Luận văn chi trả dịch vụ môi trường rừng nghiên cứu trường hợp hai tỉnh sơn la và lâm đồng

LCH CAM DOAN Toi xin cam doan nhirng noi dung dugc viet bao cao la ban than thirc hien, khong chep, cat ghep cac bao cao hoac luan van cua ngircri khac; neu sai pham toi xin chiu ky luat vdi Nha trirong Ha Noi, 25 thang nam 2010 Nguyen Thi Nhien LOI CAM ON Trong qua trinh thuc hien luan van, em xin gui lai cam an chan den PGS,TS Le Thu Hoa, Truang khoa Moi truang va Do thi da het long chi bao va hudng dan em tiep can va thuc hien viec nghien curu van de chi tra dich vu moi truang Dong thai, em cung xin gui lai cam an tai ThS Vu Tan Phuong, Giam doc Trung tarn Nghien cuu Sinh thai va Moi truang rung, Vien Khoa hoc Lam Nghiep Viet Nam; cac thay, cac co giang day tai Khoa Moi truang va Do Thi da chia se cac thong tin, tai lieu bd ich phuc vu cho viec thuc hien de tai Cuoi cung, cho em gui lai cam an sau sac tai gia dinh, ban be, dong nghiep da chia se, giup da em suot qua trinh hoc tap va thuc hien de tai MUC LUC • • LCH CAM DOAN LOT CAM ON DANH MUC CAC CHU* VIET TAT DANH MUC BANG BIEU DANH MUC HINH, SO DO, BAN DO, BIEU DO, HOP TOM TAT LU AN VAN MdDAU CHUONG 1: CO SO LY LUAN VA THU*C TIEN VE CHI TRA DICH VU MOI TRUING RUNG 1.1 Quan niem chung ve rirng va gia trikinh te cua rung 1.1.1 Rung •> r 1.1.2 Tong gia tri kinh te cua rung 1.2 Dich vu moi trirong rirng va chi tra DVMTR 1.2.1 Dich vu moi truong rung 1.2.2 Chi tra dich vu moi truong rirng 1.3 Chi tra dich vu moi truong rirng voi to each la cong cu kinh te nham giai quyet van de ngoai irng 11 1.3.1 Ngoai ung tich cue cua hoat dong rirng 11 1.3.2 Nguyen tac nguoi duoc hudng loi phai tra (BPP) 12 1.4 Kinh nghiem thirc hien chi tra dich vu moi truong rirng o’ mot so quoc gia tren the gidi 1.5 14 Chinh sach chi tra dich vu moi truong rirng if Viet Nam 17 1.5.1 Gia tri cua rirng Viet Nam 17 1.5.2 Chinh sach thi diem chi tra dich vu moi truong rirng cua Viet Nam 20 1.6 Phuong phap va tieu chi danh gia chinh sach chi tradich vu moi trirong rirng 21 CHLONG 2: THLC TRANG AP DUNG THI DIEM CHI TRA DICH VU MOI TRLONG RUNG SON LA VA LAM DONG 23 2.1 Gioi thieu chung ve hai tinh Sou La va Lam Dong 23 2.1.1 Vi tri dia ly 23 2.1.2 Dac diem tu nhien 25 2.1.3 Ve dan toe, dan cu 26 2.1.4 Ve kinhte 27 2.1.5 Co so tang 28 2.1.6 Van hoa - xa hoi 29 2.1.7 Thue trang sur dung dat lam nghiep, quan ly bao ve va phat trien rung .29 2.2 Danh gia ket qua ban dau thuc hien thi diem chinh sach chi tra dich vu moi truong rirng tai Son La va Lam Dong 36 2.2.1 Thai gian, pham vi thuc hien chi tra 36 2.2.2 Ve to chuc, thuc hien 39 2.2.3 Ve each trien khai thuc hien chi tra va hieu lire thi hanh 44 2.2.4 Ve loai dich vu moi truong 50 2.2.5 Ve hinh thurc chi tra 51 2.2.6 Hieu qua kinh te 52 2.2.7 Hieu qua ve mat moi truong .55 2.2.8 Hieu qua ve mat xa hoi 57 2.3 Mot so khd khan, ton tai thu-c hien thi diem chi tra dich vu moi truong rung tai Sun La va Lam Dong va nguyen nhan 59 2.3.1 Ra soat dieu chinh giao dat, giao rung 59 2.3.2 Huong dan co che quan ly, sur dung tai chinh quy Bao ve va phat trien rung 61 2.3.3 Nguon thu dich vu moi truong rung 61 2.3.4 Ve viec cham chi tra tien DVMTR cho cac ho nhan khoan BVR 61 2.3.5 He thong van ban lien quan tdi chi tra DVMTR chua hoan thien 62 2.3.6 Quy dinh su dung tien chi tra DVMTR 62 CHU*ONG 3: GIAI PHAP HOAN THIEN VA NANG CAO HIEU QUA IHLC HIEN CHINH SACH CHI TRA DICH VU MOI IRLONG RUNG TAI SON LA VA LAM DONG 63 3.1 Can cir de xuat giai phap 63 3.1.1 Chlnh sach phat trien kinh te -xa hoi dia phuong den 2015 63 3.1.2 Chinh sach bao ve va phat trien rung Viet Nam 64 3.1.3 Cac van de va bai hoc rut tu qua trinh trien khai thi diem chi tra DVMTR tai Son La va Lam Dong .69 3.2 Cac giai phap hoan thien va nang cao hieu qua thu*c hien chinh sach chi tra DVMTR d Son La va Lam Dong 72 3.2.1 Doi vdi hai tinh Son La va Lam Dong 72 3.2.2 Doi vdi cac dia phuong trien khai theo ND 99 74 3.3 Mot so khuyen nghi 77 3.3.1 Doi vdi hai tinh Son La & Lam Dong 77 3.3.2 Doi vdi viec trien khai nhan rong mo hinh tai cac dia phuong khac tren toan quoc 78 KET LUAN 80 DANH MUC TAI LIEU THAM KHAO 81 DANH MUC CAC r a r Bieu 2.1 Co cau su dung dat lam nghiep phan theo cac loai rung cua tinh San La 31 Bidu dd 2.3 : Ty le phan tram ve so tien cac doanh nghiep da nop va lai Ddng nam 2010 Bieu 2.6 50 So sanh thu nhap cua cac diem nghien cuu truac va sau thuc hien chinh sach chi tra DVMTR 59 HOP Hop 2.1 Giam so vu vi pham lam luat trien khai chinh sach chi tra DVMTR 55 Hop 2.2 Kho khan soat dieu chinh giao dat, giao rung tai San La 60 70 > Ve soat giao dat, giao rirng Tir nhung khd khan viec soat giao dat, giao rirng cua ca hai tinh Son tich rirng da giao, cho thue hoac khoan bao ve rimg on dinh lau dai cho cac to chuc, ho gia dinh, ca nhan, cong ddng dan cu thon va tren cu sd xac dinh chinh xac timg loai hinh chu rimg hoac cac ho nhan khoan rimg kem theo cac thong tin vd dien tich rimg, loai rirng, ngudn goc hinh thanh, trang thai rirng > Ve cu che chi tra - So dich vu moi trudng han che duuc thuc hien chinh sach thi diem (dieu tiet nude, bao ve dat, va gia tri canh quan) giup giam rui ro cua su that bai thuc hien, lam cho chinh sach de doc phe duyet hun - Lam Ddng va Sun La chon ap dung mot muc chi tra cho tat ca cac khoan chi tra, chi dua vao dien tich, khong dua vao chat luung rirng hoac muc de doa Bui le he so K se cd the la nguyen nhan dan den su tranh cai ve tinh cong bang cua chinh sach, gay mau thuan Viec tiep can noi dung cua chinh sach chi tra DVMTR nhieu han che doi vdi cac ho gia dinh hau het cac ho gia dinh nhan khoan bao ve rimg la cac ho ngheo, ho dan toe thieu so d cac viing dac biet khd khan vdi trinh dan tri thap Ho muon su phan phdi chi tra bang tren mot don vi hec ta rimg duuc giao Tuy nhien, neu cac chi tra la hieu qua viec khuyen khich cac cong ddng khong chi giu rimg nguyen ven ma cai thien chat luung thong qua quan ly dat ben vung, thi he so K se duuc ap dung phu hup Do vay, mac dii viec tinh toan he so K la tren ket qua nghien cuu khoa hoc nhung cung can tinh den yeu to xa hoi, chinh tri va cudi cimg can cd su ddng thuan va ung ho cao cua cong ddng va nhtrng ngudi chi tra - Can tien hanh song song viec thu tien DVMTR vdi viec chi tra tien DVMTR cho cac ho gia dinh nhan khoan bao ve rirng bdi vi chinh sach chi tra DVMTR thuc hien thi cac chinh sach ve khoan bao ve rirng da cd het hieu luc nhu chuung trinh 661 Qua nhtrng vudng mac tir Sun La va Lam Ddng cho thay rang, viec chi tra chua kip thdi va phu hup se lam mat niem tin cua ngudi dan vao chinh sach cho dii chu truung va dinh hudng cua chinh sach la dung dan 71 - Lieu cac khoan chi tra DVMTR co nen dugc xem la khoan thu ngan sach va chung co nen thay the thue tai nguyen nuoc ma cac cdng ty thuy dien da phai chi tra hay khong Van de can phai dugc lam ro qua trinh trien khai theo ND 99 bdi le day dugc xem la mot nhung van de ma doanh nghiep rat quan tarn qua trinh thuc thi chinh sach > Vai tro cua cac nha khoa hgc, cac cap chinh quyen, to chuc quoc te, can bo ky thuat, cong dong dan cu viec xay dung va thuc hien chinh sach - Chia khoa cong cua cac nghien cuu dinh gia tai Lam Ddng la su tham gia cua can bo ky thuat cua nha may thuy dien Da Nhim viec thiet ke va thuc hien cac nghien cuu dinh gia de dam bao dua nhung cau hoi nghien cuu dung; va ket qua la hg cd the thdng tin cac ket qua den nhung nguoi quyet dinh mot each tot hon Day la mot cac bai hgc kinh nghiem cua cac dia phuong khac can hgc hoi de ap dung ddi voi tung dia phuong mot each phu hgp viec dinh gia gia tri DVMTR - Viec xay dung va thuc hien dung dan chinh sach thi diem chi tra DVMTR ddi hoi su hgp tac cua nhieu ben khac tir trung uong toi dia phuong Vi vay, cac co quan ky thuat tham muu khong phai luc nao cung hgp tac chat che va kip thdi, gay su cham tre viec thuc hien, dac biet la viec chuyen kinh phi cho tinh Ddng thdi, ngoai su phoi ket hgp nganh doc chinh sach thuc hien can phai cd su long nghep vdi nhieu chinh sach tren dia ban cac tinh nhu chuong trinh 661, 30a, de dem lai hieu qua nhat, tranh su chong cheo cua cac chinh sach - Viec xay dung co che quan ly can dugc su ho trg nhieu bdi su tham gia cua cac ho viec thiet ke, thuc hien va danh gia Kinh nghiem tu Lam Ddng cho r A A A thay rang, cac ben co lien quan d dia phuong de nghi rang chi tra thdng qua BQL giai quyet khieu nai lien quan toi chi tra DVMTR - Viec ho trg cua cac to chuc quoc te (GTZ tai Son La va ARBCP tai Lam Ddng) viec dua nhung kinh nghiem quoc te, ho trg ky thuat, tai chinh giup hai tinh xay dung de an thuc hien thi diem chinh sach chi tra DVMTR la mot 72 nhung yeu to cong viec thuc hien va rut nhung bai hoc kinh nghiem quy bau cho qua trinh thuc hien thi diem cung nhu nhan rong mo hinh > Co che khuyen khich Khen thuong va ky luat cung la mot van de mau chot de khuyen khich su tham gia, hudng ung cua cong dong viec thuc hien chinh sach, dong gop cho cong cua chinh sach Can phai xac dinh cac ca nhan, don vi tham gia va dong gop vao ket qua cua chinh sach d cac cap qua trinh thuc hien de khuyen khich va dong vien ho nham nang cao hieu qua cua chinh sach Dong thai vai khen thuong la ky luat cac don vi, ca nhan chua thuc hien tot chinh sach > Co che kiem tra, giam sat - Kiem tra, giam sat, danh gia qua trinh thuc hien chinh sach la mot \ r nhung van de quan trong viec rut nhung bai hoc kinh nghiem cung nhu viec a > r t • de nghi dieu chinh, bo sung chinh sach cho phu hap vdi tinh hinh thuc te - Mac du su tang tuan tra lam tang kha nang phat hien cac trudng hap vi pham don go trai phep d Lam Ddng va Son La, nhung toan bo he thong thuc thi phap luat nen duoc danh gia de xac dinh xac suat phat hien, xu ly cong, va hinh thuc xu phat ap dung cac trudng hap vi pham ma cd the dugc chung minh 3.2 Cac giai phap hoan thien va nang cao hieu qua there hien chinh sach chi tra DVMTR d Son La va Lam Dong ? r A r Co the thay rang, ben canh nhung bai hoc kinh nghiem, ket qua dat dugc, sau han hai nam trien khai thi diem chinh sach chi tra DVMTR cung la hang loat nhung x r van de khd khan, thach thuc dat ddi vdi viec trien khai nhan rong tren toan quoc r , Nhung giai phap de dudi day cho rieng hai tinh San La va Lam Ddng va giai phap chung cho cac dia phuong trien khai theo ND 99 3.2.1 Ddi vori hai tinh Son La va Lam Ddng 3.2.1.1 Dieu chinh giao dat giao rung Tir ket qua thuc hien thi diem chinh sach chi tra DVMTR tai San La va Lam Ddng thay rang khd khan ldn nhat la cong tac dieu chinh, soat giao dat, giao rung tai hai dia phuong Do vay, de hoan va lam dugc dieu UBND tinh San La va Lam Ddng can: 73 AZ A > Tang cuong ngudn luc thuc hien cong tac dieu chinh, soat giao dat, giao rung > Ung dung cong nghe thong tin viec thuc hien soat giao dat, giao rung viec cap nhat so lieu phan mem ho so giao dat, giao rung; cac ban dd ve giao dat, giao rung Tu mdi cd sd lieu cung nhu xac dinh chinh xac ten va dien tich cua cac chu rung hien dang thuc hien nhan khoan bao ve va quan ly rung > Tang cuong su ho tro va hop tac cua cac to chuc quoc te vide soat, dieu chinh giao dat, giao rung > Cong tac soat, dieu chinh giao dat, giao rung can phoi ket hop vdi Quy BV&PTR chi tra tien DVMTR cho cac chu rung, ngudi dan nhan khoan bao ve rung 3.2.1.2 Ve co che chinh sach a r a S Ca Lam Ddng va Son La can phai soat lai cac van ban lien quan den quan ly va bao ve rung va cac chuong trinh du an cd lien quan cua timg dia phuong -A A V UBND tinh Lam Ddng va Son La thdi gian tdi can tang cuong chu tri va chi dao viec thuc hien cac danh gia giua ky mot each nghiem tuc va minh bach tu dd cd the tim nhung giai phap ap dung phu hop cho tung dia phuong, vdi viec huy dong kinh phi tu nhieu ngudn khac viec tham gia vao qua trinh theo doi, danh gia chinh sach V UBND tinh Son La va Lam Ddng can cu the hoa viec quy dinh su dung tien chi tra doi vdi ngudi duoc chi tra tien DVMTR theo QD 380 va hien la ND 99 UBND tinh Son La va Lam Ddng xay dung va ban hanh quy che khen thudng va ky luat lien quan den chinh sach chi tra DVMTR vi day duoc xem la dong luc cung nhu gan trach nhiem cua cac doi tuong tham gia chinh sach thuc hien tot cac muc tieu ma chinh sach dat V UBND tinh Son La va Lam Ddng can cd hudng dan cu the co che quan ly, su dung tai chinh Quy bao ve va phat trien rirng J Ca hai tinh can day nhanh viec hoan tat cong viec theo QD 380 va tiep tuc trien khai chinh sach theo ND 99 74 3.2.1.3 Ve cong nghe thdng tin Cdng nghe thdng tin dugc xem la mot nhung cdng cu ho trg dac luc qua trinh thuc hien chinh sach chi tra DVMTR, nhien thdi gian thuc hien thi diem khoi lugng cdng viec ldn, lai la hai tinh thuc hien dau tien chinh sach vay van de cdng nghe thdng tin chua thuc su dugc chu trgng Trong thdi gian tdi de nang cao viec thuc hien chinh sach can ap dung cdng nghe thdng tin vao qua trinh thuc hien chinh sach vdi nhung giai phap cu the cho tinh: V Dua tren phan mem “Chi tra dich vu mdi trudng rung” PGS,TS Vuong Van Quynh, Trudng Dai hgc Lam nghiep Viet Nam thiet ke, tinh Lam Ddng va Son La can xem xet va ap dung phan mem viec dieu chinh, cap nhat thdng tin, xu ly du lieu xac dinh ddi tugng va so tien chi tra DVMTR cho phu hgp vdi tung dia phuong V Day manh viec su dung cdng nghe thdng tin viec soat, quy hoach rung cua cac tinh nhu phan mem mapinfo, ung dung GIS 3.2.2 Ddi vdi cac dia phuong trien khai theo ND 99 3.2.2.1 Ve tuyen truyen nang cao nhan thuc Tuyen truyen nang cao nhan thuc ve chinh sach chi tra DVMTR can phai thuc hien d tat ca cac cap chinh quyen tu trung uong tdi dia phuong, tdi tung ngudi dan, cac doanh nghiep, cac ddi tugng chi tra DVMTR De lam dugc dieu do, can cd nhung giai phap phu hgp - Bo NN&PTNT chu tri, phoi hgp vdi cac bo, nganh viec to chuc cac hoi thao tir trung uong tdi dia phuong ve y nghia, tarn quan trgng cua chinh sach chi tra DVMTR - Tuyen truyen tren cac phuong tien thdng tin dai chung nhu ti vi, bao, dai vdi cac phdng su de hieu ve nhung van de co ban cua chinh sach chi tra DVMTR - UBND cac tinh to chuc trien khai cac hoat dong hgc tap va tim hieu, ke thira cac kinh nghiem tir viec trien khai thuc hien chinh sach thi diem chi tra DVMTR tai Son La va Lam Ddng viec dao tao, nang cao nang luc quan ly, chuyen mon cho cac co quan, can bo quan ly va ky thuat viec to chuc va thuc hien chinh sach chi tra DVMTR 75 3.2.2.2 Ve cong tac giao dat, giao rung sach chi tra DVMTR la cong tac soat, dieu chinh va hoan thien giao dat, giao rirng De thuc hien tot van de nay, qua nhung khd khan viec trien khai tai Son La va Lam Dong thi UBND cac tinh can chi dao so NN&PTNT chu tri, phoi hop vdi cac sd, ban, nganh cua minh viec: r y r •> - Dua tren cac ket qua ve kiem ke rirng, quy hoach lai loai rung, tidn hanh soat, xac dinh cac lam phan rung phong ho, rirng dac dung, rirng san xuat (gom rirng tu nhien va rung trdng) theo tirng tinh - Ra soat, xac dinh hien trang dien tich rirng hien cd, dien tich rirng da giao, cho thue, khoan bao ve den lo theo loai rirng (phong ho, san xuat, dac dung), X yr nguon goc hinh rirng (rirng tu nhien va rirng trdng), trang thai rirng (giau, trung binh, ngheo, phuc hoi) cua cac tinh - Ra soat, xac dinh cac chu rirng, chu quan ly, xac dinh cac dien tich rirng can giao va ddi tuong cd nhu cau nhan khoan bao ve rirng thuoc chinh sach chi tra DVMTR cua cac tinh - Can cu hien trang tai nguyen rirng va nhu cau thuc tien ve giao va khoan bao ve rirng tai cac vimg thi diem de xay dung ke hoach giao rirng, khoan bao ve rirng on dinh lau dai (neu cd) 3.2.2.3 Hoan thien co che chinh sach Cd the noi viec thuc hien chi tra DVMTR theo QD 380 da dat dupe nhung cong nhat dinh va dupe danh gia la mot chinh sach tot, dem lai hudng di mdi quan ly rirng ben vung d Viet Nam, nhien nhung van de ton tai, nhung khd khan vudng mac ma ca hai tinh Son La va Lam Ddng gap phai la mot r y r y r nhung van de can luu tam Mot nguyen nhan chinh la he thdng co che chinh sach, cac van ban lien quan den QD 380 chua thuc su hoan thien, ddng bo nhu viec r r thieu cac van ban ve: (i) co che quan ly va sir dung quy tai chinh; (ii) quy trinh xem xet, phe duyet, va can ddi chi phi quan ly; (iii) cac vai trd va trach nhiem lien quan(chu rirng, ho, chinh quyen xa, huyen, va ngudi chi tra DVMTR) Do vay, giai phap quan trong viec hoan thien co che chinh sach la: 76 + Can phai soat lai toan bo cac van ban quy dinh ve quan ly va bao ve rung va cac chuong trinh du an co lien quan + Nang cao hoan thien co che chi tra DVMTR thong qua viec trao doi kinh r nghiem va tiep can vdi cac kinh nghiem tren the gidi r + UBND cap tinh ban hanh cac van ban quy dinh ve co che quan ly su dung quy bao ve va phat trien rung cap tinh cho phu hop vdi quy dinh chung va tinh dac thu cua timg dia phuong + UBND cac tinh can chu tri va thuc hien cac danh gia giua ky mot each nghiem tuc va minh bach tu dd cd the tim nhung giai phap ap dung phu hop cho timg dia phuong, vdi viec huy dong kinh phi tir nhieu ngudn khac viec tham gia vao qua trinh theo doi, danh gia chinh sach + UBND tinh xay dung va ban hanh quy che khen thudng va ky luat lien quan r r t den chinh sach chi tra DVMTR vi day duoc xem la dong luc de cac doi tuong tham gia chinh sach thuc hien tot cac muc tieu ma chinh sach dat a r 3.2.2.4 Ve xay dung quy bao ve va phat trien rung cap tinh Viec xay dung quy bao ve va phat trien rung la rat can thiet qua trinh quan ly va su dung tien chi tra dich vu moi trudng rung do, de viec xay dung quy va su dung quy that tot can phai lam: - Cac tinh can tien hanh lap quy va ban quan ly quy bao ve va phat trien rung theo Nghi dinh so 05/2008/ND-CP 14/01/2008 cua Chinh phu ve quy bao ve va phat trien rung - Dieu tra, khao sat nang luc va kinh nghiem quan ly tai chinh hien tai cua cac du A an (du an 661, du an thi diem quan ly rung cong ddng ) va cac ngan hang lien quan (ngan hang nong nghiep va phat trien nong thon, ngan hang chinh sach xa hoi) A A A X - Ben canh UBND tinh can ban hanh kem theo cac van ban ve Dieu le ve to chuc va hoat dong cua Quy BV&PT rung tinh; Thanh lap Hoi ddng quan ly Quy BV&PT rirng tinh 77 3.2.2.5 Ve hop tac quoc te Hop tac quoc te viec thuc hien chinh sach chi tra DVMTR duoc xem la mot nhtrng yeu to tao nen su cdng cua chinh sach Do vay, de huy dong duoc tdi da sir ho tro cua quoc te viec to chuc va trien khai thuc hien chinh sach thdi gian tdi nhung giai phap dua chu yeu: - To chuc cac hoi nghi tham van cua cac chuyen gia nham keu goi sir ho tro ' r •> r •> / ve ky thuat, tai chinh cua cac to churc quoc te viec trien khai va danh gia chinh sach - To chuc cac dot tham quan cho can bo quan ly, ky thuat cung nhu cac ddi tuqng chi tra DVMTR hoc tap kinh nghiem cua mot so nude da ap dung cdng chinh sach chi tra DVMTR 3.2.2.6 Cdng nghe thdng tin Cdng nghe thdng tin la mot nhung cdng cu ho tro dac luc viec lap va trien khai chinh sach chi tra DVMTR tai cac dia phuong Do do, de hoan thien va nang cao viec ung dung cdng nghe thdng tin viec chi tra dich vu mdi trudng rung can: + Dua tren phan mem “Chi tra dich vu mdi trudng rung” PGS,TS Vuong Van Quynh, Trudng Dai hoc Lam nghiep Viet Nam thiet ke, cac tinh can xem xet A A A va ap dung phan mem viec dieu chinh, cap nhat thdng tin, xu ly du lieu xac dinh ddi tuqng va so tien chi tra DVMTR cho phu hop vdi tung dia phuong + Su dung cdng nghe thdng tin viec soat, quy hoach rung cua cac tinh nhu phan mem mapinfo, ung dung GIS 3.3 Mot so khuyen nghi 3.3.1 Ddi vffi hai tinh Sffn La & Lam Ddng 3.3.1.1 Ddi vdi Son La - UBND tinh Son La chi dao cac so, ban nganh va chinh quyen dia phuong thuc, tarn quan va trach nhiem cua ngudi dan ddi vdi chinh sach chi tra DVMTR 78 - UBND tinh Son La chi dao cac don vi lien quan viec day nhanh tien chi tra cac khoan tien cho cac ho dan nhan khoan bao ve rimg, bdi le duoc xem la nguon thu nhap co ban cho cac ho dan, giup ho an tam bao ve va giu rimg - UBND tinh Son La chi dao va thuc hien tot viec trien khai hoan cac du an, dac biet la du an soat dieu chinh giao dat, giao rimg - De nghi to chuc GTZ tiep tuc ho tro tinh Son La ve mat tai chinh va ky thuat viec trien khai chinh sach chi tra DVMTR, nhat la cac du an soat giao dfit, giao rimg va dinh gia gia tri cua rung 3.3.1.1 Doi vdi Lam Dong - De nghi UBND tinh Lam Dong chi dao cac sd, ban nganh va chinh quyen dia phuong tiep tuc tuyen truyen, quan triet de nang cao nhan thuc cua nhan dan ve y r \ r nghia thiet thuc, tam quan va trach nhiem cua ngudi dan ddi vdi chinh sach chi tra DVMTR - Vdi nhung cong ban dau viec thuc hien chinh sach chi tra DVMTR, Lam Ddng se la noi chia se nhung thdng tin, kinh nghiem viec trien khai chinh sach ddi vdi cac dia phuong khac - De nghi td chuc quoc tre Winrock International tiep tuc ho tro tinh Lam Ddng ve ky thuat va kinh phi thuc hien chinh sach chi tra DVMTR 3.3.2 Ddi vdi viec trien khai nhan rong nto hinh tai cac dia phuong khac r tren toan quoc - De nghi vdi Bo nong nghiep va PTNT, Bo tai Chinh va cac bo, nganh TW sdm ban hanh cac van ban: > Thdng tu hudng dan Nghi dinh sd 05/2008/ND-CP 14/01/2008 cua A ~ f Chinh phu ve quy bao ve va phat trien rung Hudng dan Quy bao ve va phat trien r r rung cac cap thuc hien che quan ly va su dung nguon tai chinh cua Quy theo quy dinh > Van ban hudng dan thuc hien quyet toan tien chi tra DVMTR; noi dung su dung 10% kinh phi quan ly, 10% kinh phi quan ly cua cac chu rimg la td chuc, thu tuc quyet toan ; Cor che tra, kiem soat; thu tuc hd so thuc 79 hien chi tra dich vu moi truong rimg theo quy dinh tai Quyet dinh 380/QD-TTg 10/4/2008 cua Thu tuong Chinh phu > De nghi Bo Tai chinh hudng dan Quy bao ve va phat trien rung cac cap thuc hien che quan ly va su dung ngudn tai chinh cua Quy theo quy dinh - UBND cac tinh can chu va ban hanh cac van ban phap ly viec theo doi, kiem tra, giam sat, danh gia viec thuc hien chinh sach doi vdi cac dia phuong - UBND cac tinh can xem tap huan nang cao nhan thuc di trudc mot budc qua trinh thuc hien chinh sach - UBND tinh can thuc hien cac du an lien quan nhu giao dat, giao rimg, xac dinh gia tri moi trudng rung, xay dung co che quan ly mot each sdm nhat va dung tien - UBND cac tinh can thu hut va su ung ho cua cac to chuc quoc te viec ho tro ve mat tai chinh va ky thuat doi vdi dia phuong qua trinh trien khai chinh sach 80 KET LUAN r r Tren the gidi viec tiep can va thuc hien chi tra DVMTR rung da co tu lau vdi viec tiep can tren quan diem ngudi hudng cac dich vu tu rung cung cap phai chi tra, bdi hoan lai cho rung nhung gia tri ma rung dem lai Viet Nam nhung nam qua da va dang nd luc va cd gang tim nhung giai phap lau dai viec quan ly rung ben vung Chi tra dich vu mdi trudng rung la each tiep can mdi cua cac nha hoach dinh chinh sach tren co sd ke thira nhung kinh nghiem quoc te, su ddng gop cua nhieu nha khoa hoc, cac chuyen gia tren nhieu linh vuc nhu kinh te, xa hoi va mdi trudng va thuc tien budc dau trien khai chinh sach theo QD 380 duoc xem la hudng di dung va phu hop ddi vdi Viet Nam Nhung ket qua dat duoc tai Lam Ddng va Son La mdi chi la nhung khdi dong ban dau ca vdi cac nha hoach dinh chinh sach, cdn rat nhieu nhung van de dat ra, nhung kho khan va thach thuc cho viec trien khai chinh sach tren toan quoc Vdi mong muon viec thuc hien chinh sach chi tra DVMTR tai Son La va Lam Ddng la khuon mau cho viec trien khai chinh sach d toan quoc tdi lua chon de tai lam nghien cuu hy vong cd the giup duoc mot phan qua trinh dat duoc muc tieu quan ly rung ben vung ma chien luge phat trien nganh lam nghiep da de De tai mdi chi dung lai d tiep can chi tra DVMTR mot each tong quan nhat va thuc tien ap dung tai Lam Ddng va Son La Neu cd dieu kien de tai tiep tuc phat trien sau hon viec danh gia mot each toan dien hon chinh sach chi tra DVMTR tai Viet Nam 81 DANH MUC TAI LIEU THAM KHAO • • www.kiemlam.org.vn (2009), Vai net ve vai trd cua he sinh thdi rimg, Ban tin kiem lam so 3/2009 Chi cue kiem lam tinh Son La (2007), Bao cao ket qua thuc hien giao dat giao rimg tinh San La giai doan 2001 - 2006 Chinh phu nude cong hoa xa hoi chu nghia Viet Nam (2004), Luat bao ve va phat trien rimg 2004, Ha Noi Chinh phu nude cong hoa xa hoi chu nghia Viet Nam (2005), Luat bao ve mdi trudng 2005, Ha Noi Chinh phu nude cong hoa xa hoi chu nghia Viet Nam (2006), Nghi dinh so 23/2006/ND-CP 03/03/2006 ve “Huang dan thuc hien Luat Bao ve va Phat trien rimg ” Chinh phu nude cong hoa xa hoi chu nghia Viet Nam (2006), Quyet dinh so 186/2006/QD-TTg 14/8/2006 ve Quy che Quan ly rimg, Ha Noi Chinh phu nude cong hoa xa hoi chu nghia Viet Nam (2007), Nghi dinh so 48/2007/ND-CP 28/03/2007 ve “Nguyen tac va phuong phap xac dinh gid cac loai rimg”, Ha Noi Chinh phu nude cong hoa xa hoi chu nghia Viet Nam (2007), Quyet dinh so 18/2007/QD-TTg 05/02/2007 ve “Chien luac phat trien Lam nghiep Viet Nam giai doan 2006-2020”, Ha Noi Chinh phu nude cong hda xa hoi chu nghia Viet Nam (2008), Quyet dinh so 380/QD-TTg 10/4/2008 ve “Thi diem chinh sach chi trd dich vu mdi truang rimg”, Ha Noi 10 Chinh phu nude cong hoa xa hoi chu nghia Viet Nam (2010), Nghi dinh so 99/2010/ND-CP 24/09/2010 ve “Chi trd dich vu mdi trudng rimg ”, Ha Noi 11 Nguyen The Chinh (chu bien) (2003), Giao trinh Kinh te va Quan ly Mdi trudng, NXB Thdng ke, Ha Noi 12 Cue Thdng ke Lam Ddng (2010), Nien giam thong ke tinh Lam Ddng 2009, Ha Noi 82 13 Kien Cudng (2010), Chi tra dich vu moi truong rirng: Khong the lang tranh trach nhiem, www.baomoi.com.vn [10/03/2010; 10:00] 14 Kien Cuong, Tri Ngan (2010), Chi tra dich vu moi trudng rung: Qua hay nhung kho nhan rong, www.nongnghiep.vn [25/6/2010, 10:11] 15 Hoang Minh Ha, Pham Thu Thuy va mot so ngudi khac (2008), Chi tra dich vu moi trudng: Kinh nghiem va bai hoc d Viet Nam, NXB Thong tan, Ha Noi 16 Hoang Minh Ha, Nguyen Hoang Quan, Van Noord Wijk, M va Leimona Beria (2009), Den dap, su dung va chia se dau tu chi tra dich vu moi trudng vi ngudi ngheo (PUPES) - Mot thu nghiem d Viet Nam, Ban tin FSSP, Ban tin noi bo (Sd 26-27), tri3 17 Binh Minh (2010), Chi tra dich vu mdi trudng rung: Chua thuc su san sang, www taichinhdientu vn[9/03/2010, 3:45] 18 Ngan hang the gidi va Tong cue Lam nghiep, Bo Nong nghiep va Phat trien Nong thon Viet Nam (2010), Bao cao ket qua cuoi cung “Danh gid moi trudng chien lucre so bo doi vdi quy hoach tong the phat trien va bao ve rimg cua Viet Nam giai doan 2010-2020 ”, Ha Noi 19 James Peter, Nguyen Chi Thanh, Nguyen Thi Bich Thuy (2009), Thi diem chi tra dich vu moi trudng rung d tinh Lam Ddng, Ban tin FSSP, Ban tin noi bo (Sd 26-27), tr9 20 Nguyen Tuan Phu (2009), Vai tro cua chinh phu viec xay dung va thuc hien chinh sach chi tra dich vu mdi trudng rung, Ban tin FSSP, Ban tin noi bo (Sd 26-27), tr5 21 Vu Tan Phuong, Tran Thj Thu Ha (2006), Ket qua nghien cuu “Luong gid gid tri kinh te mdi trudng va dich vu mdi trudng cua mot sd loai rimg chu yeu d Viet Nam ”, Ha Noi 22 Vu Tan Phuong (2006), Bao cao ket qua nghien cuu “Dinh gid rimg d Viet Nam ”, Ha Noi 23 Vu Tan Phuong (2009), Ve chi tra dich vu mdi trudng rung d Viet Nam, Ban tin FSSP, Ban tin noi bo (Sd 26-27), tr2 83 24 Pham Xuan Phuong (2009), Xay dung nghi dinh cua chinh phu ve chi tra dich vu moi trudng rirng, Ban tin FSSP, Ban tin noi bo (So 26-27), tr5 25 So Nong nghiep va Phat trien Nong thon, Uy ban Nhan dan tinh Son La r \ r (2008), Bao cao ket qua du an “Rd soat, dieu chinh va hoan thien giao dat, giao rimg”, 2008 26 So Nong nghiep va Phat trien Nong thon, Uy ban Nhan dan tinh Son La (2008), Bao cao ket qua du an “Xac dinh gid tri moi trudng rimg”, 2008 27 Tong cue Thdng ke (2010), Nien giam thdng ke 2009, NXB Thdng ke, Ha Noi 28 Thanh, T.K (2008), Gid tri cua rimg ve bao ve nude va kiem soat xoi Id d lieu vuc Da Nhim, tinh Lam Ddng, Ho Chi Minh 29 Thanh, T.K (2009), Bao cao cuoi cung Danh gid kinh te vi mo tinh Lam Ddng, Ho Chi Minh 30 Thanh, T.K (2010), Bao cao cuoi cung Khao sat kinh te xa hoi de danh d tinh Lam Ddng, Ho Chi Minh 31 Nguyen Cdng Thanh, (2007), Chi tra cho dich vu mdi trudng (PES) va ngheo doi - Nhung kinh nghiem quoc te, Tap chi Kinh te mdi trudng, Hoi Kinh te mdi trudng Viet Nam, Ha Noi 32 Viet Trong (2008), Chi tra dich vu mdi trudng rung Lam Ddng: Ai tra, dupe nhan?, www.monre.gov.vn [27/8/2008, 15:49] 33 Trung tarn ngudi va thien nhien (2010), Ve chinh sach chi tra dich vu mdi trudng rimg, ww nature, org vn, [10/4/2010] 34 UBND tinh Lam Ddng (2008), Ke hoach hanh dong bao ton da dang sinh hoc tinh Lam Ddng giai doan 2008-2010, Da Lat, Lam Ddng 35 UBND tinh Sun La (2008), Quyet dinh so 2188/QD-UBND 08/9/2010 vd viec phe duyet Quy hoach bao ve va Phat trien rimg tinh Son La den nam 2015 va dinh hudng 2020, Sun La 36 UBND tinh Lam Ddng (2008), Quyet dinh so 3472/QD-UBND 24/12/2008 ve viec Phe duyet de an Bao ve va Phat trien Lam nghiep tinh Lam Ddng den nam 2020, Lam Ddng 84 37 UNEP va UNDP (2008), So tay long ghep cac moi lien he gitra doi ngheo, moi trudng vdi quy hoach phat trien: Sach hudng dan ngudi thuc hien, Ha Noi 38 Vien Khoa hoc Lam nghiep Viet Nam (2008), So tay nganh lam nghiep, NXB Thdng ke, Ha Noi 39 Vien Khoa hoc va Lam Nghiep Viet Nam, Trung tam Nghien cuu Sinh thai va Mdi trudng rung (2010), Ket qua Khoa hoc Cong nghe ve Sinh thdi va Mdi trudng rimg 2000-2010, NXB Nong nghiep, Ha Noi 40 Winrock International (2010), Bao cao ket quan nghien cuu Chi trd dich vu mdi trudng rimg: Nghien cicu trudng hop thi diem d tinh Lam Ddng, Viet Nam tic nam 2006 den nam 2010, Ho Chi Minh