep, work, etc suffer from sth bi mắc phải bénh gi have the experience of sth unpleasant insomnia chifng mat ngu If you suffer from insomnia, you are often unable to sleep have a nap ngủ trong thời gian ngắn have a short sleep, e.g for half an hour on my mind nghi trong dau if sth is on your mind, you’re thinking or worrying about it

@ Find six more phrases in the box Hay tim thém sáu cụm từ trong khung concentrate “have like a log insomnia have a restless sleep a nap a heavy on something “ on night suffer from sleeper my mind

@ complete the sentences with suitable words or phrases - Hoàn thành câu với từ hoặc cụm từ phù hợp

1 These days I often have a after lunch; it’s almost become a

2 After a relaxing bath and a hot drink, | always sleep

3 | never sleep more than three hours a night - Ì insomnia

4 | had too much to eat and drink last night, and | had a very night

5 I didn’t sleep well last night because I’ve got a lot of things on my

6 Nothing me at night — I’m a very sleeper

7 | was absolutelylast night and | slept for ten hours

8 I’m afraid I’m a bit irritable at the moment I’m suffering from a

— Of Sleep : © ABOUT YOU Read the statements at the top of the page again

Are they true for you? Write your answers or ask another student Đọc các câu ở đầu trang lần nữa Đối với bạn có đúng không? Hay viết câu trả lời hoặc hỏi sinh viên khác.

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Tôi có thể nói về việc bị thương

A Burns and cuts é à Bị bỏng va bị đứt tau

Hold the affected area under running water’ for15 minutes

Cover it with a dry, clean dressing’ to prevent infection

If symptoms of infection develop, see your doctor

Minor burns nS Da sO eee A burn, v

Dat ving da bi béng ở dưới voi nước máy trong uòng 15 phút Che vét bdng bằng một miếng băng gạc khô, sạch sẽ để tránh khỏi bị nhiễm trùng Nếu triệu chứng nhiễm trùng phát triển, hãy gặp bác sĩ ,

Wash and dry your hands thoroughly

Clean the wound under running water

Dry the area and put a dressing over it temporarily while you clean the skin bandage vy, x around the wound Cover the cut completely with a dressing, or bandage’

3 it It should heal up in a few days

4â Hay rita uà lau tay cẩn thận Làm sạch

‹ ESS vét thuong ở đưới uòi nước máy Lau khô uết thương, uà tạm thời đặt lên trên Uết thương một miếng băng trong khi ban dang lau 0uùng da xung quanh oết thương Che uết thương lại hoàn toàn bằng một miếng băng, hoặc băng bó uết thương lại Vết thương có thể lành trẻ lại trong một ouời ngày cover sth che, bao phủ cái giput sth over sth, especially to protect it prevent sth phòng ngưa bénh gi stop sth from happening prevention N infection sự nhiễm trùng an itlness caused by bacteria or a virus symptom triéu chting a change in your body which is a sign of illness develop phat trién grow or increase thoroughly một cách kũ lưỡng in a very careful and complete way wound uết thương an area of damage to part of your body (especially a cut) temporarily một cách tạm thời for a short time only heal OR heal up lành lại become healthy again

@ Complete the words - Hoàn thành từ

> pre ve.nt ả4th r ghỉl 6s mpt m 1 inf ion 4w nd 7t por r ly 2b nd qge 2bl d 8 d v Ì p

8 Complete the texts - Hoan thanh bai text

I was cooking last weekend and picked up a hot pan and ằ buawt my- self It was really painful

Il held the (1) b under (2) r water for fifteen minutes, then | (3) c it with a dressing | made sure it was clean because you have to (4) p infection Since then, it’s got a lot better and | haven’t had any (5) s of infection

I cut my hand yesterday | cleaned the (6) w under running water, then covered it (7) t with a (8) d , and washed the skin around it ẽ couldn't find a (9)b , so | went to the chemist’s for one | probably didn’t clean the wound (10) t enough, as it hasn’t (11)h very well, and I think I’ve got an (12) ¡

98 Test yourself Look at the glossary words and cover the meanings Can you remember the meanings? Nhìn vào từ ở glossary và che nghĩa của chúng lại Bạn có thể nhớ nghĩa của chúng không?

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Một uụ chấn thương nghiêm trọng

The other day I slipped’ and fell I started to feel dizzy’ and then! backwards and banged myelbow’ fainted’ ] was unconscious for a on the ground minute or so

Một ngày nọ tôi bị trượt uà ngã uê Tôi bắt đầu cảm thấy xay xẩm chóng phía sau uà đập khủy tay của tôi lên mặt uà sơu đó tôi ngất đi Tôi bị bất mặt đất tính trong khoảng một phút

When I came round, my arm was very painful It was quite swollen and bruised’, but it wasn’t bleeding I realized it was a serious injury, so I went to hospital

= Rhi tôi tỉnh dậy, cánh tay của tôi rất là

” đau nhức Nó hơi bị xưng lên và bị thâm tím, nhưng nó không chảy máu Tôi nhận ra nó bị chấn thương nghiêm trọng, do đó tôi đã đi đến bệnh viện nasty nghiêm trọng very bad or unpleasant injury sự bị thương an area of damage done to sb's body,especially in an accident injure v. backward(s)hướng vé phia sau in the direction behind you COPP forward(s) bang sth đập uào thứ gi hit a part of your body against sth when you are moving dizzy chóng mặt feeling as if everything is turning around and you might fall unconscious bat tinh in a state like sleep, often caused by an injury OPP conscious come round tinh day become conscious again COPPS faint, pass out swollen xung, tay larger than usual because of an injury bleed chay mau lose blood from your body © True or false? Write T or F - Đứng hay sai? Hãy viết T hoặc F

> If you come round, you are conscious

1 If you bang your head, it always bleeds

2 If you faint, you become unconscious

3 If you lose blood, you always faint

5 A nasty burn is a serious burn

6 If you slip, you can easily fall

7 Your elbow is at the end of your arm

8 A swollen finger is bigger than usual

9 Feeling dizzy is very painful

10 Backwards is the opposite of forwards

@ A word is missing Where from?Write it at the end - Co mét từ bị thiếu Ở chỗ nào? Hãy viết vào cuối câu

> The ball hit him next to his eye; his eye was quite { the next day

1 Ton the ice and fell over ‹

2 I know he slipped, but did he fall or forwardSồ

3 He fainted, and when he came he didn’t know where he was

4 Nobody was killed, but three people were in the accident

5 She her head on the door and fell to the floor ‘ 6 My finger was so I put a dressing on it

@ ABOUT YOU Which of the following have you done or experienced? Tick them - Diéu nao sau day ma ban da lam hoặc trải nghiệm? Hãy đánh dấu kiểm

1 had a swollen eye 4 slipped and fallen into a river

2 fainted in a public place 5 had a nasty burn on your arm

3 had a serious injury 6 lost quite a lot of blood in an accident.

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21 | can talk about cars and driving me + ^ “ee a o a on “@

Tôi có thể nói về xe hơi và việc lái xe

1 bonnet 2 windscreen wir 3 windscreen 4 boot

5 wheel 6 tyre 7 door handle 8 wing mirror 9 number plate 10 headlights 11 engine 12 steering whee]

13 speedometer 14 ignition 15 rear-view miri 16 gear stick/leve 17 accelerator 18 brake 19 clutch 20 horn © combine words from the box to form six more compound words - Kết hợp từ được cho trong khung để thành lập thêm sáu từ ghép rear-view “steering door sswindscreen lever mirror number wing gear wheel mirror “ wiper handle plate

@ outside the car or inside the car2 Write 0 or I - Những bộ phận này nằm ở bên ngoài xe hơi hay bên trong xe hơi? Hãy viết O hoặc I

6 rear-view mirror © Complete the sentences - Hoàn thành câu lf you want to 8wtiew

> start the car, turn on the

1 stop, put your foot on the

2 change gear, put your foot on the

3 go faster, put your foot on the 4 store luggage, open the -

5 look at the engine, open the -

6 see at night, turn on the

7 turn a corner, look ẽn yOUF -.ô- 8 drive in the rain, turn on the

Q warn someone, pr€SS yOLT :. -::

O Test yourself Cover the words and look at the pictures

How many things can you name?- Hãy che từ và nhìn vào bức hình Bạn có thể nêu tên bao nhiêu đồ vật?

B Driving tips 6) Nhiing Idi khuyén danh cho viéc lái xe

Nude 161 KHUYEN DE LAI XE AN TOAN HON ® Always be prepared for bad road conditions and bad drivers

Luôn luôn chuẩn bị tính thần sẵn để đối phó uới những điều biện hhông tố t uề đường xá uà những người lái xe ếu e On wet roads, brake, steer, and accelerate gently to avoid skidding

Khi ldi xe trên những con đường ẩm ướt, hãy dùng thắng lào lái oà tăng tốc châm chậm để tránh bị trượt ¢ Watch out for motorcyclists and cyclists; give them plenty of space when overtaking

Hãy cẩn thận theo dõi những người lúi xe mô tô oè những người đi xe đạp; khi uượtu lên trước họ hãy nhường cho họ một khoảng đường rộng ° In car parks, reverse into a parking space rather than drive into it Ở các bãi đỗ xe hơi, hãy cho xe chạy lùi uào nơi đậu xe chứ đừng lái +e Đào trong đó © Keep to the speed limit and don’t drive too close to the vehicle in front

Hãy lái xe trong giới hạn tốc độ cho phép uà đừng lái xe quá gần uới À- những xe cộ ở phía trước _J tỉp lời khuyên a piece of practical advice be prepared for sth be ready and able to deal with any problems chuẩn bị sẵn sàng cho việc gì prepare v brake thang xe go more slowly or stop a vehicle by using the brakes steer lách qua xe khác control the direction a vehicle is moving in accelerate tang téc go faster COPP slow down skid trượt suddenly move sideways without control ' watch out can thin xem ching be careful because there is a possible danger overtake sb/sth go past sb/sth that is going more slowly vượt lên trước ai/ vat gi , reverse lái xe chạy lùi go backwards in a car rather than — thay vi instead of; in place of speed limit gidi han t0c dj the highest legal speed at which you can drive on a road close to sth gan voi thi? gi — near sth ieee Keep

Keep often means ‘continue or stay in a particular place or condition’

Keep to the speed limit (Stay below the speed limit.) Keep /eft (Stay on the left.)

Kepp thudng cé nghia ‘tiép tuc hoac duy trì trong một nơi hoặc điểu kiện cụ thể

Hãy lái xe trong tếc độ giới hạn cho phép

Hóy ệ bờn trỏi © Cover the glossary, then complete the meanings - Hãy che glossary, sau đó hoàn thành nghĩa của chúng

> brake = 4top a vehicle 1 overtake = go another car 2 accelerate = go

5 steer = control the of the vehicle 6 rather than = Of

0 Compiete the sentences - Hoan thanh cau

1 The weather was awful and | wasn’t really for it

2 | never go over the speed ,„ or drive too to the cars in front

3 He crashed into the tree after he on the wet road

4 There’s a school on the corner, so out for small children

5 Do you always to the speed limit?

6 | parked in the street than the car park because it’s free.

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©@ ABOUT YOU Write your answers, or ask another student - Hãy viết câu trả lời hoặc hỏi sinh viên khác

1 Are these useful tips, or did you know them already?

2 Do you usually brake and accelerate gently2

3 Do you usually reverse into parking spaces in a car park? Why/

4 Are there times when you don’t keep to the speed limit?

5 Do you know what to do if your car skids? Was it a bad accident? s@kiousg, 1 Fortunately the driver wasn’t hurt

2 There are too many cars, vans, and lorries on the road

3 The van crashed into another car

4 The car went sideways out of control on the icy road

5 The police and an ambulance érrived within minutes

6 The accident happened late last night © Complete the sentences- Hoan thanh cau

>ằ The car was hit by a big wan

1 We couldn’t get by because there was a fallen tree the road 2 | think the driver must have on the ice

3 There was a accident last week when a woman was nearly killed

4 You should move into the outside ch kh kg to overtake another car

5 The car on the way to the airport and i had to ring for help

6 Several people were , and they were taken to hospital of Test yourself Cover the glossary words and look at the meanings Say the words Hay che tu 6 glossary va nhin vào nghĩa của chúng Nói ra các từ.

23 | can talk about clothes and fashion

Tôi có thê nói về quân áo và thờ trang

1 cap 9 silk dress 15 V-neck sweater

2 cotton blouse/shirt 10 short sleeves 16 ‘button

3 belt tcoat 17 suede shoes waistcoa 11 collar

6 high-heeled leather boots 13 necklace

Necklace, bracelet, ring, and earrings are all examples of jewellery

Cotton and silk are types of material SYNC fabric

Leather and suede are materials made from animal skin

Dây chuyển, vòng đeo tay, nhẫn và đôi hoa tai tất cả đều là những ví dụ đại diện về đồ trang sức

Vải cotton và vải lụa là các loại vải

Da thuộc và dà đanh là những chất liệu được lam ty da động vật.

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Underwear: 1 bra 2 knickers 3 slip 4underpants 5 vest

Ocomplete the words - Hoan thanh tw

Cover the words and look at the pictures Are these statements true or false? Write T or F - Hãy che từ và nhìn vào bức hình

Cac éau nay đúng hay là sai? Viết T hoặc F

1 Amy’s wearing a belt 6 Amy’s blouse has got short sleeves

2 Gavin's wearing a ring 7 Beth’s dress has got two pockets

3 Beth’s wearing tights 8 Beth’s wearing high-heeled shoes

4 Beth’s dress has got two buttons on it 9 Amy’s-wearing earrings

5 Gavin’s wearing denim jeans 10 Amy’s wearing a denim skirt © complete the table with words from the box - Hoan thanh bảng với các từ được cho trong khung cotton skirt waistcoat vest bracelet leather cap underpants” ring necklace slip bra blouse suede earrings silk

O complete the questions with words from the box - Hoan thành câu hỏi với các từ được cho trong khung belts leather “ cap denim ring neck sleeves silk bracelet material

ABOUT YOU ằ Do you ever wear a S4P ? Ifso, when and why? semnenreee 1 Đo you wear a ? lfso, on which finger(S)2) ueeerriee 2 Do you wear a 2 |fso, on which wrist? saneeeeeeeeeteee 3 How many leather have you got? Hee 4 How many pairs of jeans have you got? eneaseeeeeerenes 5 What have you got that is made of 0] ee Pea eeeseeeseees 6 Have you got any V- sweaters2 lf so, what colour2 - 7 in summer, do you wear short alot? seneeeeettetees es 8 Do you have a favourite ? If so, what? senuaeaeateaters © ABOUT YOU Write your answers to Exercise 4, or ask another student - Hay viét cau trả lời ở Exercise 4, hoặc hỏi sinh viên khác og Test yourself Look at the pictures and cover the words

Can you name the items? Hãy nhìn vào bức hình và che từ lại Bạn có thể nêu tên của các mục từ

B Fashion - Thời trang stylish hợp thời trang attractive and fashionable style N suit pha hop if something suits you, it looksgood on you figure voc dang the shape of the body, especially that of a woman fashionable hgp thdi trang popular at the present time EPP unfashionable neutral frung tinh (of a colour) not strong or bright neutral N elegant thanh lich attractive and well designed versatile da nang having many different uses match pha hop look good with something else matching ADJ outfit b6 trang phuc a set of clothes that you wear together transform sth thau đổi hoàn toàn thứ gì theo hướng tích cực change sth completely, usually in a positive way.

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latest gần đâu nhất new or very recent accessory sth you wear or carry that goes with your clothes, phụ kiện kèm theo — e.g a bag £ >)

Three golden rules for fashion Ba guy fac pang dành cho thời trang

Cashion expert Alyson Walsh says that every stylise woman should have a

‘capsule wardrobe’ - a timeless collection of clothes for every occasion This includes: a little black dress, the perfect jeans, leather handbag, a fine wool jumper, white shirt, knee-length skirt, etc Being stylish is about what suits you and your figure.! Here are three golden rules:

Chuyén gia vé thoi trang Alyson Walsh noi rang tat cd moi ngudi phụ nữ hợp thời trang nên có một Tủ quân áo đa dạng' - một bộ sưu tập thời trang khéng bi anh hưởng bởi thời gian dinh cho tat cé moi dip No bao gim: mot chiéc do ddm mau hoi den, một quân jeans hoàn hảo, một túi xách tay bằng da thuộc, một chiếc áo khoác đẹp bằng len, một chiếc áo so mi mau trắng, một chiếc uáy đài ngang gối, 0u Tính hợp thời trang là nói uê những trang phục phù hợp uới ban va voc dáng của bạn Sau đây là ba quy tắc uờng: ° Spend as much as possible on the basics (your capsule wardrobe) and don’t worry too much about fashionable clothes - you probably won’t wear them after one season

Bỏ càng nhiều càng tốt để mua những quần do co ban (ti quan do cơ bản) 0à đừng lo lắng quá nhiều oễ những hiểu trung phục hợp thời trang- có thể bạn sẽ không còn mặc chúng sau mỗi mùa ° Choose neutral colours: black, cream, white, and dark blue Neutrals look elegant, and are versatile and easy to match Just think of Armani fashions, year after year

Hay chon ra những màu sắc trung tính: màu đen, màu kem, mau trắng, uà màu xanh đậm Những màu sắc trung tính trông rất thanh lịch, uà cũng rất đa năng uà rất dễ để kết hợp phù hợp uới những trang phục khác Từ năm này sung năm khác chỉ nên nghĩ đến những trang phục thời trang của Amani ° A simple outfit can be transformed with the latest fashion accessory, e.g a belt

Một bộ trang phục đơn giản có thể được thay đổi hợp thời trang hơn bằng những phụ hiện thời trang mới nhất, chẳng hạn như một chiếc thắt lưng

@ Circle the correct answer - Khoanh tron cau tra loi dung

> It’sa fashionable jacket — | can wear it on different occa sions

1 You should buy that blouse; it suits/matches your skirt

2 She wore a very unfashionable/stylish jacket — it looked awful

3 I need to get a new figure/outtit for my brother’s wedding

4 This coat is the latest/neutral fashion, but I don’t particularly like the style/figure

5 | think that dress really matches/suits you

6 My mother’s got a versatile/very good figure

7 You can make a simple dress look great with the right outfits/ accessories ‘

8 | always wear neutral/bright colours, but they can be a bit boring

8 Complete the sentences - Hoan thanh cau

>ằ She can wear tight jeans because she has such a good

1 | bought some pink shoes and a handbag; they look great together

2 Pd love to be like Mary; she looks so whatever she wears

3 | want a pair of those trousers; they’re the fashion

4 She never wears red — it doesn't her

5 Black is very because you can wear it with almost anything

6 She’s got a new hairstyle and it completely the way she looks

7 Expensive such as bags and belts can have a big effect on how you look

8 | really like her new because it all works well together © 5 Test yourself Cover the glossary meanings and look at the words What are the meanings?Hay che nghia glossary và nhìn vào từ Nghĩa của từ là gì?

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Unit 16

1 Complete the table with the words from the box- Hoan thanh bảng với các từ được cho ở trong khung fig beetroot basil “ cod veal sweetcorn rabbit oysters pomegranate salmon clams parsley broccoli raspberry carp thyme mussels mint sea bass liver crab kidney leeks apricot

Herbs Fruit Vegetables Fish Seafood Meat ằ basil

Unit 17

1 Complete the definitions - Hoan thanh dinh nghia

1 junk food = food which is good for you 2 cut down on food = eal food

3 healthy food = food which is for you 4 a waste of money = a use of your money 5 put on weight = become something 6 fry = cook in

7 bake = cook in the oven oil or fat 8 chop = into small pieces

9 fattening = making you put on

10 recipe = a set of instructions for something

Unit 18

1 Complete the crossword, using the clues at the top of the next page The letters in the grey squares spell out another phrase related to money What is it? - Hoan thành 6 chu, bằng việc dùng đầu mối ở đầu trang kế tiếp Các mẫu tự ở ô vuông màu xám ghép thành một cụm từ khác có liên quan đến tiên bạc Cụm từ đó là gì?

1 apiece of paper that shows that something has been paid for 2 informal phrase meaning ‘wealthy’ (two words)

3 a time when shops sell things at a lower price (two words) 4 a bad use of something, e.g money or time

5 If something costs €15, you give the shop assistant €20 and you

6 haven’t got enough money to do something (two words) 7 informal word for having no money

8 a very good price for something you are buying

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Unit 19

1 Complete the text with suitable words - Hoan thanh bai text với từ phù hợp

Insomnia: how to get a good night’s sleep

Many people suffer from insomnia They may not be able to (1) asleep

Others may wake up during the night and not (2) back to sleep again; or they may wake up too early in the morning

No, not really, but if you suffer from a (8) of sleep, it can make you feel tired, depressed, and (4) It can also make it hard to (ð) on your work during the day

How much sleep do I need?

Adults need 7-8 hours a night If you feel (6) during the day, you aren’t getting enough sleep at night.However, sleep (7) may change with age For example, older people may sleep less at night but have a(8) during the day

A sleep diary can help you understand your sleeping patterns You have to keep a record of when you go to sleep and wake up, how often you have a restless (9) , etc And if you sleep badly, you can write down whether you have things on your (10) , for example, family problems;or worries at work.

Unit 20

†1 Read the definitions and complete the words - Hãy đọc định nghĩa và hoàn thành từ

4 ban.dege thin white cloth you tie around a cut or wound 1bl lose blood from the body

2di feeling as if everything is turning round and you might fall 3 pre stop something from happening

4 sym a change in your body which is a sign of illness 5 inf an illness caused by bacteria or a virus

6 inj an area of damage in the body, often caused by an accident 7 dev grow, increase, or change into something

8 tho in a very careful and complete way

Unit 21

1 Match 1-7 with a-h to make compound words - Hay ndi tu 1 - 7 với từ a - h để thành lập từ ghép

> wing Bo a stick 1 steerindg b wiper 2 gear c handle 3 speed d mirror 4 rear-view e plate 5 door f wheel 6 number g mirror 7 windscreen h limit

Unit 22

1 Tick (1 the words that are possible in the sentence - Đánh dấu tick (⁄) vào từ mà nó có thể ở trong câu

>ằ We were stuck Widelayed 1 stopped off O in a traffic jam

1 The train was cancelled 1 held up D1 collided D1

2 We stopped on the outskirts [1 the rush hour LÌ the tuau LÌ

3 He turned up in a lane 0) a vehicle 0 an ambulance O 4 They crashed into a coach 0) a van 0) an accident O

5 The car broke.down 0) hired crashedD 6 The passengers were turned up O1 injured O) delayed H1

7 ve got a 0alid ticket LÍ a dau return UO) a traffic jam oO

8 The train gets inQ is due O ends up DO at two o'clock.

142 REVIEW: DAILY LIFE

Unit 23

1 Circle the one which is different - Khoanh tròn từ mà có nghĩa khác

> blouse waistcoat sweater uti 4 cotton denim silk vest 1 cap style boot sweater 5 earrings button necklace ring 2 leather bracelet suede cotton 6 suede fashionable elegant versatile 3 collar pocket dress sleeve 7 bra knickers underpants underwear

2 Complete the sentence so that it means the same as the sentence on the left- Hoàn thành câu sao cho nghĩa của nó cùng nghĩa với câu ở bên trái

4_ 1 don't like strong colours Ilike *&©ew#xAÊ_ colours ' 1 You can wear this blouse with anything This blouse is very 2 Her bag’s the same colour as her shoes Her bag her shoes 3 Her new hairstyle looks really good on her Her new hairstyle her

4 | need a new skirt and jacket for work {need a new for work 5 I’m going to get a necklace and some earrings I'm going to get some 61 don't like cotton or silk I don’t like these

24 | can describe a visit to the dentist

Tôi có thể mô tả một lân đi khám nha sĩ

I’d had toothache for a couple of weeks When I tried to bite or chew on one of ) my back teeth, it was very painful I needed to have a check-up anyway, so I rang the dental surgery and made an appointment for Friday The dentist examined my teeth and told me I needed two fillings, and said he would have to take out the tooth which was causing the pain I’ve got to go back for treatment on Tuesday, and I’m dreading it

Tôi bị đau răng đã được uài tuân Lúc tôi cố gắng cắn hoặc nhai bằng một trong những chiếc răng ở phía sau, thì rất là đưu đớn Dù sao đi nữa tôi cần phải đi khám răng Vì uậy tôi đã gọi điện cho phòng khám nha bhoa uà sắp xếp cuộc hẹn uào thứ Sáu Người nha sĩ đã khám răng cho tôi va bảo tôi lò tôi cần phải trám hai chiếc răng, rồi nói ông ấy sẽ phải nhổ đi chiếc răng mà đang gây đau đớn cho tôi Tôi phải quay trở lạt để điều trị uào ngày thỳ Ba, uà tụi đang ẽo sợ uễ điờu đo: dread, look forward to

If you are dreading something, youare afraid of something that is going to happen If you are looking forward to something, you are happy or excited about something that is going to happen

I dread going to the dentist

My treatment finishes tomorrow; I’m really looking forward to that

Nếu bạn đang lo sợ về điều gì thì bạn đang lo sợ rằng điểu đó sẽ phải xảy ra Nếu bạn mong đợi điều gì, thì bạn đang vui và háo hức về điều gì đó sắp sửa xảy ra

Tôi lo sợ về việc đi khám nha si

Ngày mãi việc điều trị của tôi sẽ kết thúc; tôi thật sự rất mong chờ điều này

Glossary have toothache bị dau rdng have a pain in your tooth bite sth PT bit PP bitten F cdn cut sth with your teeth chewnhai use your teeth to break up food in your mouth painful đau đớn If something is painful, it hurts check-up suf kham rang a medical or dental examination to see if you are healthy dental surgery phong kham nha khoa a place where a dentist sees you (also doctor’s surgery) make an appointment sap xếp cudc hen arrange a time to go toa dentist, doctor, etc

144 REVIEW: GETTING THINGS DONE examine sb/sth xem xét kì lường ai⁄ thứ gì look at sb/sth very carefully filling dé tram rang a mixture that a dentist puts in your tooth to fill a hole take out a tooth nhé rang remove a tooth from your mouth cause sth gay ra điêu gi be the reason that sth happens, often sth bad treatment sv diéu tri the things a doctor or dentist does to make you better treat sb ve

@ complete the sentences with /, The tooth, or The dentist - Hoàn thành cau voi |, The tooth, hoac The dentist

4 examined my teeth ơ was dreading going to the surgery

6 gave me a filling mm had to have some treatment

8 was treated at the surgery

10 bit on an apple and hurt my tooth

L2 Complete the questions - Hoan thành câu hỏi

> How often do you have a.check-up ? See OU oe

1 Doyou forward to going to the dentist? Why/Why not2

2 What’s your dental ĐK cv kh ke

3 When did you last toothache? cu 4 When did the dentist last give you a đ 1h khe 5 Is it ever when you bite or your Íood?2

6 When did a dentist last Out one of your teeth

ABOUT YOU Write your answers to Exercise 2, or ask another student - Hãy viết câu trả lời ở Exercise 2, hoặc hỏi sinh viên khác of Test yourself Cover the glossary meanings and look at the words What are the meanings? Hay che nghia cua glossary va nhìn vào từ Nghĩa của từ là gì?

Tôi có thể mô tả về những thủ tục ở bệnh viên

GOING INTO HOSPITAL go into hospital dén bénh vién để nằm: điều trị ĐI KHM Ở BỆNH VIÊN go for treatment and stay there fora night or more go to hospital go there for treatment, but not stay in dén bénh vién dé diéu tri Your doctor is concerned concerned about sb worried about sb.about you

Bae si cia ban dang lo ling 10 fang cho ai vé site khée ciia ban

He sends you to see a specialist a person who knows a lot about a specialist bac st chuyén khoa

Ong ta sé cho ban di gap particular subject,e.g a heart specialist In a hospital một bác si chuyén khoa this person is often called a consultant

You may have tests, X-rays’,test a medica] examination of 5 of your I oF or scans? sự xét nghiệm y khoa

Bạn có thể làm xét nghiệm, — e.g an eye test, a blood test U's, chụp ÄX-quang, hoặc chụp tim Na

The specialist decides how _ treat sb give medical help to l esl điều tri cho ai to treat you y to make them better treatment N

Bae sĩ chuyên khoa sẽ quyết định cách điều trị cho bạn

You may have an operation In an operation, the doctor cuts open operation immediately if ca phdu thudt the body (operates) to treat the person it is urgent immediately with no delay SYN straightaway ngay lập túc Bạn có thể sẽ phải mổ ngay urgent needing to be done quickly lap tite nếu như uiệc này là rất bhẩn cấp khẩn cấp

The surgeon explains the surgeona doctor who does medical operations benefits and risks to you, bác sĩ phẫu thuật the patient benefit /gi ich a thing that has a good or helpful result

Béc sĩ phẫu thuật sẽ giải visk rúi ro a danger that sth bad may happen thích những lợi ích uà rủi r0 patient a person who is having treatment cho bạn, bệnh nhân bệnh nhân

After the operation you care for sb look after sb SYNC take care of sb chăm sóc cho ai ward (see picture) the nurses care for you dưỡng bệnh

Sau ca mổ bạn trở uễ phòng điều trị, nơi mà các y tá sẽ chăm sóc cho bạn

The operation is successful successful If sth is successful, it has gone well thành công recover (from sth) become well after you have been ill you can go home to recover phuc héi sức khỏe Ca mổ đã thành công Lúc bạn SYN get over sth cảm thấy có đủ súc khỏe bạn có thể trở uê nhà để phục hồi sức khỏe return to the ward, where

When you are well enough,

You can use enough after adjectives and adverbs It means ‘as good, well, old, long, etc as is necessary’

Unit 24

1 Read the dentist’s questions and statements One word is missing in each one Where from? Write it at the end Hay đọc câu hỏi và sự trình bày của nha sĩ Một từ còn thiếu trong mỗi câu Ở vị trí nào? Hãy viết nó ở cuối câu

1 Is it when you bite2

2 | will probably have to the tooth out

3 This is the tooth which is the pain

4 When did you last a check-up2

6 Just ask the receptionist to make an for yOU

7 There's a hole in this tooth - you need a

8 I’m going to your teeth and then decide what you need

Unit 25

1 Which words are being defined? Tu nào là từ duge dinh nghia?

> a person who knows a lot about a subject specialist

1 give someone medical help to make them better 2 worried about someone or something

3 a doctor who operates on yOU

5 something that has a good or helpful result

6 look after someone, especially if they are iI

7 become well after you have been ill

8 a person who is ill and having medical treatment

9 the place in a hospital where sick people stay

10 a danger that something bad could happen

1 Complete the sentences with suitable words - Hoan thành câu với từ phù hợp

> I’m going todeeesete the bedroom Sandro doesn't like the colour of the walls

1 There's a en the carpet Do you know how to it?

2 Did you know the lift was order? - Yes, but someone is goiùng to it later today

3 I’m afraid this radiator is ; there’s water on the carpet

4 I’ve got a hole in my pocket Could you it for me, please?

5 This lamp isn’t Have we got any light ?

6 I’m afraid there’s something the front door We may have to get someone to it ,

2 Which word is being described? Write it at the end - Tu'nao được mô tả? Hãy viết nó ở cuối câu

>ằ You use one when you're sewingneedle

1 You use one to bang a nail in the wall

2 You use one to make a hole in the wall

3 You use one to tighten a screw

4 You use them to cut things

5 You use it to tie a boat to a wall

6 You use it to tie some sticks together

7 You use it to stick a broken bowl together

8 You use it to wrap a parcel

Unit 27

1 Complete the sentences - Hoàn thành câu

Mr Bristow’s Handy Housework excuses

> I couldn’t do the washing seed AP because there was no hot water

1 I couldn’t sweep the floor because I couldn’t ủnd the

2 I couldn’t wash the floor because there was a mop but no

31 couldn?t hoover the carpets because the wasn’t working

41 couldn't away the rubbish because the bins were all full

5l couldntt the furniture because the cloth was dirty

6 And I didn’t the surfaces because they all looked clean to me, anyway.

Unit 28

1 There is a mistake in each sentence Write the correct sentence at the end - Trong mỗi câu đều có lỗi Hãy viết câu đúng ở cuối câu

> | like your new style of hairl like your new haixstyle -

1 1 made my hair cut last Week ch nhe 2 | just want trim, please

3 ẽ'd like a cutting and blow-dry, please Q Tnhh 4 Are you leaving your hair grow? ceccccceccccesscesesecceeceeeeces 5 Can you pass me the S€iSSOT2 2Q Q0 nen

Tôi có thể mô tả về đời sống dé thi

A The inner citu-Vùng phía trong thành phố ó ì

I parked in the multi-storey car park and went the rest of the way on foot The street lights had just come on, and | could see the pavements were filthy At the entrance to the subway, there was an old guy begging for money | gave him something and hurried on down There was the usual graffiti all over the walls, and litter everywhere I came up the other side and passed a man who was whistling quite cheerfully, but I found this part of the inner city so depressing that I wondered if my decision to walk had been a good idea

T6i dau xe vao nhà giữ xe hơi nhiều tầng rỗi đi bộ trên quãng đường còn lại

Những ngọn den ở trên dường phố cửa mới sáng, cò tôi có thể nhìn thấy uia hè rất bẩn Ở lối đi ào đường hầm, có một gã đàn ông lớn tuổi dang xin tiên, Tôi cho người dàn ông này một ít tiền da nội tã đi xuống, Trên hháp tất cá các bức tường có các hình bẽ thường gặp, uê giấy vun 6 khdp moi noi Téi di sang phia bén kia vad dỉi Hgang qua một người đàn ông đang hượt sáo rất phấn khởi những tôi nhận thấy nơi này của tùng bên trong thành phố thật là buôn té đến mức tôi phải tự hỏi rằng liệu quyết định di dạo bộ của tôi có phải là một ý kiến hay không multi-storey nhà giữ xe nhiều tầng a large car park with several floors car park pavement via hé the part of the road where people walk filthy rat ban very dirty subway dudng ham a tunnel that goes under a road or railway so people can walk to the other side beg dn xin ask for food or money hurry di vdi va move or do sth quickly SYNC rush graffiti hinh vé trên tuéng pictures or writing on a wall in a public place (often humorous or political) litter gidy bd, rac paper and rubbish that is dropped and le on the ground ina public place whistle hugt s4o make a musical! sound with your lips nearly closed inner city óng nghèo bên trong thành phố the part of a large city which is near the centre and often poor depressing gâu buôn chán making you feel sad and without hope wonder tu hdi ask yourself questions about sth.

162 REVIEW: DESCRIBING THINGS © Correct the spelling mistakes - Sửa lỗi chính tả

>ằ hury hey 1 filthy 3 paymeht 5 grafiti

8 Complete the definitions - Hoan thanh dinh nghia

> inner city = poes parts of a city,near the centre 1 filthy = very

2 rush = move or do something nearly closed

4 litter = paper dropped on the

7 whistle = make a sound with your nearly closed 8 graffiti = on a wall in a public place © Complete the sentences with a suitable word - Hoàn thành câu với từ phù hợp

>ằ My dog comes back to me when | whistle

1 | hatepeople who drop in the street Why can’t they put it in a bin?

2 It’s a dangerous road, so use the to get to the other side

3 Leila says that someone in our class is getting married l who it is

4 You’ve got lots of time - you don’t need to to get the train

5 Two men were cleaning the off the walls in the subway

6 The street was filthy and it was pouring with rain It was very of Test yourself Cover the glossary words and look at the meanings Can you remember the words? Hãy che tử glossary va nhin vào nghĩa Bạn có thể nhớ từ không?

( The area where I live is ideal It’s a hà suburb not far from the centre and it’s quite lively, but there’s still a feeling of space, and my block of flats is surrounded by trees It’s also a handy place to live because there are good local shops, and a bus service that gets me into the centre in 15 to 20 minutes The only disadvantage is that with the growth in the population, it’s gradually becoming more built-up than it used to be, which is a shame

Nơi mà tôi dang song rat la ly tuéng Dé la mét ving ngoai 6 ném không xa trung tam ldm va noi nay cling kha séng động, nhưng uẫn còn có cảm giác là có nhiều bhông gian, uà dãy nhà chung cư tôi đang ở xung quanh toàn là cây cối Đó cũng là một nơi rất thuận tiện để sống bởi 0ì có rất nhiều của hàng tốt ở địa phương, 0ù có dịch nụ xe buýt chớ tôi nào trung tâm thành phố trong oòng 1õ đến 20 phút Sự bất lợi duy nhất đó là vdéi sự tăng nhanh oê dân số nơi này đang dần dẫn có nhiều nhà cao tầng được xây lên hơn là trước đây, điều này thật là đúng buồn area, region, district, part

The word area can be used for part of a town, country or the world A region is part of a country or the world e.g a desert region A district is part of a town or country, often with special qualities, egg the financial district A part is often used when we are talking about a town, egg 2 /ovely part of the city

Tit area co thé được dùng để chỉ một phần của thành phố quốc gia hoặc thế giới Từ region được dùng để chỉ một phan của quốc gia hoặc thế giới , chẳng hạn vùng sa mạc Từ district dùng để chỉ một phan của thành phố hoặc quốc gia, thường là có những tính chất đặc biệt, chẳng hạn như khu phố tài chính

TỪ part thường được dùng khi chúng ta nói về một thành phố, ví dụ như một khu vực xinh đẹp của thành phố

Glossary - suburb vting ngoai 6 an area outside the centre of a town, where a lot of people live ideal lg tuGng perfect; the best possible lively s6i déng full of interest, and with things to do space không gian tréng a place or area that is empty and not used

164 REVIEW: DESCRIBING THINGS surrounded by sth được bao bọc bdi thi gi if a building is surrounded by sth, that thing is all around it handy tiện lợi, thuan tién INF located near to things you need SYN convenient local thuộc địa phuong located in the area where you live đisadvantage sự bất lợi a situation or thing that is not good or causes problems

SYN drawback OPP advantage growth su tang lénan increase in size or number built-up cd nhiéu nha cao tang with a lot of buildings a shame diéu dang buén a fact or situation that makes you feel disappointed

SYNC a pity © same or different? Write S or D - Nghĩa giống nhau hoặc khác nhau? Hãy viết S hoặc D

>ằ One of the suburbs/areas outside the centre @

1 The ideal/perfect place to live

3 We need more growth/space

6 Complete the sentences with a suitable word - Hoan thanh câu với tử phù hợp

> There used to be lots of space, but now it’s a really built-up area

1 [live in a about two kilometres from the centre

2 Unfortunately, the whole area is by factories, which iS Ge

3 There are a few shops just round the corner

4 lUs very because it’s close to my children’s school and the place where | work

5 it’s a nice area with great shops; the cnly is that the bus service is terrible

6 We`ve found our house: it has absolutely everything we want.

@ ABOUT YOUR AREA Write your answers, or ask another student - Hãy viết câu trả lời, hoặc hỏi sinh viên khác

1 1s your area built-up, or ¡s there a feeling oÍ space?

2 What is your home surrounded by?

3 What local shops do you have2

4 Is it a handy place to live for you? ete 5 What are the disadvantages?

30 | can describe parts of a building

Tôi có thể mô tả các phần của tòa nhà

A substantial and impressive semi-detached house full of original features, and just a short walk from the town centre

Inside, the hall leads to two spacious reception rooms and an enormous kitchen Upstairs there are four bedrooms and two bathrooms on the first and second floors, with a narrow staircase to a further bedroom in the attic There is alsoa basement which could be converted into a separate one-bedroom flat, anda cellar currently used to store things shutters) ~

Outside, the house has pretty shutters either side of the front windows There is a lawn at the front, anda drive provides plenty of parking There is also a small walled garden at the back ERS

Một ngôi nhà liên hế biên cố uà rất ấn Lượng còn giữ nguyên những đặc trưng có từ bạn đầu, oà chỉ cách trung tâm thành phố một quãng đường đi Độ Ở bên trong nhà, có một lối riêng lớn dẫn đến hai phòng hháeh rất rộng nà một nhà bếp cực kì rộng Ở trên lẫu có bốn phòng ngủ va hai phòng tắm ở tạng đâu tiên uà tầng thứ hơi, có một câu thang hẹp dẫn đến một phòng ngủ khác ở tâng trên cùng Cũng có một phòng ở dưới hâm có thể được chuyển đổi thành một căn hộ riêng biệt có một phòng ngủ, 0à một nhà kho ở dưới hẳm hiện đang được dùng để chứa cúc đề dục Ở bên ngoài, ngôi nhà có những cánh cứa chớp dễ th ương ở mọi phía cũu cửa số phía trước Ở phía trước nhà có một bãi có, oà một bài đậu xe có rất nhiêu không gian để dậu xe Và cũng có một bhu oườn nhỏ có tường buo bọc xung quanh nha

SE substantial kién cé large and/or strong impressive ấn tượng (of a building) large and very good to look at semi-detached nha lién ké joined to one other house, forming a pair of houses original tén tai ttt ban dau existing from the time when sth was first made or done feature dac trung an important part of sth, and often a part that you notice lead dan dat If sth leads to a place; you Can go along it to that place spacious réng large, and having a lot of space enormous rat réng very large SYN huge COPP tiny staircase day cau thang a set of stairs attic phòng ở tầng trên cùng the space or room under the roof of a house. basement phong 6 tang ham aroom or part of a building that is partly or completely below ground level convert sth into sth thay doi thu’ gi sang thi? khac change sth from one form or use to another separate riéng biét not connected or together cellar nha kho & tang ham an underground room without windows, where things are often kept & currently hiện tại at the moment (NOT actually) store sth du tri’ thi gikeep sth in a place for future use storage N lawn bai cé an area of grass in a park or garden drive ché dau xe a wide path for cars that leads to the front door of a house walled có tường bao bọc xung quanh If a garden or other area Is walled, it has a wall around it (a wall is usually made of brick’ or stone’) passage, corridor, hall

A passage is a long, narrow way with walls on both sides that leads somewhere, e.g an underground passage

A corridor is a passage in a large building or on a train A hall is a room or small passage just inside the entrance to a house

Từ passage dùng để chỉ một lối đi đài, có tường ở hai bên dẫn đến nơi nào đó ví dụ một lối đi ở dưới ting ham

Từ corridor dùng để chỉ một lối di trong một tòa nhà lớn hoặc ở trên tàu lúa, Từ hai được dung để chỉ một phòng hoặc một lối đi nhỏ nằm ở phía trong lối vào một ngôi nhà

Ocorrect the spelling mistakes - Hay sửa lỗi chính tả

@ Circle the correct word - Hay khoanh tron tu

> The flat is 6ubstantialJimpressive, but not very attractive

1 m on the ground floor and my sister lives downstairs in the cellar/basement

2 There were no seats on the train, so | had to stand in the hall/ corridor.

3 There’s a very wide hall/corridor in our flat

4 He parked his car in the attic/drive

5 Just after the newsagent’s, there’s a littie passage/hall that leads to the High Street

176 REVIEW: DESCRIBING THIN GS"

Unit 29

i True or false? Write T or F - Cac cau nay dung hay sai? Hay viết T hoặc F

> You have to pay to go through a subway <

1 The suburbs of a city are the areas where people with very little money live

2 It’s depressing if your home is surrounded by litter

3 A multi-storey car park has only one floor

4 The pavement is where people walk

5 The inner city is often quite built-up

6 Having local shops near your home isn’t very convenient

Complete the text - Hoan thanh bai text

> The distaict where | live now is very clean — not like the area | used to live in, which was (1) Í It’s also quite (2) L because there are several cafs and restaurants round the corner, but there isn’t a supermarket nearby, which is a (3) p

Not far away, there’s plenty of open (4) s „to go for walks, and is also very (5) h because I’m close to the station, so | can get to work easily Where | lived before, you used to see lots of (6) q on the subway walls, and people sitting on the pavement (7) b for money But there is one (8) d to where I live now: my friends live in the older part of town, so | see them less often.

Unit 30

1 Write a sentence linking a word on the left with a word on the right - Hãy viết câu bằng cách lên kết một từ ở bên trái với một từ ở bên phải windows ⁄/ front door semi-detached storage chimney house cellar garden lawn shutters “ drive roof

Unit 31

1 Complete the phrases with words from the box - Hoàn thành cụm từ với từ được cho trong khung iron woollen wax rubber wooden gold steel ⁄concrete cardboard p> a steel pipe 3a candle 6a box 1la ftence 4a medal 7 ccc.Ă railings 2a tyre 5 a blanket 8a bridge

>ằ What shape is a triangle? triangular

1 What shape is a tyr€? 2 How many sides does a rectangle have2 - 3 When people sleep are they vertical or horizontal?

4 What shape has four equal sides? a 5 What kinds of lines always have the same distance between them?

Unit 32

1_ Match 1-8 with a—i - Hãy kết các câu từ 1 đến 8 với các câu từa đến ¡

>ằ pay attention to something you hear c a touch 1 look at something or someone quickly b stare at

2 notice something using your nose c¢ listen tow”

3 put your hands or fingers on something d tap 4 touch something quickly with your hands or feet e overhear 5 have a particular flavour f smell 6 look at something or someone for a long time g taste 7 become impossible to see or find h glance at 8 hear someone’s conversation by accident i disappear

Unit 33

1 Complete the text with the words from the box in the correct form - Hoàn thành bài text với từ được cho trong khung theo dạng đúng distance scene painting“ shade artist ignore hand foreground just

The > rain tima by a French (1) illustrates a (2) of peace and happiness There is a mother playing with her small daughter in the (3) , and in the background an older woman is watch- ing them Behind her, you can (4) see one side of a garden gate, and in the (5) an old house, perhaps where they all live

It’s obviously a warm day, but they are playing in the (6) ; to protect the small child from the hot sun Finally, in the bottom

(7) , right-corner of the painting, there is a man He's (8) the mother and daughter, and seems much more interested in what is happening on his right — but that is outside the picture, so we’ll never know what fascinates him.

Unit 34

4 One word is wrong in each line Cross it out and write the correct one at the end - Có một từ sai trong mỗi cau Hay gạch bỏ đi và viết một từ đúng ở cuối câu

> Did you hear someone stream) 4©6442

1 The police had to stash the door open -:

2 Don’t bear up that paper — we can use it again

3 If you sold that in two, you can put it in this envelope

4 He strayed us with water -o- 5 The little girl was frying because her dog had disappeared

6 He burnt into tears for no reason at all 7 She signed noisily and left the room ‹ee 8 Don't snake that — it might explodel -:

9 | saw her bragging an enormous box along the street -

190 REVIEW: SOCIAL AND POLITICAL ISSUES

Tôi có thể nói về việc làm phạm pháp

A What is crime ó à Viéc lam pham phap la gi?

Crime is activity which is against the law: for example, if you steal someone’s property, you are committing a crime and breaking the law Some offences are only minor, e.g illegal parking; but for more serious and especially violent crimes, e.g killing or attacking someone, a person could go to prison for a long time

Việc làm phạm pháp là hành động trái uới pháp luập: Chẳng hạn, nếu như bạn ăn cấp đô đạc của người khác, thì bạn dụng làm viée phạm pháp uà trái uới pháp luật Có một số hành động phạm pháp không nghiêm trọng lắm, chẳng hạn dậu xe trái quy định những cũng có một số hành động phạm phúp màng tính nghiêm trọng hơn uà đặc biệt là những hành động bạo lực, chẳng hạn giết người hoặc tấn công người khác, người gây ra hành động này có thể ở tù trong một thời gian dài crime

The noun crime can be countable and uncountable

There are many victims of violent crime (u)

It is a crime (c) to avoid paying tax

Danh từ crime có thể đếm được và không đếm được

Có rất nhiều nạn nhân của tội ác bạo lực này

Việc trấn không nộp thuế là phạm pháp against the law trái uới pháp luật against the rules of a country SYN illegal

OPP legal steal sth an cap PT stole take sth belonging to sb else without permission PP stolen property dé dac của cải sth that belongs to you (e.g a computer, jewellery commit pham (tdi a crime do sth illegal break the law _ không tuân theo luật pháp do sth illegal/against the law COPP obey the law offence hành động phạm pháp an illegal activity SYN crime (The person is an offender / a criminal.) minor không nghiêm trong not important COPP serious violent mang tinh bao luc using force to hurt sb physically violence N kill sb giết người make sb die attack sb đánh đập người khác start fighting or hurting sb go to prison vao ngdi tl go to a place where criminals have to stay after committing a crime SYN go to jail

@ Circle the verbs below Don’t circle the other words - Hay khoanh tròn động từ bên dưới Đừng khoanh tròn từ khác offenceminor€TiTĐviolentlawstealcrimepris oncommitillegalseriousattackcriminaloffe ndobey

Oils the meaning the same or different? Write S or D - Nhung từ này có cùng nghĩa hoặc khác nghĩa? Hay viết S hoặc D

> steal | take something belonging to someone without permissions 1 illegal | against the law 5 criminal | offender z an offence | a crime 6 commit a crime I break the law

Akill someone | attack someone 8 minor crime | serious crime © Complete the sentences using a word from the: box Put the verbs in the correct form - Hoan thanh cau bang cach dung từ đã cho trong khung Hãy đặt động từ theo dạng đúng violent seri3us against break property steal jail minor violence go V attack

>ằ She did something terrible, and I heard that she went to prison

1 There is a lot Of wee in the centre of town at night

2 A group of boys the man, but fortunately he wasn’t badly hurt

3 The young man my bike and sold it in the market

4 was stolen from several houses in the street last night

5 lt WAS a V€FV crime; several people had to go to hospital

6 He committed a crime, and he'll probably go to for a long tỉme

8 He parked’ in the wrong place; it was only a offence, but it’s still the law.

192 REVIEW: SOCIAL AND POLITICAL ISSUES

@ Ba Test yourself Look at the glossary words and cover the meanings Can you remember the meanings? - Hay nhin vào từ ở glossary và che nghĩa lại Bạn có thể nhớ nghĩa của từ không?

B Tupes of crime - Các loại tội phạm

Crime The crime of Verb Criminal theft taking something which He steals cars and sells them thief belongs to someone else without permission robbery Stealing from a person They were planning to rob robber or place, often using violence the bank burglary entering a building illegally They broke into the house burglar and stealing things from it and stole some jewellery shoplifting stealing things from She stole n shirt the supermarket shoplifter a shop mugging attacking someone in a He mugged people for their money mugger public place in order to late at night steal from them assault hurting someone He assaulted/attacked + † attacker physically aman He stabbed’ him.“ \ ` - murder _ killing someone He murdered his neighbour “75~murderer 2 deliberately Why did he shoot him? ~

(=you wanted or planned to do it)

You steal money or things, but you rob a person or place Someone has stolen my bike Thieves stole €2000 from the shop

I was robbed at the football match They robbed the museum last night

Ty steal duoc dùng để chỉ hành động ăn cắp tiền hoặc ăn cắp đồ đạc, nhưng từ rob được dùng để chỉ hành động ăn cướp ở một nơi nào đó hoặc cướp đồ của một người nào đó Có ai đó đã lấy cắp xe đạp của tôi Những tên ăn trộm đã lấy cắp 2000 Euro của của hàng này Ở trận thi đấu bóng đá tôi đã bị cướp Tối hôm qua bọn họ đã đến cướp viện bảo làng này

@ One word in each sentence is wrong Cross it out - Có một từ trong câu là sai Hãy gạch bỏ nó đi ằ Thieves robbers, murderers, and burglars all steal property

1 Rob, steal, murder, and attacker are all verbs all acts of violence

2 Theft, mug, robbery, and assault are all crimes

3 Shooting, assaulting, stabbing, and braking into are all ways of attacking people physically

4 Mugging, assault, shoplifting, and murder are all acts of violence 5 Mugger, shoplifter, thief, and burglary are all criminals

@ Complete the sentences - Hoàn thành câu

1 Two robbers into the museum and three paintings A guard tried to stop them, but one robber had aknife and

3 Someone me on the way home last night He had a gun and said he would me if | didn’t give him money and my mobile phone It was horrible

4 He will be in prison for the rest of his life for his wife He bought a gun and her while she was asleep

2 Ác broke onto our house and took our jewellery and cameras

6 the three men that bank because it was in a very quiet area

Q ba Test your self look at the crimes, and cover the other three columns Can you remember the meanings and the verbs? - Hay nhin vào các loại tội phạm, và che ba cột khác bạn có thể nhớ nghĩa và động từ đó không?

194 REVIEW: SOCIAL AND POLITICAL ISSUES

36 | can describe the justice system

Tôi có thể nói về hệ thống tòa án

Cuộc điều tra của cảnh sát

A crime is reported to the police, usually by the victim

Một hành động phạm tội được thông báo cho cảnh sót biết, thường la do nan nhân thông báo

The police investigate it The victim and witnesses tell the police what they know

Cảnh sót sẽ điều tra vu viéc nay Nan nhân va nhân chúng báo cho cảnh sút những gì họ biết được

The police may take Hf possible, they fingerprints: or lake catch the suspect photos where the and arrest’ him crime took place Nếu có thể, cảnh sát tìm

Cảnh sát có thể lấy _ đối tượng bị tình nghỉ uà dấu uán tay, hoạc at gilt hẳn chụp ảnh hiện trường nơi mà hành 0ì phạm tội xảy ra

If there is enough evidence, they will charge the suspect and he will go to court

Nếu như có dí bằng chứng Cảnh sút sẽ buộc tội hẻ bị tình nghỉ va anh ta sé bị xét xử tại tòa ún report sth thông báo uiệc gi give information that sth has happened victim nan nhan a person who has been robbed, injured, ete investigate sth diéu tra viéc gi try to find out about sth witness nhdn chifng a person who sees sth happen (e.g a crime or an accident) may có thé we use may to say that sth is possible SYNC might take place xay ra happen. catch sb PT caught PP caught tim va bdt find and hold sb suspect ké bi tinh nghi pham {di a person who the police think has committed a crime l evidence bằng chứng facts, signs, or objects that make you believe sth is true charge sb buộc t6i ai (of the police) say officially that they believe sb has done sth illegal

Q circle the correct word - Hay khoanh tron ter dung

When a robbery has reported, someone will (1) investi- gate/report it to the police.(2) Victims/Suspects and witnesses will tell the police what they saw After that, the police will begin to (3) investigate/charge the crime They may take photos and take (4) fingerprints/suspects where the robbery (5) took place/caught They (6) will/may catch the (7) suspect/victirn; if they do, they will (8) report/arrest him If they have enough (9) evidence/victims, they will (10) catch/charge the suspect, and he will have to go to (11) court/ the police station © answer the questions One question has more than one answer Hay tra Idi câu hỏi Một câu hỏi có nhiều câu trả lời

4 ‘Who has to find the evidence? ;Tke geliss

2 Who is charged? ơ 3 Who investigates the crime2 4 Who is hurt by the crime? - 5 Who is caught2 -

6 Who usually reports the crime2 - 8 Who sees the crime take place?

Test yourself Cover the words in the glossary and look ou at the meanings - Can you remember the words? - Hay che từ ở glossary và nhìn vào nghĩa Bạn có thể nhớ từ không?

196 REVIEW: SOCIAL AND POLITICAL ISSUES

B In court - Tai toa dn 64

In Britain, serious crimes such as robbery and murder are tried by a judge’ and jury? At the trial, the prosecution aims to prove that the accused’ (or defendant) has committed the crime; the defence aims to prove he is innocent

At the end, the jury decides whether the defendant is guilty or not guilty If he is guilty, he is sentenced by the judge He may get a fine or a prison sentence Ở nước Anh, những oụ phạm tội nghiêm trọng như là vu ăn cướp 0à bụ giết người có thể bị xét xử bởi một thấm phán uà bôi thẩm đoàn Tại phiên tòa xét xử luật sư của bên nguyên tìm cách để chứng tỏ rằng bị cáo đã gây nên tội; còn tuật sư của bị cáo tìm mọi cách để chứng ninh bị cáo là 0ô tội