MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND TRAINING HANOI UNIVERSITY OF CIVIL ENGINEERING Pham Van Thanh Pham Van Thanh URBAN DEVELOPMENT MANAGEMENT ASSOCIATED WITH GREEN GROWTH IN QUANG NINH PROVINCE Major Constructi[.]
MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND TRAINING HANOI UNIVERSITY OF CIVIL ENGINEERING Pham Van Thanh Pham Van Thanh URBAN DEVELOPMENT MANAGEMENT ASSOCIATED WITH GREEN GROWTH IN QUANG NINH PROVINCE Major: Construction Management Code: 9.58.03.02 Hanoi – 2022 Completed at Hanoi University of Civil Engineering Academic advisor 1: Assoc.Prof, Ph.D Pham Xuan Anh Academic advisor 2: Prof, Ph.D Nguyen Dang Hac Reviewer 1: Assoc.Prof, Ph.D Ngo Thi Thanh Van Reviewer 2: Ph.D Tran Hong Mai Reviewer 3: Ph.D Nguyen Anh Dung The thesis will be defended in front of the Universitylevel doctoral thesis grading Committee at HUCE On … date … month … year … The thesis can be found at the National Library and the Library of HUCE INTRODUCTION THE URGENCY OF THE SUBJECT The world is tending to shift the urban development model in the direction of green growth in order to overcome unreasonable problems from urgent urban development, towards the goal of urban growth while ensuring environmental protection , natural resources, improving the adaptability of the city to risks In Vietnam, in 2012, the Government issued the National Green Growth Strategy and then launched the Green Growth Action Program in 2014 In 2021, the National Green Growth Strategy for 2021-2030, with a vision to 2050 once further affirms Vietnam's strategic priorities and commitments towards green growth in the next period Quang Ninh is a province with the characteristics of miniature Vietnam, with a rapid and strong urbanization rate only after central-level cities, vibrant urban development with many development projects in the recent period However, the urgent urban development, inefficient use of urban land fund, the unsustainable urban development model and the lack of attention to urban social-technical infrastructure in the direction of green growth have caused many problems: urban quality has not kept pace with urbanization rate, affecting natural ecosystems, marine environment and increasing risks of climate change Therefore, the thesis "Urban development management associated with green growth in Quang Ninh province” is very necessary, helping the Provincial People's Committee and local urban authorities to clearly identify important contents and task for urban development management associated with green growth in the future in order to improve the quality of urban development management of the province, quickly achieve the comprehensive green growth target in the area in particular, contribute to the goal of urban development associated with green growth in Vietnam in general RESEARCH PURPOSE AND OBJECTIVES 2.1 Research purposes The thesis aims to identify the basis and solutions to manage urban development associated with green growth (GGUDM) for the urban system in Quang Ninh province 2.1 Objectives of the study Clarifying the contents of GGUDM Clarifying the status of GGUDM in Quang Ninh province Identifying challenges to be solved on the basis of contents of urban development management UDM (groups of factors for orienting, implementing and evaluating urban development associated with urban development; concretized criteria), is a topic for survey and proposal for GGUDM in the province Proposing solutions for GGUDM In which, it clarifies groups of general solutions, specific solutions, implementation organization and implementation priorities in order to have an effective urban development management roadmap associated with green growth, ensuring systematicity in management and inclusivity of GG objectives OBJECT AND SCOPE OF THE STUDY 3.1 Research subjects - Research object: GGUDM work in Quang Ninh province, which focuses on the main contents of GGUDM including groups of factors for orientation, implementation and evaluation; criteria concretizing groups of urban development management factors associated with green growth - The subject of urban development management: State management agency in charge of urban management, Provincial People's Committee and all levels of urban administration and related agency system 3.2 Research scope The scope of the research is the content (focusing on the groups of factors that orient, implement, evaluate and systemize concretized criteria) of the GGUDM work of Quang Ninh province in the context of urban development management recent years of Vietnam, the period from 2011 to June 2021 and orientation to 2030,vision 2045 RESEARCH METHODS Research methodology includes dialectical materialism, historical materialism The specific research methods are comparative-analytical-synthetic, qualitative (expert) and quantitative (site survey, questionnaire, statistics) CONTRIBUTIONS OF THE THESIS - Supplementing and clarifying the theoretical system, the content about the city and the GGUDM as the basis for the perception, assessment and identification of gaps in the current GGUDM in general and in Quang Ninh province in particular - Identifying challenges and gaps of GGUDM work in Quang Ninh province in the context of urban development management in Vietnam - Point out the groups of factors that have the role of orienting, implementing and evaluating urban development management associated with green growth Point out the system of criteria concretizing groups of above factors; Proposing the order of priority to implement the criteria - Proposing implementation solutions with priority roadmap, solutions related to the organization and implementation of urban development management contents associated with GG in accordance with Quang Ninh province’s condition - State management entity applies the proposed set of criteria to urban development management in order to enhance management efficiency, organize and manage urban development in Quang Ninh to ensure optimal resources and state management efficiency CONCLUSION OF THESIS The thesis is divided into chapters, including: Chapter 1: Overview of researches related to urban development management associated with green growth Chapter 2: Theoretical, legal and experiential basis for urban development management associated with green growth Chapter 3: Actual situation of urban development management in Vietnam and urban development management associated with green growth in Quang Ninh province Chapter 4: Criteria grouping of orientation- implementation - evaluation and ranking specific criteria for urban development management associated with green growth in Quang Ninh province Chapter 5: Solutions for urban development management associated with green growth in Quang Ninh province CHAPTER OVERVIEW OF RESEARCH RELATED TO THE THESIS THEME Regarding urban development management: There are many domestic and foreign studies focusing on separate, isolated and discrete fields of urban management, but there has only few researches for the overall and comprehensive research that has not yet met the goal of comprehensive and systematic urban development management Regarding urban development management associated with green growth: There are many different ways to manage urban development according to each field However, there are very few in-depth studies on GGUDM that meet the goals of urban development management in a systematic and comprehensive way and ensure the same goals of rapid urban development but at the same time protect the environment, establish an ecological urban system, saving resources, coping with risks Most of them are initial studies, which are suggestive, introduce trends, and lessons learned in management of a number of separate areas and for specific cases The studies have not shown specific scenarios of urban development to achieve the green growth target, the groups of factors that play the role of orientation, implementation and evaluation as well as have not specified a system of concretized criteria to be able to manage urban development associated with GG in terms of the Viet Nam law and the actual context of urban development in the coming period in general as well as for Quang Ninh province in particular The content of GGUDM is only conducted from a research perspective to propose a set of criteria for building green growth urban areas in Vietnam Circular 01/2018/TT-BXD of the Ministry of Construction with the goal of assessing the level of green growth of urban without aiming to orient the task of urban development management, content for implementation management in order to achieve green growth goals The reports and studies directly support the national green growth strategy, the national green growth action plan for the period 20112021 and newly issued for the period 2021-2030 are still quite new and focus on economic transformation from brown to green (green economy) and environment rather than affirming the role of urban areas to achieve green growth goals as well as comprehensively pointing out tasks, issues, solutions of urban development management to achieve this goal Therefore, there is a big gap in policy directions for implementing GGUDM in Vietnam in general and in Quang Ninh province in particular, in which, the groups of factors with the role of orientationimplementation-evaluation, the group of criteria for determining goals for the management of urban development associated with green growth in Quang Ninh province have not been pointed out CHAPTER 2: THEORETICAL, LEGAL BASIS AND EXPERIENCE ON URBAN DEVELOPMENT MANAGEMENT ASSOCIED WITH GREEN GROWTH 2.1 URBAN AND URBAN DEVELOPMENT MANAGEMENT CONCEPT 2.1.1.1 The concept of the city, the structure of the city (urban development model) According to Article of the Law on Urban Planning 2015 (amended the Law on Urban Planning 2009), an urban area is an area with a high density of people living and mainly operating in the non-agricultural, is economic, political, administrative, cultural or specialized center that plays a role in promoting socio-economic development of a country or a territory or a locality, including inner cities and suburbs of a city; inner and outer towns of the town; town There are basic criteria to define urban areas: Population size; Urban function; Infrastructure space and landscape architecture (urban environment) Basic structure of a city According to Alain Bertaud, a city is created on the basis of a structural framework, which is determined by factors including: i) average density (average population density (person/person/person/person) or people/km2) or built-up density; ii) spatial distribution/organization based on population size and density; iii) daily movement patterns of residents and productive activities in the city market 2.1.3 The concept of urban development management Urban development (urban development) includes many contents from planning, construction investment, infrastructure preparation, resource use, coordination and participation of organizations and individuals in investment implementation… In the World, there are many different views on urban development management such as: According to Ardeshiri, urban development management is "a set of activities that jointly shape and guide the development of physical, economic, social, and the economics of urban areas, therefore, the main concern of urban management will be interventions in these areas to promote economic development and welfare ensuring the provision of essential services.” According to Amos, “Urban development management is the responsibility of the city government and urban management is concerned with all aspects of urban development, in both the public and private sectors.” While Davidson writes, “Urban development management is to mobilize resources to achieve urban development goals” Willis believes that urban development management needs a framework for implementation in which emphasizes management goals and criteria” Currently, many managers are considering planning - construction - operation as the three sides of the problem of urban development management Urban development management also means managing all three stages: legislative, executive and judicial There should be agreement on the development goals of the sub-systems and the overall development goals of the city itself In the draft Law on Vietnam Urban Development Management (2019), it was determined that urban development management activities need to be systematic, based on planning, planning, ensuring the quality of infrastructure, urban services, and management, manage urban construction investment activities, urban financial resources and encourage the participation of organizations and individuals in urban planning, investment and construction 2.2 STEPS AND CONTENTS OF URBAN DEVELOPMENT MANAGEMENT 2.2.1.2 The steps of urban development management Goal setting Evaluation Forming urban development goals Operation Develop implementation policies Implementation of programs and projects Establishment of organizations (implementation apparatus structure) Building plans and strategies Establishment of training programs and projects Figure 2.1 Steps to build a unified urban development management (Source: Summary of Author) There are nine basic steps to take for urban development management including: i) Identifying problems; ii) Goal setting; iii) Policy formulation; iv) Develop and arrange implementation organizations and apparatus; v) Development of programs/projects; vi) Develop a plan/strategy; vii) Implementation of programs/projects; viii) Operation and maintenance; ix) Rating/evaluation 2.2.2 Contents of urban development management 2.2.2.1 Contents of urban management fields Urban governments (at the central or local level) are often interested in managing five basic and closely related urban areas: Urban land and resource use (to define urban development modeling), technical and social infrastructure as well as urban service provision, urban economic development, urban environmental management, and community welfare in society, especially vulnerable populations The diagram (Figure 2.4) shows the five basic areas and is arranged vertically in order of appearance from foundation to superstructure) Accordingly, the urban development model is the foundation for urban development orientation, deciding how to organize urban functional space based on land use planning, traffic arrangement in urban areas On that basis, the city can provide technical infrastructure These two platforms establish the basis for urban economic activities, generating urban mobility and production Next is shaping the landscape environment and quality of life Finally, social welfare is created and is the result of a reasonable combination of the above management contents Social welfare Welfare for social objects Urban economic development Urban land use and resources (urban development model) CÁC LĨNH VỰC QUẢN LÝ ĐÔ THỊ Urban environmental quality (urban landscape and environmental quality, urban safety Provide urban infrastructure (technical + social) and urban services) Urban environment Urban economic development Provide urban infrastructure (technical + social) and service Use of land and urban resources (urban development model) Figure 2.2 Contents of urban management fields and the vertical arrangement of these fields in urban space (Source: Summary of Author) 2.2.2.2 Managing dynamic relationships in the city Management of urban mobility flows, including daily movement of people and flows in and out of urban areas, from rural areas to urban areas and vice versa This is related to strict management of urban population, migration and out-migration flows 2.2.2.3 Managing security, safety, urban security and and towards to enhancing adaptability, resilience to risks In the current context, in addition to the requirements of social security (accessibility to basic services for all, especially for the vulnerable, reduction of inequality in urban society ), safety (fire prevention, fire, disaster plane crash, road accident or environmental natural disaster, fire, seismic resistance, high tide and flood ), and defence security in urban areas, urban areas need to be managed to ensure the adaptability and resilience of urban areas to the impacts of climate change, shocks or possible risks 2.3 LAW, POLICIES FOR IMPLEMENTATION OF CONTENT ON URBAN DEVELOPMENT MANAGEMENT Countries and urban governments all need policy and institutional tools to manage urban development, usually including: 2.3.1 Institutions and policies for urban development management: including the formulation of laws related to the management of urban development contents and major policy frameworks 2.3.2 Urban system planning and urban planning define urban development models for urban systems and organize functional spaces for each urban area to ensure efficient land use, protection of natural resources, optimize investment and construction resources 2.3.3 Regulations, standards and criteria for urban development management: As a tool to concretize and determine the required and achieved criteria of the urban fields (corresponding to the characteristics and objectives, development vision) to achieve totality and system in management Helps to divide management work into small goals and orientations, organize implementation, control, tally and evaluate performance results 2.4 THE CONCEPT OF GREEN GROWTH AND URBAN DEVELOPMENT ASSOCIATED WITH GREEN GROWTH 2.4.1 The concept of green growth and related issues The concept of "Green growth" The formal definition of GG is still being discussed in light of its suitability to the applicable national or urban context Some of the basic “concepts” that were initially mentioned were: “GG is about promoting economic growth and development, while natural assets will still be secured to continue to provide essential resources, services, environment to human life To this, technology and investment are needed as catalysts to create the basis for sustainable development and create new economic opportunities” [OECD] In the National Green Growth Strategy for the 2021-2030 period, with a vision to 2050 (Decision 1658/QD-TTg), the strategic view is that “GG in Vietnam is a way to accelerate the process of economic restructuring to move towards the effective use of natural resources, reduce greenhouse gas emissions through research and application of modern technologies, develop infrastructure systems to improve the efficiency of the economy, respond to climate change, contribute to hunger eradication and poverty reduction, and create a driving force for sustainable economic growth” Green growth and sustainable development Green growth is said to be a part of sustainable development (the concept of green growth is narrower than sustainable development, it focuses on the content of economic growth and the environment, while sustainable development needs to achieve all pillars, namely socioeconomic - environment) TTX focuses on two important pillars, namely the economic pillar and the environmental pillar, while the issue of social justice will be considered and integrated into the above two pillars 2.4.2 The concept of urban development management associated with green growth There is no officially unified concept of urban development management associated with green growth in the world Circular 01/2018/TT-BXD of the Ministry of Construction stipulating the criteria for GG urban construction has a number of important contents: A GG city is a city that achieves economic growth and development through urban policies and practices that reduce adverse impacts on the environment and natural resources This definition emphasizes two important pillars of green growth goals: economic development and environmental protection GG urban construction is urban planning and construction activities; elaboration and implementation of training programs; investment in urban development towards urban centers Thus, GG urban construction is an activity that covers the entire process from planning to implementation The Circular clearly identifies the need to include a system of evaluation criteria to guide urban development and serve as a basis for urban quality management associated with green growth Green growth Economy Environment Social justice is integrated into two pillars Green economic growth development policy Protecting resources Environment and creating sustainable ecosystems Economic policy Production – Consumption Urban input Production energy Material green material, Clean energy Apply technology… (GREEN, CLEAN, TREATMENT Output Energy Consumptio n Land Use (Model) Urban infrastructure Urban traffic urban space EFFECTIVE SUSTAINABLE URBAN Waste Solid Waste, Air, Water Other risks (NO/REDUCED POLLUTION) (CONTROLABLE) Urban output Input RESULT : Rapid growth Sustainable urban ecosystem, protected resource, high quality environment People's quality of life (just society) Figure 2.3 Integrating the objectives of the GG into the contents of urban management (Source: Author) The thesis proposes the understanding of GGUDM as follows: GGUDM is through policy tools, define management objectives to achieve the integration of Green Growth goals and contents into goals and contents (urban development management fields) at all steps of urban development management to achieve the goal/target of urban development in the direction of environmental protection, energy saving, land use and urban infrastructure investment efficiency, provision of green, environmentally friendly urban services, improvement of life quality , sustainable urban economic growth, improving urban adaptability and resilience to risks and challenges, encouraging resources and urban development partners This point of view will be used and understood throughout the thesis 2.4.3 Some effective urban operation models associated with green growth a Compact urban model; b Smart urban model; c Low carbon urban model; d Green urban model 2.5 POLICY FOR URBAN DEVELOPMENT MANAGEMENT ASSOCIATED WITH GREEN GROWTH BY GROUPS OF FACTORS OF ORIENTATION, IMPLEMENTATION, EVALUATION AND CRETERIA GGUDM needs to be implemented through legal bases and implementation policies and concretized through sets of indexes to identify groups of factors to guide, implement, and evaluate urban development process associated to reach green growth objectives as well as a specific set of criteria Many urban governments, research organizations called these tools as target task groups or indicators, allowing urban authorities to orient, control, direct the implementation and measure progress towards achieving GG goals and compare the results with other cities in the country or in the region The purpose of building the Green Growth Index includes: Solving urban development problems in the locality (identifying problems that need improvement and focus); Strengthen management orientation and evaluation; Support a comprehensive systematic decision-making process; Resolve conflicts and create consensus in implementation 2.5.1 Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development Index (OECD) The OECD proposes four groups of factors to orient, implement, and evaluate to manage urban development to achieve green growth, including: i) the efficiency in (use of) resources and impact on the environment, ii ) natural capital protection, iii) the quality of life and living environment; iv) opportunities for economic development and responsiveness of policies, 2.5.2 The Global Green Growth Institute (GGGI) Index There are 16 main criteria that are classified into groups of factors for orientation, implementation and evaluation, including: Efficient and sustainable use of resources; Natural capital protection; Green economic opportunities; Social integration 2.5.3 Green urban indexes The European Green Cities Index: identifies 16 quantitative and 14 qualitative criteria, which are classified into groups of directional, implementation, and evaluation factors, including: Housing, traffic, waste and use land use, water, air quality, environmental management, CO2, energy The Asian Green Cities Index: mentions eight groups of issues that need attention to guide implementation and control, including: energy and CO2, land use and constructions, traffic, waste, water, and sanitation ecology, air quality, and environmental governance Concretizing these groups are 29 specific criteria 2.6 EXPERIENCE ON URBAN DEVELOPMENT MANAGEMENT ASSOCIATED WITH GREEN GROWTH 2.6.1 Experience of Shenzhen (Guangzhou – China) 2.6.2 Experience of Singapore (Singapore) 2.6.3 Experience of the city of Hamburg (Germany) 13 3.3.5 Status of urban environmental quality and greening of urban services The urgent development of urban areas concentrated in the coastal plain, industrial parks, services, and seaports around Ha Long Bay is not only causing negative environmental impacts on urban spaces but also in urban areas, seriously affecting the world heritage site Ha Long Bay Only in the first months of 2019, the amount of garbage collected was 573 tons, of which 220 tons were onshore and 354 tons in Ha Long Bay Urban areas in economic zones such as Van Don economic zone, Mong Cai border gate economic zone, Quang Yen coastal economic zone also face problems of environmental pollution, solid waste management, marine environmental protection Table 3.2: Population size and wastewater volume in some urban areas of Quang Ninh province By functional area Amount of Name of urban Population (person) No wastewater areas (person) (m3/day) Urban Rural City Hạ Long 322.710 281.758 40.952 60.446,8 City Móng Cái 108.553 66.434 42.119 14.177 City Cẩm Phả 190.232 182.137 8.095 28.130 City ng Bí 120.982 113.416 7.566 17.769 Town Đông Triều 171.673 72.923 98.750 20.813 Town Quảng Yên 145.920 85.868 60.052 18.885 - There are still many unresolved consequences from urban development activities and urban economic development: Increasing pressure of domestic wastewater and solid waste; air pollution, especially in mining areas, transportation routes, mineral processing; Degradation of land resources tends to increase; Key economic-urban development areas of Quang Ninh such as Ha Long Bay, Bai Tu Long Bay, Van Don Economic Zone, Quang Yen Coastal Economic Zone, and Border Gate Economic Zone still have not met a number of criteria on environmental protection in the period 2016 -2020: The rate of urban wastewater collection and treatment has only reached 27.7% (compared to the target by 2025, with the rate of wastewater collection and treatment in Ha Long concentrated urban areas, Cam Pha, Van Don, Quang Yen reached over 65%); 04/8 criteria have not been met, including: Rate of urban domestic solid waste collected and treated; Percentage of districts, towns and cities having sanitary solid waste treatment zones; Percentage of urban population using clean water; Percentage of industrial parks with centralized wastewater collection and treatment systems before go into operation 3.3.6 Challenges in urban development management associated with green growth in Quang Ninh province From the above facts, it can be seen that the challenges of urban development management associated with green growth in Quang Ninh province are facing are: - Challenges in the implementation framework of GGUDM at the national level: The legal framework to promote the implementation UDM at the national level has not updated the target contents of UDM associated with GG as legal conditions for application in Quang Ninh province - Challenges from the locality: Urban areas of Quang Ninh province are facing many problems in urban development associated with green growth, specifically in the following issues: 14 a) The urban development model has not been defined specifically The urban system and key urban areas of Quang Ninh province are at risk of being affected by climate change and sea level rise b) Legal institutions for UDM and UDM associated with GG in the area are still limited: The provincial government has no plan for urban development associated with green growth for the next period, no policy framework to manage urban problems systematically c) The urban economic transformation from brown to green is still limited d) Urban environmental quality is still limited Urban technical infrastructure standards in urban areas are still not guaranteed Social infrastructure and urban technical infrastructure have not kept up with the speed of urbanization, not meeting the development requirements towards the goal of GG e) Social justice is an issue when urban development is increasing CHAPTER 4: CRITERIA GROUPING OF ORIENTATION - IMPLEMENTATION EVALUATION, ASSESSMENT AND RANKING SPECIFIC CRITERIA FOR URBAN DEVELOPMENT MANAGEMENT ASSOCIATED WITH GREEN GROWTH IN QUANG NINH PROVINCE 4.1 CRITERIA GROUPING OF ORIENTATION - IMPLEMENTATION EVALUATION, ASSESSMENT FOR URBAN DEVELOPMENT MANAGEMENT ASSOCIATED WITH GREEN GROWTH 4.1.1 Identifying groups of orienting – implementation - evaluation factors and criteria for urban development management associated with green growth goals in current policies The thesis evaluates the criteria and standards in the current urban development management policy, namely Resolution 1210 on urban classification and Circular 01/2018/TT-BXD on indicators of urban green growth to identify groups of factors need to be oriented, implemented and evaluated for urban development management to be associated with green growth As can be seen, the fundamental criteria that every city (depending on the type to be assessed) needs to be oriented, implemented and evaluated can be classified into groups: institutional; economy; urban environmental quality and greening urban services; and social These groups are relatively consistent with the groups oriented in Circular 01, however, there is a need to rearrange the criteria concretize these groups to be more suitable with the GG objectives, in line with the control process the input and output of the urban development is in the GG direction 4.2 ASSESSMENT AND RANKING SPECIFIC CRITERIA FOR URBAN DEVELOPMENT MANAGEMENT CASSOCIATED WITH GREEN GROWTH IN QUANG NINH PROVINCE ON THE BASIS OF SOCIAL SURVEY 4.2.1 Survey method and analysis a Survey method In order to be able to build and test a set of criteria that concretize groups of factors covering the field of urban management and development associated with green growth in Quang Ninh as identified above, the thesis conducts expert consultation, builds build questionnaires, conduct practical surveys, use data analysis software to check the suitability and feasibility of the criteria In order for the statistical analysis to have reliable results, the number of ballots distributed is 350 people (ensure the sample size (question answer sheet) >= times the number of 15 questions), of which 12 votes are invalid, so the results 338 usable answer sheets With the relevant survey of experts and senior managers, 34 votes were collected c Analytical model to establish a set of sample matrices Figure 4.3 Model of interaction between groups of factors for orientation, implementation, evaluation and 36 criteria concretizing urban management contents associated with green growth The thesis has established a model of mutual influence between groups of factors for orientation, implementation, evaluation (4 groups) and initial concretized criteria (36 criteria) (Figure 4.3), building a data and perform analysis using commercial software SPSS and AMOS running on SEM Model The analysis results show that from the initial 36 criteria, the criteria can be reduced to 26 criteria (after testing by analyzing the reliability of the observed variables (Cronbach's Alpha analysis), analysis of exploratory factors (EFA - Exploratory Factor Analysis), SEM model verification to eliminate similar and mutually inclusive criteria to find criteria that are closely related to each other in order to build the best management system The results are as follows: Table 4.3 26 criteria belonging to four groups of factors of orientation-implementationassessment of urban development management associated with green growth in Quang Ninh province No CRITERIA symbol Urban master planning integrates green growth and climate change goals TC1 GROUP 1: Specific strategies, action plans and policies are issued towards the INSTITUTI goal of green growth and climate change response TC2 ONS, (TC) Rate of online public services TC6 Build urban management data set associated with GG TC7 GDP contribution from green economic sectors KT1 GROUP 2: The proportion of workers in the creative and technological sectors URBAN of the economy increases KT2 16 No CRITERIA ECONOMY The general income of the citizen related to the green economic (KT) sector (tourism, high-tech clean agriculture, .) Public transport usage rate increases, private transport rate decreases Reducing means of transport with emissions causing environmental pollution higher than permitted regulations Percentage of renewable energy used in urban living Integrating urban drainage infrastructure system with green space and public space system to achieve the goal of landscape conservation, establishing living environment and urban ecology; Deploying solutions to cope with sea level rise and saltwater intrusion Increase drainage capacity for large sections of urban areas (Reduce flooding) GROUP 3: Rate of wastewater and solid waste collected and treated meets URBAN standards and regulations ENVIRON Percentage of clean water produced from municipal wastewater MENT (MT) (water recirculation capacity) Reduce the number of areas heavily polluted with water and soil environment Reducing environmental pollution caused by coal ore mining, thermal power and industrial plants Reduce electricity loss rate Increasing the number of urban areas in the direction of green, ecological, and energy saving are built Increase the number of recognized Green Buildings Increase government investment in green project development in the province/city Encourage private investment for green development Strict population management, especially temporary residents, tourists Increase the number of social housing for low-income people GROUP 4: New construction of projects, supply sources, clean water supply SOCIAL network systems (XH) Planning and construction to increase public space, green parks, clear encroachment on public space, urban civilization construction management symbol KT3 MT1 MT2 MT4 MT7 MT8 MT9 MT11 MT12 MT14 MT16 MT17 MT18 MT20 MT21 MT22 XH1 XH2 XH4 XH5 4.2.2.5 Evaluation and ranking of urban development management criteria associated with green growth To rank according to the importance and feasibility of the criteria The thesis continues to conduct the expert interview method (34 people) to assess and score points to rank the criteria with levels of assessment: the level of importance (very important and important) and the level of feasibility (high and average) (calculated in % and converted to a scale of 10) The priority score of a criterion will be the sum of the importance score and the feasibility score Statistical 17 results evaluating the priority of the criteria to manage urban development associated with TTX in Quang Ninh province are shown in the following table: Table 4.4: Ranking of criteria based on survey results total Priority No CRITERIA symbol score rating Specific strategies, action plans and policies are issued towards the goal of green growth and climate change TC2 9.35 response Planning and construction to increase public space, green XH5 9.18 parks, clear encroachment on public space The general income of the citizen related to the green KT3 8.24 economic sector (tourism, high-tech clean agriculture ) Increase drainage capacity for large sections of urban MT9 8.18 areas (Reduce flooding) Reduce the number of areas heavily polluted with water MT14 8.06 and soil environment Reducing environmental pollution caused by coal ore MT16 mining, thermal power and industrial plants New construction of projects, supply sources, clean water XH4 7.88 supply network systems Increase government investment in green project MT21 7.76 development in the province/city Encourage private investment for green development in MT22 7.71 the province/city The proportion of workers in the creative and 10 KT2 7.53 10 technological sectors of the economy increases Urban master planning integrates green growth and 11 TC1 7.41 11 climate change goals 12 GDP contribution from green economic sectors KT1 7.35 12 Rate of wastewater and solid waste collected and treated 13 MT11 7.29 13 meets standards and regulations Integrating urban drainage infrastructure system with green space and public space system to achieve the goal 14 MT7 7.18 14 of landscape conservation, establishing living environment and urban ecology; Deploying solutions to cope with sea level rise and 15 MT8 7.12 15 saltwater intrusion Public transport usage rate increases, private transport 16 MT1 7.06 16 rate decreases Increasing the number of urban areas in the direction of 17 MT18 6.94 17 green, ecological, and energy saving are built 18 Increase the number of recognized Green Buildings MT20 6.82 18 19 Rate of online public services TC6 6.76 19 20 Build urban management data set associated with GG TC7 6.71 20 Increase the number of social housing for low-income 21 XH2 21 people 18 No CRITERIA 22 Percentage of renewable energy used in urban living Reducing means of transport with emissions causing 23 environmental pollution higher than permitted regulations Percentage of clean water produced from municipal 24 wastewater (water recirculation capacity) Strict population management, especially temporary 25 residents, tourists 26 Reduce electricity loss rate (Source: Author's survey) MT4 total Priority score rating 6.06 22 MT2 6.29 23 MT12 6.24 24 XH1 6.18 25 MT17 5.88 26 symbol Assess the priority level of the criteria set to orient, implement and evaluate urban development management associated with green growth in Quang Ninh: - 1st place: 10 criteria are ranked in order from 1-10 Accordingly, the top importance in the implementation priority is TC2- demonstrating the importance of specific main strategies and action plans promulgated towards the goal of green growth and climate change response in the province Next is also a criterion emphasizing the importance of specific and immediatelyimplementable planning related to shaping the construction of public spaces and green parks in urban areas The following environmental criteria confirm the need to solve the hot issues and major challenges of the current urban system in Quang Ninh province, which is the problem of increasing drainage capacity to reduce flooding; pollution of land and water resources; clean water protection Then is the priority for the group of criteria related to the allocation of resources for implementation At the bottom of this priority group is the shift of the labor structure to the green economy - 2nd place: 10 criteria are ranked in order of priority from 11-20 If priority group is related to solving a series of criteria with basic value and background criteria in promoting green growth in the province, the next group of 10 criteria continues to affirm the important role of solving green growth solve environmental problems, related to the treatment of waste sources into the environment in the province, including solid waste treatment, wastewater, large-scale drainage, infrastructure capable of coping with climate change Next are the criteria on promoting public transport, limiting personal vehicles to increase land and energy efficiency as well as reduce emissions in urban areas Green urban areas and green buildings play an important role together with the green transport system to create urban utilities and services in the direction of greening - 3th place: The last criteria are ranked from 21 to 26: This is a group of criteria with advanced value on renewable energy, focusing on the development of renewable energy, clean local energy and enhance the circulation of urban water resources, leading to long-term mastery of energy and urban resources ... Urban economic development Urban land use and resources (urban development model) CÁC LĨNH VỰC QUẢN LÝ ĐÔ THỊ Urban environmental quality (urban landscape and environmental quality, urban safety Provide... 190.232 182.137 8.095 28.130 City ng Bí 120.982 113.416 7.566 17.769 Town Đông Triều 171.673 72.923 98.750 20.813 Town Quảng Yên 145.920 85.868 60.052 18.885 - There are still many unresolved... Quang Ninh province Chapter 4: Criteria grouping of orientation- implementation - evaluation and ranking specific criteria for urban development management associated with green growth in Quang Ninh