Tourism development in Sonla province = Phát triển du lịch Sơn La

Tourism development in Sonla province = Phát triển du lịch Sơn La. Luận văn ThS. Khu vực học

VIETNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY-HANOI INSTITUTE OF VIETNAMESE STUDIES AND DEVELOPMENT SCIENCES  NGUYEN THI HANH TOURISM DEVELOPMENT IN SONLA PROVINCE MASTER THESIS ON VIETNAMESE STUDIES Major: VIETNAMESE STUDIES Code: 60 31 60 Supervisor: Associate Professor Tran Duc Thanh HANOI,12/2012 TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION 1 1. Rationale statment 1 2. Research objectives 2 3. Research tasks 2 4. Study objects 3 5. Scope of research 3 6. History of research problem 3 7. Research Methods 5 8. The structure of the thesis 6 Chapter 1: BACKGROUND ON THE CONDITIONS FOR TOURISM DEVELOPMENT CHAPTER 1 BACKGROUND ON THE CONDITIONS FOR TOURISM DEVELOPMENT 7 1.1. Some basic concepts 7 1.1.1. Tourism 7 1.1.2. Tourist 7 1.1.3. Tourism resources 7 1.1.4. Destination 7 1.1.5. Tourism accommodation establishments 8 1.2. The conditions for tourism development 8 1.2.1. Natural conditions and natural resources 8 1.2.1.1. Geographical location 8 1.2.1.2. Topography 9 1.2.1.3. Climate 9 1.2.1.4. Hydrology 10 1.2.1.5. Plant and animal 10 1.2.2. Socio-economic conditions and human tourism resources 11 1.2.2.1. The historical – cultural monuments 11 1.2.2.2. Festivals 12 1.2.2.3 The tourism objects associated with ethnography 13 1.2.2.4. Occupation and the traditional craft villages 13 1.2.2.5. The objects of culture, sports and other cognitive activities 13 1.2.3. Infrastructure for tourism 14 1.2.3.1. Transportation system 14 1.2.3.2. Communication system 14 1.2.3.3. Electrical system 15 1.2.3.4. Water drainage and supply system 15 1.2.4. Labor 15 1.3. Current situation of Vietnam tourism 16 Chapter summary 22 CHAPTER 2: REAL STATUS OF TOURISM ACTIVITY IN SONLA 23 2.1. Son La tourism resources 23 2.1.1. Natural tourism resources 23 2.1.1.1. Topography 23 2.1.1.2. Climate 24 2.1.1.3. Hydrology 26 2.1.1.4. Flora and fauna 27 2.1.2. Human tourism resources 28 2.1.2.1. Monuments 29 2.1.2.2. Contemporary works 31 2.1.2.3. The other ontological resources 33 2.1.2.4. Festival 35 2.1.2.5 Custom 38 2.1.2.6. Other intangible tourism resources 39 2.2. Material and technical facilities of tourism 42 2.2.1. Accommodation establishments 42 2.2.2. Catering establishments 44 2.3. Labour 45 2.4. The tourism products 47 2.4.1. Sightseeing tourism 48 2.4.2. Festival tourism 49 2.4.3. Ecotourism 50 2.4.4. Home-stay Tourism 54 2.4.5. Resting tourism 55 2.4.6. Cultural tourism 55 2.5. Results from the tourism activities 55 2.5.1 Tourists 55 2.5.1.1. International tourists: 56 2.5.1.2. Domestic tourists: 58 2.5.2. Revenue 58 2.5.2.1 The room occupancy Rate 59 2.5.2.2. Profit 60 Chapter summary 61 CHAPTER 3: SOME SOLUTIONS FOR SUSTAINABLE TOURISM DEVELOPMENT IN SONLA PROVINCE 63 3.1. The basis to build solutions 63 3.1.1. Development orientations of Vietnam tourism sector 63 3.1.2. Orientation for socio-economic development of Son La province 63 3.2. Some measures to develop tourism in the provinces effectively and stably. 64 3.2.1. Solution on policies. 64 3.2.2. Solutions to tourism space development 65 3.2.3. Solutions to develop tourism products 65 3.2.4. Solutions to training, human resource development and improving the community capacity 65 3.2.5. Solution to protect the environment and ensure sustainable tourism development 66 3.2.6. Solutions to tourism promotion and development 66 Chapter summary 67 CONCLUSION 68 REFERENCES 71 APPENDIX 74 INTRODUCTION 1. Rationale statment Sonla is third lagest pronvince in Vietnam (ranking after Nghean and Daklak provinces) Over 60% of the province area is covered forest. Land for agriculture is very limited, in average, it is about 0.2ha/capita. The majority of residents (993 thousand /1084 thousands) live in the rural areas, so the people here still faced many difficulties. The province's GDP was only about VND 4600 billion, GDP per capita equvalent to 1/6 everage GDP per capita of the country (about USD212 / USD 1,200 of the country - Data 2009). To serve the national hydro power plant, thousands residents living in the planed area have been moved to new place. Although the authorities actively support, but the lives of many people disturbed . The shifting lines were difficult because unfamiliar with the new job, due to weather, farming conditions, etc. Son La has a favorable geographical position, fresh air, abundant natural resources and tourist attractions. So this is the ideal destination for many tourists . Son La has many attractions, including the typical tourist spots like Moc Chau Plateau, the plateau Na, cave bats, hang thick, hydro Son La, Son La ancient prison The sights are great advantages to Son La to promote investment in developing tourism activities. Meanwhile, in Son La convergence of many cultures, unique traditions of 12 ethnic groups, which are typical habits of ethnic Thai and H‟mong peoples. With that potential, Son La will be very favorable for the development of cultural tourism, tourism homestay. With convenient locations and potential tourism resources in abundance, Son La tourism in recent years has seen a remarkable development, contribute to the development of local economy and to the cause of tourism development in the country. However, the tourism potential of the Son La has not effectively exploited, the tourism product is poor, investment in tourism in the area is limited, the image of the Son La tourism have not created a clarity in the relationship with Hanoi, the tourist center and with the other neighbouring provincesand travel nationwide as well. Number of tourists coming to Vietnam in general and Son La in particular is increasing. Thus promoting tourism development in Son La is consistent with the trend of the times, in accordance with the development strategy of Vietnam's tourism, especially strategic socio-economic development of the province, in which tourism and services was identified as an important economic sector. Tourism development has special meaning for a local mountainous areas of Son La - where the poverty rate remains high. The shifting economic structure from agriculture to service sector will enable local people to increase their incomes and to reduce their poverty. So study " Tourism development in Sonla province" has a practical significance meets objectives of Vietnamese studies. 2. Research objectives - Contributing to the process of economic transfomation in order to improve the living standards of local communities. - Determining the direction and solutions forsustainable exploitation of the Sonla tourism resources, contributing for poverty alleviation 3. Research tasks To achieve the research objectives set out, the thesis focuses on the following tasks: - Collecting secondary data and overviewing theoretical concepts on sustanable tourism development and overviewing the present situation of tourism in Son La provincebyfield observations, interviews and questionare - Analysising and evaluating the situations and concret conditions for tourism development in SonLa. - Proposing the orientations and solutions for Son La tourism development. 4. Study objects The conditions for tourism development, tourism resources and tourism activities in Son La. 5. Scope of research - Content: Topics focused on Son La tourism activities. - Spatial scale: The whole territory of Son La province, of the tourism resources, the tourist spots, the toursin Sonlain relationship with the neighboring provinces and the North West tourism sub-regiona. - Time: Subject focuses on investigation, data collection, analysis and research mainly in the period 2006 - 2011, proposing the solutions and directions tourism development in the phase of from 2015 to 2020. 6. History of research problem 6.1. In the world The scientific projects research on aspects of tourism such as tourism resources, tourism planning and territorial organization had just appeared in the late nineteenth century and flourished along with the trend of planning, socio-economic development planning and tourism development from the thirty years of the twentieth century. From 1980 onwards, China and other developing countries have considered tourism as a key economic sector, so many theoretical and practical research works relating to tourism planning and tourism resources are carried out by the scientists such as: "Development and management of local tourism," by Ngo Tat Ho, 2000; "System of planning criteria" by Ngo Vi Dan, 1979. 6.2. In Vietnam Currently, there are tourism geographical research works in Vietnam on issues from theoretical and practical bases of tourism development from provincial, regional scale to national one. A number of scientific themes is involved such as: Tran Duc Thanh, Tourism Geography, Vietnam National University Publisher, Hanoi, 1995; Nguyen Minh Tue, Vu Tuan Canh, Le Thong, Pham Xuan Hau, Nguyen Kim Hong, Tourism Geography , Ho Chi Minh City Publisher; People's Committee of Son La Province, Department of Son La Trade and Tourism, general report on master planning for tourism development in Son La Province in the period of 2007 - 2015 and vision to 2020, Son La 2007; Le Trong Binh, tourism current State and territorial organization orientation in Vietnam. Scientific Yearbook: Vietnam socio- economic territorial organization – Art to ensuring the successful development in the context of international integration”. Ministry of Planning and Investment, Development Strategy Institute, Hanoi 02-2007. Vu Tuan Canh (Editor), Vietnam tourism environment and the problems given for the sake of sustainable environmental development. Synthesis Report; Vu Tuan Canh: Vietnam Tourism at the threshold of twenty-first century, Journal of Tourism and Development No. 01-1995, Hanoi; Handbook on sustainable tourism development, Vietnam Tourism Bureau, the travel newsletter No. 1, 11-2005; In addition, there are many other valuable research works like MA thesis. Dang Duy Loi, 1995, "Assessing and exploiting the natural conditions in Ba Vi District, Ha Tay province for tourism purpose." MA thesis. Tran Duc Thanh, 1995, "Scientific Basis for the construction of maps for the purpose of provincial tourism in Vietnam - Ninh Binh province, for instance", "Tourism Geography" chaired by Nguyen Minh Tue, 1994; General Departmental theme "potentiality of tourism resources in Vietnam" implemented by Nguyen Minh Tue, 1996. In recent years, along with the development of the tourism industry throughout the country, there have been articles and research works on Son La tourism. Typically, Do Thi Mui author has a PhD topic "territorial organization of Son La tourism” that refers quite sufficient for the tourism territory. This topic has showed the trend of tourism development in the future and direction of sustainable tourism development through the rationally territorial organization. The author has analyzed and clarified the main resources for the tourism territorial organization in Son La. In that basis, the theme " Tourism development in Sonla province " is the first synthetic and systematic research work relevant to potentiality, current situation and solutions for tourism development in Son La province. These findings of the research will contribute to the overall and detailed picture on tourism activities in the province of Son La, as well as comparative advantages for tourism development with the provinces in the sub-region of the Northwest tourism in particular and the northern tourism regions in general. It; thereby, shall propose appropriate measures to enhance the effective exploitation of regionally rich and diversified tourism potentiality. 7. Research Methods In order to complete this theme, the author has used the methodologies: - Investigation, field survey - Sociological Investigation - Analysis and evaluation 8. The structure of the thesis A part from the introduction, conclusion, references and appendices, the content of the thesis consists of 3 chapters: Chapter 1: BACKGROUND ON THE CONDITIONS FOR TOURISM DEVELOPMENT Chapter 2: REAL STATUS OF TOURISM ACTIVITY IN SONLA Chapter 3: SOME SOLUTIONS FOR SUSTAINABLE TOURISM DEVELOPMENT IN SONLA PROVINCE CHAPTER 1 BACKGROUND ON THE CONDITIONS FOR TOURISM DEVELOPMENT 1.1. Some basic concepts In fact of research on tourism, there are many terms understood in different ways. However, this thesis is not a research debating on those terms. The basic terms used in this theme are based on the concepts in the Tourism Law in 2005. Those concepts shall be as follows: 1.1.1. Tourism "Tourism is the activities related to travels of human outside frequent habitat to meet the needs of visiting, learning, entertainment, and rest within a certain period of time." [Article 4, Vietnam tourism law] 1.1.2. Tourist "Tourist is the person who travels or combines travel, except for school, work or practice to pay at destination". [Article 4, Vietnam tourism law] 1.1.3. Tourism resources "Tourism resources are natural landscape, natural element, historical - cultural monuments, works of labor and creativeness by man and the human values that can be used to meet travel demand; are the basic elements to form the resorts, destinations, tourism routes, tourism urban. "[Article 4, Vietnam tourism law] 1.1.4. Destination "Destination is the place where has the attractive tourism resources, serving the needs of visiting by tourists." [Article 4, Vietnam tourism law] 1.1.5. Tourism accommodation establishments "Tourist accommodation establishment is the place where hires room, bed and provides other services for guests, especially the hotel is primary tourism accommodation establishment." [Article 4, Vietnam tourism law] [...]... Với tiềm năng đó, Sơn La sẽ rất thuận lợi để phát triển loại hình du lịch văn hóa, du lịch homstay Với vị trí thuận lợi và tiềm năng tài nguyên du lịch phong phú, du lịch Sơn La trong thời gian vừa qua đã có những bước phát triển đáng ghi nhận, đóng góp vào sự nghiệp phát triển kinh tế của địa phương và vào sự nghiệp phát triển du lịch của cả nước Tuy nhiên, tiềm năng du lịch của Sơn La khai thác chưa... phát triển du lịch và về tỉnh Sơn La - Khảo sát thực tế, điều tra xã hội học, phỏng vấn nhằm thu thập, cập nhật các dữ liệu sơ cấp về các nguồn lực du lịch Sơn La cũng như về thực trạng hoạt động du lịch tại địa bàn nghiên cứu - Phân tích, đánh giá các điều kiện phát triển du lịch Sơn La - Đề xuất định hướng, giải pháp nhằm phát triển du lịch Sơn La 4 Đối tƣợng nghiên cứu Các điều kiện phát triển du. .. phẩm du lịch còn nghèo nàn, đầu tư cho du lịch trên địa bàn còn hạn chế, hình ảnh của du lịch Sơn La chưa được tạo dựng một cách rõ nét trong mối quan hệ phát triển với trung tâm du lịch Hà Nội, vùng phụ cận và du lịch cả nước Khách du lịch đến Việt Nam nói chung và Sơn La nói riêng ngày một tăng Do đó đẩy mạnh phát triển du lịch của Sơn La là phù hợp với xu thế của thời đại, phù hợp với chiến lược phát. .. một đề tài Tiến sỹ “Tổ chức lãnh thổ du lịch Sơn La đề cập khá đầy đủ về tổ lãnh thổ du lịch Đề tài thể hiện xu thế phát triển du lịch trong tương lai, định hướng phát triển du lịch bền vững thông qua việc tổ chức lãnh thổ hợp lý Tác giả đã phân tích, làm rõ được các nguồn lực chính để tổ chức lãnh thổ du lịch ở Sơn La Trên cơ sở đó đề tài Phát triển du lịch Sơn La là công trình nghiên cứu đầu tiên... 2.4 The tourism products Son La tourism products include sightseeing, ecology, festival, home stay and resting tourism 2.4.1 Sightseeing tourism 2.4.2 Festival tourism 2.4.3 Ecotourism 2.4.4 Home-stay Tourism 2.4.5 Resting tourism 2.4.6 Cultural tourism 2.5 Results from the tourism activities 2.5.1 Tourists 2.5.1.1 International tourists Beginning to attract international tourists since the late 90s... should have incentive policies to attract investors and focus on building unique tourism products; labor with the service quality in tourism industry will attract more domestic and foreign tourists CHAPTER 2 REAL STATUS OF TOURISM ACTIVITY IN SONLA 2.1 Son La tourism resources 2.1.1 Natural tourism resources 2.1.1.1 Topography Son La terrain is characterized by the average mountain chains inserted into river... products: In addition to the specifically traditional forms of tourism such as sightseeing, entertainment, resort, medicinal tourism, historical cultural tourism, marine tourism, mountainous tourism, etc, a number of new tourism forms are formed such as adventure, mountaineering, ecological tourism, travel through Vietnam, Indochina, commercial and duty tourism, etc in which have focused on exploiting... many weaknesses, and still not met the tourism development requirements, they has been interested in and invested in upgrading and building with many feasibly big projects, creating new advantages for tourism development in the area 2 In recent years, tourism activities in Son La province have developed well, tourists to the province have increased The systems of tourism service, accommodation establishments,... develop tourism in Son La has not really achieved economic efficiency The programs, tours, tourism products at the points, lines, tourism clusters are very monotonous, so tourists usually focus on visiting only the destinations in the city of Son La, Moc Chau Plateau with short staying time and rare return In order to contribute to tourism development in Son La in the following years and ensure Son La rational... tiễn phát triển du lịch quy mô cấp tỉnh, vùng đến cả nước Có thể kể đến một số đề tài khoa học như: Trần Đức Thanh (1995), Địa lý du lịch, NXB ĐHQGHN, Hà Nội; Nguyễn Minh Tuệ, Vũ Tuấn Cảnh, Lê Thông, Phạm Xuân Hậu, Nguyễn Kim Hồng, Địa lý du lịch, NXB Thành phố Hồ Chí Minh; Ủy ban nhân dân tỉnh Sơn La, Sở thương mại du lịch Sơn La, Báo cáo tổng hợp quy hoạch tổng thể phát triển du lịch tỉnh Sơn La giai . Then Festival: 2.1.2.5 Custom Son La has many unique customs of 12 ethnic groups. In particular, the chignon custom of the Black Thais and wife dragging custom of the Mongs are the most. 2007 - 2015 and vision to 2020, Son La 2007; Le Trong Binh, tourism current State and territorial organization orientation in Vietnam. Scientific Yearbook: Vietnam socio- economic territorial. (transportation, communication, electricity, water drainage and supply system, etc.) and performance of these sectors have a profound effect on the tourism activities. 1.2.3.1. Transportation