THÔNG TIN TÀI LIỆU
TRUfdNG DAI HOC KINH Tti QU(5c DAN oaihqcktqd TT; TIN THUviFN LUAN AN TU UEH BUI VAN DAU PHAT TRIEN KINH TE NONG THON TRONG QUA TRINH XAY DUNG NONG THON MUI U HUYEN LUUNG SUN, TINH HOA BINH CHUYfiN NGANH: KINH rf CHINH TRI LUAN VAN THAC SY KINH TE • • tm 5%gg Ngwcri hircrng dan khoa hoc’ PGS.TS DANG VAN THANG HA NOI - 2011 MUC LUC • • >ANH MUC CAC CHU VIET TAT lANH MUC BANG BlEU, SO DO OM TAT LUAN VAN id DAU HUONG I: nhUng van de ly LU A THUC • n va kinh NGHIEM • • TIEN VE PHAT TRIEN KINH TE NONG THON TRONG QUA TRINH XAY DlTNG NONG THON MCH Nhung van de ly luan chung ve Kinh te nong thon 1.1 Nong thon, Kinh te nong thon 1.2 Vai tro cua kinh te nong thon doi vdi sir phat trien kinh te- xa hoi d r r •> r nong thon 11 Noi dung co1 ban va nhung nhan to anh huong chu yeu den phat trien kinh te nong thon qua trinh xay dung nong thon moi 15 2.1 Xay dung nong thon mcri va cac tieu chi danh gia nong thdn mod 15 2.2 Noi dung co ban phat trien kinh te nong thon qua trinh xay dung nong thon mod 18 2.3 Nhirng nhan to chu yeu anh huong den phat trien kinh te nong thon o nuoc ta 24 r r Kinh nghiem cua mot so nude va mot so dia phuong qua trinh phat trien kinh te nong thon 27 3.1 Kinh nghiem quoc te : 27 3.2 Kinh nghiem cua huyen Gia Lam ( Ha Noi) va huyen Tu Ky ( Hai Duong) phat trien kinh te nong thon 33 3.3 Nhung bai hoc kinh nghiem co the ap dung 37 3HUONG II: THUC TRANG PHAT TRIEN KINH TE NONG THON O HUYEN LlTONG SON, TINH HOA BINH TRONG QUA TRINH XAY DUNG NONG THON MCH 41 LI Khai quat vi tri dia ly, dieu kien tu- nhien, dan so cua huyenLuong Son 41 1.1.1 Vi tri dia ly va dieu kien tu nhien .41 LI.2 Ve tai nguyen 42 1.1.3 Dae diem dan so, lao dong 42 1.2 Thye trang kinh te nong thon d huyen LuongSon, tinh Hoa Binh 43 MUC • LUC • DANH MUC CAC CHU VIET TAT DANH MUC BANG BIEU, SO DO TOM TAT LUAN VAN M0 DAU CHUONG I: NHUNG VAN DE LY LUAN VA KINH NGHIEM THUC TIEN VE PHAT TRIEN KINH TE NONG THON TRONG QUA TRINH XAY DUNG NONG THON MOI 1.1 Nhung van de ly luan chung ve Kinh te nong thon 1.1.1 Nong thon, Kinh te nong thon 1.1.2 Vai tro cua kinh te nong thon doi voi su phat trien kinh te- xa hoi o nong thon 11 1.2 Noi dung co’ ban va nhung nhan to anh huong chu yeu den phat trien kinh te nong thon qua trinh xay dung nong thon moi 15 1.2.1 Xay dung nong thon moi va cac tieu chi darhi gia nong th on moi 15 1.2.2 Noi dung co ban phat trien kinh te nong thon qua trinh xay dung nong thon moi 18 r 1.2.3 r r •> r Nhung nhan to chu yeu anh huong den phat trien kinh te nong thon o nuoc ta 24 1.3 Kinh nghiem cua mot so nuoc va mot so dia phuong qua trinh phat trien kinh te nong thon 27 3.1 Kinh nghiem quoc te : 27 1.3.2 Kinh nghiem cua huyen Gia Lam ( Ha Noi) va huyen Tu Ky ( Hai Duong) phat trien kinh te nong thon 333 1.3.3 Nhung bai hoc kinh nghiem co the ap dung 37 CHUONG II: THUC TRANG PHAT TRIEN KINH TE NONG THON HUYEN LUONG SON, TiNH HOA BINH TRONG QUA TRINH XAY DUNG NONG THON MOI 41 2.1 Khai quat vi tri dia ly, dieu kien tu nhien, dan socua huyen Luong Son 41 2.1.1 Vi tri dia ly va dieu kien tu nhien 41 1.2 Ve tai nguyen 42 2.1.3 Dac diem dan so, lao dong 42 2.2 Thirc trang kinh te n6ng thon cr huyen Luo*ng Sonii tinh Hoa Binh .43 2.2.1 Thue hien chinh sach phat trien kinh te nong thon cua tinh Hoa Binh 43 2.2.2 Danh gia thuc trang phat trien kinh te nong thon d huyen Luong Son 54 CHlTONG III: PHUONG HUONG VA CAC GIAI PHAP THUC DAY PHAT TRIEN KINH TE NONG THON TRONG QUA TRINH XAY DUNG NONG THON MCH O HUYEN LUONG SON, TiNH HOA BINH - GIAI DOAN 2011-2020 72 3.1 Boi canh KT-XH anh hirong den sy phat trien kinh te nong thon ff huyen Luong Son 72 3.2 Phuong huong phat trien kinh te nong thon qua trinh xay dung nong thon moi d huyen Luong Son tinh Hoa Binh giai doan 2011 2020 74 3.2.1 Dinh hudng chung ve phat trien kinh te nong thon: 74 3.2.2 Phuong huong phat trien kinh te nong thon d huyen Luong Son thdi gian tod 77 3.2.3 Nhung yeu cau dat doi vdi phat trien kinh te nong thon d huyen Luong Son nhung nam tod 79 3.3 Nhung giai phap chu yeu nham phat trien manh kinh te nong thon qua trinh xay dung nong thon moi d huyen Luong Son, giai doan 2011-2020 85 3.3.1 Giai phap ve Quy hoach lai nong thon 85 3.3.2 Cac giai phap ve day manh chuyen dich co cau kinh te, md mang nganh a 7 r r nghe, phat trien cong nghiep, dich vu d nong thon 86 A 3.3.3 r A Giai phap ve dao tao, nang cao chat luemg nguon nhan luc Day manh viec ap dung khoa hoc cong nghe, cac tien bo ky thuat vao phat trien kinh te nong nghiep, nong thon .90 3.3.4 Cac giai phap ve von va thi trudng 91 3.3.5 Cac giai phap cung co quan he san xuat, cac hinh thuc to chuc san xuat, phu hop, co hieu qua d nong thon 93 3.3.6 Giai phap ve quan ly, co che chinh sach ho trq cua nha nude 95 3.3.7 Cac giai phap ve phat trien, nang cao chat luong moi trudng nong thon 96 3.3.8 Cac giai phap xay dung ddi song van hoa phong phu, lanh manh d nong thon 97 KET LU AN 98 TAI LIEU THAN! KHAO 100 DANH MUC CAC CHLT VIET TAT S6 TT Chfr viet tat Y nghia KTXH Kinh te - Xa hoi CNXH Chu nghia xa hoi XHCN Xa hoi chu nghia HDH Hien dai hoa CNH Cong nghiep hoa NTM Nong thon mdi CCKT Co cau kinh te CCLD Co cau lao dong CSHT Co so tang 10 XDGN Xoa doi giam ngheo 11 CN Cong nghiep 12 TTCN Tieu thu cong nghiep 13 HTX Hop tac xa 14 TM-DV Thuong mai - Dich vu 15 TW Trung uong 16 THCS Trung hoc co so 17 BHYT Bao hiem y te 18 NSNN Ngan sach nha nude 19 HU Huyen uy 20 UBND Uy ban nhan dan DANH MUC BANG BIEU, SO DO Bang 2.1 TINH HINH KINH TE TRANG TRAI TINH HOA BINH NAM 2010 49 Bang 2.2 TINH HINH DICH CHUYEN CO CAU KINH TE NONG NGHIEP TINH HOA BINH THdl KY 1996-2010 52 Bang 2.3 CO CAU GIA TRI SAN XUAT NONG LAM NGHIEP, THUY SAN TINH HOA BINH THOl KY 1996 - 2010 53 Bang 2.4 MOT SO CHi TIEU KINH TE CO BAN CUA HUYEN LUONG SON VA MOT SO DIA PHUONG NAM 2010 55 Bang 2.5 TANG TRUING GTSX, GTGT CUA CAC NGANH TREN DIA BAN HUYEN LUONG SON 55 BANG 2.6 CO CAU GTSX THEO NGANH TAI HUYEN LUONG SON GIAI DOAN 2005 - 2010 56 BANG 2.7 CO CAU GIA TRI SAN XUAT NGANH NONG NGHIEP HUYEN LUONG SON, GIAI DOAN 2000 - 2010 57 BANG 2.8 GIA TRI SAN XUAT CONG NGHIEP - XAY DUNG HUYEN LUONG SON CAC NAM 2005-2010 59 BANG 2.9 GIA TRI SAN XUAT NGANH TM-DV HUYEN LUONG SON QUA CAC NAM 2005-2010 60 BANG 2.10 HIEN TRANG GIAO THONG NONG THON HUYEN LUONG SON NAM 2010 61 BANG 2.12 HIEN TRANG THUY LOI TREN DIA BAN HUYEN LUONG SON NAM 2010 62 BANG 3.1 CO CAU KINH TE HUYEN LUONG SON GIAI DOAN 2010 - 2020 86 BANG 3.2 CO CAU GIA TRI SAN XUAT NGANH NONG NGHIEP DEN NAM 2020 88 u =3 TRUING DAI HOC KINH Tfi Qu6c DAN - £□ 9 quan ly bdi cap hanh chinh co sd la Uy ban nhan dan xa Kinh te ndng thon: Kinh te ndng thon la mot phuc hop nhung nhan to cau luc luong san xuat va quan he san xuat ndng, lam, ngu nghiep, cung vdi cac nganh tieu thu cong nghiep truyen thong, cac nganh tieu- thu cong nghiep che bien va phuc vu ndng nghiep, cac nganh thuong nghiep va dich vu , tat ca cd quan he huu co vdi kinh te vung, lanh tho va toan bo nen kinh te quoc dan nghiep hoa, hien dai hoa ndng nghiep, ndng thon Day la mot nhung noi dung quan va quyet dinh den su cong cua chuong trinh xay dung ndng thon mdi Phat trien kinh te ndng thon cd vai tro: True tiep tang thu nhap cho cu dan iii Phat trien kinh te nong thon se thuc day chuyen dich co cau kinh te theo huong tien bo, thuc hien su phan cong iao dong xa hoi tai cho; Tai co so vat chat cho phat trien van hoa o nong thon, xay dung nong thon moi; Phat trien kinh te nong thon tao tich luy va nhung dieu kien can thiet cho qua trinh xay dung nong thon moi va qua trinh CNH-HDH dat nuoc dung co ban va nhung nhan to anh huong chu yeu den phat trien kinh Noi 1.2 te nong thon qua trinh xay dung nong thon moi Nong thon moi: la tong the nhung dac diem, cau truc tao mot kieu to chuc nong thon theo tieu chi' moi, dap ung cac yeu cau moi dat cho nong thon dieu kien hien nay, la kieu nong thon so voi mo hinh nong thon cu (truyen thong) o tinh tien tien ve moi mat Cac tieu chi danh gia ve nong thon moi: Tren co so bo tieu chi quoc gia, dinh huong nong thon moi phai dat tieu chi chung va theo cac vung mien voi cac nhom sau: nhom ve quy hoach;nhom tang kinh te - xa hoi;nhom ve kinh te va to chuc san xuat; nhom ve van hoa-xa hoi-moi trudng; nhom he thong to chuc chinh tri Noi dung co ban cua phat trien kinh te nong thon qua trinh xay dung nong thon moi la: Phat trien ket cau tang kinh te-xa hoi dap ung yeu cau phat trien o nong thon va xay dung nong thon moi; Chuyen dich co cau, phat trien r r •> r r kinh te nong thdn ; Ap dung tien bo khoa hoc- ky thuat phat trien kinh te nong thon, dua nong nghiep tro nen san xuat hang hoa co hieu qua kinh te cao; Phat trien cac hinh thuc to chuc san xuat, thuc day lien ket kinh te doi voi cac nganh,- cac loai hinh kinh te o nong thon Phat trien kinh te nong thon co cac yeu to anh huong la: Nhom cac r x x x r r x nhan to ve dieu kien tu nhien nhu: Dieu kien dat dai, hau, thoi tiet, nguon nuoc, r r r \ r e rung va cac yeu to sinh hoc khac ; Nhom cac nhan to ve kinh te- xa hoi nhu: thi truong, he thong cac chinh sach vi mo cua nha nuoc, toc phat trien cac khu thi, khu cong nghiep, so luqng cung nhu chat luqng dan so va lao dong 89 Nganh Cong nghiep , TTCN va xay dyng: Tap trung dau tu thuc hien cac du an phat trien cong nghiep san xuat xi mang, chuyen doi cong nghe san xuat va di chuyen nha may den dia diem phu hop Giai phong mat bang, dau tu xay dung tang cac khu cong nghiep,thu hut cac nha dau tu nham nhanh chong lap day dien tich cua cac khu cong nghiep da duoc quy hoach Phat trien cong nghiep - xay dung nganh kinh te chu luc cua huyen, khai thac toi da the manh cua huyen, dua cong nghiep tro the manh cua huyen Trong phat trien cong nghiep che bien cac san pham nong, lam nghiep Doi voi cac co so che bien, tan dung cac nguon nguyen lieu nong san san co o dia phuong nhu xay xat gao phat trien duoi dang cac co so san xuat tieu thu cong nghiep, cac co so san xuat co quy mo ho gia dinh nam xen ke tren dia ban dan cu nong thon Cac co so che bien nong san khac nhu thuc an gia suc, giet mo gia suc, kho bao quan dong lanh nen san xuat tap trung de co hieu qua nhb quy mo, nham dap ung viec phat trien chan nuoi vung va ca nhung vung lan can Cac co so san xuat duoc bo tri cong nghiep Nhuan Trach hoac cum cong nghiep Cao Thang Doi voi cong nghiep che bien lam san: voi dac thu huyen co dien tich dat lam nghiep lon, viec phat trien nhanh cong nghiep che bien lam san se gop phan chuyen doi co cau kinh te nong thon Doi voi nganh nay, huyen tap trung uu tien phat trien cac linh vuc san xuat co kha nang xuat khau lon, co gia tri cao, co thi trubng nuoc on dinh nhu san pham go, noi that Phat trien nganh dich vu: Xuc tien xay dung cac cho va trung tam thuong mai, nhanh chong cai thien bo mat he thong thuong mai huyen Xuc tien cong tac quang ba tiem nam du lich va co chinh sach uu dai cac doanh nghiep dau tu khai thac tiem nang du lich cua huyen Tap trung chu phat trien nang cao cac khu du lich dich tren dia ban huyen Phat trien da dang cac hinh thuc du lich nhu du lich sinh thai ket hop du lich van hoa dan toc Mubng, du lich danh thang ket hop voi du lich the thao (leo nui, dua xe dap, danh golf ) Phat trien cac san pham du lich cao cap, thu hut khach du lich quoc te va noi dia co thu nhap cao bao gom sinh thai nghi duong ket hop voi du lich van hoa dan toc Mubng Ben canh do, san pham du lich binh dan se tap trung cac diem du lich sinh thai o khu vuc thi tran Luong Son, khu 90 du lich sinh thai ho Dong Chanh (xa Nhuan Trach) ket hop vdi du lich the thao leo nui vua Ba khu vuc xa Hoa Son, ket hop vdi du lich van hoa tai van hoa Viet Mudng xa Tan Vinh Ngoai ra, phat trien, xay dung cho dau mdi ndng san vdi dien tich khoang 10.000 m2 tai khu vuc canh dong xom Md - Thi tran Luong Son Cung cap cho cac co sd san xuat, dong thdi la dau mdi tap trung hang hoa duoc san xuat huyen 3.3.3 Giai phap ve dao tao, nang cao chat Iirong nguon nhan lire Day manh viec r ap dung khoa hoc cdng nghe, cac tien bo ky thuat vao phat trien kinh te ndng a nghiep, ndng thdn Day manh cac hoat dong day nghe, nang cao sd luong va chat luong lao dong ca cap trinh do: Cao dang nghe, trung cap nghe, so cap nghe va dao tao ngan han, gan vdi yeu cau chuyen dich CCKT, co cau lao dong Tiep tuc de cac chinh sach thu hut nhan tai, thu hut sinh vien cua huyen hoc tai cac trudng dai hoc, cao dang sau trudng quay trd ve phuc vu cho viec phat trien kinh te cua huyen To chuc dinh ky cac ldp tap huan nham trang bi nhung kien thuc can thiet cho nhan dan ve phat trien kinh te ndng nghiep, ndng thdn, xay dung ndng thdn mdi Phong Ndng nghiep & PTNT huyen phoi hop vdi Hoi ndng dan, Hoi phu nu thudng xuyen md cac ldp chuyen giao khoa hoc cdng nghe, trao ddi kinh nghiem ve trot, chan nuoi cho ngudi ndng dan Tang cudng nang cao chat luong giao due mam non den trung hoc thdng, ben canh can da dang cac hinh thuc dao tao nghe, cac nghe dao tao cho ngudi dan cd nhieu lua chon hon Giam ty le lao dong nhan roi d ndng thdn tren dia ban, chu truong phat trien cac nganh nghe tieu thu cdng nghiep truyen thdng cua huyen bao gom theu, dan lat, det tham, lam chieu, dong gach ba vanh Ben canh viec dao tao trinh ve kien thuc, trinh ky nang cho ngudi lao dong, can giao due cho ngudi lao dong cd tac phong lao dong cdng nghiep, cd y thuc trach nhiem cao ddi vdi cdng viec va ddi vdi doanh nghiep, cd tinh than chiu kho, vuot moi kho khan de vuon len lam giau cho ban than, gia dinh va xa hoi 91 Can tap trung dau tu cao hon nua cho khoa hoc-cong nghe, ap dung cac tien bo ky thuat vao san xuat, dong thai huy dong toi da su tham gia cua cac phan kinh te, cac to chuc khac vao nghien cuu vao chuyen giao khoa hoc cong nghe nong nghiep, nong thon Co chinh sach de thu hut cac nha khoa hoc d cac truong Dai hoc d thu Ha Noi, cac nha tri thuc, can bo khoa hoc - ky thuat ve de dau tu nghien cuu, xay dung cac vien, cac chi nhanh cac vien nghien cuu tren dia ban huyen Tap trung cao thuc hien chuong trinh chuyen doi he thong giong cay trong, vat nuoi, bao gom ca giong cay lam nghiep de nham nang cao chat luong, hieu qua va kha nang canh tranh cua nong lam san cua huyen Manh dan dau tu kinh phi cho su nghiep khoa hoc -cong nghe cua huyen, cung cd, kien toan Hoi dong khoa hoc-cong nghe cua huyen, bo tri ngudi thuc su ed trinh do, nang luc lam cong tac quan ly nha nudc ve khoa hoc cong nghe, cd ca che khuyen khich, tao dieu kien cho cac phan kinh te, cac td chuc, ca nhan tham gia nghien cuu ung dung cac tien bo mdi vao san xuat Manh dan cho vay ung trudc va mua lai cac san pham khoa hoc cong nghe ddi vdi td chuc, ca nhan dang ky, chuyen giao ung dung de tai khoa hoc cong nghe; ho tro mot phan kinh phi cho cac trang trai, HTX, doanh nghiep, ho tu nhan ung dung ky thuat cong nghe mdi lan dau vao san xuat Tren ca sd hoi nhap tang cudng thu hut, ung dung cac cong nghe tien bo nudc va nudc ngoai nhat la cac loai giong, may moc, thiet bi va cac cong nghe phuc vu san xuat va che bien hien dai ve dia phuong Tang cudng he thdng khuyen ndng, khuyen lam, khuyen cong tren dia ban cac xa Dao tao, nang cao kien thuc cho ndng dan va dan cu song d ndng thdn 3.3.4 Cac giai phap ve von va thi trirong Cac giai phap ve von: Huyen can tao dieu kien thuan lai ve gia thue dat va chinh sach su dung dat dai, giai phong mat bang, cung cap dich vu co sd tang, cai each thu tuc hanh chinh cho cac nha dau tu vao huyen Tang cudng cac hoat dong xuc tien dau tu 92 giai thieu cac dia phuong khac ve tiem nang, the manh cua huyen Xay dung cac du an co can cu, tinh kha thi cao de tranh thu cac nguon von qua cac cong trinh cua Nha nuoc, tinh va cac nha dau tu quoc te Co chinh sach thich hop de thu hut von tir cac doanh nghiep va dan cu, coi r yr r day la nguon von co y nghia quyet dinh, lau dai va chiem ty cang cao cho thuc hien quy hoach phat trien kinh te xa hoi huyen Mot so giai phap de nang cao kha nang huy dong nguon von la: thuc hien nghiem tuc va bien rong rai Luat Doanh nghiep, Luat dau tu, khuyen khich tu nhan xay dung doanh nghiep vira va nho tai cac khu, cum cong nghiep cua huyen Md rong mang ludi cac to chuc tai chinh, cung vdi he thong ngan hang huy dong von nhan roi dan de da dang hda cac hinh thuc huy dong von Thuc hien xa hoi hda, khuyen khich dan tham gia cac hoat dong phat trien ca sd tang theo hinh thuc “nha nude va nhan dan cung lam” Tao ngudn von de trien khai quy hoach giao thdng tren dia ban huyen trien khai xay dung cac tuyen true giao thdng chinh nhu de xuat, ngudn von tu ngan uu tien ngudn von cho trien khai xay dung dudng giao thdng Thuc hien chinh sach Nha nude va nhan dan cung lam, dong gop tien theo ty le quy dinh de xay dung ngo, cap, thoat nude, dien chieu sang noi bo khu dan cu Tang tinh chu dong tu cac khu dan cu, thdn, xa giai phong mat bang Tranh thu su hd trq cua trung uong va tinh, van dung cac chu truong, chinh sach cua Dang va Nha nude de trien khai xay dung cac du an cd quy md ldn, giai r quyet nhung van de kinh te - xa hoi huyen r \ r Day nhanh toe xay dung cac trudng hoc tren dia ban huyen can phai xa hoi hda cac ngudn von tir: von ngan sach va von ngoai ngan sach Cac gidi phap ve thi truong: Xay dung cho dau mdi ndng san cua cac vung san xuat cac loai cay trong, vat nuoi hang hda tap trung de td chuc thu mua ndng - lam san tao dieu kien cho cac ho gia dinh phat trien san xuat on dinh 93 Xay dung cac kenh thi truang nudc va xuat khau thong qua cac phuong thuc hoi chq, tiep thi, quang cao, xuc tien thuong mai, lien doanh va hop dong cung cap nguyen lieu Co chinh sach khuyen khich va tao moi trudng thuan lqi cho moi phan r r i t ' kinh te tham gia tim kiem thi trudng, gidi thieu san pham va tham gia vao viec xuat khau nong san Thuc hien viec gan ket giua cac co sd che bien nong san, cac doanh nghiep Nha nudc vdi cac ho nong dan viec xay dung vung nguyen lieu va tieu thu san pham De thiet lap ve su canh tranh ve nong san hang hoa, can tung budc dau tu, phuc trang cac giong cay vat nuoi quy cua dia phuong va tien hanh xay dung chi dan dia ly, thuong hieu cho san pham 3.3.5 Cac giai phap cung co quan he san xuat, cac hinh thirc to chirc san xuat, phu hop, co hieu qua d nong thon Doi vdi nong thon, nhat la nong thon Mien nui de phat trien san xuat nong nghiep trd nganh san xuat hang hoa can manh dan dau tu cho phat trien kinh te trang trai, tren co sd quy hoach, ke hoach su dung dat cac xa quy hoach cho vung nong nghiep, nuoi thuy san tap trung, hay cac cay an qua, lam nghiep de phat trien trang trai Ap dung cac chinh sach thue dat nhu dat gianh cho cong nghiep, nha nudc ho trq mot phan kinh phi den bu dat dai, ho trq quy hoach tang co ban nhu: dudng giao thong, dien, he thong cap nudc, xu ly rac thai , ho trq kinh phi dao tao cho cac chu trang trai va hO trq phdng chong dich benh Doi vdi cac to hop tac va cac HTX: tang cudng cong tac thong tin tuyen truyen, nang cao nhan thuc ve chu truong, chinh sach cua dang va nha nudc doi vdi HTX va kinh te tap the nong nghiep, nong thon Td chuc cac hinh thuc san xuat phu hqp vdi trinh ngudi dan, tren co sd nguyen tac tu nguyen Viec lap cac HTX, cac td hqp tac khong phu thuoc vao dia gidi hanh chinh; muc tieu kinh doanh; quy mo gop von; co che quan ly, can bo dieu hanh , tap the xa vien quyet dinh, co quan chuyen mon cua nha nudc chi tu van tren co sd luat phap 94 Giai quyet tot van de sd htru HTX doi vdi tai san co dinh HTX sur dung vao kinh doanh: Dudng dien, kenh muong, nha xudng, tru sd , phan dinh ro tai san co quan quan ly nha nudc cho thue, pham vi quyen han cua HTX viec tu sua, nang cap tai san thue; quyen dinh doat cua HTX ddi vdi cac tai san hinh tir nguon von cua HTX de nang cao trach nhiem sir dung von, quy cd hieu qua, khong de tinh trang thieu minh bach Can co chinh sach ho tro HTX, to hop tac: mien thue thu nhap, doanh thu cho cac HTX , td hop tac san xuat ndng, lam, ngu nghiep; mien tien thue dat doi vdi dat xay dung tru sd; cd chinh sach uu tien cac td hop tac, cac HTX tham gia chuong trinh muc tieu quoc gia ve xoa ddi, giam ngheo, chuyen giao tien bo khoa hoc ky thuat, xay dung mo hinh khuyen ndng, khuyen lam, khuyen ngu Ho tro dao tao cho can bo HTX, td hop tac ( it nhat 50%), ddi mdi mo hinh hoc tap, coi mo hinh thuc te, kien thuc thi trudng va xay dung ndng thdn mdi Ddi vdi cac ndng, lam trudng tren dia ban huyen, tien hanh chuyen ddi mo hinh san xuat, tien hanh soat dat dai, cd the tien hanh giai the giao lai dat cho dia phuong quan ly su dung, lao dong va tai san xu ly theo cac chinh sach hien hanh De cac loai hinh td chuc san xuat tren dia ban huyen cd su ho tro, tao dieu kien cung phat trien nham su dung cd hieu qua nguon tai nguyen cua huyen, cac hinh thuc td chuc san xuat tren dia ban can cd su lien doanh, lien ket vdi san xuat kinh doanh Ddi vdi cac ho ndng quy mo nhd va cac trang trai lien ket HTX, lien hiep HTX Mo hinh tao tinh canh tranh cao nhd viec ndng dan lien ket de td chuc tiep can thi trudng, giup ndng dan duoc hudng nhieu sir phan chia gia tri gia tang hon, tao nhieu viec lam tir nganh hang (tang qui mo theo chieu doc) Mo hinh vai tro ho tro cua nha nudc quan trong, cac HTX tro noi nha nudc ho tro ndng dan Ddi vdi dia ban huyen Luong Son tiep giap thu Ha Noi, phu hop hon la xay dung mo hinh trang trai ndng nghiep-sinh thai: Qui hoach mang ludi cac trang trai de lam cau noi ndng thdn - thi Nhung mo hinh chinh la cac mo hinh chuyen giao cho ndng dan tiep giap thi, ndng dan vira san xuat vira lam dich vu 95 Den thai ky phat trien cac trang trai lien ket chat che vdi cac doanh nghiep, day se la md hinh mang tinh canh tranh hieu qua nen ndng nghiep hang hda, chu yeu ap dung vdi cac trang trai ldn, hien dai va chuyen canh 3.3.6 Giai phap ve quan ly, co1 che chinh sach ho tra cua nha nude Nang cao nang luc, hieu qua quan ly va td chuc thuc hien cua cac cap chinh quyen tren dia ban huyen Cac ca quan, td chuc va doi ngu can bo chinh quyen cac cap can quan triet day du va nghiem tuc cac chu truong, chinh sach cua Dang, phap luat cua nha nude Cap huyen manh dan de xuat, kien nghi vdi cap tinh, trung uong hoan thien cac co che, chinh sach, cac quy dinh phap ly tao dieu kien dua chinh sach cua dang, nha nude di vao cuoc song xa hoi Doi ngu can bo chinh quyen cac cap tren co sd cac chu truong chinh sach cap tren, phai cu the hda vao dieu kien cu the cua dia phuong, don vi minh nham thuc hien co hieu qua cac chu truong , chinh sach cua nha nude Dong thdi khong ngung nang cao nang luc chuyen mong nghiep vu, trinh chinh tri dap ung yeu cau thuc tien de De nghi Trung uong va tinh can phan cap manh me cho huyen, phan cap manh cho huyen tu chu thu, chi ngan sach, quyen quan ly dat dai, cung nhu tao su chu dong cao ddi vdi chinh quyen, doanh nghiep va nhan dan tat ca cac hoat dong kinh te xa hoi ma khuon kho phap luat cho phep Cac nganh , cac doanh nghiep can cd su phoi hop chat che vdi cap huyen, ho tra tich cue cho kinh te, xa hoi tren dia ban huyen theo quy hoahj phat trien, dap ung nhung yeu cau phat trien kinh te ndng thdn theo hudng CNH-HDH Hoan thien he thdng phap luat ve dat dai, tai nguyen phat trien ndng nghiep va kinh te ndng thdn Tai nguyen dat la dieu kien thiet yeu, la tu lieu san xuat chu yeu de san xuat ndng nghiep, la mat bang de cac nganh kinh te thuc hien san xuat kinh doanh Hoan thien he thdng phap luat ve dat dai, quan ly tai nguyen 96 la muc tieu de lam cho dat dai va cac tai nguyen khac duoc su dung hieu qua, tiet kiem va ben vung, cong bang hon Tren co so tung loai dat cu the co cac giai phap quan ly , su dung phu hop Cung vdi cac chinh sach, phap luat ve dat dai, can hoan thien ve he thong A A r e chinh sach dong bo ve phat trien ndng nghiep: he thdng quan ly va bao ve tai nguyen dat dai, tai nguyen nudc, cac giong cay vat nuoi, cac nguon tai nguyen khac su dung san xuat ndng, lam nghiep Ddi ndi cac chinh sach mang tinh tich cue doi vdi ndng thdn: khuyen khich phat trien trang trai, don dien doi thua, tich tu ruong dat De phat trien san xuat hang hoa, phat trien ndng nghiep hien dai phai co quy md dien tich ldn Cac chimnhs sach dau tu co sd tang phuc vu ndng nghiep, ndng thdn; chinh sachdoi dat lay cdng trinh; chinh sach nha nudc va nhan dan cung lam Va tang cudng ho tro cua nha nudc ve dao tao nhan luc, ve vdn, ho tro khoa hoc cdng nghe, dinh hudng thi trudng 3.3.7 Cac giai phap ve phat trien, nang cao chat liroug mdi trudng ndng thdn Tuyen truyen sau rong nhan dan y thuc ve van de bao ve mdi trudng: khong vut rac bua bai, tuan thu dung quy dinh cua luat Bao ve mdi trudng; xay dung nha ve sinh hop ly; xay dung khu chuong trai chan nuoi, nhat la cac co sd chan nuoi tap trung, quy md ldn xa khu dan cu va phai dam bao dung quy trinh ky thuat, he thdng xu ly rac thai chan nuoi bang each xay ham biogas thdng qua di truyen cac xa, thi tran; dai truyen huyen Thanh lap va cung cd, nang cao hieu qua hoat dong cua cac td chuc thu gom rac thai tai cac thdn, xa Hang nam phat dong tet cay nham nang cao tinh than bao ve mdi trudng ndng thdn xanh, sach theo chuong trinh cay “ ddi ddi nho on Bae Ho” Hudng dan, chi dao san xuat ndng nghiep nham han che tdi da viec su dung thuoc bao ve thuc vat, thuoc thu y dung lieu luong nham han che tdi da viec o nhiem dat, nudc, khong khi.Khong dua cac co sd san xuat gay o nhiem mdi trudng a r a t ~ ve gan khu dan cu; xu ly nghiem cac co sd san xuat gay o nhiem mdi trudng Su dung khai thac hop ly, tiet kiem cac nguon tai nguyen, nhat la cac nguon tai nguyen khong tai tao 97 3.3.8 Cac giai phap xay dung doi song van hoa phong phu, lanh manh d nong thon r a r r r r Trong boi canh nen kinh te phat trien theo hudng hoi nhap kinh te quoc te nhu hien nay, viec gin giu ban sac van hoa dan toc khong bi mai mot, hoa tan cung qua trinh du nhap van hoa phuong Tay la viec lam cua toan Dang, toan dan ca nudc noi chung va la nhiem vu tam phat trien van hoa xa hoi cua huyen Luong Son De thuc hien dupe cac nhiem vu can thuc hien cac giai phap: Mot la, Dau tranh chdng cac tieu cue xa hoi Tang cudng cong tac phong, chong ma tuy, bao dam chat tu, an toan xa hoi.Xay dung, thi dua xay dung lang van hoa, gia dinh van hoa, loi song van hoa nhan dan; to chuc ma chay, cuoi hoi nhan dan theo hudng don gian, tiet kiem, lanh manh Hai la, Cung vdi xay dung cac thiet che phuc vu van hoa, the thao, vui choi ket hop vdi hoi hop, hoc tap cua cong dong dan cu ndng thdn, xa thi dieu quan la phai khai thac, sur dung cd hieu qua cac co sd vat chat do, phat trien cac hoat dong van hoa, van nghe, the due the thao cho thieu nien, hoi vien cac Hoi phu nu, Ndng dan, Cuu chien binh, ngudi cao tudi Ba la, Cung cd tinh lang nghTa xom cac lang xa; tang cudng hoat dong cua cac nha van hoa thdn, xom, coi day la noi luu giur nhirng truyen thdng van hoa lich su, danh giac giu nudc cua thdn, xom de giao due cho con, chau cac the he mai sau; giu din thuan phong my tuc va ban sac van hoa tot dep cua mot vung ndng thdn dam da truyen thdng van hoa dan toe qua trinh cong nghiep hoa, thi hoa hien Bon la, Thuc hien binh dang gidi, tuyen truyen cong tac ke hoach hoa gia dinh; nang cao ddi song vat chat, tinh than, boi dudng nang lire va nang cao vi the cua phu nir Tang cudng cong tac giam ngheo, tang giau bo phan nhan dan Nam la, Nang cao chat luong cham soc sure khoe ban dau cho nhan dan, benh vien da khoa huyen phoi hop vdi cac xa, thi tran td chuc kham chua benh mien phi cho ngudi dan tai cac xa, thi tran Xay dung he thdng an sinh xa hoi tot, tiep tuc thuc hien chinh sach bao hiem y te ddi vdi ngudi ngheo Dau tranh ngan chan cac tieu cure, giai quyet cac vu tranh chap tai san, dat dai nhan dan khong gay cac diem ndng; gifr vung an ninh, trat tu, an toan xa hoi huyen 98 KET LUAN • Nong nghiep, nong thon va nong dan la chu truong ldn cua Nha nude, muc tieu co ban la xay dung nen ndng nghiep phat trien toan dien, xay dung ndng thdn mdi Trong nhung noi dung cua chucmg trinh xay dung ndng thdn mdi, phat trien kinh te ndng thdn dong vai tro quan va quyet dinh den su cdng den cac noi dung khac va ket qua cua chuang trinh xay dung ndng thdn mdi d huyen Huyen Luong Son bat tay vao xay dung ndng thdn mdi tu nam 2009 Trong qua trinh thuc hien kinh te ndng thdn cua huyen da dat duqc nhung ket qua kha quan gop phan dua toe tang trudng kinh te binh quan giai doan 2006 - 2010 dat 19,7% Chuyen dich co cau kinh te tren dia ban huyen dien theo hudng tich cue, giam ty cac nganh ndng nghiep, ty nganh cdng nghiep va dich vu tang nhanh Co cau kinh te nam 2010: Ndng nghiep 38,2%, cdng nghiep - xay dung: 39,5%, thuong mai - dich vu: 22,3% Tuy nhien qua trinh phat trien kinh te ndng thdn cua huyen nhung nam qua cua huyen Luong Son cung gap nhung kho khan nhat dinh: kinh te tang trudng nhanh nhung chu yeu tang theo chieu rong, cdng nghiep- xay dung tang nhanh chu yeu la giai doan dau tu xay dung co ban, chua co nhieu san pham; khu vuc ndng thdn, cdng nghiep, dich vu phat trien chua manh, nhat la cac nganh hd trq cho ndng nghiep; co cau kinh te chuyen dich nhung chua vung chac; van de giai quyet viec lam cho ngu\di lao dong ndng thdn gap kho khan, trinh dan tri, chat luqng lao dong thap Chinh vi vay, thdi gian tdi nhiem vu xay dung ndng thdn mdi cua huyen rat nhieu viec phai lam, co nhung giai phap chinh la: Day manh phat trien kinh te d ndng thdn; Tiep tuc phat trien tang kinh te xa hoi cua huyen de tao dieu kien thuan lqi cho phat trien kinh te, cac hoat dong van hda, xa hoi khac, thu hut dau tu, day manh chuyen dich co cau kinh te huyen theo hudng giam ty ndng nghiep, tang ty cdng nghiep va dich vu; dao tao, nang cao chat 99 luong nguon nhan lire; cai tao, nang cao, phat trien chat luong moi trudng; xay dung ddi song van hoa phong phu, lanh manh cho dan cu, nang cao chat luong cac to chuc Dang va doan the chinh tri - xa hoi tren dia ban huyen Kien nghi Mot la, Huyen can sdm thuc hien quy hoach xay dung ndng thdn mdi theo cac noi dung va tieu chi dupe Chinh phu ban hanh, nhat la quy hoach dat dai, quy hoach dau tu co sd tang, dan cu ndng thdn, quy hoach phat trien cac nganh kinh te de nang cao ddi song nhan dan Hai la, tren co sd cac chinh sach phat trien kinh te ndng thdn cua nha nudc, cua tinh Hoa Binh, huyen can de cac giai phap cu the phu hop vdi dieu kien dia phuong, theo tung giai doan cd cac dieu kien vat chat cu the de thuc hien cac giai phap do, lam den dau chac den do, tranh dan trai, thieu tap trung Ba la, sdm kien toan Ban chi dao Ndng thdn mdi, de lanh dao, chi dao va td chuc thuc hien cdng chuong trinh Muc tieu quoc gia ve xay dung NTM Tien hanh phan cdng nhiem vu va trach nhiem cho cac vien Ban chi dao Xay dung ke hoach cu the, ro rang theo tung giai doan va phai can cu vao dieu kien cu the cua huyen de lam can cu cho cac dia phuong huyen thuc hien theo Bon la, tren co sd phat trien kinh te ndng thdn, xay dung ndng thdn mdi, can tien hanh tong ket, rut kinh nghiem d cac xa dupe chon uu tien tap trung lam trudc qua trinh xay dung NTM 100 TAI LIEU THAM KHAO 1- Ban Chi dao tong ket ly luan TW ( 2005) Bao cao Tong ket mot so van de Ly luan - Thuc tien qua 20 nam ddi mdi ( 1986-2006), NXB Chinh tri quoc gia 2- Ban Tu tudng -Van hoa Trung uong va bo Ndng nghiep va phat trien ndng thdn ( 2002), cong dudng cong nghiep hoa, hien dai hoa Ndng nghiep, ndng thdn Viet Nam, NXB Chinh tri Quoc gia 3- Bao cao quy hoach tong the phat trien ndng nghiep tinh Hoa Binh den nam 2020 4- Bao cao tong hop Quy hoach tong the phat trien kinh te xa hoi huyen Luong Son tinh Hoa Binh tir nam 2011 den nam 2020 5- Bo Chinh tri (2009), Van de ndng nghiep — ndng dan - ndng thdn kinh r r r • nghiem Viet Nam, kinh nghiem Trung Quoc: Nha xuat ban Chinh tn Quoc gia, Ha Noi 6- Bo chinh tri BCH TW Dang (1998) Nghi quyet sd 06- NQ/TW ve mot sd van de phat trien ndng nghiep ndng thdn, NXB chinh tri quoc gia, Ha Noi 7- Bo Ndng nghiep & PTNT (2009), Chien luac phat trien ndng nghiep, ndng thdn giai doan 2011 — 2020 r r \ 8- Bo ndng nghiep va phat trien ndng thdn ( 2001), Mot sd van de cong nghiep hoa hien dai hoa phat trien ndng nghiep va kinh te ndng thdn thdi ky 2001 - 2020, NXB Ndng nghiep, Ha Noi 9- Chu Huu Quy (1996), Phat trien toan dien kinh te xa hoi ndng thdn, ndng r r nghiep Viet Nam Nha xuat ban Chinh tri Quoc gia 10- Chu Van Lam, Nguyen Thai Nguyen, Phung Huu Phu, Tran Quoc Toan, Dang Tho Xuong (1992): Hop Tac hoa Ndng nghiep Viet Nam lich sir - van de r trien vong Nha xuat ban su that 101 11- Dang Kim Son (2001), Cong nghiep hoa tu nong nghiep, ly luan thuc tien va trien vong ap dung a Viet Nam, NXB Nong nghiep, Ha Noi 12- DoHoai Nam(2020),)l/p/ so van de cocig nghiep hoa , hien daihoa nong nghiep nong thon a Viet Nam., NXB Khoa hoc xa hoi, Ha Noi 13- GS Pham Xuan Nam (1997): Phat trien nong thon, Nha xuat ban khoa hoc xa hoi 14- GS.TS Chu Van C ap (2009) Phat triem nen nirngg Viet Itai^- thuc trang va nhung van dC dat ra, Ky yeu Hoi thao Khoa hoc quoc te, Hoc vien bao chi va tuyen truyen 15- GS.TS Tran Cnoc Hien (2020), 7TzoC cor va thcihh ^10:^ongghat triUn nCn vung a Viet Nam, Ky yeu Hoi thao Khoa hoc quoc te, Hoc vien bao chi va tuyen truyen 16- Hoang Ngoc Hda (2006), “ Tich cuc bao ve moi trudng vi muc tieu phat trien bCn vung'”, Tap chi ly luan chinh tri, trang 48 17- Nguyen Ke Tuan ( 2006), Cong nghiep hoa, hien dai hoa nong hghiep, hghg thon a Viet Nam, NXB Uhinh tri Quoc gia, Ha Noi ~ r a r \ y 18- Nguyen Minh Hang (2003), Mot so van dC vC hien dai hoa nong nghiep, NXB Xa hoi, Ha Noi 19- Ngucun niSi C uu (2023),P2aag ^0^, n6 no thth ^iVt Namthdtkyd^i mdi NXB Thong ke, Ha Noi r 20- NNhi a r > quyet Hoi nghi lann Bandiap hardi Trang ucrngghoaX ve “nong nghiep, hghg dan va hgng thgd’, 21- Nghl quyet Dai hoi Dang toan quoc lan thu XI Ban kinh te Trung uong (2005), bao cho nam thuc hien nghi quyet 15 - NQ/TW khoa IX vC day hhanh cong nghiep hoa hien dai hoa nghiep nong thon thdi ky 2001 - 2010 22- Nghi quyet dai hoi Dang bo tinh Hda BicC lan thu XV, chiem ky 2010 2015; 102 23- Nghi quyet Dai hoi Dang bo huyen Luong Son lan thu XXIV, nhiem ky 2010-2015; 24- Le Dinh Thang (2002), dinh hudng chien lucre phat trien ndng nghiep, ndng thdn nudc ta thap nien dau the ky 21, Ky yeu hoi thao khoa hoc kinh te cac truang dai hoc 25- PGS.TS Pham Thi CSn, PGS.TS Nguyen Van Ky, TS Vu Van Phuc (2002): Kinh te hap tac ndng nghiep d nudc ta hien Nha xuat ban chinh tri Quoc gia 26- PGS.TS Do Tien Sam (2008), vdn de tam ndng d Trung Quoc thuc trang va gidiphap, NXB tu dien Bach khoa 27- PGS.TS Dinh Xuan Dung ( 2005), Xay dung lang van hoa d dong bang Bac Bo thai ky cong nghiep hoa hien dai hoa, NXB Chinh tri Quoc gia 28- Quyet dinh 139/QD-TTg cua Thu tuong Chinh Phu 2/2/2010, phe duyet chuong trinh rd soat quy hoach ndng thdn mdi 29- Quyet dinh 22/QD-TTg cua Thu tuong Chinh Phu 5/1/2010 ve viec phe duyet de an “phat trien vdn hoa ndng thdn den nam 2015, dinh hudng den nam 2020” 30- Quyet dinh so 491/QD-TTg cua Thu tuong Chinh Phu 16 thang nam 2009 ve viec ban hanh Bo tieu chi Quoc gia ve nong thon moi 31- Quyet dinh so 800/QD-TTg cua Thu tuong Chinh Phu thang nam 2010, phe duyen chuong trinh muc tieu Quoc gia xay dung nong thon moi 32- Thong tu 31/2009/TTBXD cua Bo Xay dung 10 thang nam 2009 ve viec ban hanh tieu chuan quy hoach xay dung nong thdn 33- Thong tu 54/2009/TT-BNNPTNT cua Bo Ndng nghiep & PTNT 21 thang nam 2009 ve viec hudng dan thuc hien Bo tieu chi Quoc gia ve ndng thdn mdi 103 34- Tap chi nghien chu Trung Quoc so 107 thang nam 2010 35- Thai bao Kinh te va du bao so 464 thang 12 nam 2009; so 465 thang nam 2010; so 470 thang nam 2010 36- TS Do Due Quan (2010), Mot so giai phap nham phat trien ben vung nong thdn vung dong bang Bac Bo qua trinh xay dung, phat trien cac khu cong nghiep (qua khao sat cac tinh Vinh Phuc Hai Duong, Ninh Binh) Nha xuat ban Chinh tri Quoc gia, Ha Noi nam 2010 37- TS Pham Ngoc Linh, TS Nguyen Thi Kim Dung (2008), Giao trinh Kinh te phat trien Nha xuat ban Dai hoc Kinh te quoc dan, Ha Noi - 2008 38- TS TranL e Hung (2003), 7uz lieutap huan ve phht t ien ndng thon moi cho can bo cap co sd d md hinh xa diem Nha xuat ban nong nghiep, Ha Noi -2003 39- TS Tran Thi Tuong Van (2008), Kinh te - Xa hoi vung ndng thdn huyen Gia Lam - Ha Noi tren tien trinh doi moi, NXB Khoa hoc xa hoi 40- TS Vu Dinh Thang, GVC Hoang Van Dinh (2002), Giao trinh kinh te phat trien ndng thdn Nha xuat ban.thong ke, Ha Noi nam 2002 41- TS Dang Kim Sol ( 2001), Cong nghiep hoa tu nong nghiep lya luan thuc tien va trien vong ap dung a Viet Nam, NXB Nong nghiep 42- Vu Van Dung (2004), Co sd khoa hoc de xay dung tieu chi, buoc di co che chinh sach qua trinh cdng nghiep hoa, hien dai hoa ndng nghiep ndng thdn, NXB Nong nghiep, Ha Noi
Ngày đăng: 06/04/2023, 21:57
Xem thêm: