Học kỳ 8 ngôn ngữ anh (học phần 1) đhđn

A PART 2: PRACTICE OF ENGLISH-VIETNAMESE TRANSLATION Practise translating the following texts into Vietnamese, using communicative translation in transferring the difficult phrases or sentences in each text Rural tourism focuses on actively participating in a rural lifestyle It can be a variant of ecotourism Many rural villages can facilitate tourism because many villagers are hospitable and eager to welcome (and sometime even host) visitors Agriculture is becoming highly mechanized and therefore, requires less manual labor This trend is causing economic pressure on some villages, which in turn causes young people to move to urban areas Rural tourism generates employment and income for the residents of remote villages This is most especially beneficial to women who often have no new opportunities to earn income away from home In addition, rural tourism can create a market and appreciation for local products and services and keep them alive Urbanization has many adverse effects on the structure of society as gigantic concentrations of people compete for limited resources Rapid housing construction leads to overcrowding and slums, which experience major problems such as poverty, poor sanitation, unemployment and high crime rates Additionally, strains on important natural resources, such as water supply, leads to higher prices and general environmental sustainability problems Urbanization makes people dependent on others for basic necessities; urban-dwellers must rely on the rural hinterland for agricultural production, for instance, because city residents not have enough land to grow their own food Urban-dwellers suffer the psychological degradation that comes from depending on other people to accomplish the activities of daily life, from transportation to education to entertainment Women’s economic empowerment, or ensuring that women and men have equal opportunities to generate and manage income, is an important step to enhancing their development within the household and in society Additionally, women play an important economic role in addressing poverty experienced by children By increasing female participation in the labor force, women are able to contribute more effectively to economic growth and income distribution since having a source of income elevates their financial and social status However, women’s entry into the paid labor force does not necessarily equate to reduction of poverty; the creation of decent employment opportunities and movement of women from the informal work sector to the formal labor market are keys to poverty reduction Intelligent Houses are very similar to Programmable houses that are programmed to perform some activities The difference is in a way the house is being programmed In case of Programmable House technologies it was a human that needed to program or reprogram the house In case of Intelligent Houses it would be done automatically by the house itself This is achieved by the capability of the house to observe the inhabitants in the search for patterns After the pattern is found the house would start performing the activities automatically every time the pattern would be noticed again.One advantage of the Intelligent House is capabilities of intrusion or accident detection As the house is observing the inhabitant all the time and all their usual activities are stored, then it is possible to easily detect an unusual activity In some circumstances it could be a sign that an intruder entered the house in others especially in case of elderly people is that a person for example fainted In such cases the neighbours, police or health care can be informed Around the world, millions of adults are unable to read or write, and therefore struggle to earn a living for themselves and their families Even in the United States, with its considerable resources, there are 36 million adults who can’t read better than the average thirdgrader, according to the international nonprofit ProLiteracy In Detroit, Michigan, a widely cited 2003 survey conducted by the National Institute for Literacy found that almost half of residents over age 16 were functionally illiterate unable to use reading, speaking, writing, and computer skills in everyday life For the first time in nearly three decades, preterm births in the U.S dropped for two years in a row for mothers of all ages under forty The Center for Disease Control and Prevention’s National Center for Health Statistics published the findings on Tuesday Preterm births declined four percent nationally, from 12.8 percent per one hundred births in 2016 to 9.3 percent in 2018 The decrease during the last two years is a departure from preterm birth rates from the early 2000s through 2016, which increased by more than one third, according to CDC data Explanations for the increased premature births include more multiple births – which are often born earlier, and increased obstetric interventions such as induced labor and cesarean deliveries earlier in pregnancy Throughout much of the history of Western civilization, deep-seated cultural beliefs allowed women only limited roles in society Many people believed that women’s natural roles were as mothers and wives These people considered women to be better suited for childbearing and homemaking rather than for involvement in the public life of business or politics Widespread belief that women were intellectually inferior to men led most societies to limit women’s education to learning domestic skills Well-educated, upper-class men controlled most positions of employment and power in society B C D E F G H I J K Many of the World's People who are Illiterate are Rural Women Women make up over two-thirds of the world's 796 million people who are illiterate, and many of them live in rural areas In some countries, far fewer rural women can read and write than rural men For example, in Cambodia 48 percent of rural women are illiterate compared to 14 percent of rural men, while in Burkina Faso 78 percent of rural women and 63 percent of rural men cannot read and write Yet literacy and education can be powerful tools for empowering rural women and fighting poverty and hunger In fact, women who are educated are more likely to be healthy, generate higher incomes, and have greater decision-making power within their households Sustainable energy is energy that meets the needs of the present generations without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs Sustainable energy is about finding clean, renewable sources of energy—sources that renew themselves, rather than sources that can be depleted Sustainable energy is energy that we will never use up or deplete It is inexhaustible Several forms of energy can be considered sustainable In addition to the most commonly considered sources—wind, solar, and water —there’s also bio energy and geothermal energy Bio energy is the process of creating energy from biological masses such as straw, manure and other agricultural byproducts Geothermal energy is