(Tiểu luận) đề tài the natural disasters vietnamese

These disasters canhave severe impacts on human lives, infrastructure, and the environment.Vietnam, as a country located in a geographically vulnerable area, faces awide range of natural

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BÀI THẢO LUẬN HỌC PHẦN: TIẾNG ANH 3

ĐỀ TÀI

THE NATURAL DISASTERS VIETNAMESE

Giảng Viên Hướng Dẫn : THS Phạm Thị Xuân Hà Lớp Học Phần : 231_ENTH1611_24 Nhóm Thực Hiện : Nhóm 9

DANH SÁCH THÀNH VIÊN TRONG NHÓM

NAME STUDENT

CODE

MISSION POINT

1 Nguyễn Thị Thu Trang 21D180305  Nhóm trưởng

 Lên nội dung

 Làm nội dung 2.1

 Word

 Ppt

2 Phan Thị Thu Trang 21D180149  Làm nội dung 1 và

2.4

 Ppt

3 Nguyễn Thanh Tùng 21D180151  Làm nội dung 3 và

2.3

 Ppt

4 Nguyễn Thị Hải Yến 21D280160  Làm nội dung 4 và

2.5

 Ppt

5 Nguyễn Minh Uyên 21D180152  Làm nội dung 5 và

2.2

 Ppt

TABLE OF CONTENTS

I Introduction 3

II Natural Disasters In Vietnam 3

II.1 Flash floods 3

II.2 Landslides 4

II.3 Severe storms and typhoons 5

II.4 Droughts 7

II.5 Forest fires 8

III Reasons For Natural Disasters In Vietnam 9

III.1 Geographical factors .9

III.2 Climate factors 9

III.3 Human factors 9

IV Solutions To Natural Disasters In Vietnam 10

IV.1 Raise awareness of each individual 10

IV.2 Early warning systems 10

IV.3 Infrastructure development 10

IV.4 Community participation and education 10

IV.5 International collaborations 11

V Conclusion 11

The natural disasters Vietnamese

I Introduce

Natural disasters are extreme, unpredictable, and destructive events that occur as a result of natural forces They can include events such as earthquakes, floods, hurricanes, wildfires, tsunamis, and volcanic eruptions These disasters can have severe impacts on human lives, infrastructure, and the environment Vietnam, as a country located in a geographically vulnerable area, faces a wide range of natural disasters The country experiences frequent typhoons and storms, causing extensive flooding and landslides, particularly in coastal and mountainous regions Vietnam is also prone to earthquakes, droughts, and forest fires, which pose additional challenges for communities and their livelihoods Understanding the causes behind natural disasters is important for effective disaster management and mitigation Therefore, our group of 9 would like to discuss the topic ”the natural disasters Vietnamese”

II Natural Disasters In Vietnam

2.1.1: Definition And Occurrence

Flash flood: a flood caused by heavy or excessive rainfall in a short period of time, generally less than 6 hours Flash floods are usually characterized by raging

torrents after heavy rains that rip through river beds, urban streets, or mountain canyons sweeping everything before them They can occur within minutes or a few hours of excessive rainfall They can also occur even if no rain has fallen, for instance after a levee or dam has failed, or after a sudden release of water by a debris or ice jam

In Vietnam, flash flood is a common problem and greatly affect people's lives and economy, especially in rural and coastal areas Central provinces such as Thua Thien Hue, Quang Binh, Quang Tri, Quang Ngai and the Mekong delta region such as An Giang, Dong Thap, Tien Giang, Vinh Long often face flooding due to stormy river systems Abundance and the influence of the rainy season

2.1.2: Impact on Vietnamese People and Infrastructure

Flash floods can have a significant impact on Vietnam, affecting various aspects of life and causing both immediate and long-term consequences Some of the impacts of flash floods in Vietnam include:

 Loss of human life: flash floods can result in the loss of human life due to drowning, injuries, or being swept away by the fast-moving water

 Damage to infrastructure: flash floods often lead to the destruction of roads, bridges, and other critical infrastructure This can disrupt transportation, communication, and other essential services

 Agricultural losses: Vietnam relies heavily on agriculture, and flash floods can cause significant damage to crops, resulting in economic losses for farmers

 Environmental impacts: flash floods can lead to soil erosion and sedimentation of rivers, affecting water quality and aquatic ecosystems They can also damage forests and other natural habitats, impacting biodiversity and ecological balance

 Economic consequences: the costs associated with recovery and rehabilitation after flash floods can be substantial

To mitigate the impacts of flash floods, Vietnam has implemented various strategies, including early warning systems, flood-resistant infrastructure development, improved disaster response, and community-based adaptations However, the frequency and intensity of flash floods in Vietnam are influenced by climate change, posing ongoing challenges for the country

2.2.1: Definition And Occurrence

Landslides are a natural disaster characterized by the downward movement of a mass of soil, rock, or debris on a slope They can occur due to various factors, including heavy rainfall, earthquakes, erosion, and human activities Landslides can range in size and severity, from small-scale slope failures to large, devastating events

In Vietnam, landslides are a common occurrence, particularly in areas with steep terrains and heavy rainfall Mountainous regions, such as the northern provinces and the central highlands, are particularly prone to landslides The combination of geological conditions, intense rainfall, and human interference such as deforestation and improper land use contributes to the occurrence of landslides

2.2.2: Impact on Vietnamese People and Infrastructure

Landslides have severe impacts on Vietnamese people and the infrastructure in affected areas Some of the significant consequences include:

 Loss of life and injury: landslides pose a significant threat to human life They can bury homes, roads, and communities, causing fatalities and injuries People living

in vulnerable areas are at higher risk during landslide events

 Displacement and destruction of homes: landslides can result in the destruction of homes and the displacement of communities People may lose their properties and belongings, leading to financial and emotional hardship

 Disruption of transportation: landslides block roads, highways, and other transportation routes, causing major disruptions to travel and commerce This hampers access to essential services such as medical care, education, and emergency response

 Infrastructure damage: landslides can damage critical infrastructure such as bridges, dams, and power lines This not only affects daily activities but also leads

to prolonged downtime, loss of communication, and decreased functionality of public services

 Economic setbacks: the impact of landslides on infrastructure and agriculture can result in significant economic setbacks Loss of vital infrastructure and disruption

in economic activities can lead to decreased productivity, income losses, and reduced access to markets

2.3.1 Definition and Occurrence

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A severe storm is a thunderstorm that has one or more of the following: hail that is

an inch or larger, winds over 58 mph, or a tornado These storms can cause damage to property, trees, and structures, and can also produce dangerous lightning and flash flooding Severe storms are relatively rare, but they can occur worldwide and at any given moment People and businesses need to be aware and take swift action when severe storms are possible

NOAA classifies a storm as “severe” when it produces wind gusts of at least 58 mph and/or hail one inch in diameter (about the size of a quarter) or larger and/or a tornado

A severe thunderstorm warning is issued when a severe storm is indicated by the radar or sighted by spotters; therefore, people in the affected area should seek safe shelter immediately

A severe thunderstorm watch is issued when conditions are favorable for the development of severe storms in and close to the watch area They are usually issued for

a duration of 4 to 8 hours

Vietnam comes second in terms of the occurrence of large storms after the Philippines The Storm and floods are the frequent disasters (storm: 52%, flood: 42% of the total number of disasters)

Typhoons: is defined as a tropical cyclone with the maximum wind of 34 knots or higher A tropical cyclone with the maximum wind of less than 34 knots is called a tropical depression

Vietnam is prone to getting tropical cyclones, also known as typhoons, and averages roughly five storms of this kind per year Typhoon season varies across the country In the northeast, the months most likely to get hit with a typhoon are October through March, while the central coastline is August through November, and the southwest’s timeframe is April to September

2.3.2: Impact On Vietnamese People And Infrastructure

Severe storms and typhoons have bad impacts on Vietnamese people and infrastructure in affected areas Some of that includes:

 Causing damage to people and infrastructure: Strong winds near the storm center accompanied by heavy rain, and tornadoes will cause flooding and casualties of people in those areas Especially for people living at sea, fishing near the sea can

be extremely dangerous when encountering these tropical pressures

 Causing environmental pollution: Rising sea levels affect freshwater sources In addition, heavy rains cause flooding, causing food shortages

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 Impact on agricultural production: Prolonged thunderstorms will cause sea levels

to rise, causing coastal flooding and salinization of fields, directly affecting agricultural production like shrimp, crab, and fish farming

2.4.1: Definition and Occurrence

Droughts are prolonged periods of abnormally dry weather characterized by

a lack of precipitation, resulting in a water shortage They can occur due to natural climate patterns, including climate change and human activities Droughts can vary in intensity and duration, ranging from mild to severe and lasting for months

or even years

In Vietnam, droughts are a recurring natural disaster that affects various regions throughout the country They are usually associated with the dry season from December to April when rainfall is minimal Central and southern regions of Vietnam, including the Mekong delta, are particularly vulnerable to drought due to their agricultural dependence on water resources

2.4.2: Impact on Vietnamese People and Agriculture

Droughts have significant social, economic, and environmental impacts on Vietnamese people and agriculture The consequences of drought include:

 Water scarcity: droughts cause a reduction in water availability for drinking, agriculture, and industrial purposes This directly affects the livelihoods of communities and their ability to meet basic needs

 Crop failure and food security: the shortage of water during droughts hampers crop growth and leads to decreased agricultural production Farmers experience lower yields or complete crop failures, resulting in food shortages, increased food prices, and potential food insecurity

 Livestock and fisheries: droughts also impact livestock farming and fisheries as water sources shrink or dry up Lack of water and forage availability can lead to malnutrition, illness, and even death of livestock Reduced water levels in lakes, rivers, and reservoirs also affect fish populations and disrupt the fishing industry

 Economic and income losses: droughts have long-lasting economic repercussions Farmers face income losses due to crop failure, and agricultural workers may lose their jobs Rural communities heavily dependent on agriculture bear the brunt of these economic impacts

 Environmental degradation: droughts contribute to environmental degradation by reducing soil moisture, increasing desertification, and depleting freshwater ecosystems This leads to decreased biodiversity, soil erosion, and degradation of habitat for plants and animals

The impacts of droughts highlight the need for proactive measures and adaptive strategies to mitigate their effects Water management, including water conservation, efficient irrigation practices, and the development of drought-resilient crops, is vital to enhance the resilience of agriculture and reduce the impacts on Vietnamese people Additionally, promoting sustainable water resource management and climate change adaptation is essential to address the challenges posed by droughts in Vietnam

2.5.1: Definition and Occurrence

Forest fire, also known as forest fire, is a fire event that arises in a forest, affecting or destroying some or all components of that forest Forest fires usually have two origins, arising from the cause Human activities or natural weather conditions Humans are part of the cause of forest fires Actions such as deforestation, logging, firewood collection, mining or throwing burned cigarette butts can also be the cause of widespread forest fires Or harmful animals such as insects also contribute to killing many trees Makes forests more susceptible to fire As summers get longer due to a warmer climate, insects will reproduce faster and in greater numbers In addition, one of the leading causes of forest fires is due

to obvious changes in climate As the earth warms up, temperatures also change erratically The temperature amplitude accordingly fluctuates more and more strongly and always remains high This shows that high temperatures in tropical countries make harsher summers and forest fires are more common

2.5.2: Impact on Vietnamese People And Infrastructure

If humans continue to cause forest fires or are not aware of forest protection,

it will cause many serious consequences Some of them can be mentioned as follows:

The first consequence that needs to be mentioned is that we have lost our forests for decades or even hundreds of years in just ten minutes What's left after those fires? People probably only recovered charcoal, but instead it took us decades more to get back what was lost