264 As shown in Figure 7 9 above, the positive outcomes of SC5—which achieves the best social and economic outcomes of the scenarios discussed in this research— notwithstanding, it is critical to deba[.]
264 As shown in Figure 7-9 above, the positive outcomes of SC5—which achieves the best social and economic outcomes of the scenarios discussed in this research— notwithstanding, it is critical to debate the underlying implications of not having strictly prioritized environment protection in Vietnam’s current master plan and strategy for 2030 The power sector is likely to be the most dynamic sector in transforming the existing structure into a more competitive and efficient structure The eagerness to accelerate renewable energy—especially solar PV farms—across the country, indicate the strategic transformation towards a cleaner electricity market However, even if this transformation is successful, it only constitutes up to 20% of the total final energy demand, with the majority of increasing energy demand being met by conventional low-cost energy (i.e coal, gas, and oil) While SC5 would generate the highest possible GDP and successfully reconcile food, water, and energy security issues, this scenario would have to sacrifice the environment —recording the highest level of CO2 emissions in the process SC6 serves as an additional scenario intended to overcome the negative aspects of SC5, emphasising the emergent need to reduce CO2 while ensuring harmonious development of the three factors (food, water, and energy) While the GDP generated in SC6 is slightly lower than that of SC5, it compensates for more jobs and significantly reduces CO2 emissions from energy use It is by no means an easy scenario to implement, nor can a one-size-fits all scenario be developed What works for one particular objective might not work for others Therefore, it is worth considering alternative scenarios and proposing which works best for the country according to existing circumstances and with a view towards long-term impacts The six scenarios developed in this research provide robust bases to kick-start Vietnam’s strategic thinking regarding the country’s future development pathway As such, it is imperative that the Vietnamese policy makers consider the price of environmental degradation while implementing a particular policy in developing socio-economic activities