253 food accessibility has increased due to improved investment to advance transport and thus promote the transport of food Food accessibility in SC6 is even better than SC5, demonstrating the suitabi[.]
253 food accessibility has increased due to improved investment to advance transport and thus promote the transport of food Food accessibility in SC6 is even better than SC5, demonstrating the suitability of Vietnam’s future investment and development in this regard Water security SC6 has an overall water security rating of 84.5, which is expected to improve significantly compared to the other scenarios, with the exception of SC4 and SC5 This rating has a difference of 11.8 points higher than that of SC1, 19.5 points higher than that of SC2, and 16.42 points higher than that of SC3; however, it is 15.5 points lower than that of SC4 and 2.3 points lower than that SC5 This significant improvement in water security results from that of water security features, including water stress, affordability, and intensity In particular, pressures on water security will increase to be 4.1 points higher than the base year, 8.6 points higher than that of SC1, 13.9 higher than that of SC2, and 13.3 points higher than those of SC2 and SC4 The SC6 water security index is also 0.9 units lower than that of SC5 The slight improvements in water security in this scenario are based on the adoption of development principles from SC5, as well as the application of improved technologies for more effective usages of water Overall, the results of the water security index in SC6 are in line with Vietnam’s future development orientation because it balances the economy, develops domains equally, and mitigates environmental impacts Policy trade-offs in SC6 If Vietnam chooses the development pathway informed by the energy-water-food nexus and low-carbon strategy (SC6), it will experience significantly better outcomes in terms of energy, water, and food securities, as well as a larger economy (GDP), higher employment, and greater trade surplus in comparison to non-nexus scenarios Compared to SC5, the country is likely to experience a marginally lower GDP (by 1%), lower energy import dependency, lower energy intensity, and better energy accessibility SC6 requires the largest investment in the deployment of new technologies to maximize the total output and efficiency of energy, food, and water sectors, as well as the use of advanced technologies in energy generation and consumption to lower CO2 emissions in both industrial manufacturing and from commercial appliances The main consideration for policy makers in this scenario is determining whether to concede the trade-offs of