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Luận văn thạc sĩ Quản lý xây dựng: Nghiên cứu đề xuất quy trình phối hợp MEP-BIM nghiên cứu tại dự án X

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Thông tin cơ bản

Tiêu đề Nghiên cứu đề xuất quy trình phối hợp MEP-BIM
Tác giả 1*+,ầ1 &Ӭ8 Ĉӄ ;8Ҩ7 48< 75ẻ1+ 3+Ӕ, +Ӧ3
Người hướng dẫn TS. 1*8<ӈ1 $1+ 7+Ѭ, TS. ĈӚ 7,ӂ1 6Ӻ, PGS TS. LѬѪ1* ĈӬ& /21*, TS. Ĉ,1+ &é1* 7ӎ1+
Chuyên ngành Quản lý xây dựng
Thể loại Luận văn thạc sĩ
Thành phố TP.HCM
Định dạng
Số trang 148
Dung lượng 5,72 MB

Nội dung

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According to the development of the construction market today, Building Information Modeling (BIM) has shown its advantages and proved to be the future process of the industrial construction industry

With the rapid development of technology, construction is equipped with a great number of modern systems in order to improve the convenience embodied in a well-designed facility, which makes the MEP system today accounting for a large value in the total value of the investment

In recent years, some Vietnamese construction companies have adopted BIM

to their work processes, however, it is still a problem for M&E companies Some still use 2D drawings as the main tool to deploy the drawings, leading to potential conflicts or unsupported construction conflicts during operation and maintenance The application of BIM-MEP during project implementation brings many benefits such as increasing design productivity, reducing conflicts, saving costs, sharing work information in different stages of the project cycle, etc Therefore, to have a detailed procedure to guide the BIM application in the electromechanical subject is inevitable for future development

With a clear and precise purpose, the research aims to present the BIM-MEP application process in the project implementation stage, step-by-step instruction to coordinate the three disciplines of MEP-Architecture-Structure to reduce coordination time and save effort, cost in the process of implementation, construction and operation

Proficient application of BIM into the project lifecycle helps parties monitor, inspect, control, and achieve optimal costs when constructing and operating the system, and shorten the time for redundant operations and ensure performance results, thereby bringing success to the M&E company as well as bringing satisfaction to customers

The data collected for the study was obtained from companies located in Ho Chi Minh City

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DANH MӨC BҦNG BIӆU

Bҧng 1.1 Tәng quan vӅ BIM trên thӃ giӟLQăP>@ 11

Bҧng 2.1 Mô tҧ mӝt sӕ ӭng dөng BIM [8] 22

Bҧng 2.2 Các hӋ thӕQJFѫÿLӋn 24

Bҧng 2.3 Các nghiên cӭXWUѭӟFÿk\ FyOLrQTXDQÿӃQÿӅ tài) 36

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BҧQJĈһFÿLӇPSKѭѫQJSKiSNKҧo sát mүu 44

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Bҧng 4.1 Tóm tҳt thông tin công ty khҧo sát 48

Bҧng 4.2 Tәng hӧSѭXQKѭӧFÿLӇm quy trình triӇn khai dӵ án hiӋn nay 53

Bҧng 6.1 Thông tin tәng hӧp dӵ án 75

Bҧng 6.2 Phҥm vi công viӋc triӇn khai BIM 77

Bҧng 6.3 KӃ hoҥch chuyӇn giao mô hình thông tin dӵ án 79

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Bҧng 6.6 ViӃt tҳt cho khu vӵc thӵc hiӋn bҧng vӁ 81

Bҧng 6.7 Tên viӃt tҳt cӫa các hӋ thӕng MEP 82

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BҧQJ4X\ѭӟFÿһt tên Workset 84

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BҧQJ4X\ѭӟFÿһt tên Family 85

BҧQJ4X\ѭӟFÿһt tên Type 85

Bҧng 6.13 Mӝt sӕ tên Family mүu 85

Bҧng 6.14 KӃt quҧ lӵa chӑQ3KѭѫQJiQ7.KӋ HVAC 91

Bҧng 6.15 KӃt quҧ lӵa chӑQ3KѭѫQJiQ7.KӋ CҩSWKRiWQѭӟc 97

Bҧng 6.16 KӃt quҧ lӵa chӑQ3KѭѫQJiQ7.KӋ ĈLӋn 100

Bҧng 6.17 Mӝt sӕ ví dө vӅ bҧng tính hӋ thӕng 110

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Bҧng 6.18 Mӝt sӕ ví dө vӅ mô hình BIM-MEP ӣ mӭFÿӝ phát triӇn LOD300 117Bҧng 6.19 KӃt quҧ khҧo sát 130Bҧng 6.20 Câu hӓi khҧo sát 131

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DANH MӨC HÌNH ҦNH

+uQK&iFF{QJÿRҥn cӫa mô hình BIM trong triӇn khai dӵ án [5] 15

+uQK&iFEѭӟc phát triӇn cӫa mô hình BIM [6] 16

Hình 2.3 Minh hӑa các mӭFÿӝ phát triӇn [8] 17

Hình 2.4 Các ӭng dөng cӫa BIM trRQJYzQJÿӡi dӵ án [5] 21

+uQK&iFJLDLÿRҥQWUѭӣng thành BIM [6] 25

+uQK7ѭѫQJWiFÿѫQWX\Ӄn giӳDFiFF{QJÿRҥn thiӃt kӃ [10] 27

Hình 2.7 Danh sách các phҫn tӱ P{KuQKKyDFѫEҧn và ký hiӋu 35

Hình 3.1 Quy trình nghiên cӭu 43

Hình 4.1 Quy trình triӇn khai dӵ án cӫa công ty A 49

Hình 4.2 Quy trình triӇn khai dӵ án cӫa công ty B 51

Hình 4.3 Quy trình triӇn khai dӵ án cӫa công ty C 52

Hình 5.1 Quy trình triӇn khai BIM-0(3TXDFiFJLDLÿRҥn dӵ án 56

Hình 5.2 Quy trình phӕi hӧSÿѭӡng ӕng MEP truyӅn thӕng 69

Hình 5.3 Minh hӑa phӕi hӧSÿѭӡng ӕQJWKHRSKѭѫQJQJDQJ 69

Hình 5.4 Minh hӑa phӕi hӧSÿѭӡng ӕQJWKHRSKѭѫQJGӑc 70

Hình 5.5 Quy trình phӕi hӧSÿѭӡng ӕng MEP cҧi tiӃn 72

Hình 5.6 Minh hӑa phӕi hӧSÿѭӡng ӕQJWKHRSKѭѫQJQJDQJ± cҧi tiӃn 73

Hình 5.7 Minh hӑa phӕi hӧSÿѭӡng ӕQJWKHRSKѭѫQJGӑc ± cҧi tiӃn 73

+uQK6ѫÿӗ tә chӭc cӫa dӵ án X 78

Hình 6.2 Chi tiӃt quy trình triӇQNKDLJLDLÿRҥn TKYT 89

+uQK3KѭѫQJiQ7.KӋ thӕng Chiller giҧi nhiӋWQѭӟc 92

+uQK3KѭѫQJiQ7.KӋ thӕQJEѫPFKR&KLOOHU 93

+uQK3KѭѫQJiQ7.YDQFKRKӋ thӕng phân phӕLQѭӟc lҥnh 93

+uQK3KѭѫQJiQ7.KӋ thӕng phân phӕLJLyYjWK{QJJLyFKRFăQÿLӇn hình 94

+uQK3KѭѫQJiQ7.KӋ thӕQJWK{QJJLyEmLÿұu xe 94

Trang 15

+uQK3KѭѫQJiQ7.KӋ thӕQJVѭӣi 95

+uQK3KѭѫQJiQ7.KӋ thӕng tҥRWKѫP 95

+uQK3KѭѫQJiQ7.KӋ thӕng quҧn lý tòa nhà ± BMS 96

+uQK3KѭѫQJiQ7.KӋ thӕng phân phӕi gió và thông gió 96

+uQK3KѭѫQJiQ7.KӋ thӕng cҩSQѭӟc lҥnh 97

+uQK3KѭѫQJiQ7.KӋ thӕng cҩSQѭӟc nóng 98

+uQK3KѭѫQJiQ7.SKzQJEѫPFҩSQѭӟc 98

+uQK3KѭѫQJiQ7.KӋ thӕQJWKRiWQѭӟc thҧi 99

+uQK3KѭѫQJiQ7.KӋ thӕng bӇ EѫLQJRjLWUӡi 100

+uQK3KѭѫQJiQ7.KӋ thӕng bӇ EѫLWURQJQKj 100

+uQK3KѭѫQJiQ7.WUҥPÿLӋn 101

+uQK3KѭѫQJiQ7.Gk\GүQÿLӋn 101

+uQK3KѭѫQJiQ7.KӋ thӕng cung cҩSÿLӋn chính 102

+uQK3KѭѫQJiQ7.KӋ thӕng chӕng sét 102

+uQK3KѭѫQJiQ7.KӋ thӕng báo cháy 103

+uQK3KѭѫQJiQ7.KӋ thӕQJÿLӋn thoҥi-dӳ liӋu-IPTV 103

+uQK3KѭѫQJiQ7.KӋ thӕng camera an ninh 104

+uQK3KѭѫQJiQ7.KӋ thӕng âm thanh công cӝng 104

+uQK3KѭѫQJiQ7.KӋ thӕQJÿLӅu khiӇn thông minh 105

+uQK3KѭѫQJiQ7.KӋ thӕQJÿLӅu khiӇn bҵng bluetooth 105

+uQK3KѭѫQJiQ7.KӋ thӕng quҧn lý khách sҥn 106

Hình 6.29 Mһt bҵng yêu cҫu không gian phòng máy 106

Hình 6.30 Chi tiӃt quy trình triӇQNKDLJLDLÿRҥn TKCS 109

Hình 6.31 Bҧng tính cҩSQѭӟFVѫEӝ 111

Hình 6.32 Bҧng tính hӋ thӕng phòng cháy chӳa cháy 112

Hình 6.33 Bҧng tính chӳa cháy FM200 113

Hình 6.34 Mô hình BIM-MEP vӟi mӭFÿӝ chi tiӃt LOD200 114

Trang 16

Hình 6.35 Thông tin phi hình hӑFFKREѫPFҩSQѭӟc mӭFÿӝ LOD200 114

Hình 6.36 Chi tiӃt quy trình triӇQNKDLJLDLÿRҥn TKKT 118

Hình 6.37 Mô hình BIM-0(3SKzQJÿLӋn 119

Hình 6.38 Mô hình BIM-0(3SKzQJPi\SKiWÿLӋn 119

Hình 6.39 Mô hình BIM-0(3SKzQJEѫPFKӳa cháy 120

Hình 6.40 Mô hình BIM-0(3SKzQJEѫPFҩSQѭӟc 120

Hình 6.41 Mô hình BIM-MEP phòng chiller 121

Hình 6.42 Mô hình BIM-0(3FăQKӝ ÿLӇn hình 121

Hình 6.43 Thông tin phi hình hӑFFKREѫPFҩSQѭӟc mӭFÿӝ LOD300 122

Hình 6.44 Bҧn vӁ phӕi hӧp hành lang tҫQJÿLӇn hình 123

Hình 6.45 Bҧn vӁ phӕi hӧp tҫng hӧp tҫng hҫm 2 124

Hình 6.46 Mô hình BIM-0(3SKzQJEѫPFKӳa cháy ӣ mӭFÿӝ LOD350 127

Hình 6.47 Mô hình BIM-0(3SKzQJFKLOOHUÿLӋn ӣ mӭFÿӝ LOD350 128

Hình 6.48 Thông tin phi hình hӑFFKREѫPFҩSQѭӟc mӭFÿӝ LOD350 128

Hình 6.49 Chi tiӃt quy trình triӇn NKDLJLDLÿRҥn TKKTTC 129

Trang 17

&+ѬѪ1*0Ӣ ĈҪU

1.1 *LͣLWKL͏X

ĈӇKuQKWKjQKQrQPӝWF{QJWUuQK[k\GӵQJWURQJÿyEDRJӗP QKLӅXPҧQJQKѭ.LӃQWU~F, ӃWFҩX, CҧQKTXDQ«Và GƭQKLrQKӋWKӕQJ0(3ÿyQJYDLWUzTXDQWUӑQJJL~SKuQKWKjQKQrQVӭFVӕQJFӫDF{QJWUuQK+ӋWKӕQJ0(3ÿѭӧFKLӇXFѫEҧQOjKӋWKӕQJFѫÿLӋQOjWҩWFҧQKӳQJ\ӃXWӕÿӇPӝWF{QJWUuQKÿѭӧFKRҥWÿӝQJWKXұQOӧLNKLÿѭDYjRVӱGөQJ

Theo VӵSKiWWULӇQ tKӏWUѭӡQJ[k\GӵQJ KLӋQQD\, mô hình thông tin công trình (BIM) ÿmFKRWKҩ\VӵKӳXtFKFӫDPuQKYjWKӇKLӋQBIM OjWѭѫQJODLFӫDQJjQK[k\GӵQJF{QJQJKLӋSTUrQWKӃJLӟL QyLFKXQJYLӋFiSGөQJ%,0 ÿmÿѭӧFWKӵFKLӋQWӯlâu, WKӇKLӋQTXD+uQKGRÿyÿӇKzDFKXQJÿѭӧFYӟLNLӃQWKӭFFӫDQKkQORҥLWLӃQWӟLF{QJQJKLӋSKyD9LӋW1DPÿmWәFKӭF QKLӅXFKѭѫQJWUuQKKӝLWKҧRÿӇWLӃSQKұQYjFKX\ӇQJLDRFiFSKѭѫQJSKiSPӝWFiFKEjLEҧQWӯ FiFQѭӟFWLrQWLӃQÿmÿҥWÿѭӧFQKӳQJthành công YӅ%,0QKѭ6LQJDSRUH0ӻ Anh,

%,0OjPӝWP{KuQKTXҧQOêWK{QJWLQ[X\rQVXӕWYzQJÿӡLGӵiQFӫDPӝW F{QJWUuQK[k\GӵQJ0{KuQK%,0PDQJOҥL cách chia sҿ WK{QJWLQFyFҩXWU~FPӝWcách WK{QJPLQK9LӋFVӱGөQJP{KuQK%,0VӁJL~SJLҧPVӵWKҩWWKRiWWK{QJWLQtrong quá WUuQKSKiWWULӇQGӵiQWURQJFiFJLDLÿRҥQtrong YzQJÿӡLGӵiQ

Trong QKӳQJQăPJҫQÿk\, 9LӋW1DPÿmFyVӵWLӃSQKұQYjiSGөQJ%,0YjRTX\WUuQKOjPYLӋFWURQJKRҥWÿӝQJ[k\GӵQJWӯWKLӃWNӃÿӃQWKLF{QJYұQKjQKF{QJtrìnhYjÿmÿҥWÿѭӧFQKӳQJ NӃWTXҧ QKҩWÿӏQK7X\QKLrQYLӋFiSGөQJ%,0FNJQJPDQJWtQKWӵSKiWӣFiFGRDQKQJKLӋSWѭQKkQQrQNK{QJEjLEҧQGүQÿӃQQKӳQJPөFÿtFKPөFWLrXÿӅUDJLӳDFKӫÿҫXWѭ YjF{QJW\FzQPDQJWtQKPѫKӗNK{QJQҳPU}ÿѭӧFFiFEѭӟFWULӇQNKDLYjNӃWTXҧÿҥWÿѭӧFOjQKѭWKӃQjROjSKKӧSYӟL\rXFҫXFӫDFKӫÿҫXWѭFNJQJQKѭQăQJOӵFFӫDF{QJW\

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Trang 18

cKѭDSKiWWULӇQ ÿѭӧFKӃWNKҧQăQJFӫD%,0ÿӇiSGөQJYjRtính toán FKLSKtWLӃQÿӝYjYұQKjQKEҧRWUuVDXQj\

'RYұ\YLӋFӭQJGөQJ%,0YjRFiFJLDLÿRҥQ[k\GӵQJÿһFELӋWOjJLDLÿRҥQWKLӃWNӃEDQÿҫXFKREӝP{Q0(3 VӁOjPӝW\rXFҫXWҩW\ӃXWURQJWѭѫQJODi

%ҧQJ 1.1 7әQJTXDQYӅ %,0WUrQWKӃJLӟL QăP [1]

ĈDQ0ҥFK +jQ4XӕF Hong Khong

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1.2 ;iFÿ͓QKY̭Qÿ͉QJKLrQFͱX

BIM là PӝW[XKѭӟQJF{QJQJKӋPӟLÿDQJÿѭӧFVӱGөQJÿӇgiúp FKRFiFÿѫQYӏNKiF QKDXWURQJQKӳQJJLDLÿRҥQNKiFQKDXFӫDGӵiQ, FyWKӇWҥRGӵQJWK{QJWLQWUDRÿәLWK{QJ WLQYjTXҧQOêWK{QJWLQGӵDWUrQFiFP{KuQK'9ӟLYLӋFVӱGөQJBIM, dòng thông tin WURQJYzQJÿӡLGӵiQVӁFyNKҧQăQJÿҥWÿѭӧFVӵWKӕQJQKҩWYjWUiQKVӵWKҩWWKRiWWK{QJWLQ NKLFKX\ӇQJLDRJLӳDFiFJLDLÿRҥQFӫDGӵiQ9ӟLQKӳQJ

Trang 19

WtQKFKҩWYjNKҧQăQJÿy%,0 KӭDKҽQVӁOjPӝWJLҧLSKiSFKRYҩQÿӅTXҧQOê³WK{QJWLQ´FKRJLDLÿRҥQTXҧQlý YұQKjQKEҧRWUuVDXQj\

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%,0FyQKLӅXNKyNKăQ

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1.3 0ͭFWLrXQJKLrQFͱX

7KLӃWOұS quy trình áp GөQJ%,0-MEP WURQJF{QJW\WKLӃWNӃ&ѫĈLӋQ;

7KLӃWOұS FiFKSKӕLKӧSJLӳD EӝP{Q MEP - LӃQWU~F - ӃWFҩX;

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1.4 ĈyQJJySFͯDQJKLrQFͱX

9ӟLQJKLrQFӭX Qj\WiFJLҧ [k\GӵQJPӝWTX\WUuQK iSGөQJ%,0WURQJF{QJ

ty CѫÿLӋQEҵQJPӝWFiFK ÿҫ\ÿӫ và ÿѫQJLҧQQKҩWÿӇJL~SFKRFiFNӻVѭFiFnhà TXҧQOêGӵiQ FyWKӇYұQGөQJQJKLrQFӭXYjiSGөQJYjRFiFGӵiQWKӵFKLӋQWURQJWѭѫQJODLSKKӧSYӟL QKXFҫXSKiWWULӇQ WURQJWѭѫQJODL FӫDQJjQKCѫÿLӋQWҥL9LӋWNam

Trang 20

KLiSGөQJWKjQKWKҥR%,0YjRYzQJÿӡLGӵiQJL~SFKRFiFErQFyWKӇtheo G}LNLӇPWUDNLӇPVRiWÿҥWÿѭӧFFiFFKLSKtWӕLѭXNKLWKLF{QJYjYұQKjQKKӋWKӕQJU~WQJҳQWKӡLJLDQcho QKӳQJKRҥWÿӝQJGѭWKӯDYjÿҧPEҧRNӃWTXҧWKӵFKLӋQWӯÿymang OҥLVӵWKjQKF{QJFKRF{QJW\&ѫÿLӋQFNJQJQKѭÿHPOҥLVӵhài lòng cho khách hàng

1.5 3K̩PYLQJKLrQFͱX

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9ӟLTX\P{FӫDÿӅWjLQJKLrQFӭXVӁFKӍWұSWUXQJJLҧLTX\ӃWQKӳQJYҩQÿӅWURQJSKҥPYLVDX

- &iFÿӕLWѭӧQJQJKLrQFӭXOjFiFF{QJW\WѭYҩQWKLӃWNӃFѫÿLӋQF{QJW\WKLӃWNӃWKLF{QJFѫÿLӋQYjF{QJW\TXҧQOêGӵiQFѫÿLӋQWURQJSKҥPYLTp.+ӗ&Kt0LQK

&iFORҥLKuQK WKLӃWNӃEDRJӗPNKiFKVҥQFKXQJFѭFDRӕFYăQSKzQJWUXQJWkPWKѭѫQJPҥLEӋQKYLӋQ

- &iFÿӕLWѭӧQJÿѭӧFSKӓQJYҩQOjNӻVѭ4XҧQOêGӵiQFKX\rQJLDYӅOƭQKYӵF0(3Yj%,0

- 1JKLrQFӭXFKӍWұSWUXQJQJKLrQFӭu YӅYҩQÿӅ WKLӃWNӃTXҧQOêGӵiQ MEP WURQJFiFGӵiQWKӵFKLӋQWURQJSKҥPYLQKjWKҫXWѭYҩQWKLӃWNӃ1KӳQJquy trình WKӵFKLӋQBIM-MEP QKѭQJӣJLDLÿRҥQWKLF{QJFKӃWҥRYұQKjQK«NK{QJWKXӝFSKҥPYLQJKLrQFӭX

- 3KҫQPӅP[k\GӵQJP{KuQK%,0Oj5HYLW20, Naviswork 2020

Trang 21

&+ѬѪ1*: TӘNG QUAN NGHIÊN CӬU

2.1 &iFWKX̵WQJͷ chính

2.1.1 Ĉ͓QKQJKƭD ³BIM´

+ӝLÿӗQJ7LrXFKXҭQ%,0TXӕFJLDFӫD0ӻ ÿӏQKQJKƭD%,0QKѭVDX³0ӝWP{KuQKWK{QJWLQF{QJWUuQK%,0OjPӝWGҥQJKLӇQWKӏVӕKyDFӫDFiFÿһFWtQKYұWOêYjFiFÿһFÿLӇPFKӭFQăQJFӫDPӝWF{QJWUuQK9uYұ\QyOjPӝWQJXӗQWjLQJX\rQFKLDVҿNLӃQWKӭFOjPӝWFѫVӣKuQKWKjQKPӝWQӅQWҧQJWK{QJWLQÿiQJWLQFұ\FKRUDTX\ӃWÿӏQKWURQJYzQJÿӡLÿѭӧFÿӏQKQJKƭDWӯO~FVӟPQKҩWFKRUDêWѭӣQJÿӃQO~FSKiKӫ\´ [2]

Hãng SKҫQPӅP$XWRGHVNÿӏQKQJKƭD%,0QKѭVDX³%,0OjPӝWWLӃQWUuQKOLrQTXDQÿӃQYLӋFWҥROұSYjVӱGөQJP{KuQK'WK{QJPLQKÿӇWK{QJWLQYjWUX\ӅQWK{QJYӅFiFTX\ӃWÿӏQKFӫDGӵiQ9LӋFWKLӃWNӃGLӉQKӑDP{SKӓQJYjKӧSWiFÿѭӧFWKӵFKLӋQEӣLFiFF{QJFө%,0FKRSKpSWҩWFҧFiFErQOLrQTXDQKLӇXU}KѫQYӅGӵiQWURQJVXӕWYzQJÿӡLFӫDQy%,0JL~SFKRYLӋFÿҥWPөFWLrXFӫDGӵiQGӉGjQJKѫQ.´ [3]

7URQJNӃKRҥFKFKLӃQOѭӧFYӅ%,0FӫD$QK%,0ÿѭӧFÿӏQKQJKƭDQKѭVDX

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7X\FyQKLӅXÿӏQKQJKƭDYӅ%,0NKiFQKDX, QKѭQJPӝWFiFKFѫEҧQWKu BIM OjWLӃQWUuQKWҥRGӵQJYjVӱGөQJthông tin NӻWKXұWVӕFKRFҧYzQJÿӡLFӫDF{QJWUuQKWӯJLDLÿRҥQWKLӃWNӃ[k\GӵQJFKRÿӃQYұQKjQKEҧRWUuF{QJWUuQK1ӃXFyPӝW VӵWKD\ÿәL EҩWNǤ FӫDWKjQKSKҫQWURQJP{KuQKFNJQJVӁÿѭӧFWӵÿӝQJFұSQKұWFKRWRjQEӝKӋWKӕQJ9uYұ\YLӋFiSGөQJ%,0VӁWҥRÿLӅXNLӋQWKXұQOӧLFKRVӵWUDRÿәLSKӕLKӧS JLӳDFiFErQWKDPJLDWӕLѭXKyDYLӋFWKLӃWNӃWKLF{QJYjTXҧQOêF{QJWUuQK ÿѭӧF, WKӇKLӋQTXDHình 2.1

Trang 22

Hình 2.1 &iFF{QJÿRҥQFӫDP{KuQK%,0WURQJWULӇQNKDLGӵiQ [5]

2.1.2 0ͱFÿ͡SKiWWUL͋Q%,0WUrQWK͇JLͣL

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2.1.3

Hình 2.2 &iFEѭӟFSKiWWULӇQFӫDP{KuQK%,0 [6]

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Hình 2.3 0LQKKӑDFiFPӭFÿӝSKiWWULӇQ [8]

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mô hình

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Trang 26

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0ӭFÿӝSKiWWULӇQWK{QJWLQ /2'

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