Tăng cường quản lý xuất nhập khẩu tiểu ngạch qua cửa khẩu tân thanh lạng sơn

?U0NG DA! HOC KINH TE QUOC DAN ■ • ■ ■ ■ so po (JJ gq DOAN BICH HANH * TANG CUttNG QUAN LT XUAT NHAP KHAU TIEU NGACH QUA QUA KHAU TAN THANH - LANG SUN LUAN VAN THAC St KINH TE • * ILA MM AV VI 2011 • LOI CAM DOAN Toi xin cam doan day la cong trinh nghien cou khoa hoc, doc lap cua rieng toi Cac so lieu su dung luan van co nguon goc ro rang Toi xin chan cam on! HOC VIEN Doan Bich Hanh i MUC LUC Muc luc Danh muc cac chir viet tat v Danh muc bang bieu vi Danh muc hinh vc vi MO DAU Tinh cap thiet cua de tai Muc tieu nghien ci'ru Doi tirong va ph am vi nghien ci'ru Dong gop cua luan van Bo cue cua luan van CI IUONG I: NIIU’NG LI LUAN CO BAN VE QUAN LY NIIA NUOC DOI VOI IIINII T1IUC XUATNHAP KHAU TIEU NGACII LI DAC DIEM VA VAI TRO CUA XUAT NHAP KHAU TIEU NGACII 1.1.1 Khai niem vc xuat nhap khau tieu ngach 1.1.2 Dac diem xuat nhap khau tieu ngach 1.1.3 Tac dong ciia xuat nhap khau tieu ngach 1.2 QUAN LY NHA NUOC DOI VOI IIINH THUG XUAT NHAP KHAU TIEU NGACII 1.2.1 18 Khai niem 18 1.2.3 Nhirng van de co1 ban vc quail ly nha nude doi voi xuat nhap khau tieu ngach 20 1.3 KINH NGIIIEM CUA MOT SO NUOC VE QUAN LY XUAT NHAP KHAU TIEU NGACH VA PHAT TRIEN MAU DICH BIENGIOI 26 1.3.1 Kinh nghiem cua Thai Lan 26 1.3.2 Kinh nghiem cua Trung Quoc .27 _ ' ' A 1.3.3 Kinh nghiem cua mot so nunc dkhu vuc Tay Au va Bac My 30 CH LONG II THUC TRANG QUAN LY XUAT NHAP KHAU TIEU NGACH QUA CU A KHAU TAN THANH - LANG SON .31 2.1 THUC TRANG XUAT NHAP KHAU TIEU NGACH CUA VIET NAM VA TRUNG QUOC QUA CU A KHAU TAN THANH 31 2.1.1 Tinh hinh xuat khau tieu ngach cua Viet Nam sang Trung quoc qua cua khau Tan Thanh 31 2.1.2 Tinh hinh nhap khau tieu ngach cua Viet nam tu Trung Quoc qua cua Khau Tan Thanh 36 2.2 THUC TRANG QUAN LY NHA NU’O’C DOI VOI XUAT NHAP KHAU TIEU NGACH QUA CUA KHAU TAN THANH - 43 LANG SON 2.2.1 Thue trang nhan thuc ve mau dich bien gidi va quan ly mau dich bien gidi d nude ta 43 2.2.2 Thuc trang quan ly nha nude doi vdi hoat dong xuat nhap khau tieu ngach qua cua khau Tan Thanh - Lang Son 45 2.3 DANH GIA CHUNG THUC TRANG QUAN LY NHA NU’O’C DOI VOI HOAT DONG XUAT NHAP KHAU TIEU NGACH QUA CU A KHAU TAN THANH - LANG SON 59 2.3.1 Nhung mat dat dune 59 2.3.2 Nhung mat ton tai va nguyen nhan .60 CHU0NG III MOT SO GIAI PHAP TANG CUdNG QUAN LY NHA NUdC VE XUAT NHAP KHAU TIEU NGACH QUA CUA KHAU TAN THANH LANG SON 68 3.1 PHUONG HUONG VA MUC TIEU QUAN LY XUAT NHAP KHAU TIEU NGACH TRONG THOI GIAN TOI iii 68 3.1.1 Du1 bao xuat nhap khau tieu ngach giua Viet Nam va Trang quoc qua cua khau Tan den 2020 68 3.1.2 Phuong hubng quan ly xuat nhap khau tieu ngach cua khau Tan 69 3.1.3 Muc tieu quan ly xuat nhap khau tieu ngach b cua khau Tan 3.2 71 GIAI PHAP TANG CU'dNG CONG TAC QUAN LY XUAT NHAP KHAU TIEU NGACH QUA CUA KHAU TAN THANH 72 3.2.1 Tao hanh lang phap ly vung chac cho cong tac quan ly xuat nhap khau tieu ngach 72 3.2.2 Day manh cai each thu tuc hanh chinh 75 3.2.3 Dau tu co sb vat chat ky thuat va ung dung cong nghe quan ly hien dai 77 3.2.4 Nang cao nang luc, trinh cua doi ngu can bo, cong chuc 78 3.2.5 To chuc nghien cuu thi trubng Trang Quoc 80 3.2.6 Cac giai phap tang cubng chong buon lau va gian lan thuong mai b cua khau Tan 80 3.3 MOT SO KIEN NGHI VOI NHA NUOC VA CAC CO QUAN HUU QUAN 87 3.3.1 Kien nghi vbi Co quan Trang uong 87 3.3.2 Kien nghi vbi tinh Lang son 88 KET LUAN 93 TAI LIEU THAM KHAO 95 DANH MUC CAC CHU VIET TAT C/0 : Cluing nlian xuat xii hang hoa DN : Doanh nghiep EEC : Khoi th i trubng cliung Chau au NDT(CNY) : Dong nlian dan te NK : Nhap khau UBND : Uy ban nlian dan VAT : Gia tri gia tang VND : Dong Viet nam VPCP : Van phong ch inh phu XK : Xuat khau WTO : To cluic thuong mai the gioi v DANH MUC BANC BIEU Bang 2.1 : Gia tri mot so mat hang chu yen Viet Nam xuat khau sang Trung Quoc qua cua khau Tan Thanh 32 Bang 2.2 : So luong mot so mat hang chu yeu Viet Nam xuat khau sang Trung Quoc qua cua khau Tan Thanh nam 2010 33 Bang 2.3: Gia tri kim ngach xuat khau tieu ngach qua cua khau Tan sang Trung Quoc qua cua khau Tan giai doan nam2007-2010 34 Bang 2.4: Gia tri kim ngach nhap khau tieu ngach qua cua khau Tan sang Trung Quoc qua cua khau Tan giai doan nam 36 Bang 2.5: So luong mot so mat hang chu yeu Viet Nam nhap khau tu Trung Quoc qua cua khau Tan nam 2010 37 Bang 2.6 : Gia tri mot so mat hang chu yeu Viet Nam nhap khau tu Trung Quoc qua cua khau Tan Thanh nam 2010 38 Bang 2.7: so luong cac Doanh nghiep, tu thuong xuat nhap khau qua cua khau Tan qua nam 2008 -2010 42 Bang 3.1: Du bao kim ngach xuat nhap khau tieu ngach qua cua khau Tan - Lang Son den nam 2020 68 DANH MUC HINH VE Hinh 2.1: Xe hang ach tac tai cua khau Tan .43 Hinh 2.2: Hai quan Tan Thanh bat giu doi tuong buon ban tien gia 56 VI TOM TAT LUAN VAN Mo* dan, tac gia luan van da trinh bay ly chon de tai, doi tuong, pham vi, phuong phap nghien cuu duoc sir dung luan van va ket can luan van Lang son la mot nhung tinh mien nui phia Bac cua Viet Nam, co dudng bien giai giap vdi Trung Quoc Lang son co nhieu dieu kien thuan loi de phat trien kinh te mau bien, hang hoa duoc xuat, nhap khau qua cac cua khau Lang Son rat phong phu, Tan Thanh la cua khau co so luong hang hoa liru thong Ion nhat chii yeu hang nong san Sau quan he Viet Nam - Trung Quoc duoc binh thudng hoa, cac cua khau duoc md cua, boat dong thirong mai noi cluing va cac hoat dong xuat nhap khau noi rieng da co sir phat trien nhanh chong, kim ngach xuat nhap khau tang len dang ke, hoat dong xuat nhap khau tieu ngach da co tac dong tich cue den viec phat trien kinh te - xa hoi cua cac tinh cung nhir dong gop tich cue vao tang truong kinh te dat nude Tuy nhien viec to chuc quan ly nha nude doi vdi hoat dong xuat nhap khau tieu ngach van nhieu yen kern ncn liieu qua cua hoat dong xuat nhap khau tieu ngach thap, tinh trang tron thue, buon lau va gian lan tlmong mai dura duoc ngan chan Tir nhung ly tren, Toi chon de tai : “Tang cwtrng quan ly xuat nhap khau tieu ngach qua cua khau Ilin Thanh - Lang Son" Doi tuong nghien cuu cua luan van la cong tac quan ly nha nude doi vdi hoat dong xuat nhap khau tieu ngach qua cua khau Tan Thanh Pham vi nghien cuu cua luan van la hoat dong quan ly xuat nhap khau tieu ngach giua Viet Nam Trung Quoc qua cua khau Tan Thanh, huycn Van Lang, tinh Lang Son thdi gian qua Trong luan van, tac gia sir dung cac phuong phap thong ke, phan tich, tong hop va so sanh, dir bao de tir rut cac ket luan lam co so dua cac giai phap cho viec nghien cuu Ve ket can: Ngoai phan mo dim, ket luan, danh muc cac elm viet tat, bang bieu va tai lieu tham khao, luan van gom chuong: trao rong khap chong buon lau hang cam, chong gian lan thuong mai tai cac cua khau va cac diem thong quan Thong bao cong khai cac quy djnh, chinh sach ve xuat nhap khau tai cac cua khau de moi ngudi thuc hien b Cai tien to chuc, nhan su cua Doi Kiem soat theo hiring chuyen sau, co nghiep vu gioi, nang dong, sang tao cong viec Trien khai kjp thdi ve yeu cau nhiem vu va luc luong chong buon lau tai cac don vj Hai quan thuoc Cuc, dac biet la tai cac diem thong quan va d cac tinh lan can duoc Tong cuc Hai quan Lang Son quan ly Dieu chinh nhiem vu cua Phong Nghiep Vu va cac diem thong quan cho phu hop voi cac cai cach thu tuc Hai quan hien nay, dam bao thong quan nhanh chong hang hoa xuat nhap khau, vua tang cudng quan ly chat che, phat hien dau tranh co hieu qua chong buon lau, gian lan thuong mai Dac biet tap trung cung co Doi Kiem soat Hai quan, phan cong sap xep luc luong cho cac to kiem soat co du suc tap trung triet pha cac to chuc, dudng day, o nhom, dau nau buon ban hang cam, buon lau va gian lan thuong mai Dong thdi trien khai cac to cong tac cua Doi Kiem soat Hai quan thuoc Cuc Hai quan Lang Son de huong dan nghiep vu thu thap tin tuc, dieu tra va phoi hop phong ngua, ngan chan, phat hien dau tranh chong buon lau, gian lan thuong mai c Phat huy hieu qua cac phuong tien nghiep vu Su dung het cong suat va phat huy hieu qua cac phuong tien nghiep vu may soi hang, may phat hien ma tuy, he thong camera de phat hien hang lau, cac kien hang co chua hang cam qua cac cua khau Trien khai cac mang may vi tinh de tang cudng cong tac quan ly nghiep vu Tang cudng cac trang bj ky thuat dac biet cho luc luong dieu tra chong buon lau nhu phuong tien thong tin lien lac, vu khi, cong cu ho tro d Phoi hop tot, voi cac luc luong chong buon lau va ngoai nganh Phoi hop voi Cuc Dieu tra chong buon lau thuoc Tong cuc Hai quan va Hai quan cac tinh de nam tinh hinh buon lau toan quoc, phuong thuc thu doan va du bao tinh hinh va phoi hop dieu tra xac minh cac vu co lien quan den dja ban khu vuc cua khau Phoi hop cac luc luong cong an de nam tinh hinh, tin tuc lien quan den hoat dong cua doi tuong buon lau va phoi hop dau tranh theo 81 I yeu cau cu the cua cac vu viec Phoi hop voi quan ly thi truong phat hien hang hoa luu thong tren thi truong co dau hieu buon lau va gian lan thuong mai, tu truy tim luong hang lau xuat nhap va cac phuong thuc thu doan cua bon buon lau de co doi sach dau tranh kip thoi cac duong day van chuyen hang nhap lau o cac noi Phoi hop voi co quan thue viec phat hien cac hanh vi tron lau thue va phoi hop truy thu thue doi voi cac doi tuong vi pham e Tang curing cong tac tu kiem tra, kiem tra cheo Tang cudng cong tac tu kiem tra, kiem tra cheo giua cac cua khau nghiep vu, phat huy vai tro Doi dac nhiem chong tieu cuc, lam sai quy trinh nghiep vu, de sot lot hoac tiep tay cho buon lau cua can bo cong nhan vien Yeu cau cac don vi Hai quan truc thuoc lam dung quy dinh cua Tong cuc Hai quan, khong cho mo td khai trai tuyen, nham phong ngua va ngan chan truoc vi pham xay Dong thdi phat hien xu ly nghiem minh cac can bo cong nhan vien vi pham f Tang curing cong tac kiem tra, kiem soat Chi cuc Hai quan Tan can tiep tuc tang cudng kiem soat tai khu vuc cong kiem soat so nham thuc hien tot viec giam sat doi voi hang hoa mua ban, trao doi cua cu dan bien gioi, kien quyet ngan chan cac doi tuong buon lau loi dung chinh sach cua Nha nuoc doi voi cu dan bien gioi de buon lau hang cam, hang gia, hang co thue suat cao vao noi dia tieu thu gay bat on ve an ninh chinh tri va kinh te; Tang cudng chot chan, phoi hop truc 24/24h tai khu vuc Ke da dang sau cua hang mien thue Tan thanh, khu vuc dudng mon Lo Bon de ngan chan hieu qua tinh hinh van chuyen trai phep qua bien gioi tai cac khu vuc Tang cudng kiem tra hang nhap lau duoc vui cac xe cho hang hoa nhap khau qua cua khau Doi voi cac dia ban diem, cac tuyen van chuyen thudng xuyen co hoat dong buon lau va gian lan thuong mai xay can bo tri luc luong chuyen trach chong buon lau, tang cudng cong tac tuan tra, kiem soat, cac kho bai tap ket hang xuat nhap khau, cac dia diem khu vuc kiem soat Hai quan nham ngan chan va phat hien cac hanh vi buon lau kip thdi va hieu qua Dac biet chu kiem tra, kiem soat doi voi cac doi tuong da xac dinh can tap trung chu y tang cudng trach 82 nhiem cua cac luc luong chuc nang quan ly bien gibi cua khau - Doi voi lii’c luong Hai quan: Chong buon lau qua bien gioi la mot nhiem vu quan va trach nhiem chu yeu cua luc luong Hai quan, do phai xay dung duoc mot hang rao Hai quan vung chac Hang rao Hai quan la mot khai niem rong, bao gom hang rao vo hinh la he thong chinh sach, phap luat cua Nha nuoc chong buon lau qua bien gioi, ve quan ly cac hoat dong xuat nhap khau hang hoa, vat pham, phuong tien, ngoai hoi, tien te qua bien gioi Con hang rao huu hinh la cac bien phap to chuc quan ly, kiem tra, kiem soat, giam sat cac hoat dong qua cua khau bien gioi Do tang cuong hang rao Hai quan doi hoi nhieu yeu to va dieu kien khach quan va chu quan Truoc het luc luong Hai quan phai xac dinh trach nhiem cao viec chong buon lau, chong gian lan thuong mai o cua khau bien gioi Luat Hai quan hien quy dinh quyen han, pham vi hoat dong cua Hai quan chong buon lau han che Khao sat kinh nghiem to chuc, nhiem vu, quyen han cua Hai quan Trung Quoc ve chong buon lau rat lon nhu lap luc luong canh sat chong buon lau thuoc Tong cuc Hai quan, co quyen kham nha, noi o, bat giu duong su, dieu tra tu khoi td den de nghi truy to cac toi pham buon lau, tra cac doanh nghiep nen hieu qua chong buon lau cua Hai quan rat cao De khac phuc nhung han che nay, luc luong Hai quan Viet Nam phai phat huy het trach nhiem, quyen han hien chong buon lau o cua khau bien gioi, dong thoi quan he phoi hop chat che voi cac luc luong truc tiep khac chong buon lau nhu Bo doi Bien phong, Cong an moi hoan duoc nhiem vu Dong thoi Nha nuoc can nghien cuu dac thu hoat dong, chuc nang, nhiem vu cua Hai quan de xay dung mo hinh to chuc Hai quan du manh, duoc trang bi phuong tien, thiet bi hien dai dap ung nhiem vu kiem tra, giam sat hang hoa, phuong tien o cua khau bien gioi phuc vu chong buon lau, gian lan thuong mai va dap ung yeu cau quan ly dieu kien mo rong quan he kinh te doi ngoai va qua trinh hoi nhap quoc te cua nuoc ta hien - Bo doi Bien phdng: Voi trach nhiem bao ve chu quyen lanh tho, an ninh, trat tu va tham gia chong buon lau qua bien gioi phai tang cuong cong tac tuan tra kiem soat o bien 83 giai Dac biet la trach nhiem dau tranh ngan chan tinh trang vuat bien trai phep cua ngudi, phuong tien van tai qua bien giai tren bo, neu giai quyet tot diac tinh trang se ngan chan duac nan "cuu van" mang, vac, van chuyen hang lau qua bien giai hien nay, dong thoi ho tra phoi hap kip thdi cho cac luc luang chong buon lau a bien giai co hieu qua thi se lam giam dang ke tinh hinh buon lau va dam bao an ninh, trat tu xa hoi a bien giai hien - Luc luong Cong an: Phat huy nhung ket qua viec dieu tra kham pha cac vu buon lau, tham nhung thdi gian qua, phai xac dinh dau tranh chong toi pham buon lau hien la mot mat tran quan Co trach nhiem thudng xuyen phoi hap vai cac luc luang chong buon lau a bien giai de dieu tra danh vao bon buon lau dau so, cac dudng day, to chuc buon lau nuac va quoc te, lam ro cac hoat dong thong dong, moc noi, tiep tay, bao ke cho buon lau, gian lan thuong mai se gop phan chu yeu ngan chan, han che tinh hinh buon lau va gian lan thuong mai hien va lam sach bo may nha nuac - Cac luc luong khac: Nhu Quan ly thi trudng, co quan thue phai phat huy trach nhiem viec kiem tra kiem soat thi trudng noi dia Phat hien xu ly cac hanh vi chua chap, tang tru, tieu thu hang lau Dac biet la khong de tinh trang hang hoa nhap lau duac bay ban cong khai nhu hien nay, co nhu vay mai lam mat cho "nuong than" de ton tai cua hang lau Ngoai cong tac chong buon lau doi hoi phai co su tang cudng trach nhiem va phoi hap cua cac to chuc nha nuac khac, cac co quan quan ly nha nuac nhu Thuong mai, Dau tu, Ngan hang phat huy chuc nang quan ly cua minh, tang cudng kiem tra thudng xuyen cac hoat dong dang ky kinh doanh, hoat dong cua doanh nghiep, quan ly toan ngoai thuong nham han che nhung ke cong tac quan ly, ngan chan, phat hien nhung hoat dong gian lan, lua dao, hoac cac dau hieu rua tien lien quan den buon lau Cac to chuc doan the chinh tri xa hoi phai phat huy vai tro tuyen truyen, giao duc quan chung, dong thdi cac co quan thong tin dai chung phoi hap thudng xuyen viec tuyen truyen cong tac chong buon lau, gian lan thuong mai 84 Phat huy trach nhiem va su phoi hop chat che cua cac to chuc true tiep va xa hoi tao the tran tan cong toan dien vao bon buon lau la yeu to cong tren mat tran 3.2.6.2 Bien phap dau tranh a Bien phap cong khai Hai quan cac cua khau va cac diem thong quan phai nang cao trach nhiem cong tac kiem tra hang hoa, hanh ly, buu pham, buu kien xuat nhap khau, nguoi va phuong tien xuat nhap canh Phai co y thuc phat hien cac hanh vi van chuyen, buon lau ma tuy, buon ban hang cam, gian lan thuong mai, bao cao kip thoi vdi lanh dao de co bien phap giai quyet Neu xac dinh hanh vi vi pham phai lap bien ban hanh chinh ve Hai quan Doi vdi nhung vi pham nghiem hoac co tinh tiet phuc tap phai bao cao v£ lanh dao Cuc, dong thoi lay loi khai cua duong su va nhung nguoi co lien quan ngay, ap dung cac bien phap ngan chan de dam bao viec xu ly vi pham hanh chinh theo phap luat quy djnh Nhung truong hop vi pham can co dieu tra xac minh, thu thap ho so tai lieu khac (ngoai ho so thu tuc Hai quan hien hanh) mdi ket luan duoc thi cac Chi cuc trudng Hai quan can bao cao lanh dao Cuc va trao doi vdi Doi trudng Doi Kiem soat Hai quan de phoi hop kiem tra, bat giu, lap bien ban va chuyen ho so cung tang vat vi pham ve Doi Kiem soat Hai quan de thuc hien viec dieu tra theo tham quyen Cung cap thong tin ve hoat dong cua doi tuong buon ban hang cam, buon lau va gian lan thuong mai cho Doi Kiem soat Hai quan tien hanh dieu tra xac minh, phoi hop bat giu kjp thoi theo quy dinh cua phap luat Dong thoi co trach nhiem phoi hop cung can bo cac to cong tac thuoc Doi Kiem soat Hai quan duoc phan cong tai dja ban de thu thap tin tuc, dieu tra co ban phuc vu cong tac chong buon ban hang cam, chong buon lau, chong gian lan thuong mai Khi can thiet ve yeu cau nghiep vu dieu tra hoac chuyen an dau tranh, luc luong dieu tra chong buon lau duoc su dung can bo nhan vien truc tiep tai cua khau va cac diem thong quan( ke ca phuong tien ky thuat kiem tra) de dieu tra phat hien chong buon lau 85 b Bien phap bi mat Tu viec tong hop tinh hinh chung, dac biet la qua trinh theo doi cua trinh sat Doi Kiem soat Hai quan tien hanh phan tich, xu ly, xac dinh doi tuong diem can tien hanh cac bien phap nghiep vu dieu tra can thiet nhu: thu thap them thong tin, nghien cuu ho so ban dau, su dung co so bi mat va bao cao de xuat lanh dao Cuc ve cac bien phap de kiem tra, lap bien ban vi pham va tam giu tang vat Trong toan bo cac khau hoat dong nghiep vu tu theo doi doi tuong, thu thap thong tin, xay dung mang ludi co so, nam chac phuong thuc thu doan cua cac doi tuong diem phai duoc tien hanh theo nguyen tac bi mat, da phat hien co hoat dong tang tru, buon ban van chuyen ma tuy, buon ban hang cam, buon lau, gian lan thuong mai thi tien hanh xac lap nhung chuyen an va to chuc dau tranh pha an kip thdi Doi Kiem soat Hai quan bo tri luc luong de phoi hop va tiep nhan cac vu viec cac phong nghiep vu va cac don vi Hai quan chuyen den de thuc hien cong tac dieu tra xac minh, ket luan va de xuat giai quyet Phoi hop vdi cac luc luong chong buon lau de thu thap thong tin, nam tinh hinh, quan ly, theo doi doi tuong va phuc vu cho cong tac dau tranh pha an Phoi ket hop vdi Cuc Dieu tra chong buon lau Tong cuc Hai quan de nam tinh hinh hoat dong cua cac doi tuong buon lau tren toan quoc va cac nudc khu vuc, dong thdi ho tro, tac dong qua trinh theo doi quan ly doi tuong va dieu tra kham pha Phat dong phong trao quan chung tham gia dau tranh chong buon lau, phat huy vai tro nong cot cua luc luong chuyen trach dau tranh chong buon lau Tang cudng su hoat dong va su phoi hop cua cac co quan bao ve phap luat, co su phoi hop dau tranh tren toan tuyen, tung dia ban, tung khu vuc Giai quyet van de buon lau phai tren co so xu ly dung dan cac van de kinh te, phai soat lai co che, chinh sach de sua doi, bo sung va hoan thien he thong phap luat kinh te - xa hoi cua dat nudc noi chung va cua khau Tan noi rieng 86 3.3 MOT SO KIEN NGHI VO’I NHA NU'O’C VA CAC CO’ QUAN HU’U QUAN 3.3.1 Kien nghi vdi Co'quan Trung uong Viet Nam co xuat nhap khau tieu ngach voi nuoc la Lao, Campuchia va Trung quoc Trong do, giao thuong voi Trung quoc chiem ty le lon nhat, mot phan ta co dudng bien gioi rong lon voi nuoc (7 tinh) Dac biet, luong hang xuat theo tieu ngach o cua khau Tan la mot nhung cua khau chiem luong xuat khau tieu ngach lon, kim ngach xuat nhap khau tieu ngach qua cua khau Tan da tang lien tuc tu nam 1991 den nay, xuat nhap khau tieu ngach luon chiem ty tu 70 - 80% tong kim ngach Tuy loai hinh dang phat trien, cac co che chinh sach lien quan van chua duoc ban hanh day du va nhieu bat cap Hien Viet Nam chua co van ban nao quy dinh cu the ve viec quan ly cac hoat dong xuat nhap khau tieu ngach De nghi bo Cong thuong som sua doi, ban hanh cu the co che, chinh sach quan he trao doi hang hoa va dich vu qua bien gioi Viet - Trung Dac biet, voi loai hinh xuat, nhap khau tieu ngach, can tang cudng thiet lap moi trudng thong thoang nhu mo them cac bai kiem hoa o cua khau, toan qua ngan hang, don gian hoa cac thu tuc de thu hut cac phan kinh te ca nuoc tham gia xuat nhap khau hang hoa noi chung va xuat nhap khau tieu ngach noi rieng Chinh phu tao dieu kien day manh trao doi hang hoa xuat, nhap khau voi cac nuoc lang gieng, tang thu ngan sach dia phuong de tiep tuc hoan thien he thong tang dang thap kem Tren co so tung buoc hinh vanh dai thuong mai bien gioi phat trien voi cac chinh sach uu dai ve dat dai, thue, chinh sach dau tu thong thoang hon Bo tai chinh xem xet quy dinh co che dieu tiet thang cho ngan sach dia phuong nguon thu tu thue xuat nhap khau tieu ngach duoc giu lai 100°% cho viec phat trien kinh te tai dia phuong vong tu - nam, nhung nam tiep theo se co dieu chinh cho phu hop Truoc mat, nguon thu tu ngan sach phai khan truong dau tu cho co so tang can thiet nhu: dudng sa, kho tang, ben bai; nang cap ve phuong tien thong tin lien lac, dam bao kip thdi cho hoat dong giao luu thuong mai qua bien gioi i 87 Hien nay, mot so trang thiet bi, cong cu ho tro phuc vu cong tac chong buon lau nhu dui cui, bo dam, den pin chuyen dung, phuong tien tai cac don vi truc thuoc da cu, hong khong su dung duoc anh hudng den hieu qua cong tac chong buon lau cua toan don vi De nghi Tong cuc hai quan tiep tuc trang bi cho chi cuc hai quan mot so phuong tien mdi, cu the: bo dam bo, may anh chiec, ong nhom ban va ban dem: moi loai chiec Da so cac tinh bien gidi deu la nhung tinh ngheo, thu ngan sach Nha nudc dat thap, phan von de lai chua dap ung duoc yeu cau phat trien Trong ke hoach hang nam, de nghi chinh phu nen can doi them nguon von dau tu cho khu vuc bien gidi hoac tang ty le dieu tiet so thu thue xuat nhap khau tren dia ban de tao dieu kien cho cac tinh bien gidi nhanh chong cai thien co sd vat chat, dong thdi tao dieu kien cho xuat nhap khau noi chung va xuat nhap khau tieu ngach noi rieng sang Trung Quoc De nghi chinh phu sdm ban hanh cac quy dinh va kiem soat ve sinh an toan thuc pham doi vdi cac loai trai cay nhap khau vao Viet Nam, vi thuc te hien d cua khau Tan viec kiem tra san pham trai cay nhap vao Viet Nam mdi chi thuc hien viec kiem dich thuc vat De nghi Cuc quan ly chat luong Nong Lam san va Thuy san bien cac quy dinh ve ghi nhan, bao goi san pham trai cay cua Trung Quoc de cac co sd san xuat, kinh doanh nghien cuu thuc hien 3.3.2 Kien nghi voi tinh Lang son > Sdm hoan chinh he thong co che chinh sach rieng phu hop vdi dieu hanh hoat dong xuat nhap khau tieu ngach d cua khau Tan theo hudng uu dai, khuyen khich > De tao dieu kien thuan loi cho hoat dong xuat nhap khau tieu ngach tai cua khau, de nghi UBND tinh tiep tuc chi dao cac ban nganh lien quan, day nhanh tien xay dung quy hoach cac khu cua khau Dong thdi sua chua, cai tao, md rong khu vuc bai tap ket, kiem tra hang, dudng giao thong khu vuc cua khau Tan > De nghj UBND tinh co y kien chi dao UBND huyen Van lang, ban quan ly khu kinh te Dong Dang - Lang son thu hoi dat (da co quyet dinh cua UBND tinh Lang Son) giao cho Hai quan Tan de md rong bai kiem tra hang hoa, giai toa 88 cac ho dan dang buon ban khu vyc > Kien toan ban chi dao buon ban bien mau gan vbi viec tang cubng chu dong va chi dao cu the hoat dong xuat nhap khau tieu ngach vbi Trung Quoc Xay dyng co che phoi hop, thong bao giua hai nubc nham tranh tinh trang xay nhung ach tac thuong mai, giam ton that cho ngubi xuat nhap khau, giam nhung hanh vi mau dich khong mang tinh quy pham, co co che ung va giai quyet kip thbi cac van de phat sinh trao doi mau dich tai bien gibi, bao dam moi trubng kinh doanh lanh manh cho doanh nhan cua hai nubc Dong thbi, xay dyng chinh sach quan ly hoat dong xuat nhap khau tieu ngach, buoc cac doanh nghiep (du duoc lap theo luat nao) deu phai tuan thu che bao cao, tranh trubng hop nhu hien nay, Sb thuong mai tinh Lang son khong nam va khong quan ly het tinh hinh xuat nhap khau cua cac doanh nghiep > Chi dao cac lyc luong, huyen Van lang tang cubng, day manh kiem tra, kiem soat tai khu vyc cua khau dip trubc va sau tet nguyen dan 2011 > De tranh cac hien tuong tranh mua, tranh ban giua nhung ngubi xuat khau tieu ngach nen lap nhung hiep hoi cua cac nha xuat khau hang hOa sang Trung quoc Hoat dong cua cac hiep hoi nham giam bbt rui ro kinh doanh, bbi vay vai nam tbi, nhat thiet phai cO bo phan chuyen nghien cuu thi trubng Trung quoc, cap nhat va dy bao kip thbi nhung dien bien ve cung cau cua thi trubng De giup cac doanh nhan nubc tim duoc doi tac tin cay, cung cap duoc thong tin thuong mai kip thbi, trao doi djnh hubng cho ngubi san xuat, kinh doanh hang xuat khau cua hai nubc vbi muc dich giam thieu ton that cho cac nha xuat khau nOi chung va xuat khau tieu ngach nOi rieng, tien tbi xuat nhap khau hang hOa mot cach on dinh, vung chac vbi khoi luong cang lbn Ngan hang nha nubc nhanh chOng nghien cuu cac bien phap tang cubng vai tro cua he thong ngan hang thuong mai toan bien mau, cho thiet lap moi quan he toan thuan loi cho thuong nhan va dam bao viec toan qua he thong ngan hang de tang an toan cho cac lo hang xuat nhap khau Tren gOc phap ly, khuyen khich cac doanh nhan tim doi tac ky hop dong trubc van chuyen hang len bien gibi va yeu cau cac co quan tu phap phai ho tro manh hon, dong thbi cO co che tai 89 giai quyet nhung mau thuan va tranh chap mau dich nham bao ve loi ich hop phap cho doanh nhan > Day manh cong tac giao duc, tuyen truyen nhan dan ve tac hai cua buon lau, tron thue, gian lan thuong mai Kip thoi ban hanh nhung chinh sach uu tien, tao dieu kien giup nhan dan vung bien gioi tang gia san xuat, nang cao doi song de ho khong tiep tay cho buon lau Co bien phap luan chuyen can bo hai quan, can bo o tram kiem soat de de phong truong hop can bo bi dong tien lam tha hoa khong gitr duoc dao duc pham chat To chuc trien khai, quan triet cac van ban chi' dao cua Trung uong, cac Nghi quyet, chi thi, ke hoach cua tinh ve cong tac chong buon lau o cac cap uy Dang, cho lanh dao cac cap, cac nganh, doan the, lam chuyen bien nhan thuc va xay dung duoc cac ke hoach hanh dong cu the, phat huy vai tro cac nganh, cac cap cong tac dau tranh chong buon lau, nang cao hieu luc quan ly cua co so o cac dia ban diem Thuc hien tot cong tac tuyen truyen van dong quan chung tham gia dau tranh chong buon lau To chuc cho nhan dan ky cam ket voi chinh quyen khong tham gia buon lau, khong chua chap hang lau, khong tiep tay cho bon buon lau, phat hien to giac bon buon lau voi cac co quan chuc nang Tang cuong cong tac chi dao tu tinh den co so Kien toan cac ban chi dao cong tac chong buon lau o cac cap, phan cong ro trach nhiem, dia ban phuong thuc phoi hop hoat dong cua cac nganh co lien quan Quan tam cung co, kien toan cac luc luong chong buon lau, gian lan thuong mai tai cua khau Quan tam cung co, kien toan cac luc luong chong buon lau, tang cuong cac trang thiet bi, phuong tien can thiet dam bao phuc vu cong tac chong buon lau Thuong xuyen chi dao doi moi phuong thuc kiem tra, kiem soat, phat hien ngan chan kip thoi co hieu qua hoat dong buon lau nhung van dam bao thuc hien nghiem chinh chinh sach, phap luat cua Nha nuoc, dung quy trinh kiem tra, kiem soat, dam bao chinh sach luu thong hang hoa Ket hop voi viec tuyen truyen van dong nhan dan tham gia to giac voi viec dieu tra, xac minh cua cac luc luong chuc nang tren dia ban de kip thoi phat hien 90 cac dudng day, tu diem, ddi tuong buon lau lon Tu co phuong an triet pha, ngan chan, xu ly co hieu qua Cung vdi viec tang cudng chong budn lau, tinh can tang cudng chi dao quan ly kinh doanh tren dia ban, nam chac tinh hinh hoat dong cua cac don vi, cac ho kinh doanh nhat la cac don vi kinh doanh xuat nhap khau, dua hoat dong kinh doanh vao ne nep Dong thdi thuc hien nghiem tuc cac quy dinh cua Nha nudc ve dan tern cac mat hang nhap khau noi chung va nhap khau tieu ngach noi rieng, kiem tra xu ly kip thdi cac vi pham ve kinh doanh hang nhap khau theo quy djnh Cung cd kien toan cac ban chi dao chong budn lau tu tinh den co sd Phoi hop dong bo cac nganh chuc nang, cac co quan bao ve phap luat thudng xuyen tien hanh tra, kiem tra, phong ngua cd hieu qua Nhung vu viec da rd can khan truong dieu tra, truy td, xet xu kip thdi dung ngudi, dung toi, nghiem minh Tiep tuc thuc hien cai tien cac thu tuc hanh chinh don gian, giam bdt nhieu phien Ra soat, sap xep, chan chinh td chuc bo may, nhan sir cac co quan Nha nudc cd chuc nang chong budn lau, lira chon, bo tri nhung ngudi cd due, cd tai nam giu cuong vi chu chot cua cac co quan tren Dua khoi cac co quan bao ve phap luat nhung ngudi thoai hoa, bien chat, tham nhung, budn lau, nghien hut ma Thudng xuyen td chuc cac cuoc hop giao ban, so ket, rut kinh nghiem qua trinh thirc hien d cap, cac nganh chuc nang Ban chi dao de nang cao hieu qua cong tac dau tranh phong ngua, chong budn lau > Do dieu kien dja ly thuan loi nen cac cua khau tren dja ban tinh Lang son luon duoc cac tu thuong lua chon la noi budn ban, trao ddi hang hoa vdi Trung Quoc Dac biet, cua khau Tan cd luong hang nong san xuat khau chiem 85%, chiem toi gan 90% la hang xuat khau tieu ngach Vi vay de tang ty xuat khau, tinh can xay dung quy ho tro xuat khau tieu ngach, dac biet quan tam ho tro cho ngudi san xuat hang xuat khau Dong thdi tang dau tu, keu goi nhung du an xay dung cac nha may che bien, phat trien san xuat tren dja ban de nang cao nang luc san xuat cho xuat khau cua cac doanh nghiep > Tang cudng dau tu ket cau tang d cua khau, nhat la he thong kho tang nham giam rui ro cho cac doanh nghiep qua trinh kinh doanh bj tir choi 91 nhan hang, han che toi da tinh trang pham cap san pham bi thap true trac bdi khau buon ban Trang bi them thong tin dien tir, noi mang cac trang web phuc vu viec cung cap thong tin thuong mai phong phu, thuan loi cho doanh nghiep nuoc ta va Trung quoc hoat dong buon ban, xuat nhap khau tieu ngach > Nang cao nang luc cho can bo lam cong tac xuat khau bang each tung buoc chuan hoa chat luong doi ngu can bo, nang cao trinh ngoai ngu’ va trinh tiep thi de dap ung nhu cau cang tang cua thuong mai dien tir 92 KET LEAN Tang cuong quan ly xuat nhap khau tieu ngach qua cua khau Tan la mot de tai nghien cuu khoa hoc co tinh kha thi cao Vi hudng vao giai quyet nhung van de thuc tien dang doi hoi can phai giai quyet mot cac tong the, dong bo va khoa hoc cong tac quan ly nha nudc ve kinh te Dac biet quan ly xuat nhap khau tieu ngach la mot dieu mdi me, chua co hoac rat it nguoi nghien cuu van de d nudc ta Vdi vi tri va anh hudng dac biet cua minh, tu lau Trung quoc da co mot quan he kinh te - xa hoi chat che vdi Viet Nam Thong qua hoat dong xuat nhap tieu ngach Viet Nam da day manh kim ngach xuat nhap khau vdi Trung quoc, thuc day san xuat nudc, chuyen dich co cau kinh te theo hudng co loi, tang thu cho ngan sach Su phat trien thuong mai da tao dieu kien hinh cac khu dan cu tap trung doc bien gidi, phat trien co sd tang, cac tuyen duong giao thong va cac co sd budc dau cho buu chinh vien thong, tu gop phan cai thien doi song vat chat, tinh than cua dan cu cac dja phuong bien gidi, giu vung an ninh quoc phong, tang cuong tinh doan ket huu nghi vdi cac nudc Tuy nhien, xet ve tong the, ket qua neu tren van chua xung vdi tiem nang the manh cua cac nudc Hien tai, xuat nhap khau hang hoa qua bien gidi noi chung va xuat nhap khau tieu ngach qua cua khau Tan noi chung van nhieu bat cap ky thuat, nghiep vu va cong tac quan ly Co sd tang d cac cua khau thieu thon Hoat dong buon lau va gian lan thuong mai dien cang phuc tap gay nen tinh trang that thu thue, gay bat loi cho nguoi tieu dung va anh hudng xau den san xuat nudc, van de o nhiem moi truong va xoa bo te nan xa hoi van chua dat duoc ket qua mong muon De dua hoat dong xuat nhap khau tieu ngach xung vdi tiem nang va the manh cua moi nudc trudc nhung yeu cau hoi nhap cua quoc te va khu vuc, thi chung ta can thuc hien dong bo mot so chinh sach (ca tam vi mo lan vi mo) nham giai quyet nhung van de ton tai dang lam giam hieu qua va can trd su phat trien cua thuong mai bien gidi giua Viet Nam va Trung quoc Trong do, cac van de rat can su 93 TAI LIEU THAM KHAO Bo Cong thuong (2008) Thuang mai Viet Num - Trung quoc, Nxb Lao dong Bo Cong thuong (2010), £hr an quy hoach phat trien thiccrng mai tai cac vung cua khau hien gidi phia Bac Viet Nam den num 2010 Bo tai chinh (2010), so 08/2010, so 08/2010/TT-BTC, 14/01/2010, thong tic hudng dan thuc hien quyet dinh so 93/2009/QD-TTg 10/07/2009 sica ddi, bo sung khoan dieu 21 Quyet dinh so 33/2009/QDTTg 02/03/2009 ban hanh ca che chinh such hanh chinh ddi vdi khu kinh te cuu khau Bo tai chinh (2001), Thong tic so 59/2001/TT-BTC thong tic hudng dan thi hanh chinh sach td chuc dp dung cho cac cua khau bien gidi Cue Hai quan Lang Son, Chi cue hai quan tan (2009), bao cao tong ket num 2008 va phuong hudng nhiem vu cong tac num 2009, Bao cao Cue Hai quan Lang Son, Chi cue hai quan tan (2010), bao cao tong ket num 2009 vd phicang hudng nhiem vu cong tac num 2010, Bao cao Cue Hai quan Lang Son, Chi cue hai quan tan (2011) bao cdo tong ket num 2010 vd phuang hudng nhiem vu cong tdc num 2011, Nguyen Minh Hang (2001), Budn ban qua bien gidi Viet Trung, Lich su Hien trang - Trien vong, Nxb Khoa Bao cao hoc Xa hoi, Ha noi NguySn Huu Khai (2008), Quan ly hoat dong nhap khau - ca che, chinh such vd bien phap, Nxb Thong ke 10 Pham Van Linh (2001), Cue khu kinh te cua khau bien gidi Viet - Trung vd tdc dong cua nd tdi suphat trien kinh te hang hoa a Viet Nam, Nxb chinh tri Quoc gia Ha noi 1 Pham Van Linh (1999), quan he kinh te - thuang mai cua khau Viet — Trung, Nxb Thong ke Ha noi 12 NguyGn Thi Mo (2001), Quan he Viet Nam - Trung quoc tren ITnh vuc ngoai thuang Nhin lai 10 num vd trien vong, Tap chi nghien tr 36 -43 95 cuu Trung quoc (6) 13 Luo’ng Dang Ninh (2004), Ddi mai to chuc quan ly cac hoat dong xuat nhap khau va mua ban, trao ddi hang hoa a khu vuc bien giai cua cac tinh bien giai phia Bac tu thuc tien Lang san, Nxb Khoa hoc xa hoi 14 Luong Dang Ninh (2001), Thuc trang buon ban hang hoa va nhung giai phap r r rv chong buon lau hang hoa qua bien giai phia Bac tu thuc tien Lang san, Bao cao tong hop, Uy ban nhan dan tinh Lang son, Bo Thuong Mai 15 Nien giam thong ke tinh Lang son (2010) 16 Nong Tien Phong (1999), may suy nghi ve van de: Nang cao quan ly Nha nuac ve quan he mau dich qua bien giai Viet — Trung a Lang san, Tap chi nghien cuu Trung quoc (2), tr 20 - 28 17 Le Tuan Thanh (2006), Quan he kinh te thuang mai Viet Nam — Trung quoc hien trang va trien vong, De tai cap vien, Phong Nghien cu Quan he Viet - Trung, Vien Khoa hoc Xa hoi Viet Nam ' < 18 Le Tuan Thanh (2003), Thuang mai Viet nam — Trung quoc hien trang va trien vong, De tai cap vien, Trung tam Khoa hoc Xa hoi va Nhan van Quoc gia 19 Nguyen Manh Thang (2003), Buon lau va dau tranh chdng toipham buon lau tren tuyen bien giai Viet nam - Trung qudc, De tai khoa hoc cap bo, Vien nghien cuu chien luoc va khoa hoc Bo cong An 20 Uy ban nhan dan tinh Lang son (2010), tinh hinh thuc hien ke hoach phat trien kinh te - xa hoi nam 2010, muc tieu, nhiem vu ke hoach nam 2010, Bao cao 21 Dang Van Ung (1996), Quan he thuang mai Trung quoc — Viet nam tu nam 1989, luan an tien sy, Dai hoc ngoai ngu' Tokyo 96