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Q j: O) >J BO GIAO DUC VA DAO TAO TRUONG DAI HOC KINH TE QUOC DAN PHAM THI THANH TRANG TANG CtfONG SIT THANI GIA CUA CONG DONG aS » VAO QUAN Lf HE THONG CONG TRINH THUY LUI HO DAM BAI TINH HOA BINH LEAN VAN THAC SY KINH TE o • BO GIAO DUC VA DAO TAO TRUdNG DAI HOC KINH TE QUOC DAN *&* TRUNGTAM THONG TIN THG VIEN PHAM THI THANH TRANG DE TAI: TANG CUdNG SU THAM GIA CUA CONG DONG VAO QUAN LY HE THONG CONG TRINH THUY LOI HO DAM BAI TINH HOA BlNH LUAN VAN THAC SY KINH TE Chuyen nganh: Kinh te phat trien DA1 HOCKTQD _ trung|Wi-,\ thong tin THJ VIEN NGUdI HUdNG dAn KHOA HOC: PGS, TS PHAM VAN VAN Ha noi, 2006 LVCH Khoa 11 - DHKTQD HN JZo’i earn on ! Ldi cam on dau tien, xin bay to long biet on sau sac nhat den thay PGS.TS Pham Van Van, nguoi da danh nhicrnu thoi gian, tam huyet htfdng dan toi hoan luan van Tac gia xin chan cam on cac thay co giao khoa Sau Dai Hoc, cac thay co giao Kioa Ke hoach va Phat trien cua TfaROiyg Dai Hoc Kinh te Quoc dan da tan tinh giup va truyen dat kien thtfc suot thoi gian toi hoc cao hoc cung nhl qua trinh thtfc hien luan van Tac gia chan cam on cac thay co giao thuoc bo mon Kinh be co so- Khoa Kinh te trudng Dai hoc Thuy loi - noi toi dang cong tac da tao moi dieu kien thuan loi de toi dioc theo hoc tai trtfdng Dai hoc Kinh te Quoc dan va giup rat nhieu suot thoi gian hoc tap va thtfc hien luan van LOi cam on sau cung muon xin dioc gCi toi cha, me, anh chi va ban be da dong vien ve tinh than va vat chat de tac gia dat dioc ket qua hom Pham thi Trang ii LVCH Khoa 11 - DHKTQD HN danh muc • cAc cum • Tl' A ir! tAt PIM Quan ly tudi co su tham gia cua cong dong hudng loi IMT Chuyen giao quan ly tudi ADB Ngan hang phat trien Chau a BCR Chi tieu ty 10 loi fch - Chi phi IRR Chi tieu ty le noi hoan WB Ngan Hang The gidi FAO To chuc nong luong quoc te WUA To chuc dung nudc Bo NN&PTNT Bo Nong nghiep va Phat trien nong thon KTCTTL Cong ty khai thac cong trinh thuy loi HTXDV Hop tac xa dich vu TCDN To churc dung nudc HTXNN Hop tac xa nong nghiep HTX DV NN Hop tac xa dich vu nong nghiep Pham thi Trang iii LVCH Khoa 11 - DHKTQD HN MUC LUC • • Trang bia i Danh muc cac cum tU viet tat ii iii Muc luc iv Ldi cam dn MO DAU I Tinh cap thiet cua de tai II Muc dich nghien cdu III IV Doi tugng va pham vi nghien cdu Phuong phap nghien cuu 3 V Dong gop cua luan van VI Ket cau cua luan van ChuongI , 7, Z Z Z X z CO SO LY LUAN VE QUAN LY CAC CONG TRINH THUY LOI CO SU zx THAM GIA CUA CONG DONG I■1 Khai niem ve cong trinh thuy lgi 11.1 Cong trinh dang nudc 11.2 Cong trinh dieu chinh dong chay 11.3 Cong trinh dan nudc 1.2 Quan ly he thong cong trinhthuy lpi 1-2.1 Muc tieu quan ly he thong cong trinh thu# lgi 12.2 Noi dung quan ly he thong cong trinh thu# lgi 12.3 Mo hinh quan ly he thong cong trinh thu# lgi 10 13 Sy can thiet tham gia cua cong dong vao quan ly he thong cong 15 trinh thuy lgi 13.1 Sy tham gia cua cong dong 15 13.2 Sy can thiet tham gia cong dong vao quan ly he thong thu# lgi 22 14 Kinh nghiem cua nudc ngoai ve sy tham gia cua cong dong vao quan ly he thong cong trinh Thuy lgi va bai hoc kinh nghiem cho 24 Viet Nam 14.1 Kinh nghiem cua nudc ngoai ve sy tham gia cua cong dong vao 24 quan ly he thong cong trinh Thuy lgi 14.2 Bai hoc kinh nghiem cho Viet Nam Pham thi Trang IV 31 LVCH Khoa 11 - DHKTQD HN Chuang II 34 THUC TRANG QUAN LY HE THONG THUY L0I HO DAM BAI 34 II Gidi thieu ve cong trinh 34 II 1.1 Bieu kientijnhien-kinh te-xa hoi vung diran 34 II 1.2 Cong trinh thuy loi Ho Bam Bai 37 II 1.2 Muc tieu - nhiem vu cua he thong 40 IL2 Hien trang quan ty he 40 11.2.1 Hif n trang ve c6ng trinht^ci Bam Bai cu che chinh sach 40 Hien trang to churc quan ty 11.2.2 42 II.3 Ba gia hieu qua cua cong trinh 50 11.3.1 Hieu qua ki-n te 50 21.3.2 Hieu qua xa toi co-g ttint mxng lai 51 11.3.3 Tint tint ttu ttuy lci ptf 52 II Danh gia chung 54 Chuang III X Z zx X GIAI PHAP TANG CUONG SU THAM GIA CUA CONG DONG VAO z zxz zx ZX X zx zx- x Oy QUAN LY HE THONG CONG TRINH THUY LOI HO DAM BAI III Ill 1.1 Casdkhoa hocdexuatmdhinh PIM Xu the quan ty thuy nong tren the gid giao quan ty lirdi va ban chah tham gia cua cong dong III 1.2 III 1.1 Ith loi va cac tac dong viec tang cirdng sic tham gia cua cong doig ttmg quai ty tiki - mo tiit PIM III 1.1 Sic can thitt'h phai chuyen giao he thong thuy lchi ho Bam Bai III.2 Dih xuah mo hinh quan ly cho he thong cong trinh ttuy IdBam Bai 59 59 60 61 65 70 1112.1 Lira chon mo hinh 70 1112.2 Muc tieu va high qua can dat dirac cua mo hinh 70 111.2.3 1112.3 1113 Mo hinh de xuat cxa luan van Quan ty khai thac he thong cong trinh cua to chCcc dung nirccc Trinh ttr chuyen giao mo hinh cho lie thong thiiy ndng khu vice ho 71 74 82 BBm BBi 111.3.1 Gia i doah chuan b i(Gia idoad ) 82 111.3.2 Gixi doai ctuyei gixo (Gixi dom 2) 86 1113.3 GXa i doah ki£m tra, dath gia va dieh ^tiinh hoat dong (GXai doah ) Pham thi Trang V 87 LVCH Khoa 11 - DHKTQD HN III 87 Nam noi chung III Xay dung hoan thien chinh sach va quan ly thu$ nong tinh 87 III 4.2 To churc quan ly cua tinh Hoa Binh 91 111.4.3 Vai tro va su tham gia cua chinh quyen cac cap tinh 91 111.4.4 Tang cirdng nang luc can bo, phat huy vai tro cua mang lircti PIM 91 111.4.5 To chdc thuc hien va giam sat, danh gia chien liuqc toan dien ve 92 PIM III.4.6 m.4.7 Trach nhiem danh gia giam sat 93 Huy dong va phan bo ke hoach von thuc hien cho cac du an mdi, 94 sda chtfa 95 KET LU AN TAI LIEU THAM KHAO PHU LUC A - BAN DO HANH CHINH TINH HOA BINH A a'* X AV * , X B - MOT SO HINH ANH VE SDXUONG CAP CONG TRINH S c - TINH TOAN CAC CHI TIEU KINH TE CUA DU'AN Z Pham thi Trang Z 7A Vi Az7 , z LVCH Khoa 11 - DHKTQD HN MO DAU I TINH CAP THIET CUA DE TAI Viet Nam hien co 75 he thong thuy loi vira va ldn va hang nghin he thong thuy loi nho, co 4243 ho chtia cac loai, 1017 dap dang, 4172 cong tudi tieu va 1970 tram bom cac loai phuc vu tudi on dinh cho dien tich tren 6.600.000 De quan ly cac he thong thuy loi noi tren chung ta da phai su dung 130 doanh nghiep Nha nudc khai thac cong trinh thuy loi, chua ke cac Tram, Ban quan ly khai thac cong trinh thuy loi doc lap; tren 10.000 to chtic hop tac xa nong nghiep lam dich vu tudi tieu cac he thong thuy loi ldn va vii'a va tren 2.000 to chuc hop tac thuc hien chtic nang "cau noi" giua to chuc doanh nghiep, chinh quyen dia phuong va cac ho nong dan viec cung cap nudc, thuc hien cac chu truong co che chinh sach, phap luat ve khai thac cong trinh thuy loi Thuc te hien nay, cac hoat dong quan ly khai thac cong trinh thuy loi tren van nhieu ton tai, nhu: To chuc quan ly cong kenh, kem hieu luc nha't la moi quan he giua cac doanh nghiep Nha nudc khai thac cong trinh thuy loi vdi cac to chuc hop tac, cac ho dung nudc khac Viec su dung nudc lang phi, tien Ngudi dan nhieu noi van y lai Nha nudc dau tu quan ly van hanh tu bao duong, khong chiu tra thuy loi phi, nguon ngan sach Nha nudc cap cho van de tu bao duong, van hanh cong trinh rat han hep nen nguon thu khong du dap ting cac yeu cau chi phi sua chua, nang cap cong trinh, dan den he thong cong trinh bi dan xuong cap, hu hong nho hu hong ldn phat huy hieu qua chua cao Thuc te' tren cung da duoc tac gia luan van tien hanh nghien ciiu cu the cho he thong thuy loi ho Dam Bai co quy mo vua va nho He thong cong trinh Ho Dam Bai duoc xay dung tren suoi Bang thuoc xa Phu Minh huyen Ky Son cach thi xa Hoa Binh 20Km ve phia Bac, khu vuc huong loi gom xa: Hop Thanh, Hop Thinh va Phu Minh nam o bd phai Song Da va chay doc theo bd song Da khoang Km ve phia Bac va luu cua Thuy dien Hoa Binh Nhiem vu chinh la tru nudc de tudi cho 563ha da't canh tac, cong trinh cap nudc va phan pho'i nudc mdi hoan thien den kenh cap va da dua vao khai thac va su dung nam 1993, qua 12 nam hoat dong mac du da dem lai hieu qua kinh te', xa hoi va moi trudng cho vung huong loi nhung thuc su he thong chua phat huy het duoc hieu qua nhu thiet ke' ban dau Qua thu thap, khao sat va Phom thi Trang LVCH Khoa 11 - DHKTQD HN dieu tra, tac gia co mot so danh gia hien trang he thong thuy nong khong dam bao thiet ke: - He thong cong trinh xay dung khong dong bo th dau moi den mat ruong, murc dau tu thap, muc dam bao thap, cong nghe lac hau, chi phi tu sua bao duong khong du, nen nang luc phuc vu san xuat han che; - Cac tai lieu dieu tra duoc thong ke cho tha'y muc khai thac tudi moi dat duoc 56,5% nang luc thiet ke; - Thuy loi phi thu duoc mdi chi dap ung duoc khoang 35-40% tong chi phf van hanh va sua chua thubng xuyen; - He thong to chuc quan ly la cong ty khai thac cong trinh thuy loi (KTCTTL) Hoa Binh, da so he thong to chuc van theo loi cu, lac hau, quan he san xuat hien da thay doi, do gay nhieu kho khan cho viec dieu hanh lap ke hoach tudi, quy trinh van hanh, cac giai phap ky thuat de van hanh, ke hoach dung nudc, cua he thong; - Cong dong nguoi huong loi chua quan tam den viec xay dung, van hanh va quan ly cong trinh Nhieu nong dan thuoc xa chua hieu het duoc y nghia cua viec dong gop thuy loi phi Ho coi cong trinh thuy loi tren dong ruong la cua Nha nudc chU khong phai la tai san chung cua cong dong Dung trudc nhung thuc trang tren, Nha nudc da co chu truong ve nong dan tham gia xay dung va quan ly cong trinh thuy loi theo hinh thuc ”Nha nudc va nhan dan cung lam” hoac “Dan lam la chinh” The hien cu the cua la Nghi dinh so 06 cua Bo Chinh tri 10/11/1998 Ve mot so van de phat trien nong nghiep nong thon da khang dinh “Can co chinh sach khuyen kich nhan dan tham gia dau tu quan ly, khai thac cong trinh thuy loi” Nghi quyet so 15 NQ/TW 18/3/2002 cua Ban chap hanh Trung uong Dang (Hoi nghi lan thu 5, khoa IX) khang dinh “Phat trien to chuc hop tac dung nudc va quan ly thuy nong cua nong dan” Ngay 4/4/2001, Chu tich Quoc hoi nudc CHXHCN Viet Nam da ky ban hanh “Phap lenh khai thac va bao ve cong trinh thuy loi” da tao hanh lang phap ly cho PIM (Quan ly tudi co su tham gia cua cong dong huong loi) phat trien va to chuc mang ludi PIM (VNPIM) o Viet Nam da duoc lap Mac du Nha nudc da co chu truong, nhung thuc te qua trinh thuc hien mo hinh PIM gap rat nhieu kho khan chua co nhung nghien cuu mot cach he thong ve viec xay dung, su dung va quan ly cac cong trinh co su tham gia cua cong dong ngudi huong loi, muc tham gia xay dung va quan ly cong trinh Pham thi Trang LVCH Khoa 11 - DHKTQD HN Xuat phat th nhung van de tren, luan van tien hanh nghien cu'u de tai “Tang cudng su tham gia cua cong dong vao quan ly he thong cong trinh thuy loi ho Dam Bai - tinh hoa Binh” Day la nghien cu'u diem, mang tinh dai dien cho he thong cong trinh thuy loi vha va nho d nudc ta, cac ket qua nghien cu'u la tien de de phat trien mot nen nong nghiep tien tien hien dai Luan van da the hien rat ro tinh cap thiet, can duoc nghien cu'u giai doan hien II MUC DICH NGHIEN ctfu - Danh gia thuc trang quan ly cua he thong cong trinh thuy loi ho Dam Bai - De xuat mo hinh quan ly tudi co su tham gia cua ngudi nong dan cho he thong thuy loi ho Dam Bai - Mo hinh to chUc, hoat dong, phuong an trien khai va dieu kien ap dung co hieu qua cua mo hinh PIM d ho Dam Bai va d Viet Nam III DOI TDONG VA PHAM VI NGHIEN CQu - Doi tuwng nghien cftu: Thuc trang quan ly va hoat dong cua he thong cong trinh Thuy loi ho Dam Bai - Pham vi nghien cuut: Khu vuc hudng loi he thong cong trinh: Vung Phu Cudng bao gom xa: Phu Ninh, Hop Thinh, Hop Thanh IV PHUONG PHAP NGHIEN cUu De hoan duoc noi dung nghien cu'u dudi day, luan van da su dung mot so phuong phap nghien cu'u sau: - Thu thap, phong van, thong ke, tong hop va phan tich cac tai lieu lien quan tdi cong tac quan ly cua he thong Dam Bai; - Phuong phap danh gia hieu qua nhanh kinh te co su tham gia cua ngudi nong dan (PRA); - Cac mo hinh quan ly tudi co su tham gia cua ngudi dan da duoc Ung dung cong d mot so nudc tien tien tren the gidi; - De xuat mo hinh quan ly tudi co su tham gia cua ngudi hudng loi (PIM) Pham thi Trang LVCH Khoa ll - DHKTQD HN PIM", hoi thao, tap huan, doi thoai, truyen tin qua bao chi, dai phat thanh, dai truyen hinh, coi day la viec lam thudng xuyen cua nganh Dam bao 100% can bo tham gia cong tac quan ly khai thac cong trinh thuy lqi co kien thdc ve thuy lqi va nhan thdc day du ve vai tro cua PIM Tang cudng nang luc hoat dong cho Van phong mang ludi VNPIM thong qua cac du an trq giup ky thuat tang cudng nang luc, mo rong pham vi hoat dong cua mang ludi PIM, cai tien to chdc cac hoat dong, lien ket vdi INPIM, cac to chdc khac de tiep nhan tai lieu, chia se cac kinh nghiem thuc hien PIM tren co so lap mot don vi chuyen trach co tu cach phap nhan co du kha nang bien soan tai lieu va to chdc hudng dan linh vuc PIM lam duqc chdc nang tu van ve PIM cua cac du an dau tu giup VNPIM lam tot chdc nang quan ly Nha nudc ve PIM PIM cua cac to chdc III.4.5.1 Phan cong nhiem vu: PIM phai duqc to chdc thuc hien trudc mot budc so vdi thiet ke' va xay dung de ngudi dung nudc co co hoi tham gia dong gop y kien th khau quy hoach, thiet ke den khau quan ly, khong nen de den hoan cong trinh xong mdi lap to chdc theo hudng PIM Vi vay can co su phan cong, phan cap de thuc hien PIM Bo Nong nghiep va Phat trien nong thon co chdc nang quan ly Nha nudc chi dao, don doc kiem tra cac dia phuong thuc hien tot chien luqc phat trien ve PIM, ban hanh cac chinh sach ve PIM, IMT pham vi quyen han cua minh de thuc day su phat trien cua PIM Bo Tai chinh, Bo Xay dung va cac bo khac co lien quan se phoi hqp vdi Bo Nong nghiep va Phat trien nong thon viec chuan bi va ban hanh cac chinh sach/hudng dan hd trq thuc hien PIM bao gom ca cac quy dinh ve tai chinh, dinh mdc chi phi Uy ban nhan dan cac Tinh co trach nhiem chi dao viec thuc hien PIM theo chien luqc cua nganh duqc Tinh pham vi cua dia phuong, co chinh sach phu hqp vdi dieu kien cu the cua dia phuong, kien nghi nganh de giai quyet nhung kho khan, trd ngai thuc hien PIM IIL.4.5.2 Giam sat thuc hien: * Muc tieu giam sat: Giam sat thuc hien chien luqc phat trien toan dien PIM nham kiem tra, xem xet va chi dao kip thdi cac dia phuong thuc hien PIM theo dung dinh hudng chien luqc da de ra, dat duqc nhung muc tieu mong muon la Pham thi Trang 92 LVCH Khoa 11 - DHKTQD HN nang cao trach nhiem cua ngudi dan viec khai thac hieu qua va ben vung tai nguyen nudc va cac cong trinh thuy lqi * He thong cac chi tieu giam sat, danh gia: De co su giam sat, danh gia tot viec thuc hien chien luqc phat trien cac mo hinh PIM, nganh Nong nghiep va Phat trien nong thon phai xay dung duqc mot he thong chi tieu de danh gia ket qua thuc hien chien luqc phat trien PIM, giup cac dia phuong va cac co quan chuyen mon co co sd danh gia mot cach day du ket qua dat duqc - Cac chi tieu danh gia ket qua: Ket qua thuc hien chien luqc PIM can phai the hien duqc d mot so chi tieu sau day: + So' luqng, chat luqng cua to chdc PIM; + Ngudi dan thuc su tham gia quan ly khai thac cong trinh thuy lqi thong qua cac noi dung ve quy hoach, thiet ke, xay dung, von, O&M; + Hieu qua khai thac cua cac cong trinh thuy lqi; + Viec ban hanh cac co che', chinh sach ve PIM, thuc thi cac co che', chinh sach da ban hanh; + Hieu qua kinh te, tinh ben vung sau co to chdc PIM hoat dong; - Cac chi tieu theo doi va danh gia nguon luc dau vao cua chien luoc: duqc the hien d cac chi tieu sau: + Co che chinh sach: Trung uong va dia phuong da co nhung chinh sach thuc day phat trien PIM nhung chua dam bao duqc tinh ben vung; + Ke hoach, chuong trinh trien khai thuc hien cac mo hinh thi diem cua Trung uong va dia phuong; + Mdc tham gia cua ngudi dan vao chuong trinh - Cac chi tieu danh gia anh hudng cua tung giai doan cua chuang trinh chien luac: + Su chuyen doi ve nhan thdc cua can bo, ngudi dan; + Tac dong cua chuong trinh PIM do'i vdi ket qua san xuat, ddi song ngudi dan; + Cac van de khac lien quan tdng giai doan III.4.6 Trach nhiem danh gia giam sat III.4.6.1 Cue ThuU loi: Hi co quan quan ly Nha nudc do'i vdi cong tac quan ly khai thac cong trinh thuy lqi, duqc giao lam chdc nang tham dinh cac du an dau tu sua chua nang cap, khoi phuc cong trinh thuy lqi, co trach nhiem giup Bo pho'i hqp vdi cac co quan lien quan nhu Bo Ke hoach va Dau tu, Bo Tai chinh va cac co quan lien quan thuoc Bo Nong nghiep va Phat trien nong thon Pham thi Trang 93 LVCH Khoa 11 - DHKTQD HN soan thao, de xuat, ban hanh cac co che chinh sach ve PIM cho phu hop vdi cac ke hoach dau tu Trong qua trinh tham dinh xet duyet dau tu chi dao dia phuong thuc hien co che dau tu gan vdi cam ket phat trien PIM tren dia ban khong phe duyet dau tu chua co phuong an cai tien to chuc quan ly to't theo hudng PIM.Thuc hien viec kiem tra, don doc viec cu the hoa chien luoc ve PIM, thuc hien chuong trinh PIM tren dia ban III.4.6.2 VNPIM: la to chiic PIM sau da du
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