Hoàn thiện quản lý nhà nước đối với quỹ quốc gia về việc làm ở việt nam

i TRUONG DAI HOC KINH TE QUOC DAN ■ ■ DAI HOC KTQD TT THONG TIN TH If VIE u, PHONG LUANAN-Tl/L^ PHAM THJ BICH DU*0C HOAN THlfN QUAN if NHA NlTOC fltfl VAI QUY QUtfC GIA Vhl£C LAM ft VlfiT NAM CHUYfiN NGANH: KINH its CHINH TRI LUAn VAN THAC SY KINH Ngiidi hitdng dan khoa hoc: PGS.TS TO DCC HANH Ths HA NOI - 2013 LCH CAM DOAN r y > Luan van “ Hoan thien quart ly nha nu'd'c doi vd’i Quy quoc gia ve viec r r lam ff Viet Nam” la cong trinh nghien cuu cua rieng toi Cac ket qua, ket luan luan van la trung thuc va chua duqc cong bo bat ky cong trinh khoa hoc nao Cac so lieu, tai lieu tham khao duoc trich din co nguon goc ro rang Toi xin cam doan va chiu trach nhiem ve nhttng loi cam doan tren Ha Noi, 20/12/2012 Tac gia luan van Pham Thi• Bich Du’o• ’c • MVC LUC LOI CAM DOAN MUC LVC DANH MVC BANG BIEU DANH MUC SO DO TOM TAT LUAN VAN i LOTI MO DAU CHUONG 1: CO SO LY LUAN VATHI/C TIEN VE QUAN LY NHA NU6C DOI VCn QUY QUOC GIA VE VIEC LAM 1.1 Nhung van de co1 ban ve Quy Quoc gia ve viec lam 1.1.1 Viec lam va dm quan cua viec lam 1.1.2 Quy Quoc gia ve viec lam va dac diem vai tro cua Quy Quoc gia ve viec lam 14 1.2 Noi dung, nhan to anh hirdng va su’ can thiet hoan thien quan ly nha nu’d’c doi vdi Quy quoc gia ve Viec lam 23 r x r 1.2.1 Khai niem quan ly nha nude doi vdi Quy Quoc gia ve viec lam 23 1.2.2 Noi dung quan ly Nha nude doi vdi Quy Quoc gia ve Viec lam 25 r r r r 1.2.3 Cac nhan to anh hudng den quan ly nha nude doi vdi Quy Quoc gia ve viec lam 30 1.3 Kinh nghiem hoan thien quan ly nha nude doi vdi Quy tin dung ho ngheo va chiro’ng trinh hoc sinh sinh vien .35 1.3.1 Tong quan kinh nghiem: 35 1.3.2 Nhung bai hoc kinh nghiem rut cd the van dung cho viec hoan thien quan ly doi vdi Quy Quoc gia ve viec lam: 43 CHUONG 2: THUC TRANG QUAN LY NHA NU6c DOI VCH QUY QUOC GIA VE VIEC LAM 44 2.1 Khai quat tinh hinh phat trien cua Quy Quoc gia ve viec lam 44 2.1.1 Qua trinh hinh thanh: 44 2.1.2 Tinh hinh hien 47 2.2 Hien trang quan ly nha nuoc doi vdi Quy quoc gia ve viec lam 48 2.2.1 Hien trang ve co che, chinh sach, van ban quy dinh cua nha nude doi vdi Quy qudc gia ve viec lam 48 2.2.2 Hien trang ve to chuc bo may quan ly 53 2.2.3 Hien trang ve to chuc, trien khai thirc hien Quy quoc gia ve viec lam 56 2.2.4 Hien trang ve cong tac kiem tra, giam sat hoat dong cua Quy: 65 2.3 Danh gia ve hien trang quan ly cua Nha nuoc doi voi Quy Quoc gia ve viec lam 67 2.3.1 Nhung tuu dat dupe: 67 2.3.2 Nhung ton tai va nguyen nhan cua ton tai: 71 CHUONG PHUONG HUONG VA GIAI PHAP HOAN THIEN QUAN LY NHA MOC DOI v6l QUY QUOC GIA VE VIEC LAM 80 3.1 Phuong huong hoan thien quan ly nha nuoc doi vdi Quy Quoc gia ve viec lam 80 3.1.1 Co so de xac dinh phuong huong 80 3.1.2 Phuong huong hoan thien quan ly nha nuoc doi voi Quy quoc gia ve viec lam 84 r •> r a 3.2 Giai phap de hoan thien quan ly nha nuoc doi vdi Quy quoc gia ve viec lam 90 3.2.1 Sua doi, bo sung va hoan thien co che chinh sach ve quan ly nha r r \ nude doi vdi Quy qudc gia ve viec lam 90 3.2.2 Doi mdi bo may quan ly nha nude doi vdi Quy: 94 3.2.3 Tang cudng hieu luc, hieu qua bo may quan ly, dieu hanh 96 str r 3.2.4 Chu cong tac tuyen truyen va hieu biet phap luat doi vdi ngudi vay von 98 3.2.5 Nang cao trinh nhan thuc, chuyen mon, nghiep vu cua cac to r chuc, ca nhan vay von 99 PHAN KET LUAN .102 DANH MUC CAC TAI LIEU THAM KHAO 104 • • DANH MVC BANG BIEU Bi£u 2.1: Tinh hinh cho vay theo nguon von va muc dich su dung von tu 19922010 60 Bieu 2.2: Doanh so cho vay theo loai hinh du an tu 1992-2010 61 Bieu 2.3: Doanh so cho vay theo then han du an tu 1992-2010 62 Bang 2.4: Lai suat cho vay qua cac thdi ky tu 1992-2010 65 DANH MVC SO DO So 2.1 Quy trinh thu tuc vay von 57 TRUONG DA■ I HO■ C KINH TE QUOC DAN - - PHAM THI BiCH DlTtfC HOAN THlEN QUAN Lt NHA Nllfc flfil V01 QUf QUfc GIA V VlEC LAM ft VlET NAM CHUYfiN NGAnH: KINH rf CHtNH TRI X & w TOM TAT LUAN VAN THAC SY • nA Ndi - 2013 • i TOM TAT LUAN VAN LOI NOI DAU nhung van de xa hoi co tinh chat toan cau, la moi quan tarn Ion cua toan nhan loai, cua tat ca cac quoc gia, dac biet la cua cac nude dang phat trien nude ta, van de viec lam cho ngudi lao dong duoc Dang va Nha nude ta dac biet quan tarn Dai hoi dai bieu toan quoc lan thu IX cua Dang chi Z Z Z Z Z ' e ro: "Giai quyet viec lam la yeu to quyet dinh de phat huy nhan to ngudi, on dinh va phat trien kinh te, lam lanh manh xa hoi, dap ung nguyen vong chinh dang va yeu cau buc xue cua nhan dan" [10, tr 218].Tao dieu kien cho A A ngudi lao dong cd viec lam, mot mat nham phat huy duoc tiem nang lao dong, nguon luc to ldn d nude ta cho sir phat trien kinh te - xa hoi, mat khac la hudng co ban de xoa doi, giam ngheo cd hieu qua, la co sd de cai thien va nang cao ddi song cua nhan dan, gop phan gift vtrng an ninh chinh tri va trat tu an toan xa hoi, tao dong luc manh me thuc day su nghiep doi mdi dat nude tiep tuc di len A Z A Z A # qua, dap ung mot phan nhu cau vay von cua ngudi lao dong van de hoan thien Z o A quan ly nha nude doi vdi nguon Quy dat cho cac nha quan ly mot nhiem vu can phai giai quyet Thong qua viec phan tich hien trang tinh hinh A Z A ve quan ly nha nude doi vdi Quy quoc gia ve viec lam, tim nhung mat ton tai de co nhung giai phap thdi gian tdi de Quy cang phat huy hieu qua Luan van ngoai phan mo dau va ket luan gom chuong nghien cuu ly luan, phan tich danh gia thuc trang va khuyen nghi giai phap hoan thien co che quan ly Quy qudc gia ve viec lam Cac ket qua chinh cua luan van dupe the hien d nhung khia canh sau day: De tai da gop phan he thong hoa cac nghien cuu ly luan ve quan ly nha nuoc doi vdi Quy quoc gia ve viec lam 1.1 Dd tai da lam rd khai niem, chuc nang nhiem vu,vai tro cua Quy qudc gia ve viec lam De tai lam ro khai niem, chuc nang nhiem vu cua Quy qudc gia ve viec lam, phan tich cac yeu to cau va lam sang to su can 1.2 Dd tai da xet tdi nhung nhan td anh hudng den Quy qudc gia vd viec lam nhu: Tinh khoa hoc cua he thong van ban quy pham phap luat; Quy quan ly nha nuoc cua Quy tin dung hoc sinh sinh vien va Quy cho vay xoa doi giam ngheo lam bai hoc kinh nghiem: Tu nghien cuu kinh nghiem hoan thien quan ly nha nude cua chuong trinh tin dung xoa doi giam ngheo va chuong trinh cho vay hoc sinh, sinh vien de hoan thien quan ly nha nude doi vdi chuong trinh cho vay giai quyet viec r \ \ lam cua Quy quoc gia ve viec lam co hieu qua can van dung nhung bai hoc kinh nghiem sau: r r r \ Thu nhat, phai co mot he thong cor che chlnh sach dong bo, phu hop vdi tung doi tuqng va tinh hinh thuc te d tung giai doan r \ •> Thu hai, can chu den doi ngu can bo trien khai thuc hien chuong trinh d cac cap, cac nganh tu trung uong den dia phuong Thu ba, tang cudng cong tac kiem tra giam sat viec thuc hien d cac cap, cac nganh va dac biet la cor sd de kip thdi phat hien sai sot va chan chinh kip thdi ? X Thu tu, day manh cong tac tuyen truyen chinh sach va phap luat de ngudi dan nam duqc chinh sach cua Dang va nha nunc de thuc hien dung chu truong cua dang va nha nude Thong qua cor sd ly luan thuc tien ve quan ly nha nude doi vdi Quy qudc gia ve viec lam, de tai da phan tich la ro thuc trang quan ly nha nude doi / x r *> vdi Quy quoc gia ve viec lam Nhung ket qua cu the la: 2.1 De tai da khai quat qua trinh hinh va phat trien cua Quy quoc X gia ve viec lam 2.2 De tai da danh gia hien trang quan ly nha nude doi vdi Quy quoc gia ve viec lam tren cac phuong dien: hien trang ve cor che, chinh sach cua nha nude doi vdi Quy, hien trang ve to chuc bo may quan ly, hien trang viec to chuc triSn khai thuc hien va hien trang ve cong tac kiem tra, giam sat danh gia r r 2.3 Tren cor sd hien trang tinh hinh quan ly nha nude doi vdi Quy quoc gia ve viec lam de tai da danh gia mat duoc va ton tai cua tinh hinh quan ly Quy quoc gia ve viec lam cung tren phuong dien tren va tim nguyen nhan X cua ton tai Tu viec phan tich thuc trang, xac dinh nguyen nhan ton tai luan van khuyen nghi phuong hudng va cac giai phap hoan thien quan ly nha nude doi vdi Quy quoc gia ve viec lam thdi gian tdi iv 3.1.Luan van da nghien cuu co sd de xac dinh phuong hudng nhu: du bao ve tinh hinh kinh te, xa hoi nunc va the giai co anh hudng den viec r \ quan ly Quy quoc gia ve viec lam cung nhu quan diem cua Dang va nha nude ve viec quan ly Quy quoc gia ve viec lam, xu hudng phat trien cua Quy de thSy duoc phuong huong hoan thien Quy 3.2 Tu do, luan van da de xuat cac phuong hudng hoan thien Quan ly nha nude ddi vdi Quy quoc gia ve viec lam la: - Hoan thien quan ly Quy theo hudng phan cip mot each hop ly, - Bao toan von va tang von - Hoan thien theo hudng su dung ngan sach hap ly - Hoan thien theo hudng ban hanh cac thu tuc cho vay mot cahcs khoa r hoc nhat 3.3 Luan van khuyen nghi giai phap nham hoan thien quan ly nha nude doi vdi Quy quoc gia ve viec lam - Hoan thien, sua ddi bo sung ca che quan ly Quy quoc gia ve viec lam r cho phu hop vdi thuc te - Ddi mdi cong tac quan ly va dieu hanh cua bo may quan ly - Tang cudng hieu luc hieu qua cua bo may quan ly dieu hanh va trien r khai thuc hien d cac cap - Nang cao nhan thuc, tuyen truyen doi vdi ngudi vay von - Cac giai phap cu the ddi vdi to chuc, ca nhan ngudi vay von 93 r r r •» thiet, co the quy dinh theo ty le: 70% ty le von cho vay doi vdi cac co sd san r xuat kinh doanh, 30% danh cho cac ho gia dinh Z X A - Ve viec xu ly cac du an no qua han: Can cd che tai du manh de han che nhung du an no qua han, hien muc phat no qua han thap (130%) khong du sue dan de, vi hien lai suat cua cac Ngan hang thuong mai cao x z x r z r r \ gan gap Ian lai suat cho vay cua Quy qudc gia ve viec lam, neu lai suat qua han la 130% thi van thap hon lai suat cua ngan hang thuong mai nen nhieu chu du an co tinh de no qua han van hon di vay cac ngan hang thuong r x r •> mai Cho nen can tang muc phat lai suat qua han len cao de han che cac du an no qua han Ben canh dd can tang cudng su tham gia phoi hop cua cac co quan phap luat viec don doc tra no vay doi vdi cac du an khong muon tra no de tranh tinh trang no qua han keo dai lam giam kha nang hoat dong Z cua Quy Vi vay tang muc phat no qua han du sue dan de de han che tinh trang no qua han va quy dinh su tham gia cua cac co quan phap luat viec xu ly no qua han de giam bdt ty le vdn no qua han cua Quy - Ve viec xu ly cac du an rui ro bat kha khang: thdi gian qua mac du da cd Thdng tu hudng dan thuc hien xu ly cac du an rui ro nguyen nhan bat kha khang, nhung viec giam, mien tra lai, khoanh no hoac xoa no Z cho cac du an vay vdn bi thiet hai cac nguyen nhan khach quan van gap z x z kho khan ach tac Nhieu dia phuong thay tinh hinh no kho doi cao, cong tac X z thu hoi no gap kho khan nen tranh thu kien nghi Lien Bo khoanh no hoac xoa no, lam cho cong tac giai quyet d Trung uong gap kho khan, neu khong soat ky luong se dan den that thoat vdn cua Nha nudc, tao cho dan tam ly y lai vao Nha nudc khong chu dong, tu nguyen tra vdn va lai Neu tat ca cac truong hop deu gui len Lien Bo xem xet thi cung khong the giai quyet chinh xac hop ly duoc De dam bao viec thuc hien chinh xac, dung doi tuong, co che phai gan trach nhiem cua dia phuong, uy quyen cho cac dia 94 phuong phe duyet quyet dinh xoa ng Viec xem xet xoa ng anh hudng true r r \ r tiep den nguon von cho vay cua tinh, do cac dia phuong se chu dong can doi, giai quyet va chiu trach nhiem ve viec bao toan von Nha nuoc can quy dinh chat che ve cac dieu kien ho so phap ly, trinh tu, thu tuc tien hanh kiem tra xu ly Hien ton tai cu de lai nen mot lugng von khong nho bi rui ro (tu ban giao Kho bac chuyen sang) den van dang vudng chua co co che xu ly, can co hudng giai quyet nhung ton dgng lau nam de tranh nhung phat sinh khong dang co - Vd thu tuc xay du an, tham dinh du an va cap phat tien vay:Nhu da neu, tren thu tuc cho vay hien hanh rudm ra, phuc tap Mot du an da dugc vay von phai trai qua rat nhieu khau, nhieu giai doan, mdi mot giai doan lai can cd thdi gian tuong doi dai Theo quy dinh, thdi gian tham dinh dugc tien hanh tdi da la 15 ngay, nhung thuc te thuong didn vdi thdi gian dai tdi 2030 ngay, anh hudng den mua vu va noi dung su dung von Cong tac tham dinh Ngan hang Chinh sach xa hoi tham dinh bo may nhan su cua Ngan hang Chinh sach xa hoi mong nen da uy thac cho cac td chuc tiet kiem vay von xet duyet va binh bau ddi tugng nen tinh dan chu va muc tieu giai quyet viec lam cua Quy chua dugc dam bao 3.2.2 Ddi nun bo may quan ly nha nuoc doi vdi Quy: Viec ddi mdi va hoan thien bo may quan ly nha nudc cua Quy qudc gia ve viec lam la nhiem vu de dap ung yeu cau thdi gian tdi, viec doi mdi va hoan thien bo may theo hudng: Kien toan td chuc bo may phu hgp vdi tinh hinh chung cua dat nudc, phu hgp vdi dac diem cua nen kinh te thi truong dinh hudng xa hoi chu nghia thdi ky hoi nhap nhung van gitr dugc muc tieu, muc dich cua Quy •t r Kien toan td chuc bo may phai dam bao cac co quan he thong chinh tri hoat dong cd hieu luc, hieu qua, tinh gon, khac phuc tinh trang quan 95 lieu, trung lap, chong cheo ve chuc nang, nhiem vu hoac to chu khong phu hop voi chuc nang, nhiem vu Phan dinh ro chuc nang, nhiem vu, trach nhiem cua moi to chuc, dam bao hieu luc, hieu qua cua bo may quan ly nha nudc Kien toan bo may phai dam bao tinh dong bo, he thong, vua phai ke thua nhung kinh nghiem da dat duqc, vua dap ung yeu cau cua tien trinh doi z z Az r • y mdi va hoi nhap kinh te quoc te va yeu cau cua cong viec a • i • a a a a a a •> a • A Hien hoat dong cua Quy diln tren dia ban va pham vi rong, viec r •» f quan ly va trien khai thuc hien rat kho khan Vi vay, thdi gian tdi, de nang AZA A AZ -*A cao hieu qua su dung nguon von cua Quy can tap trung vao cac van de sau: - Phan cap quan ly, trao quyen chu dong tu quyet cho cac cap truc tiep Z A Z dieu hanh Viec phe duyet du an co the phan cap cho cap huyen, thuoc vao tinh hinh quan ly dieu hanh va thuc tien cua tung dia phuong - Hoan thien co che chinh sach tren co so nghien cuu tong ket thuc tiln, gan nghien cuu khoa hoc vdi van dung thuc te sinh dong o tung dia phuong Giam sat chat che viec thuc thi chinh sach, kiem tra, xu ly kip thdi cac hien tuong sai trai, chong tieu cuc cong tac cho vay - Tung budc noi mang he thong quan ly von qua Ngan hang Chinh sach xa hoi, kiem soat kip thdi nguon von chu chuyen cung nhu hieu qua su dung z r von ve ca mat kinh te lan xa hoi a - Thiet lap he thong chuyen giao cong nghe nhat la cong nghe sinh hoc vao cac ho gia dinh de san xuat cac mat hang nong san, gan san xuat vdi xuat Z Z A khau cac loai san pham co gia tri kinh te cao (nuoi tom, nuoi ca sau, nam, lam kinh te vudn ) - Ban hanh cac chinh sach khuyen khich cac ho vay von Quy Quoc gia 7 Z ho tro viec lam de phat trien san xuat tieu thu cong nghiep - To chuc thudng xuyen cong tac tuyen truyen hudng dan ve quy che vay cung nhu nhung ket qua ma Quy Quoc gia hO tro viec lam da dat duoc 96 Day la cong viec quan va can thiet de nang cao hieu qua vdn vay cung nhu hieu qua thu hoi va su dung vdn cua Quy Viec tuyen truyen hudng dan co the true tiep thdng qua doi ngu cac nha quan ly co trinh d dia phuang hoac qua phuang tien truyen thdng: sach, bao, dai phat thanh, vo tuyen, bang cac phong su tai lieu tai lieu de gidi thieu vd Quy, vd nhung tuu ma \ Quy dat dugc thdi gian qua, dd ngudi dan co niem tin, manh dan vay va su dung vdn cua Quy Qudc gia hd tra viec lam cho cd hieu qua nhat 3.2.3 Tang curing hieu luc, hieu qua bo may quan ly, dieu hanh - Hoan thien bo may quan ly dieu hanh d cac cap tu Trung uong den r dia phuang, kien toan to chuc cac ban chi dao giai quydt viec lam cua tinh va huyen, chuyen mdn hoa bo may hoat dong quan ly nguon vdn cho vay giai quydt viec lam - Tang cudng cong tac dao tao nang trinh chuyen mdn nghiep vu cua x \ ■> r can bo tham gia dieu hanh quan ly nguon vdn Hang nam to chuc cac luop dao tao tap huan nghiep vu chuyen mdn cho can bo lam cong tac lao dong viec lam va cho can bo true tiep tham gia quan ly Quy, tham quan hoc hoi kinh nghiem d nhung dia phuang lam tot cong tac cho vay giai quydt viec lam tren dia ban ca nudc va tham quan hoc tap kinh nghiem cua cac nudc khu vuc co md hinh tuong dong vdi Viet Nam Tang cudng su lanh dao cua cap uy Dang, quan ly cua chinh quyen dia r x r phuong, khac phuc nhung yeu kem lanh dao, quan ly cua Nha nudc vd A \ e viec lam pham vi ca nudc Vi vay can phai xay dung dugc dudng loi chien luge phat trien kinh te - xa hoi, dac biet la chien luge vd giai quydt van A > ~ de lao dong va viec lam mot each dung dan, khoa hgc, phu hgp vdi thuc tien cua dia phuong r r r r x Bien nghi quydt cua Dai hoi Dang bo cac cap, dac biet la nghi quydt vd giai quydt viec lam trd hien thuc cua cuoc song, bang each: 97 - Tuyen truyen sau rong, lam chuyen bien manh me ve nhan thuc cua cac cap, cac nganh, cac to chuc xa hoi va toan thd nhan dan vd chu truong dudng loi phat trien kinh te - xa hoi, tao md viec lam cua cac tinh; z Z A khuyen khich, dong vien cac phan kinh te, cac to chuc xa hoi, moi gia dinh va mdi ngudi lao dong tu tao viec lam cho minh va cho xa hoi - Cac cap uy Dang phai lanh dao, chi dao chinh quyen cu the hoa dudng loi nghi quyet cua Dang nhung chinh sach, giai phap cu thd tao md duoc nhidu viec lam tren co sd khai thac co hieu qua cac tiem nang sdn co cua dia phuong, phat trien san xuat gan vdi giai quyet viec lam cho ngudi lao dong - Cac cap uy Dang phai lanh dao, chi dao cac to chuc chinh tri xa hoi (Cong doan, Doan nien, phu nd, Hoi nong dan, Hoi cuu chien binh) va cac to chuc xa hoi khac tich cue van dong cac hoi vien cua to chuc minh hang hai thi dua, giup lan phat trien san xuat, tao md viec lam r r - Dua van de giai quyet viec lam cho ngudi lao dong la mot nhung nhiem vu chinh tri quan cua Dang bo, chi bo; la mot nhting noi dung quan de xem xet, danh gia viec hoan nhiem vu cua chi bo, Dang bo mdi ky sinh hoat Dang; la tieu chi ydu (co ban) dd phan loai dang vien hoan nhiem vu va xep loai chi bo, Dang bo (trong sach vung manh va cac danh hieu khac ) sau mdi nam hoat dong.Uy ban nhan dan tinh phai nhanh chong xay dung duoc "chien luac" giai quyet viec lam tir den nam 2020, cham dut cung each xay dung chinh sach viec lam r r z the che hoa dudng loi nghi quyet cua Dang bo nhung chinh sach, giai 7 Z A phap cu the, huu hieu de phat trien san xuat kinh doanh tao nhieu co hoi viec lam cho ngudi lao dong Chan chinh, kien toan he thong td chuc giai quyet viec lam d ca ba cap: tinh - huyen - xa Bo tri can bo chuyen trach cd nang luc va pham chat tot d nhung "mat khau" then chot, xoa bo cac td chuc trung gian, hinh he 98 thong to chuc chi dao chuong trinh giai quyet viec lam theo hinh thirc true r tuyen: "tinh -> huyen -> xa" va "tinh -> co so" (co quan, trudng - lop day Chan chinh, nhiem vu, noi dung chuong trinh, co cau nganh nghe dao tao cua cac truong day nghe, cac trung tam va co so day nghe tren dia ban tinh, nham dam bao nguon nhan luc sau duoc dao tao dap ung duoc nhu cau cua thi truong sue lao dong ca ve chat luong va co cau nghe nghiep ' A • • Co chinh sach uu tien thu hut dau tu nhung nganh nghe co kha nang giai f r t t t \ quyet viec lam cho so ddng lao dong thong Ddng thoi chu phat trien song song nganh nghe d ca hai linh vuc: truyen thong (doanh nghiep vira va nho) lan hien dai (doanh nghiep cd cong nghe tien tidn) ca d nong thon va thi Tang cudng quan ly nha nudc bang chinh sach, phap luat doi vdi moi hoat dong lien quan den cac van de tao md viec lam Dam bao moi hoat dong nhu: tu van, hd tro, dao tao, san xuat kinh doanh tao md viec lam duoc tu do, thong thoang khuon kho cua phap luat quy dinh Xu ly nghiem minh chinh sach lao dong va viec lam y r r 3.2.4 Chu cong tac tuyen truyen va hieu biet phap luat doi vdi nguoi vay von Nham nang cao hieu luc, hieu qua quan ly Nha nudc cua Quy quoc gia \ r r ve viec lam de ngudi vay vdn nam duoc chu truong chinh sach cua Dang va nha nudc va thuc hien tot cac chu truong, chinh sach cua nha nudc can tang cudng cong tac tuyen truyen van dong nhan dan tim hieu va thuc hien tot cac chu truong Tuyen truyen, bien phap luat trudc gop phan dem lai cho ngudi lao dong cd tri thuc phap luat lam phuang tien de bao ve quyen loi ich hop phap cua minh theo co hanh vi hop phap, biet su dung phap luat tao thuan lqi cho qua trinh quan ly nha nudc 99 Thong qua tuyen truyen bien phap luat gop phan nang cao y thuc phap luat cua nguoi lao dong, hat huy quyen lam chu cua nhan dan lao dong va thuc hien dung quyen, nghia vu phap ly cong dan Tuyen truyen, bien phap luat co the bang nhieu hinh thuc khac nhu: bien thong qua tuyen truyen mieng, thong qua phat hanh tai lieu to roi, to gap, pano, ap phich ; thong qua truyen thong, truyen hinh Thong qua tuyen truyen nguoi vay von hieu ro hon ve muc tieu, muc dich chinh cua Quy quoc gia ve vie lam tranh hien tuong khong hieu biet phap luat nghi day la nguon von cho khong cua nha nudc vay von ve r x khong dau tu vao san xuat kinh doanh ma tieu sai phuc vu cho gia dinh, co r z nguoi mang di uong ruou, mua xe may de di lai lam that thoat tai san cua nha nudc, khong sinh loi tu dong von cua nha nudc cung nhu tao viec lam cho minh va cho cong dong xa hoi r x De thuc hientot viectuyen truyen, r x /x a a x r r x 4a a r r •> bien phap luat doi vdi nguoi 1'1 vay von can tap trungvao cac van de chinh sau: 'I-’ x * • z j , x • r a r ■ A -1 Z J w z A x Tuyen truyen, giao duc cho nguoi vay von co quan niem dung dan ve chu truong, chinh sach cua Dang va nha nudc ve Quy quoc gia ve viec lam, hieu ro quyen loi va trach nhiem cua minh qua trinh thuc hien Thong tin day du cho nguoi vay von biet ve cac quy dinh, thu tuc, dieu kien va trinh tu phap ly lam du an vay von tu Quy quoc gia ve viec lam cung nhu chuc nang nhiem vu cua tung co quan quan ly nha nudc de nguoi vay tiep can dung dia chi, dung nguoi dung viec, tranh chay vong vo, mat thoi gian, cong suc ma khong dem lai hieu qua 3.2.5 Nang cao trinh ato nhcin thuc, chuyenmon, nghiep vucua cac r to chuc, ca hhOh vay vdn Tao von giai quyet viec lam khong chi la nhiem vu cua cac to chuc cho Z Z vay vdn ma la trach nhiem cua nhung nguoi su dung von Vi vay ben 100 canh cac giai phap doi vdi cac to chuc cho vay, can luu y giai quyet cac van de lien quan doi nhung ngudi su dung von vay vdi nhung van de cu the sau: - Cac to chuc va ca nhan vay von de phat trien san xu£t kinh doanh, tao them nhieu cho lam viec mdi can phai tinh toan su dung von vao nhung hoat dong kinh doanh vua tao nhieu cho lam mdi, vua mang lai hieu qua kinh te Day la giai phap nham nang cao hieu qua su dung von vay Z A A Muon dat duoc yeu cau tren, cac to chuc va ca nhan can lap luan chung r r vay von mot cach thuc su, tranh hinh thuc coi nhu la thu tuc vay von ma coi nhu la phuong tien de su dung vdn co hieu qua De lam duoc dieu do, mot mat can dua vao dinh hudng va quy hoach phat trien kinh te cua vung, dia phuong, mat khac can phai nhanh nhay tim hieu thi trudng, danh gia thuc luc cua ban than va co so de co su lua chon nganh nghe va phuong hudng kinh doanh phu hop Vdi nhung y tuong dau tu ldn cdn lap cac du an hoan chinh lam co so vay von va to chuc hoat dong kinh doanh Cac du an dSu tu can tinh toan tdi cac dien bien cua thi trudng va tinh toan danh gia hieu qua cua su dung cac nguon luc Doi vdi cac hoat dong diu tu quy mo nho, dac biet cac hoat dong dau tu cua cac ho nong dan can xay dung cac du an nho theo cac yeu cau cua cac to chuc cho vay vdn Phai danh gia thuc su ti£m nang kinh te cua ho theo cac phuong phap tao su chu dong cua ho nong dan, khong co su ap dat cua to chuc cho vay von can tranh cac xu hudng: ngdn ngai khong muon vay von de mo rong san xuat kinh doanh nhu rat nhieu ho nong dan hien va nguoc lai muon vay nhieu von, bat chap cac luan cd de dam bao tinh kha thi va tinh hieu qua cua su dung von - Can to chuc tot cac hoat dong dau tu, nhat la cac hoat dong dau tu lien Z a Z Z quan den xay dung cac co so tang, nha xuong va mua sam thiet bi, tranh nhung lang phi va truong khong cSn thiet 101 - Doi moi cac hinh thuc to chuc va quan ly kinh doanh d£ quan ly va khai thac tot cac hoat dong dau tu Viec lua chon hinh thuc dau tu phu hop A y y ddi voi cac hoat dong dau tu moi co y nghia quan nham nang cao hieu qua von vay - Can nang cao trinh to chuc san xuat kinh doanh va trinh tay nghe cho nguoi lao dong co so de tang nang suat lao dong va nang cao hieu qua cua su dung von vay 102 PHAN KET LUAN x r x t Cac van de da de cap va cac giai phap neu tren khang dinh viec tang cudng cong tac quan ly nha nude doi voi nguon von cho vay Quy quoc gia ve hoan thien chinh sach cho vay Quy quoc gia ve viec lam nham khong ngirng nang cao hieu qua chuong trinh giai quyet viec lam qudc gia Quan ly su dung co hieu qua nguon vdn tao viec lam va thuc hien co hieu qua cac bien phap hd x r x r tro viec lam, khong nhung lam giam bdt van de buc xue cua nen kinh te thi truong ma gop phan tung budc cai each lam lanh manh hoa quan he lao r r r x r r r dong va chat luong, sd luong lao dong, bien van de viec lam trd yeu to tich cue thuc day phat trien kinh te dat nudc giai doan mdi Hoan thien quan ly nha nudc doi vdi Quy qudc gia ve viec lam la yeu cau khach quan va phu hop vdi chu truong dudng loi cua Dang va Nha nudc r cong tac cai each hanh chinh, gan hieu qua cong tac bo may Nha nudc (W Z Z vdi thuc tien doi song kinh te xa hoi cua nhan dan Dua su nghiep viec lam trd diem sang cac hoat dong cua su nghiep doi mdi Doi vdi Viet Nam, van de lao dong va viec lam da va se vln la nhung qua giai quyet viec lam, nhat la nang cao hieu qua su dung nguon vdn cua Quy Qudc gia hd tro viec lam can phai cd co che chinh sach va bo may quan ly nha nudc dieu hanh Quy qudc gia ve viec lam phu hop vdi cac dieu kien va cac giai phap dong bo va cd tinh kha thi Cu thd ciin chu va tap trung Z A vao cac van de nhu: - - ' Z - Thuc hien tot cac giai phap phat trien kinh te - xa hoi tao md viec lam de vira thu hut them viec lam, vira nang cao hieu qua su dung vdn vay tao viec lam 103 - Tang cudng dao tao phat trien nguon nhan luc gan vdi muc tieu giai quyet viec lam tien trinh phat trien ndn kinh td theo hudng cong nghiep hoa, hien dai hoa - Hoan thien cac chinh sach khuyen khich phat trien san xuat kinh doanh va thu hut lao dong, tap trung vao mot so chinh sach co tac dong true tiep nhu: Chinh sach thue; Chinh sach dat dai; Chinh sach khuyen khich su phat trien cua cac hoi nghe; Chinh sach tro gia cac san pham nong nghiep r x r •> -Tap trung vao cac van de doi mdi va hoan thien co che quan ly nha che cho vay; Ddi mdi cong tac quan ly, td chuc thuc hien; Tang cudng hieu luc hieu qua bo may quan ly, dieu hanh a a a a r a Nhung van de tren la nhung van de het sue co ban va cap bach Giai r r r x x quyet tot nhung van de tren se gop phan quan nang cao hieu qua su dung vdn noi chung, vdn vay giai quyet viec lam noi rieng de gop phan giai A A A quyet viec lam nhu muc tieu Nghi quyet dai hoi dang XI de 104 DANH MUC CAC TAI LIEU THAM KHAO Vu Dinh Bach (1998), '“Cac giai phap thuc day tang trudng kinh te d Viet Nam", NXB Chinh tri quoc gia, Ha Noi, Tr 21-25 Bo Cdng nghiep (2000), Chien luac phat trien Cong nghiep den nam 2010, Ha Noi, Tr 9,13 Bo Giao due va Dao tao (2000), Chien luac giao due dao tao den nam 2010", Ha Noi, Tr 3-7 Bo Ke hoach va Dau tu (2000), Dau tu true tiep nude ngoai theo vung kinh te, thuc trang va giaiphap, Ha Noi, Thang 5-2000, Tr 8,15 Bo Lao dong-Thuong binh va Xa hoi (1995), Bao cao tong hap de tai Khoa hoc cap nha nudc KX 04.04, Ha Noi, Tr 12,16,18,19,24,30,38 Bo Lao dong-Thuong binh va Xa hoi (2000), Chien luac viec lam den nam 2010, Ha noi, Tr 5-8 Bo Lao dong-Thuong binh va Xa hoi, Vien hop tac nghien cuu khoa hoc vi su phat trien CH Phap (1998), Tac dong cua nhung bien doi kinh te den v y r r su phat trien nguon nhan luc, viec lam va khu vuc phi ket cau d Viet Nam va Ddng Nam A, NXB Lao dong, Ha Noi, Tr 9-12 Bo Luat Lao dong nudc Cong hoa Xa hoi Chu nghia Viet Nam, NXB Chinh tri Quoc gia-Ha noi 1994, Tr 6-9 Bo Nong nghiep va Phat trien nong thon (2000), Chien luac phat r trien Nong nghiep nong thon den nam 2010, Ha Noi, Tr 15,28 10 Tran Thi Minh Chau (2000), “Ho tro cho doanh nghiep vua va nho linh vuc dao tao nguon nhan luc”, Tap chi Nghien cuu ly luan so 3­ 2000, Tr 29-30 11 Tran Thi Minh Chau (2000), “Phat trien cac hinh thuc tin dung nham giai quyet van d6 xa hoi”, Tap chi Tai chinh sd (431)-2000, Ha Noi, Tr 48-49 105 12 Tran Thi Trung Chien (2001), “ Ve chien luoc dan so d nuoc ta den nam 2010 ”, Tap chi Cong san so (2/2001), Ha Noi, tr.27-31 13 Tran Ngoc Didn (1998), “Quy Quoc gia giai quyet viec lam-Mot giai phap hieu qua”, Tap chi Tai chinh so 1+2 (399+400)-1998, Ha Noi, Tr 38, 39 14 Tran Ngoc Dien (2001), “Ket qua thuc hien Quy Quoc gia ho trq viec lam va phuong hudng nam 2001”, Tap chi Lao dong vd Xa hoi so 175 (6/2001), Ha Npi, Tr 6,7 15 Le Dang Doanh, Nguyen Minh Tu (1998), “ Tac ddng xa hoi cua cai each kinh te ddi vai sitphat trien viing\ NXB Chinh tri qudc gia, Ha Noi 16 Vo Hung Dung (2000), “Tang trudng va co cau kinh te Viet Nam tu 1975-1998”, Tap chi Nghien cuu Kinh te sd 266 (7/2000) vd sd 267 (8/2000), Ha Noi, Tr 2-6 17 Tran Thanh Due (2000), “ Nhan to ngudi luc luong san xuat hien dai”, Tap chi nghien cuu vd ly luan 10/2000, Ha Noi, Tr.47-51 18 Thu Ha (1999), “ Thi trudng lao dong Viet Nam mot nam sau khung hoang tai chinh tien te chau A”, Tap chi Kinh te Chau a -Thdi Binh Duong, sd (1/1999), Ha Noi, Trang 15-16 19 Nguyen Thi Hang (1998), “ Mdi quan he giua dan sd vdi phat trien kinh te - xa hoi ”, Tap chi Cong san sd 21 (11/1998), Ha Noi, Tr.7,12 20 Nguyen Thi Hang (2000), “ Chinh sach xa hoi ddi mdi dat nudc”, Tap chi Cong san sd 21 (11-2000), Ha Noi, Tr.8-11 21 He thong vdn ban phap luat thuc hien Chuang trinh muc tieu Qudc gia ve viec lam, Nha xuat ban Lao dong - xa hoi -1999, Tr.49-170 22 Nguydn Dac Hung (2000), “Giai phap vdn diu tu cho cong nghiep hoa hien dai hoa nong thon”, Tap chi Phat trien kinh te sd 115 (5-2000), Tr 14 23 Minh Hoai (2000), “ Tang trudng kinh te va giai quyet viec lam d nude ta hien nay”, Tap chi sd vd su kien sd 1+2- 2000, Tr 27-29 106 24 Nguyen Quang Hue, Nguydn Tuan Doanh (1999), “ Dao tao nguon nhan luc cho cong nghiep hoa, hien dai hoa dat nudc”, Tap chi Thong tin thi trudng lao dong, so 2-1999, Tr 15 r ? \ r 25 John Maynard Keynes, "Ly thuyet tong quat ve viec lam, lai suat va tien te,\ Nha xuat ban Giao due, Ha Noi nam 1994, Tr 15-35 26 “Khung hoang kinh td, thAt nghiep - thuc trang va giai phap”, Tap chi Lao dong va xa hoi, so 147 (thang 2-1999), Tr 1,2 27 Kinh te Viet Nam 1955-2000, tinh toan mdi, phan tich mdi, NXB Thong ke, Ha noi, 12- 2000 28 Vo Dai Luge (1998), “Toan cau hoa - nhung tac dong va doi sach cua Viet Nam”, Tap chi Kinh te Chau a - Thdi Binh Duong, so 1, Ha Noi 1998 29 Nguyen Le Minh (1999), “ Quy quoc gia viec lam, so lieu va hy vong”, Tap chi Lao ddng vaXa hoi, so 146 (thang 1-1999), Tr.8-10 30 Trung tam nghien cuu kinh te - Hoi Khoa hoc Kinh te Viet Nam "Mot so giai phap huy dong vdn dau tu xay dung khu cong nghe cao tai Viet Nam", Ha Noi, Thang 8-1998, Tr.24 31 Truong Van Phuc (2000), “Thuc trang luc lugng lao dong 1996-2000 va mot so van de can quan tam chien luge phat trien nguon nhan luc 20012005”, Tap chi Lao dong-Xa hoi sd 168 (thang 11-2000), Tr.30,31,35 32 Tao Htru Phung (2000), “Nang cao hieu qua su dung vdn vay nudc ngoai de dau tu phat trien kinh te-xa hoi”, Tap chi Cong san 9/2000, Tr.47-52 33 PGS.PTS Le Van Sang; PTS Kim Ngoc (1999), “ Tang trudng kinh te va cong bang xa hoi d Nhat ban giai doan "Than ky" va Viet Nam thdi ky "Doi mdi", NXB Chinh tri Quoc gia, Ha Noi-1999 34 Sd lieu thong ke Kinh te-Xa hoi Viet Nam 1975-2000 NXB Thong ke, Ha Noi-2000 35 Sd lieu thong ke Lao dong-Viec lam d Viet nam 1996-2000, NXB Thong ke, Ha Noi-2001 107 36 PTS Vu Trucrng San (1997) “ Dau tu true tiep nudc ngoai vdi tang truong kinh te d Viet Nam” Nha xuat ban Thong ke, Ha Noi 37 Pham Dd Nhat Tan (1999) “ Dinh huong xuat khau lao dong r thdi gian tdi”, Tap chi Thdng tin thi trudng lao dong, so 4-1999, Tr.5,8 38 Tinh hinh dau tu true tiep nudc ngoai tai Viet Nam 1988-1999 Bo Ke hoach va Dau tu, Thang 10-1999, 39 “Tinh hinh lao dong va thuc trang viec lam qua ket qua dieu tra 1-7- 1998”, Tap chi Lao dong vd Xa hoi, so 145 (thang 11-1998), Tr.1-3 40 Bui Ngoc Thanh (2000), “ Viec lam chien luoc phat trien kinh te- xa hoi giai doan 2000-2010 Tap chi Cong san so 20 (10/2000), Tr.16-19 41 Nguyen Thdng (2000), “ Mot sd bien phap giai quyet viec lam nam 2000 ”, Tap chi Kinh te vd du bao so 2-2000, Tr.13 42 Thuc trang viec lam d Viet Nam nam 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000, Bo Lao dong-Thuong binh va Xa hoi, NXB Thdng ke, Ha Noi r r r > 43 Tong ket thuc hien chuyen doi co cau kinh te vd co cau dau tu 1991-2000, Bo Ke hoach va Dau tu, Thang 4-2000, Tr 15-17 44 TS Nguyen Luong Trao (1999), “ Mot sd kdt qua va kinh nghiem ■X r budc dau thuc hien chinh sach xa hoi d Viet Nam ”, Tap chi Cong san so 79 (10-1999), Tr 19-21 45 TS Trdn Huu Trung (1999), “ Viec lam cua ngudi lao dong bao dam va nang cao chat luong cuoc song ”, Tap chi Cong san so 21 (11-1999), Tr.20,21