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TRtrdNG DAI HOC KINH TE QUOC DAN DAI HOC KT TT THONG TIN TH PHONG LUAN AN - DIEP QUANG PHU TANG CVCJNG NANG LVC CANH TRANH • • TRONG XUAT KHAU GAO CUA VIET NAM • • ven AN DO Chuyen nganh: Kinh te quoc te X6Z0 LUAN VAN THAC SI KINH TE • • Ngudi hiring dan khoa hoc: PGS TS NGO THI TUYET MAI Ha Noi, 2013 LCH CAM DOAN Toi xin cam doan day la nghien curu khoa hoc doc lap cua toi Cac s6 lieu, ket qua trinh bay luan van la trung thuc va co nguon goc ro rang Ha Noi, ngayVZthang^nam 2013 Hoc vien Diep Quang Phu YEU CAU CUA HOI DONG -CHAM LUAN VAN THAO SI VE _ 7 A Nhimg diem can sua chua bo sung truuc nop luan van chinh thuc cho Vien dao tao SDH / /czbm fry/.' M ./AV LO^ ^ &&/ ^ ^ farzo £&/ £& A A Ar.J yte&rx? .t.eu Z' -&A£ < Z7fc?Z2 !z /?.^/Ak lA jA? Jx,^Z rrt./ •\ JrZZ Chu tick Hoi dong (Ky va ghi ro ho ten) Cam ket cua Hoc vien7 Io/ XiA Cj?.^ / •» cong nghe, dac biet la co the tham gia vao nang gia, giu on dinh gia san pham gao xuat khau Doi voi nhtrng hiep hoi nao chua tham gia vao cac to chuc, hiep hoi quoc te can chu dong kien nghi Chinh phu, Bo chu quan van dong xin gia nhap cac to chuc, hiep hoi quoc te de bao ve quyen loi cho doanh nghiep va nganh hang Hien nay, Viet Nam dang tham gia dam phan nhieu hiep dinh song phuong va da phuong d WTO, cung cac nudc ASEAN dam phan vdi Trung Quoc, Nhat Ban, Han Qudc, An Do ve md cua thi trudng va tham gia cac dien dan APEC, ASEM Hiep hoi can nghien cuu, thu thap kien nghi cua hoi vien de tu van cho Chinh phu ve cac cam ket md cua thi trudng, bo sung va hoan thien cac co che, chinh sach lien quan den phat trien nganh hang lua gao Hiep hoi can tu van cho Chinh phu xay dung rao can ky thuat thich hop de bao ve lpi ich cua ngudi ndng dan quan he qudc te va bao ho hop ly cho ho canh tranh tren thi trudng Hiep hoi lam cau noi phan anh tam tu, nguyen vong va bao ve quyen lpi cua hoi vien Hiep hoi giu vai tro tham muu cho Chinh phu, cac Bo, Nganh va chinh quyen dia phuong viec xay dung cac chu truong, co che, chinh sach thich hop ve dat dai, ve tai chinh tin dung de thuc day phat trien nganh hang lua gao Hiep hoi can day manh hon nua cong tac thu thap va xu ly thong tin de cd the ho tro kip thdi cho cac hoi vien ve thong tin, nghien cuu thi trudng, xue tien thuong mai, tim kiem thi trudng xuat khau va tim hieu ve ky thuat mdi canh tac Hiep hoi can phai giu vai tro trung gian chu truong, dieu phoi va thuc hien lien minh doanh nghiep de tao sue manh cho cac doanh nghiep chu dong kinh doanh, tham chi cd the khong che thi trudng, gia ca Neu lam dupe nhu vay, hiep hoi se giup cho cac doanh nghiep xay dung dupe mdi lien minh, lien ket chat che nhu lien ket vung, lien ket nganh, lien ket kinh doanh de tao sue manh dam phan ky ket hop ddng ca khau tieu thu san pham va cung cap nguyen lieu 88 dau vao cho san xuat va xuat khau gao, nha giam chi phi van tai, chi phi giao > r r -x dich va tao niem tin vung chac cho doi tac ky hop ddng Hiep hoi tap trung tri tue de ho tro doanh nghiep ap dung cac tien bo khoa hoc ky thuat mai, ap dung cac he thong quan ly chat lugng HACCP, GAP, ISO 9.000, ISO 14.000 vao san xuat va che bien nong san de nang cao nang suat, chat lugng, tiet kiem nguyen nhien lieu va dam bao ve sinh an toan thuc pham giup tang cuong kha nang canh tranh cua san pham tren thi truang Tren thuc te, cac doanh nghiep Viet Nam it nudc ngoai tim thi trudng nen thieu thong tin vi vay hiep hoi nen cd nhung bien phap ho trg doanh nghiep viec tham tra ly lich cua cac ddi tac nudc ngoai de tranh bi lira dao, gian lan thuong mai Cac hiep hoi cd the lap co quan dai dien cua minh d nudc ngoai, Nha nudc nen hd trg ban dau ve co sd vat chat bang nguon ngan sach, nhung ve lau dai hiep hoi se hoat dong dua tren kinh phi hoi vien ddng gop 89 KET LUAN • Viec phan tich, danh gia dung thuc trang, tim nguyen nhan de tu dua nhung giai phap huu hieu nham nang cao nang luc canh tranh xuat khau gao cua Viet Nam voi An Do noi rieng va voi cac doi thu canh tranh khac noi chung la van de quan khong chi ve mat nhan thuc, ly luan ma co y nghia ve mat thuc tien dieu kien hoi nhap kinh te quoc te hien Xuat phat tir quan diem nay, luan van da tap trung giai quyet nhung van de sau: He thong hoa va lam sang to them mot so van de ly luan co ban ve canh tranh va nang luc canh tranh xuat khau hang hoa Luan van da lira chon cac tieu chi co ban de danh gia nang luc canh tranh xuat khau gao bao gom tieu •> r a a r a •> chi ve san luong va doanh thu gao xuat khau, tieu chi ve thi phan gao xuat khau, tieu chi ve chat luong gao xuat khau va tieu chi ve thuong hieu va uy tin gao xuat khau Thong qua viec nghien cuu kinh nghiem su dung giai phap de nang cao nang lire canh tranh xuat khau gao cua mot so nudc co nen nong nghiep phat trien nhu Thai Lan va Hoa Ky, luan van da rut mot so bai hoc bo ich cho Viet Nam Do la nhung bai hoc kinh nghiem ve viec xac dinh chinh xac va dung vi tri cua nganh gao phat trien kinh te; thuc hien chien luge phat trien nganh gao hudng vao xuat khau; chu dau tu phat trien KH&CN hoat dong san xuat - che bien lua gao; xay dung va thuc thi chinh sach ho trg hoat dong san xuat, che bien va xuat khau gao; quy hoach vung nguyen lieu cd tinh chuyen mdn hoa cao; day manh cdng tac xay dung thuong hieu cho gao xuat khau cua Viet Nam Thong qua phan tich cac nhan to tac dong, cho thay d Viet Nam, trinh canh tac cua ngudi nong dan cdn lac hau, tiem lire KH&CN va muc ap dung r r r r •> a KH&CN vao hoat dong san xuat, che bien, bao quan gao xuat khau cdn nhieu han r r \ r r che, mot sd chinh sach ve dat dai va tin dung chua theo kip vdi tinh hinh thuc te Dieu da gop phan lam suy giam nang luc canh tranh xuat khau gao cua Viet Nam Can cu vao viec phan tich thuc trang nang luc canh tranh xuat khau gao cua Viet Nam vdi An Do de dua ket qua danh gia Ket qua danh gia cho thay 90 hien nang luc canh tranh xuat khau gao cua Viet Nam van yeu hon so vdi An Do Tren co sd danh gia thuc trang va tham khao kinh nghiem cua nudc ngoai, De tai nghien cuu, de xuat mot so giai phap nham nang cao nang luc canh tranh xuat khiu gao cua Viet Nam so vdi An Do Giai phap can duoc thuc hien mot cach dong bo, tu dieu chinh quy hoach vung nguyen lieu, nang cao chat luong gao xuat khau, phat trien thi trudng, phat trien thuong hieu gao, to chuc xuat khau, xuc tien xuat khau, phat trien nguon nhan luc Ben canh do, de tai dua nhung kien nghi doi vdi doanh nghiep, ngudi nong dan va Hiep hoi Luong thuc Viet Nam Nghien cuu, danh gia va so sanh ve nang luc canh tranh xuat khau gao cua Viet Nam vdi An Do la mot van de phuc tap, du tiep can theo cach nao thi cung kho co the danh gia duoc day du Thong qua, De tai nghien cuu, hy vong lam ro hon van de nang luc canh tranh xuat khau gao cua Viet Nam so vdi An Do 91 TAI LIE U THAM KHAO Tieng Viet yr •> r Bo Cong thuong (2011), De an Chien luac xuat nhap khau hang hoa thai ky 2011-2020, Ha Noi Bo Nong nghiep va Phat trien nong thon (2006), Thi truang tin dung nong thon va qua trinh da dang hoa san xuat nong nghiep, Bao cao thuoc chuong trinh ho tro quoc te ISG Bo Nong nghiep va Phat trien nong thon (2007), Tom luac cac chinh sach phat trien vung nguyen lieu linh vuc trot va huong de xuat thai gian tdi, Bao cao thuoc chuong trinh ho tro quoc te ISG Bo Nong nghiep va Phat trien nong thon (2008), Du thao Chien luac quoc gia phat trien lua gao dam bao an ninh luomg thuc den 2020, Ha Noi Bo Nong nghiep va Phat trien nong thon (2009), Chien luac phat trien nong nghiep nong thon giai doan 2011-2020, Ha Noi Bo Nong nghiep va Phat trien nong thon (3/2009), Dinh hudng thi truang va gia lua gao, Hoi thao thi truong nong nghiep, Tp Ho Chi Minh Bo Nong nghiep va Phat trien nong thon (12/2012), Chien luac phat trien khoa hoc va cong nghe nganh nong nghiep va phat trien nong thon giai doan 2013 2020, Ha Noi r ? yr Kim Quoc Chinh (2010), Phat trien hieu qua va ben vung san xuat lua gao d Viet Nam, luan an tien si tai Vien chien luoc phat trien, Bo Ke hoach va Dau tu, Ha Noi Pham Quang Dieu, Nguyen Trang Nhung (2009), “Thi truong xuat khau gao Viet Nam nam 2008 va xu huong phat trien nam 2009”, Tap chi Kinh te va Du bao, 2009 (l),tr 21-25 10 Nguyen Lan Dung (2013), Nong nghiep My: Mot mo hinh cong nghiep hoa hien dai hoa dien hinh, Ha Noi > yr 11 Tran Van Dat (2006), Khuynh hudng va du bao nhu cau lua gao den nam 2010, 2015, 2030, FAO, Rome Italy 92 12 Nguyen Thanh Hung (2004), Chien lucre xuat khau gao cua Thdi Lan, Bo Thuong Mai, Ha Noi 13 Ngo Thi Tuyet Mai (2006), Ndng cao sue canh tranh mot so mat hdng ndng san tai Dai hoc Kinh te quoc dan, Ha Noi 14 Tdng cue Thdng ke (2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011), Nien giam thong ke, Nha xuat ban Thong ke, Ha Noi 15 Tong cue Thong ke (12/2006), So lieu dieu tra ve dat ndng nghiep, lao dong, r r t r r may moc thiet bi, von va ket qua san xuat ndng nghiep, Ha Noi _ A 16 Ha Thi Ngoc Oanh (2004), Sue canh tranh cua hdng hoa dieu kien hoi nhap kinh te quoc te, Vien Nghien cuu quan ly kinh te Trung uong, Ha Noi 17 Nguyen Thanh Phong (2007), “Mot so giai phap phat trien xuat khau gao Viet Nam dieu kien gia nhap WTO”, Tap chi Kinh te va Phat trien, 2007 (12), tr 32-37 18 Tran Huynh Thuy Phuong (2013), “Xuat khau gao Viet Nam nam 2012 va dinh hudng nam 2013”, Tap chi Phat trien va hoi nhap, 2013, (19), tr 48-56 19 Vien dao tao Doanh nhan Viet, Tdi lieu tap huan ve chuoi gid tri, Du an Phat trien kinh te xa hoi co long ghep gidi 20 Vien Nghien cuu quan ly kinh te trung uong (2006), Tac dong cua hoi nhap KTQT den san xuat, che bien, tieu thu mot sd ndng san a Viet Nam: qua nghien cuu trudng hap che, cd phe va dieu, Nha xuat ban Ly luan chinh tri Tieng Anh 21 Agrifood Consulting International (2005), Agribusiness Development Support Project - India 22 Agrifood Consulting International (2006), Thailand rice value Chain Study, Bankok 23 Center for Agricultural Information, Ministry of Agriculture Comperatives, Thailand (2006), Rice Production Statistics, Bankok 24 Christian Ketels, 2010, Export competitive: Reserving the logic and 93 25 FAOSTAT Electronic Database (2005), Rice Basic Statistics of Thailand, Rome 26 FAO (2007), The State ofFood and Agriculture 2007, Rome 27 FAO (2008), The State of Food and Agriculture in Asian and the Pacific, Rome 28 FAO (2008), The State ofFood Insecurity in the World 2008, Rome 29 FAO Secretarials (2008), Agricultural Outlook 2008-2017, Rome 30 Michael E Porter (1990), The Competitive Advantage ofNations, Free Press, USA 31 Michael E Porter (1998), Competitive Strategy: Techniques for Analyzing Industries and Competitors, Free Press, USA 32 OECD - FAO (2012), Agricultural Outlook 2012-2021, Rome 33.2013 Foreign Agricultural Service [True tuyen], United States Department of Agriculture Dia chi: http://www.fas.usda.gov/psdonline/psdQuery.aspx [Truy cap: 15/07/2013] PHU LUC Phu luc 1: Dien tich, san luong va nang suat lua Viet Nam va An Do giai doan 2002-2012 Viet Nam Nam An Dq Dien tich (1000 ha) San luong (1000 tan) Nang suat (tan/ha) Dien tich (1000 ha) San lu’Q’ng (1000 tan) Nang suat (tan/ha) 2002 7.503 34.447 4,59 44.400 107.741 2,67 2003 7.451 34.569 4,64 42.400 132.808 3,13 2004 7.444 36.149 4,86 42.300 124.707 2,95 2005 7.328 35.833 4,89 43.400 137.699 3,17 2006 7.323 35.827 4,89 44.000 140.039 3,18 2007 7.211 35.993 4,99 43.770 145.050 3,31 2008 7.465 38.084 5,10 45.400 148.785 3,28 2009 7.415 39.989 5,39 41.850 133.648 3,19 2010 7.607 42.194 5,55 42.860 143.984 3,36 2011 7.740 43.443 5,61 44.100 157.981 3,58 2012 7.862 44.320 5,63 42.410 156.616 3,69 2013 (udc tinh) 7.800 44.320 5,68 43.500 157.516 3,62 Binh quan 7.512,42 38.764 5,15 43.365,83 140.547,8 3,26 Nguon: Tong hop tir so lieu cua Tong cu Thong ke Viet Nam, Bq Nong nghiep Hoa Ky - USDA va tinh toan cua tac gia Phu luc 2: Cac nuoc xuat khau gao ld’n tren the gidi giai doan 2002-2012 e r Dem vi: nghin tan Nudc 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 (udc tinh) An Dq 6.650 4.421 3.172 4.687 4.537 6.301 3.383 2.149 2.228 4.637 10.250 10.200 Viet Nam 3.245 3.795 4.295 5.174 4.705 4.579,97 4.745,07 5.968,76 6.894,17 7.116,62 7.717 7.400 Thai Lan 7.245 7.552 10.137 7.274 7.376 9.557 10.011 8.570 9.047 10.647 6.945 7.000 Pakistan 1.603 1.958 1.986 3.032 3.579 2.696 3.050 3.187 4.000 3.414 3.500 3.000 Hoa Ky 3.245 3.790 3.090 3.862 3.306 3.025 3.267 3.017 3.868 3.247 3.326 3.400 Trung Quoc 1.963 2.583 880 656 1.216 1.340 969 783 619 487 267 350 Brazil 29 19 37 272 291 201 511 591 430 1,296 1,105 850 Uruguay 526 675 804 762 812 734 742 926 808 841 1.056 900 Ai Cap 468 579 826 1.095 958 1.209 750 575 570 320 600 850 Campuchia 10 300 200 360 460 315 820 750 860 800 975 Myanmar 1.002 388 130 190 47 31 541 1,052 445 778 690 750 Cac quoc gia lai 1.838 1.770 1.596 1.753 1.915 1.788 1.291 2.810 1.910 3.872 3.908 2.652 Toan the gioi 27.814 27.540 27.253 28.957 29.102 31.922 29.575 29.398 31.569 36.221 39.060 38.327 Nguon: T6ng hop so lieu Tong cu Thong ke Viet Nam, Bq Nong nghiep Hoa Ky - USDA Phu luc 3: Thi phan cua cac nudc xuat khau gao I6*n giai doan 2002-2012 Don vi: % Niror 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 (iro’c tinh) An Dq 23,91 16,05 11,64 16,19 15,59 19,74 11,44 7,31 7,06 12,80 26,24 26,61 Viet Nam 11,67 13,78 15,76 17,87 16,17 14,35 16,04 20,30 21,84 19,65 19,76 19,31 Thai Lan 26,05 27,42 37,20 25,12 25,35 29,94 33,85 29,15 28,66 29,39 17,78 18,26 Pakistan 5,76 7,11 7,29 10,47 12,30 8,45 10,31 10,84 12,67 9,43 8,96 7,83 Hoa Ky 11,67 13,76 11,34 13,34 11,36 9,48 11,05 10,26 12,25 8,96 8,52 8,87 Trung Quoc 7,06 9,38 3,23 2,27 4,18 4,20 3,28 2,66 1,96 1,34 0,68 0,91 Brazil 0,10 0,07 0,14 0,94 1,00 0,63 1,73 2,01 1,36 0,00 0,00 2,22 Uruguay 1,89 2,45 2,95 2,63 2,79 2,30 2,51 3,15 2,56 2,32 2,70 2,35 Ai Cap 1,68 2,10 3,03 3,78 3,29 3,79 2,54 1,96 1,81 0,88 1,54 2,22 Campuchia 0,00 0,04 1,10 0,69 1,24 1,44 1,07 2,79 2,38 2,37 2,05 2,54 Myanmar 3,60 1,41 0,48 0,66 0,16 0,10 1,83 0,00 1,41 2,15 1,77 1,96 Cac quoc gia lai 6,61 6,43 5,86 6,05 6,58 5,60 4,37 9,56 6,05 10,69 10,01 6,92 Toan the gioi 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 L_ 100 - *—y ? Nguon: Tinh toan cua tac gia tir so lieu phu luc 100 100 100 Phu luc 4: Khoi Iirong va kim ngach xuat khau gao cua Viet Nam sang cac thi truong giai doan 2007-2011 2007 Viet Nam Khoi lirQng (1000 Gia tri (1000 USD) Khoi luyng (1000 Gia tri (1000 USD) llFQllg (1000 Khoi Gia trj lirpng (1000 (1000 USD) tan) tan) tan) Khoi 2011 2010 2009 2008 Gia tri (1000 USD) Khoi luong (1000 Gia trj (1000 USD) tan) tan) Chau My 484,03 186,72 546,55 442,12 494,03 206,73 595,67 260,01 28,21 17,52 Chau Au 69,93 24,76 173,21 98,34 241,66 103,83 155,47 69,10 104,28 55,03 Chau A 3278,36 1049,08 2522,45 1608,61 3211,12 1549,07 4222,07 2149,02 4722,91 2493,22 Trung Dong 60,50 19,26 270,85 142,96 250,46 105,90 356,84 155,62 111,92 63,12 Chau Phi 625,40 191,61 1171,22 571,04 1656,29 644,70 1457,44 562,82 1608,14 738,59 Chau Dai 37,25 11,21 51,08 27,24 89,67 43,18 86,39 42,49 80,17 43,42 24,50 7,55 9,72 5,63 25,54 12,65 20,30 10,45 460,98 248,36 4.579,97 1.490,18 4.745,07 2.895,94 5.968,76 2.666,06 6.894,17 3.249,50 7.116,62 3.659,27 Duong Thi truong khac rip A Tong Nguon: Bo Nong nghiep Hoa Ky - USDA
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