Phát triển nguồn nhân lực ngành bưu chính viễn thông việt nam trong điều kiện hội nhập kinh tế quốc tế ( lấy ví dụ ở bưu điện tỉnh ninh bình )

TRCOAG DAI HOC KDDI TE QUOC DMT DA NO I y LO TRAN QUOC VIET DAI HOC KTQD TRUNG TAM THONG TIN THJ VIEN n -1 PHAT TRIEN NGUON NHAN LlC si NGANH BUU CHINH VIEN THONG VIET NAM TRONG OIEu KIEN HOI NHAP KINH TE QUOC TE (LAY VI DU BUU OIEN TINH NINH BINH) ■ - m r X Chuyen nganh: Kinh t§ chinh tri LUAN VAN THAC Si KINH TE ■ ■ Nguoi hu'o'tig dan khoa hoc: PGS TS NAI HQU THOC THS ■ 3333 Ha Xdi - 2006 Ldl CAM DOAN Toi xin cam doan day la cong trinh nghien ciiu doc lap va cua rieng toi Cac so lieu, ket qua nghien ctru, trinh bay luan van hoan toan trung thuc Cac tai lieu tham khao co nguon trich dSn ro rang, cong khai va minh bach Hoc vien TRAN QUOC VIET MUC LUC • • Trang CAC TIT VI^T TAT TRONG LU AN VAN DANH MUC CAC SO DO, BI^U DO, BANG BIEL BAN TOM TAT LU AN VAN PHAN MO DAU CHUONG I: NHUNG VAN Dlt LY LUAN - THUC TlfiN Vlt PHAT TRIEN NNL VA SU CAN THIET KHACH QUAN PHAT TRIEN NNL NGANH BCVT VIET NAM TRONG BIEL KIEN HOI NHAP KTQT 1.1 NNL, phat trien NNL va cac nhan to anh hirdng den phat trien NNL 1.1.1 NNL, phat trien NNL va noi dung phat trien NNL 1.1.2 Cac chi tieu cd ban danh gia NNL 1.1.3 Cac nhan to anh hudng den phat trien NNL 1.2 1.2.1 Vai tro cua phat trien NNL qua trinh hoi nhap KTQT 1.3.1 Kinh nghiem cua mot so nude ve phat trien NNL 1.3.3 18 22 24 24 30 Kinh nghiem nude va quoc te ve phat trien NNL dieu kien hoi nhap KTQT 1.3.2 Su can thiet khach quan phat trien NNL nganh BCVT dieu kien hoi nhap KTQT 1.3 Vai tro cua phat trien NNL va sir can thiet khach quan phat trien NNL nganh BCVT Viet Nam die kien hoi nhap KTQT 1.2.2 Kinh nghiem ve phat trien NNL cua mot so nganh d nude Bai hoc kinh nghiem ve phat trien NNL 35 35 44 50 CHUONG H: THUC TRANG NNL NGANH BCVT VIEI NAM (DANH GIA THONG QUA THUC TRANG NNL BUU DIEN TINH NINH BINH) 56 2.1 Dac diem va tinh hinh phat trien cua Buu dien tinh Ninh Binh 56 2.1.1 Su hinh va phat trien cua Buu dien tinh Ninh Binh 56 2.1.2 Dac diem cua Buu dien tinh Ninh Binh 57 2.1.3 Tinh hinh phat trien SXKD cua Buu dien tinh Ninh Binh nhung nam qua 61 2.2 Hien trang NNL cua Buu dien tinh Ninh Binh 2.2.1 Dac diem NNL d Biru dien tinh Ninh Binh 63 63 2.2.2 Thue trang so luong, co cau va chat luong NNL d Buu dien tinh Ninh Binh 64 2.2.3 Dao tao va su dung NNL Buu dien tinh Ninh Binh 74 2.3 Danh gia chung ve NNL cua Buu dien tinh Ninh Binh va cua nganh BCVT Viet Nam hien 86 2.3.1 Nhung mat manh 86 2.3.2 Nhung han che, yeu kern va nguyen nhan 87 CHUONG III: DINH HUdNG VA CAC GIAI PHAP CHU YEU PHAT TRIEN NNL NGANH BCVT VIET NAM TRONG THdl GIAN T6l 3.1 90 Dinh huerng phat trien NNL nganh Buu chinh Viin Thong Viet Nam boi canh hoi nhap KTQT 3.1.1 Dinh hudng phat trien nganh BCVT Viet Nam 3.1.2 Dinh huefng phat trien NNL nganh BCVT Viet Nam 3.2 Cac giai phap chu yeu phat trien NNL nganh BCVT Viet Nam hien 3.2.1 Nhom giai phap ve giao due, dao tao, nang cao chat luong NNL 90 90 93 99 99 3.2.2 Nhom giai phap ve cac chinh sach, ke hoach, chien luoc phat trien NNL nganh BCVT 108 3.2.3 Nhom giai phap v6 tuyen dung, sir dung, to chtrc, sip xep NNL nganh BCVT Viet Nam dat nang suat, chat luong va hieu qua 3.2.4 Nhom giai phap h6 trq khac 111 114 KET LUAN 116 DANH MUC TAI LIEU THAM KHAO 118 Phu luc 122 Phu luc 123 Phu luc 124 Phu luc 125 CAC tQ VIET tAt luan vAn BCVT - Buu chfnh ViSn thong BDT - Btru dien tinh CBCNV - Can bo - cong nhan vien CNVC - Cong nhan vien chuc CNH - Cong nghiep hoa CNTT - Cong nghe thong tin CNTT&TT - Cong nghe thong tin va truyen thong CNKT - Cong nhan ky thuat CNPM - Cong nghe phan mem 10 CMKT - Chuyen mon ky thuat 11 DN - Doanh nghiep 12 DH&CD - Dai hoc va cao dang 13 GDP - Tong san pham quoc noi 14 HDI - Chi so phat tri^n nguon nhan luc 15 HDH - Hien dai hoa 16 KHCN - Khoa hoc cong nghe 17 KHKT - Khoa hoc ky thuat 18 KTQT - Kinh te quoc te 19 KTXH - Kinh te xa hoi 20 LLLD - Luc luqng lao dong 21 NNL - Nguon nhan luc 22 NSLD - Nang suat lao dong 23 PPP - Phuong phap strc mua tuong duong 24 SXKD - San xuat kinh doanh 25 TBCN - Tu ban chu nghia 26 THCN - Trung hoc chuyen nghiep 27 UN - Lien hop quoc 28 UNDP - Chuong trinh phat trien cua lien hop quoc 29 UNESCO - To chile di san khoa hoc giao due cua lien hop quoc 30 VNPT - Tap doan Buu chfnh vidn thong Viet Nam 31 USD - Dong la My 32 WB - Ngan hang the gidi 33 WHO - To chile y te the gidi 34 WTO - To chdc thuong mai the gidi _- * J *? DANH MUC CAC 50 DO, BIEU DO, BANG BIEU X xN I DANH MUC CAC SO DO So 2.1 H So to chuc 60 DANH MUC CAC BIEU DO Bieu 2.1 Doanh thu qua cac nam 62 Bieu 2.2 Phat trien may dien thoai qua cac nam 62 m DANH MUC CAC BANG BIEU Bang 1.1 Ty a1 uc ucng ao ddng co CMKT ( Tinb den 01/00/2002) 29 Bang 1.2 Chi phi cho giao due ccc nude cong nghiep phat trien 39 Bang 1.3 5S) luong lao dong cua (PLSC (Den het 01/02)2004) 4/ Bang 2.1 UiiiIi l^inl^ can xuat Link doonh cua Bini dien tinn Ninh Binh 63 Bang 2.2 So luong, co cau va chat luong CN4L 65 Bang 2.3 NNL ph£n theo linh vuc hoat dong 6/ Bang 2.4 NNL phan (heo vung, mien 68 Bang 2.5 NNL ph^n (heo theo co cau chuc nang 69 Bang 2.6 NNL phAn theo giiei ttrnt, c£u tore tuoi va tham nien cong (tc /1 Bang 2.7 NNL phan Chco kel cau Cnini cio /3 Bang 2.8 Dao (ao va sir dung NNL /4 Bang 2.9 Trq cap khuyen (kifch hoc (Ap 81 Bang 2.10 Trq cap hoc bong hoc (Ap 81 Bang 2.11 Thmmg khuycn khLh hoc tap 81 Bang 2.12 Quy thi dua khen (hudng, quy phuc (aoi 83 Bang 2.13 Dong gop bao hiem xa hoi, bao hiem y te 84 DAI HOC KIMI TE QUOC oXv HA AOI 03 TRAN QUOC VIET ■ PHAT TRIEN NGUON NHAN LUC NGANH BUU CHINH VIEN THONG VIET NAM TRONG DIEU KIEN HOI NHAP KINH TE QUOC TE (LAY VI DU BUU DIEN TINH NINH BINH) > _ ** r Chuyen nganh: Kinh tĐ chinh tri ã tom tAt luan van tha c st kinh TE ■ ■ Nguoi huang dan khoa hoc: PGS TS MAI HUTU THUC Hu Noi - 2006 Md OAU Tinh cdp thi§t cua de tai Phat trien NNL la mot nhan to co y nghia quyet dinh nhat doi vdi su nghiep CNH, HDH dat nudc Dang va Nha nudc ta luon khang dinh NNL la muc tieu va dong luc chfnh cua su nghiep phat trien kinh te - xa hoi Vi vay, viec phat trien NNL nganh BCVT dap ting yeu cau phat trien kinh te - xa hoi cua dat nudc dieu kien hoi nhap KTQT la van de cap thiet hien Do do, tac gia da chon van de: “Phat trien NNL nganh BCVT Viet Nam dieu kien hoi nhap KTQT (Lay vi du ff BBT Ninh Binh)” lam de tai luan van cao hoc cua minh Tinh hinh nghien cUu cua de' tai Phat trien NNL la mot de tai khoa hoc rat ldn, rat rong va da co nhieu de tai, cong trinh khoa hoc da de cap, di sau nghien ctiu phan tfch d nhieu linh vuc, khfa canh va cap khac Tuy nhien, nhung de tai ve phat trien NNL cua nganh BCVT gdn vdi dieu kien hoi nhap KTQT rat hiem va chua duoc phan tfch day du ■r Muc dich nghien ctiu va nhiem vu khoa hoc cua de tai • Muc dich nghien cuu: Tren co sd nghien ctiu, phan tfch nhung van de ly luan va thuc tien ve phat trien NNL, danh gia thuc trang NNL cua Nganh BCVT Viet Nam, thong qua phan tfch thuc trang NNL d BDT Ninh Binh, luan van neu len dinh hudng va cac giai phap nham phat trien NNL nganh BCVT Viet Nam dap ting yeu cau phat trien cua nganh dieu kien canh tranh va hoi nhap KTQT • Nhung nhiem vu khoa hoc: - Phan tfch tong hop nhung van de ly luan va thuc tien ve phat trien NNL - Phan tfch, danh gia thuc trang NNL cua nganh BCVT thong qua phan tfch thuc trang NNL ff BDT Ninh Binh ii - Neu len nhung dinh huong va cac giai phap chu yeu phat trien NNL nganh BCVT Viet Nam thCi gian toi D6i tuong va pham vi nghien cUu • Doi tuftng: Doi tuong nghien cuu cua luan van la phat trien NNL nganh BCVT Viet Nam dieu kien hoi nhap KTQT Tuy nhien, su phan tich, danh gia va bai hoc kinh nghiem duoc lay vf du tinh hinh thuc te o BDT Ninh Binh de khai quat • Pham vi nghien cuu: De tai chi tap trung nghien cuu, giai quyet nhung van de ve phat trien NNL nganh BCVT Viet Nam dieu kien hoi nhap KTQT Phuong phap nghien cCru Trong qua trinh nghien cuu, luan van su dung nhung nguyen ly, ly luan va nhung phuong phap luan co ban nhat cua Chu nghia Mac - Le Nin, tu tuong Ho chi Minh De tai su dung cac phuong phap nghien cuu bien cua kinh te chinh tri hoc nhu: Phuong phap vat bien chuug, phuong phap lo gich ket hop voi lich sU, phuong phap triu tuong hoa khoa hoc, phuong phap phan tich tong hop, thong ke, so sanh va phuong phap du bao khoa hoc ngoai ra, de tai su dung ke thua cac ket qua va so lieu nghien cuu da duoc kiem nghiem, danh gia tu truoc toi Dong gop cua luOn van - Luan van da khai quat duoc nhung van de ly luan va thuc tiln ve phat trien NNL dieu kien hoi nhap KTQT - Phan tich, danh gia sat thuc thuc trang NNL o BDT Ninh Binh - Neu len nhung dinh huong va cac giai phap thiet thuc de phat trien NNL nganh BCVT Viet Nam dieu kien canh tranh va hoi nhap KTQT voi tam nhin den nam 2015 iii Ket cdu cua luan vein Ngoai trang bia, bang ky hieu chu viet tat, muc iuc iuan van duoc chia iam chuong Chuang I: Nhung van de iy iuan - thuc ti6n ve phat trien NNL va su can thiet khach quan phat trien NNL nganh BCVT Viet Nam dieu kien hoi nhap KTQT Chuang II: Thuc trang NNL nganh BCVT Viet Nam (Duoc danh gia thong qua thuc trang NNL O BDT Ninh Binh) Chuang III: Dinh hudng va giai phap chu yeu phat trien NNL nganh BCVT Viet Nam thoi gian toi Chuang I NHUNG VAN DE LY LUAN - THUC TlEN VE PHAT TRIEN NNL • * - • J * VA SU CAN THIET KHACH QUAN PHAT TRIEN NNL NGANH BCVT VIET NAM TRONG DIEU KIEN HOI NHAP KTQT 1.1 NNL, PHAT TRIEN NNL VA CAC NHAN TO ANH HUdNG DEN PHAT TRIEN NNL I 1.1 NNL, phat trien NNL va noi dung phat trien NNL J 1.1.1 Nguo'n nhdn luc Co nhieu quan diem cua cac tac gia, hoc gia va cac nha khoa hoc de cap den khai niem NNL Tuy nhien, duoi dang tong quat co the cho rang, NNL bao gdm cac mat the iuc, tri iuc, tinh thdn va duoc danh gia thong qua ve so iuong va cha't iuong NNL Ke thira nhung nhan to khoa hoc ve cac quan niem cua cac nha khoa hoc da nghien cuu truoc ve NNL, theo tac gia iuan van: “Nguon nhan luc la nguon luc ve nguai vai so luang va chat luang nhat dinh, la dan so va - Ill - doc Up vdi theo mo hinh Cong ty Me - Cong ty Vi vay, xay dung ke hoach phat trien NNL giai doan phai tap trung vao mot so diem sau: -Mot la: LTu tien dao tao tang nhanh doi ngu lao dong co trinh cao dang dai hoc va tren dai hoc d cac don vi thuoc cac vung mien cd di£u kien phat trien kinh te kho khan (Vung mien nui, Tay nguyen, vung sau vung xa) de khac phuc tinh trang mat can ddi co cau trinh lao dong giua cac don vi nganh, dat muc tieu chung la lao dong cd trinh cao dang, dai hoc va tren dai hoc chiem tren 40% lao dong toan nganh vao nam 2015 - Hai la: Nang cao chat luong NNL buu chinh theo hudng tang nhanh ty le lao dong cd trinh cao dang dai hoc va tren dai hoc ve chuyen nganh quan ly, doanh thac buu chinh va lao dong ky thuat lanh nghe, phan dau dat muc tieu tang NSLD binh quan hang nam td 10 den 15%, tien den can bang thu - chi, kinh doanh cd lai Buu chinh cung di vao hoat dong theo mo hinh Cdng ty me - Cdng ty vao nam 2015 - Ba la: Dau tu dao tao, thu hut NNL chat luqng cao, can bo quan ly kinh doanh cd nang luc, trinh dd chuyen mon gidi Hinh doi ngu chuyen gia dau nganh linh vuc vidn thong, CNTT mang tam cd khu vuc va quoc te - Bon la: Chu dau tu cho cdng tac nghien cdu khoa hoc, nham nang cao chat luqng doi ngu can bo lam cdng tac nghien cdu khoa hoc va ling dung KHCN Bdi le khong the cd duqc su phat trien va umg dung cd hieu qua cua KHCN cung nhu khong the cd duqc doi ngu can bo nghien curu, dng dung KHCN cd cha't luqng cao neu nhu khong duqc dau tu dung mdc, dung thdi diem va hieu qua 3.2.3 Nhom giai phap ve tuyen dung, sd dung, td churc, sap xep NNL nganh BCVT dat nang sudt, chdt luong va hieu qua cao • Gidi phap ve tuyen dung va sd dung NNL Mot la: Phai cd co che va quy trinh tuyen chon NNL dat hieu qua va chat luqng cao Trong quy trinh tuyen dung, can doi mdi phuong thdc tuyen dung theo hinh thdc thi va phong van, can tap trung tuyen dung lao dong cd trinh cao, dac biet la lao dong la nhung chuyen gia dau nganh ve linh vuc CNTT, vi6n thong Can coi cong tac tuyen dung nhu la don “dat hang” - 112 - Hai la: Phat hien, boi duong, thu hut, sir dung va dai ngo nhan tai hop ly, tranh hien tuong chay mau cha't xam cua nganh Viec tuyen dung lao dong chat luong da kho, viec giu cho lao dong gidi d lai, gdn bo va trung thanh, cdng hien cho su nghiep phat trien cua nganh lai cang kho gap boi, vi vay song song vdi viec tuyen dung tot van phai tap trung cho cdng tac suf dung hop ly, khoa hoc, co co che khuyen khfch dong vien ngudi lao dong nhu tien luong, tien thudng, cham lo ddi song vat chat, van hoa, tinh than, tao cho ngudi lao dong cd co hoi hoc tap, nang cao trinh va cdng hien het sdc minh cho cong cuoc phat trien cua nganh Ba la: Tiep tuc dieu chinh va hoan thien co cdu phan bo NNL tdi uu giua cac nganh nghe, cac vung mien, giua thi va nong thon, giua linh vuc Buu chinh, vidn thong, CNTT Viec to churc lai theo mo hinh Tap doan se la co hoi va dieu kien thuan loi de nganh cd su dieu chinh va hoan thien phan bo NNL tdi uu, dam bao hieu qua va chat luong, NSLD, phu hop vdi tirng chdc danh, nganh nghe dao tao, tranh su dung lao dong khong dung nganh nghe dao tao, hoac su dung lao dong khong dung vi tri, khong phu hop vdi chdc danh cdng viec, tranh viec su dung lao dong bda bai, tien khong dung vdi muc dich va yeu cau sd dung, khong phat huy hieu qua va NSLD • Gidi phap ve to chdc, sap xep lao dong hop ly, khoa hoc ly cua nganh Qua trinh ddi mdi to chdc quan ly cua nganh se dan den su thay doi ve phan cdng lao dong, to chdc san xua't, vi vay can phai cd su to chdc sap xep lao dong giai doan de dam bao cho viec hoach dinh NNL phu hop vdi tinh hinh thuc te tai cac don vi vien cung nhu toan nganh Trudc mat, ddi vdi doi ngu lao dong true tie'p cua cac buu dien tinh thanh, day la ddi ngu lao dong tham gia true tie'p vao qua trinh SXKD (truyen dua tin tdc) bao gom bao dudng, sda chua cap, day may thue bao, chuyen mach, vi ba, khai thac buu chfnh, phat hanh bao chi, tin hoc thuc hien phuong an tach buu chfnh, vien thong tren dia ban huyen, thi xa (thanh pho), lao dong duqc chia tach theo nguyen tac: ddi vdi nhung bo phan to chdc duqc ban giao nguyen hien trang thi giu nguyen doi ngu lao dong bo phan do, ddi vdi nhung bo phan buoc phai thay doi chdc nang nhiem vu, viec chia tach -113- lao dong phai dam bao phu hop vdi nganh nghe dao tao Tuy nhien, sau thuc hien viec chia tach lao dong, da xuat hien tinh trang thira, thieu lao dong d mot so bo phan nen viec to chuc sSp xep lao dong cung can phai co su linh hoat, khoa hoc, khong rap khuon theo phuong an Vi du, sau chia tach mot sd Cong ty vidn thong da thieu lao dong md rong nang luc mang ludi, lao dong buu chinh cd xu huong ddi du Vi vay, de dam bao yeu cau khong tang lao dong, can chu dong lap ke hoach, sdp xep can ddi lao dong de lua chon va dao tao tai chd hoac ngdn han lao dong buu chinh doi du phuc vu cho vi6n thong vdi cac cong viec gian don nhu rai cap, bao dudng sua chua cap, day may thue bao, nhu vay se dam bao duoc yeu cau khong tang lao dong va thuc hien duoc muc tieu giai quyet viec lam ddi vdi lao dong ddi du De to chile sap xep lai lao dong mot each khoa hoc, hop ly, phu hop can tien hanh danh gia lai doi ngu lao dong hien cd tren co sd phan loai ve trinh van hoa, trinh chuyen mon, linh vuc cong tac, lam co so cho viec lap ke hoach dao tao, boi dudng NNL, khac phuc tinh trang thira, thieu lao dong qua trinh doi mdi to chile quan ly Hai la: khac phuc tinh trang mat can doi ve trinh lao dong giua cac bitu dien tinh cac vung mien Qua phan tfch thuc trang co cau trinh cua nganh cho thay LLLD giua cac don vi (Chu ydu la cac buu dien tinh thanh, cac cong ty doc) cd su chenh lech rat ldn ve ket cau trinh lao dong Cac don vi thuoc mien nui trung du bac bo va Cao nguyen Nam trung bo gom 19 buu dien tinh la nhung don vi cd trinh lao dong tha'p nhat va ty le lao dong chua qua dao tao cao nhat yeu cau quan hang dau phat trien doanh nghiep BCVT boi canh mdi la to chile lai mang ludi, day chuyen san xuat, doi mdi cong nghe, ky thuat, nang cao chat luong, md rong va phat trien dong deu ludi mang ludi SXKD cua VNPT Vi vay, giai doan trudc mat can uu tien dao tao nang cao trinh do, chat luong doi ngu lao dong o cac don vi nhieu hon so vdi cac don vi lai de cd the dat duqc ty le binh quan toan nganh, dam bao yeu cau phat trien SXKD didu kien mdi Muc tieu tong the den nam 2015, ty le lao dong cd trinh cao dang, dai hoc, tren dai hoc chiem khoang tir 35%-45% tong so lao dong toan nganh, nhung hien cd mot so tinh thuoc mien nui trung du bSc bo ty le chi chiem dudi 10% tong sd lao dong cua don vi Dieu kien uu tien cd the la: -114- kinh phi doi vdi lao dong khong thuoc dien duoc cu di dao tao ma tham gia cac khoa dao tao ngoai gid (tai chdc, chinh quy buoi toi ) - Co chinh sach tao dong luc khuyen khich lao dong cac don vi dao tao nang cao trinh do, giam bdt cac tieu chuan ddi vdi lao dong cua cac don vi mien nui, tay nguyen va cac don vi thuoc cac vung mien cd dieu kien phat trien kinh te - xa hoi kho khan tham gia cac khoa dao tao VNPT to chdc - Tuyen dung lao dong mdi dap dng duqc trinh theo dung chuyen nganh, bao dam thuc hidn muc tieu tang ty le ket cau trinh phu hqp theo cac bac dao tao va chat luqng lao dong 3.2.4 Nhom giai phap ho trq khac • Nang cao chdt luong cong tdc quan ly, danh gid thuc trang lao dong nganh BCVT Nang cao chdt luqng cong tac quan ly, dieu tra, danh gia thuc trang lao dong hang nam cua VNPT nham muc dich phan anh trung thuc, khach quan hien trang NNL cua VNPT, vi dieu kien LLLD cua VNPT hien rat ldn, mang ludi td chdc DN trai rong tren 64 tinh ca nudc nen viec khao sat, dieu tra lao dong thdi gian qua thudng khong chinh xac, td dan den viec lap quy hoach va phat trien NNL chua sat vdi nhu cdu thuc te Vi vay, can xay dung he thong cac phuong phap va cd cac chuyen gia nghien cdu, khao sat danh gia NNL cho tat ca lao dong theo mot trinh tu, tieu chuan va bieu mdu thong nhat doi vdi tat ca cac don vi cung mot linh vuc hoat dong Tang cudng cong tac quan ly, danh gia thuc trang lao dong theo timg nam, timg giai doan cu the de chu dong viec lap ke hoach, khac phuc kip thdi nhung ton tai, dat hieu qua phan cong lao dong tdi uu • Nang cao doi song vat chdt, tinh than va tang cudng cong tdc chain sdc, bao ve sdc khoe cho ngudi lao dong Ddi vdi mdi ngudi, cdng hien va nhu cau hudng thu khong the tach rdi Ben canh nhu cau ve vat chat co nhu cdu ve tinh than Vi vay nang -115- cao ddi song vat chat, ddi song tinh than va tang cudng cong tac cham soc sure khoe nang cao the luc cho ngudi lao dong la mot cac giai phap phat khai rSt tot VNPT Tuy nhien, giai doan vdi su phat trien cang cao cua ddi song kinh te - xa hoi, nhu cau hudng thu vat chat, tinh than cua ngudi lao dong cung vi the ma tang len Cung vdi su phat trien rat nhanh cua KHKT, cdng nghe ddi hdi ngudi lao dong phai cd day du the luc va tri luc tot nhat Viec quan tarn cham lo den ddi song vat chat, tinh than phai gan lien vdi cham lo den sure khoe cua NNL Yeu to' sdc khoe rat quan trong qua trinh phat trien cua nganh Vi vay, hang nam phai cd ke hoach kiem tra sure khoe dinh ky mdi nam 01 lan, kham va chua tri kip thdi cac can benh lay lan, benh nghe nghiep, dac biet la nganh ra't thuan loi cd mot so' don vi chuyen ve linh vuc nhu: Benh vien Buu dien I II, III, Trung tarn dieu dudng phuc hdi churc nang Buu dien I, II, III Ben canh phai quan tarn cham lo cac che va quydn lqi do'i vdi ngudi lao dong nhu: HDLD, Thoa udc lao dong, BHXH, BHYT, bao ho lao dong, che doc hai, benh nghe nghiep, tai nan lao dong, • Xay dung mdi trudng van hod kinh doanh hien dai Qua trinh phat trien NNL didu kien doi mdi to churc quan ly cua VNPT can chu y xay dung moi trudng van hoa DN hien dai Mdi trudng van hoa DN la ban sac cua DN, giup nhan dien duqc DN, hieu duqc ban chat, each churc to churc kinh doanh va each thde to churc quan ly DN nhu the nao Kie'n tao moi trudng van hoa DN phai dua tren cor sd ton lan Mot ngudi lao dong dqc ton se cd dong luc de ren luyen, hoc tap va phat huy tot da kha nang cua minh gop phan thuc hien cdng cac muc tieu, chien luqc cua VNPT Can tao mdi trudng lam viec an toan, thoai mai cho ngudi lao dong tren co sd thuan thu cac chuan muc ve hanh vi, tac phong cdng nghiep giao tie'p vdi khach hang, nhat la lao dong d cac bo phan giao dich BCVT Xay dung mdi trudng van hoa DN to't khong nhung la yeu to' quan de phat trien toan dien NNL cua VNPT ma gop phan tao nen kha nang canh tranh, lam phong phu them cac dich vu cho khach hang mang lai hinh anh, Sri tuqng to't cho VNPT -116 - KET LUAN Phat trien NNL nganh BCVT dieu kien Hoi nhap KTQT la mot viec lam het sure can thiet va cap bach, de tirng budc nang cao chat luong NNL, x&y dung quy hoach, muc tieu, chien luoc phat trien NNL nham dap thcri dap ling ddi hoi cang cao cua qua trinh hoi nhap KTQT va mdi trudng canh tranh cang gay gat linh vuc BCVT, CNTT&TT Nghien cun phat trien NNL la mot viec lam het sire kho khan, phuc tap va mdi me ddi vdi nganh BCVT noi rieng cung nhu d Viet Nam hien noi chung De dat duqc muc tieu phat trien NNL nganh BCVT Viet Nam dieu kien hoi nhap KTQT thdi gian tdi, tac gia da di sau vao phan tfch cac noi dung - Nghien cun co sd ly luan va thuc tidn nhung van de co ban ve phat trien NNL Trong do, lam ro cac noi dung chu yeu cua phat trien NNL, cac dieu kien, nhan to anh hudng den phat trien NNL lam phuong phap cho viec xay dung cac bien phap phat trien NNL - Phan tfch, danh gia thuc trang NNL d BDT Ninh Binh, cung nhu cua VNPT, rut nhung uu diem, nguyen nhan han che va nhung ton tai ve thuc trang doi ngu lao dong hien d BDT Ninh Binh noi rieng va cua nganh BCVT noi chung - Th co sd ly luan va thuc trang NNL cua Buu dien tinh Ninh Binh, VNPT, tac gia de xuat cac bien phap chu yeu nham phat trien NNL cua nganh BCVT giai doan doi mdi t6 chdc quan ly, phu hop vdi dieu kien thuc tian Cac bien phap chu yeu duqc de cap den viec nang cao cha't luong NNL de dap ung cac yeu cau dat dieu kien lap tap doan BCVT, dap ung yeu cau canh tranh va hoi nhap KTQT Tuy nhien, nghien cuu phat trien NNL la nghien cuu cac yeu to' lien quan true tiep den ngudi Mat khac, doi ngu NNL cua NNPT hien - 117 - co so luong rat ldn, hoat dong nhieu linh vuc vdi mang ludi kinh doanh, phuc vu rong khdp cac tinh ca nudc vdi cac vung mien cd dieu kien phat trien KTXH rat khac Trong qua trinh nghien cdu viec tap hqp cac so lieu va tai lieu chua thuc su day du, chinh xac, khach quan va kip thdi Mac du, duqc su giup dd nhiet tinh, chu dao cua giao vien hudng din khoa hoc, cac thay co giao, cac chuyen gia dau nganh ve linh vuc BCVT, CNTT, cua lanh dao va cac dong nghiep co quan, cong vdi su cd gang, nd luc cua chinh ban than tac gia, song mot sd dieu kien han che nhat dinh nen luSn van khong tranh khdi nhung khiem khuyet nhat dinh Vdi tinh than cdu thi, tac gia rat mong nhan duqc y kien dong gop quy bau, chan cua cac thay co giao, cac chuyen gia, cac nha quan ly, cac nha nghien cdu, cac dong nghiep co quan de luan van duqc hoan thien hon Hudng phat trien tiep theo cua luan van la thuc hien nghien cdu de tai theo hudng “Phat trien NNL tap doan BCVT Viet Nam nen kinh tetri thuc” -118- DANH MUC TAl LIEU THAM • • KhAo Bo luat Lao dong Viet Nam (Da sua doi, bo sung) TS Nguyen Duy Bic, “Tac dong cua toan cdu hoa kinh te ddi vcri giao due - dao tao hien tren the gidi”, Tap chi Ly luan Chfnh tri, sd 12, 2003 Cac bao bao tong ket cua Tong cong ty Buu chfnh Vidn thong Viet Nam, cac nam 2000 den 2005 Cac bao bao tong ket cua Buu dien tinh Ninh Binh, cac nam 2000 den 2005; Cac sd lieu thong ke cua cac phong Ke hoach Xay dung co ban, Tai chfnh ke toan thong ke, To churc can bo lao dong, Vidn thong tin hoc Chuong trinh khoa hoc cdng nghe cd'p Nha nudc, ma sd KX-07 (1995), Con ngudi Viet Nam - muc tieu va dong luc cua su phat trien kinh te xa hoi, Ha Noi Chiristian Batal, Quan ly nguon nhan luc khu vuc Nha Nudc, Nha xua't ban chfnh tri quoc gia, 2002 Mai Quoc Chanh (Chu bien) (1999), Nang cao chat luong nguon nhan luc dap umg yeu cdu CNH, HDH dat nudc, NXB Chfnh tri quo'c gia, Ha Noi GS.TS Nguydn Trong Chuan, PGS.TS Nguydn Van Phuc (Dong chu bien), May van de dao due dieu kien kinh te thi trudng d nudc ta hien nay, Nha xua't ban chfnh tri quo'c gia, 2003 Hoang Van Chu, Ngo Van Que (1996), Phat trien Nguon nhan luc va phuong phap dung ngudi quan ly kinh doanh, NXB, Lao dong, Ha Noi 10 Ngo Xuan Dan, Ho Thien (1997), “Phat huy nhan to ngudi nen kinh te md”, Tap chf kinh te va phat trien, sd 49/07 11 ThS Dinh Quynh Diep, Hoi nhap kinh te quo'c te cua nganh Vidn thong Viet Nam: Thuc trang va moi sd giai phap, Trudng Dai hoc Kinh te quo'c dan, 2005 12 Dang Cong san Viet Nam: Van kien Dai hoi ldn thur IX cua Dang, NXB Chfnh tri Quo'c Gia, 2001 - 11913 Dang Cong san Viet Nam: Van kien Dai hoi lan thu X cua Dang, NXB Chinh tri Quoc Gia, 2006 14 Ths Nguyen Van Diem, PGS.TS Nguyen Ngoc Quan (Dong chu bien), Giao trinh quan tri nhan luc, Nha xuat ban Lao dong - Xa hoi, 2004 15 PGS.TS Nguydn Trong Didu: Quan tri nguon nhan luc (Tap 1+2), Nha xuat ban Chinh tri Quoc Gia, nam 2003 16 Giao trinh Quan tri nhan luc; Bo mon Quan tri Nhan luc, Trudng dai hoc Kinh te Quoc dan, PGS-TS Pham Dire Thanh; NXB Giao due, 1995-1998 17 Giao trinh kinh te lao dong; Tap 1; Bo mon Kinh te lao dong, Trudng dai hoc Kinh te Quoc dan, PGS-PTS Pham Ddc Thanh; Tai ban lan 2; NXB Giao due, 1995 18 Giao te nhan su doanh nghiep; Phong Son; NXB Tp Ho Chi Minh; 1990 19 Harold Koontz, Cyril Odonnell, Heinz Weihrich, Nhung van de cot yeu cua quan ly, Nha xuat ban Khoa Hoc va Ky thuat, 2004 20 GS.VS Pham Minh Hac, PGS.TS Le Diic Phuc (Dong chu bien), Mot so van de ve nghien cuu nhan each, Nha xuat ban chinh tri quoc gia, 2004 21 GS, VS Pham Minh Hac (Chu bien), (1996), Van de ngudi su nghiep CNH, HDH, NXB Chinh tri quoc gia, Ha Noi 22 Tran Kim Hai (1997), “nang cao hieu qua su dung nguon nhan luc hien co de CNH, HDH da't nudc”, Tap chi kinh te va du bao, sd 23 Ho Anh Hai (2000), “Kinh te tri thuc vdi cac nudc dang phat trien”, Tap chi thong tin ly luan, sd 24 Chu Hao (2003), Vai trd cua cdng nghe thong tin CNH, HDH rut ngan, Bai viet cho hoi thao khoa hoc “Kinh te tri thurc va CNH, HDH rut ngan d Viet Nam”, Ha Noi thang 8/2003 25 TS Doan Van Khai: Nguon luc ngudi qua trinh cdng nghiep hoa, hien dai hoa d Viet Nam, Nha xuat ban ly luan Chinh tri, nam 2005 - 120 - 26 TS Bui Sy Loi: Phat trien nguon nhan luc den nam 2010 theo hudng Cong nghiep hoa, hien dai hoa, Nha xuat ban Chfnh tri Quoc Gia, nam 2002 27 TS Le Thi Ngan, Nang cao chai luong nguon nhan luc tiep can kinh te tri thurc d Viet Nam, Hoc vien chfnh tri quoc gia Ho chf Minh, 2005 28 Nien giam thong ke nganh BCVT Viet Nam 2002-2005 29 ThS Pham Van Manh, Phat trien nguon nhan luc phuc vu su nghiep cong nghiep hoa, hien dai hoa d Ha Noi, Trudng Dai hoc Kinh te quoc dan, 2002 30 PGS.TS Bui Xuan Phong; TS Vu Trong Phong; ThS Ha Van Hoi: Quan tri nguon nhan luc doanh nghiep Buu chfnh Vi6n thong, Nha xuat ban Buu dien, nam 2002 31 GS.TS DO Hoang Toan, Giao trinh Ly thuyet nhan dang ung dung quan ly, Nha xua't ban Khoa Hoc va Ky thuat, 2004 32 TS Nguyen Huu Than, Quan tri nhan su, Nha xuat ban thong ke, 2004 33 PGS.TS Ho SI Quy, Con ngudi va phat trien ngudi quan niem cua C.Mac va Ph.Angghen, Nha xuat ban chfnh tri quoc gia, 2003 34 Quyet dinh so 221/2005/QD-TTg 09/09/2005 cua Thu tudng Chfnh phu ve viec phe duyet: Chuong trinh quoc gia phat trien nhan luc den nam 2020 35 Quy hoach dao dao va phat trien nguon nhan luc Tong cong ty Buu chfnh Vien thong Viet Nam, nam 2000 36 Ly VI, 400 quy tac quan ly ngudi va viec, Nha xuat ban tre, 2004 TAI LI$U THAM KHAO TAI MOT SO TRANG WEB TRfiN MANG INTERNET: Bo Buu chfnh vien thong: http://www.mpt,gov.vn/ Bao Buu dien Viet Nam: http://www.vnpost.mpt.gov.vn/ Cong dong vien thong Chau http://www.aptsec.org/index.html/ A Thai Binh Duong: - 121 - Chinh phu nudc Cong hoa xa hoi chu nghia Viet Nam: http://chinhphu.vn/ Hiep hoi Buu chfnh chau a thai binh duong: http://www.appu-bureau.org/ Lien minh vidn thong qudc te: http://www.itu.int/home/index.html/ Lien minh Buu chinh the gidi: http://www.upu.int/ Tong Cong ty Buu chinh vidn thong: http://www.vnpt,com.vn/ Trung tarn internet Viet Nam - VNNIC: http://www.vnnic.net,vn/ 10 Trang thong tin tinh Ninh Binh: http://www.ninhbinh.gov.vn/ 11 Tap chi Buu chinh vidn thong va Cong nghe thong tin: http://www.vnpt.com.vn/tapchibcvt/ MOT SO TAI LI$U BANG TIENG ANH ONE MORE DOCUMENTS ENGLISH Kwon, H.Y (1997), “Korean Economic Developmen and Prospects”, Asean-Pacific Economic Literature, Vol.l 1, No 2, November, pp 15-40 Paul Morris (1996),: “Asia’s Four Little Tigers: a comparison d the role of education in their development”, Comparative Education, Vol, 32, No Second European Report on SXT Indicators 1997: Appendix - European Commission, 1997 Trannatoras Zafiris and Geraint Johnes (1997), “Training and Skill Development in the Asean Newly Industrialized Countries: Comparisons and Lessons for Developing Countries”, Journal of vacational education and training, Vol, 49, No 3, 1997, pp, 431-454 World Development Indicators 99, The Worrld Bank, 1999 Woo Cheonisik Development of (1997), Korea: “Human New Capital challenges and and Economic new vision”, Proceedings d the international seminar on Human capilal formation and SMEs in the information society, March 1997, IDE, Tokyo E.t.c - 122 - PHU LUC 01: CO CAU LAO DONG CUA TONG CONG TY THEO LINH VUC HOAT DONG DEN 31/12/2002 Phan tich theo trinh co tinh ty le % (chi tinh lao dong co hop dong tir nam trd len) Tren dai hoc STT Linh vuc hoat dong Tong sd So hrang Tyte% (ngitii) Dai hoc & CD So/uvng (ngifcfi) Ty/e% Trung cap SotuWng (ngitfi)) 7y/e % Cdng nhan Solutfng (ngifcfi) Ty/e % Chua qua dao tao So/Wgng (ngifcfi) Ty/e % Buu chinh 36 689 63 0.18 217 17.92 427 15.65 19 677 56.72 305 9.53 Vi6n thong 32 458 111 0.34 588 26.46 259 16.2 16 853 51.92 646 5.07 Tin hoc 844 29 3.44 686 81.28 86 10.19 43 5.09 0 Nghien cuu, dao tao 426 139 9.72 953 66.85 119 8.35 158 11.08 57 Y te 360 45 12.62 95 26.5 139 38.66 72 19.87 2.35 Cong nghiep, xay lap 906 28 0.98 975 33.55 369 12.69 390 47.83 144 4.95 Thuong mai 302 1.5 135 44.74 34 11.35 110 36.47 18 5.95 72 986 420 0.58 17 651 24.18 11434 15.67 38 302 52.48 5178 7.09 Cong * Nguon: VNPT - Tong hop thong ke lao dong hang nam - 123 - PHU LUC 02: CO CAU LAO DONG CUA CAC BD TiNH THEO VUNG MIEN DEN 31/12/2002 Phan tfch theo trinh co ty le % (chi tinh lao dong co hop dong to nam tro len) Tren dai hoc STT Vung mien Dai hoc & CD Trung cap Cong nhan Chua qua DT Tong Ty le so (%) 10 235 17.21 16 0.16 547 15.11 325 22.72 558 54.30 789 7.71 286 22.33 028 52.59 173 3.00 So luong (ngudi) Ty le (%) SO luong (ngudi) Ty le (%) So luong (ngudi) Ty le (%) So luong (ngudi) Ty le (%) So luong (ngudi) Ty le (%) Mien nui va trung du b;!c bo Dong bang song Hong 759 9.68 0.11 265 21.97 Bdc trung bo 743 9.65 0.07 814 14.17 823 14.33 622 63.07 480 8.36 Duyen hai nam trung bo 172 8.69 17 0.33 188 22.97 627 12.12 222 62.29 118 2.28 Cao nguyen nam trung bo 2010 3.38 0.11 297 14.75 423 21.04 166 57.99 123 6.12 Dong nam bo 409 10.77 0.12 260 19.66 949 14.80 655 57.03 538 8.39 Dong bang song Cuu Long 481 14.62 13 0.15 793 21.14 340 15.80 548 53.63 786 9.27 TP Ha Noi 114 8.6 28 0.55 693 33.11 665 13.01 670 52.22 57 1.11 TP Ho Chi Minh 10 559 17.75 18 0.17 365 22.40 421 13.46 117 48.46 637 15.5 59 482 100 > 113 0.17 12 222 •» 20.55 860 16.58 32 586 54.78 701 7.90 Tong cong * Nguon: VNPT- Tong hop thong ke lao dong hang nam - 124- PHU LUC 03: HIEN TRANG CO CAU LAO DONG QUAN LY CUA TONG CONG TY BCVT VIEI NAM DEN 31/12/2002 Tren dai hoc Ten don vi STT Tong so Dai hoc & CD Trung cap Cdng nhan So luong Ty le % So luong Ty le % So luong Ty le % So luong 11313 236 2.09% 7043 62.26% 308 20.40% 1531 10 081 146 1.45% 163 61.13% 127 21.10% - Khdi hach toan ddc lap 890 48 5.39% 647 72.70% 147 - Khdi su nghifip 342 42 12.28% 253 73.98% 34 Tong sd lao dong quan ly toan Tong cdng ty Chua qua DT Sd luong Ty le % 13.53% 175 1.55% 471 14.59% 174 1.73% 16.52% 47 5.28% 0.11% 9.94% 13 3.80% 0.00% Ty le % Trong do: - Khoi hach toan phu thudc * Nguon: VNPT - Tong hop tit thong ke lao dong hang nam -125 PHU LUC 4: BANG QUY DOI DIEM VA MIC DO HOAN THANH RA HE SO Nhom cong viec Gom cac churc danh, viec lam * Nhom chuyen gia cao cap: Giam doc, Pho Giam do'c Biru di6n tinh; Chu tich cong doan, Ke toan Biru dien tinh * Nhom chuyen gia chinh: Trudng, phong chuyen mdn nghidp vu; Giam dd'c, Pho Giam doc Cdng ty, Trung tam; Trudng Buu dien huyen, thi xa; Chuyen vien chinh; Ky su hang dau Buu chinh - Vien thong - Cong nghe thong tin Quan ly Buu dien * Nhom chuyen gia: Trudng, phong hanh chinh quan tri; Pho Buu dien huyen, thi xa; Can bo cdng nhan co trinh dai hoc, cao dang duqc xe'p luong ky su * Nhom ky thuat vien: Can bo cdng nhan co trinh dd trung cap chuydn nghiep trd ldn cha duoc xe'p luong ky su * Nhom ky cdng nhan: Can bo cdng nhan co trinh so cap chuyen nghiep * Nhom ky nhan vien: Can bo cdng nhan chua qua dao tao; Thu quy; Tap vu; bao ve co quan Diem Bae He sd phurc tap theo hieu qua cdng viec Mure Mure Mure Mure 95,5-100 7,48 7,63 7,93 8,28 91,5-95 6,88 7,03 7,33 7,68 85,5-91 6,28 6,43 6,73 7,08 79,5-85 5,68 5,83 6,13 6,48 72,5-79 5,08 5,53 5,88 66-72 4,48 5,23 4,63 4,93 5,28 71,5-75,5 4,90 5,20 5,50 5,85 68,5-71 4,55 4,85 5,15 5,50 65,5-68 4,21 4,51 4,81 5,16 62,5-65 3,86 4,16 4,46 4,81 58,5-62 3,53 4,13 4,48 55-58 3,17 3,83 3,47 3,77 4,12 63,5-68 3,52 3,82 4,12 4,47 59,5-63 3,31 3,61 3,91 4,26 55,5-59 3,10 3,40 3,70 4,05 51,5-55 2,89 3,19 3,49 3,84 47-61 44,5-47 2,68 2,45 2,98 2,75 3,28 3,05 3,63 3,40 50,5-57 2,71 3,01 3,31 3,66 46,5-50 2,51 2,81 3,11 3,46 41,5-46 2,31 2,61 2,91 3,26 36,5-41 2,11 2,41 2,71 3,06 31,5-36 1,91 2,21 2,51 2,86 26,5-31 1,71 2,31 2,66 38,5-44,5 2,55 3,15 3,50 34,5-38 30,5-34 26,5-30 22,5-26 18-22 2,30 2,05 1,80 1,56 1,30 2,90 2,65 2,40 2,16 1,90 3,25 3,00 2,75 2,51 2,25 22,5-24,5 20,5-22 18,5-20 17-18 16-16,5 1,55 1,37 1,20 1,03 0,87 2,15 1,97 1,80 1,63 1,47 2,50 2,32 2,15 1,98 1,82 15-15,5 0,70 2,01 2,85 2,60 2,35 2,10 1,86 1,60 1,85 1,67 1,50 1,33 1,17 1,00 1,30 1,65