Lg Quang Duy va Dtg T3P chi KHOA HQC & CONG NGHE 176(16): - MQT SO VAN DE KHI THIET K £ , CHfi T ^ O MAY MAI PHUC HOI BE MAT LAM VIEC KHUON EP V I £ N NEN MtiN CI/A D=750MM - 1000 MM Lg Quang Duy'*, Phan Van Nghi', Nguyin Thai Binh', Cao Thanh Long^ Trudng Dgi hgc Ky thugl Cong nghiep — DH Thdi Nguyin 'Dai hoc Thdi Nguyen TOM T A T Bai bio trinh bay mot nghien ciiu thi€t k6 \k chg tao may mai phuc hoi be mat lam viec khuon ep vien nen mun cua co dudng kinh 16 tir 750 mm d£n 1000 mm Cac vSn d£ v l cdu tnic dpng hoc, thong so cac chuyen dong va kha nang cong nghe cua may diroc tinh toan, thiSt k8 tren co so giai ma va cai tlSn cac may mai hlSn co tren thi trudng va ngoai nirdc, phu hop vol trinh dp ky thuat va cong suat mai phuc h6i long khudn dp tai cic doanh nghiep san xuat vien nen mun cua xuat khau Cac van de ma sat, djnh vj, kep ch3t khudn qua trinh mai dien dugc ti'nh toan theo cac phuong phap co hpc IruySn thdng Bin ve ket cau mpt so bd phan chinh va toan may cfing dupe trinh bay npi dung bai bao Til' khda: Mdy mdi mat trong, khuon ep vien nen miin cua, vien nen miin cua mdi vo tdm MODAU Trong nhfing nam gan day, Viet Nam va h^ng lo^t cac quoc gia tren the giai dang phai ganh chiu nhirng hau qua nghiSm hi?n tuong bien doi hau Trai dat nong len Nguyen nhan chii yeu cua hien tuoTig la sy: tang nong nha kinh (CO2, CH4, C F C ) sii dung nhien lieu hoa thach thai ^^° quyen hang nam Nam bat dugc nhu cau cang Ion ciia thi truang, t^i Viet Nam, nhieu cong ty FDI va nucfc da dau tu' day chuyen san xuat hien d^i, chang h?n: Cong ty CPDT Minh Phat t?i Binh Phuoc; Cong ty TNHH San xuSt Xuat Nhap khau va Thuong mai Gia Vu; Ninh Binh; Cong ty TNHH Thanh Lam, Quang Ninh; Cong ty CPDT Thirong mai va San xuat Nam Anh, Ha Noi; Cong ty TNHH UJU VINA, Thai Nguyen; Cong ty TNHH Biomass Nam Long TP Ho Chi Minh; Cong Ty TNHH MTV Mai Anh Dong Thap, Dong Thap De san xuat vien nen mim cua co hai loai vanh khuon dugc sii dung: (1) Lo ep de t^o vien nen (co hinh tru duang kinh mm, phan tiep giap vdi qua nen co hinh con) dugc bo trf tren m^t dau va (2) 16 ep vien dugc bo tri tren d&ng khac nghiep mat tru khuon.Trong do, hau het khuon ep dugc Hinh I Cdc yeu Id dnh huang den hien lugng trdi sir dyng dting (2) vi cho nang suat cao, chat lugng vien ep dong deu (Hinh 2) Tuy nhien, ddt ndng len [1] khuon CO gia rat cao va kho che tao Trucfc thuc trang tren, cac nha khoa hpc trfin the gi6i da khuyen nghi can phai thay vi?c sy dyng nhien lieu hoa thgch (dau mo, than da) bang nhung nguyen lieu re tien, ben vfing, than thien vai moi truong.Trong do, vien nen miin cua (wood pellets, mot dang biomass) da va dang dugc su dung cang nhieu tai cac nuac phat trien tren the gioi mI Tel 0977 611918 Email duylequang.ch@gmail.com Hinh Mgt so dgng vdnh khuon ep kiiu vdnh L6 Quang Duy vd Big lEip chi KHOA HQC & CONG NGHE Trong qua trinh lam viec, vanh khu6n phai chiu ap lire nen 16n tai 500 MPa, chju ma sat lan va nhiet len din 500°C - 600°C, dieu g^y nhung hu hong dac biet nghiSm trpng cho vanh khuon, cy thi la: - Phan kim loai tax mieng cac 16 khuon tren vanh khuon bi bien dang, bit kin mieng lo khuon - Mpt so vung kim loai tren 16 vanh khu6n bi \\m ep khoe liet - Nut \h khuon ep tren vanh khu6n - Be mM khuon bi mon khong deu Do vay, dl giam chi phi mua vanh khuon mdi (toan bp dugc nhap khau nude chua san xuat dugc), h? gia san pham, tang hieu qua su dung cua vanh khuon, chu dpng vanh khuon du phdng thay the va phuc hoi cac thdng sd ky thuat Id khudn, viec mai lai be mat cua vanh khu6n la viec lam bat bupc va theo chu ky Do do, van de nghien ciiu thiet ke va che tao 01 mau may mai phuc hdi long khudn ep vien nen chuyen dimg la mpt vi^c lam can thiet va mang tinh cap bach nham dap iing nhu cSu ciia cac co so san xuat vien nen miin cua xuat khau tren pham vi ca nude Cac chi tieu ve thiet ke may ciia nhdm nghien cuu datra nhu sau: I- Ket cau dan gian, dam bao nang suit va chat lupng be mat sau mai phuc hdi + Chi phi ban dau thap + De van hanh, sir dung + Tiet kiem dien nang tieu thu THIET KE MAY MAI Chon mo hinh nguyen ly lam viec may mai mat tru Nguyen ly ldm viec cda cdc mdy mdi Id: Theo [2] m^y mai 16 dugc chia Iam hai d^ng chinh tiiy thudc vao vi tri ciia true chinh: may mai true ngang va may true dung Chuyen ddng tJio hinh tren may mai tron g6m: Chuyen ddng cit chinh dau da thirc hien; chuyen dgng chay dao vong, co thi chi tilt mai hoac dau da th\re hien; 176(16): 3-y chuyin ddng ch^y dao dpc \k ch^iy dao hudng kinh, thudng dau da thuc hien Hinh minh hpa cic chuyin ddng cua kilu mai tron cd tam: Hlnh Sa cdc chuyen dgng cua mdy mai trdn cd tdm Hinh minh hpa chuyen dpng mai tron vd tam: Hinh Sa mdi trdn vd tdm 1} dd mdi 2) dd ddn 3) phdi 4)con Idn 5} lm Hien mdt sd kieu may dupe sii dung de mai v^nh khudn eo' Idn va ngoai nude; + May tien dung OM2800 Dirong kinh 16 gia cdng Idn nhit 1600 mm, chilu dai 16 600 mm Hinh Mdy tien dung OM2800 + May mai true dung CNC Die Grinder Model 1700 dudng kinh lo gia c6ng Idn nhat 1200 mm.chilu dai Id 700 mm Hinh May mai dung 1700 Le Quang Duy vd Dig 176(16): 3-9 T^p chf KHOA HOC & CONG NGHE Cac loai may tien dumg va may mai CNC neu tren cd the gia cdng dugc cac chi tilt cd kich thudc lan, dp cung vung eao nhung ddi hdi ehi phi dau tu Idn chi phii hgp vdi d?uig san xuat lo^t Idn, hang khoi De dam bao vanh khudn c6 thi tai sii dung, sau mgt thdi gian Iam viec nhat dinh, bl mat ciia vanh vdi dudng kinh tii 750 mm -^ 1000 mm can dupe mai phue hdi dam bao cac yeu ciu ky thu|t sau day: - Vanh khudn sau mai phuc hdi phai dat dp bdngRa< 1.6 fim - Dam bao dung sai d§ dong tSm gifia mat try ngo^i va m|t try kh6ng vugt qua 0.05mm - Be mat sau m^i khdng bi ch^y, thoat cac-bon *Lira ch9n mo hinb miy mai: Nham dap ung cac ygu cau cong nghe, k^ thu^t, tinh kinh te nhdm tac gia de xuat mo hinh may mai 16 kieu mai vd tam nam ngang c6 nguySn ly nhu Hinh Chi tiet gia cdng (2) dupe dinh vj tren hai lan (1) va (4) Chi tiet dugc kep chat bdi trpng luc va lyc cM theo phuang hudng kinh Thong so cua may dugc xac djnh d\ra tren md hinh v^nh khudn Hinh + Chuyen dgng chinh la ehuyen ddng quay ciia da nj; + Chuyen ddng chay dao vong la chuyen dpng quay cua phdi np; + Chuyen ddng quay lan chii ddng (1) cap ehuyen ddng cho phdi n^i thdng qua lire ma sat giua(l)va(2) + Chuyen ddng tinh tien khu hdi Sj; + Chuyen dpng ddng an dao ngang Sn *Sa cau triic ddng hgc may: (Xem hinh S) *Cac thdng s6 dong hoc may: Chuyen ddng cat chfnh dupe dpng ca dien M2 dugc lap true tiSp vdi da mai qua true tmng gian, cung cap Phoi Hinh Sa cdu true ddng hoc Chuyen ddng chay dao dpc dupe ddng ca lien hop giam t6c M3 qua khau dieu chinh ichd, qua vit me toi gia lap dau da, vdi lugng di dpng tinh toan: t^ = n^JcM-Km (1) Truyen dpng chg.y dao vong bao gdm dpng ca Ml, qua khau dieu chinh iph tdi phdi (vanh khudn), cd lugng di ddng tfnh toan: n^ -n^Jp^ (2) Chuyen ddng an dao ngang Sn dugc thuc hien bang tay Xac dinh che dp cong nghe may Che dp cdng nghe dugc xac dinh tii sd tay [3] va dugc trinh bay Bang 1: Bang I Chi dd cdng nghe mdy mdi Hinh Sa mdi vdnh 16 I) Con lan chd dgng 2) Phdi 3) Dd mdi 4) Con Idn bi dgng Thiet ke may mai phuc hoi lo khuon ep vien nen miin cua Theo Hinh cdc chuyin dpng ciia may nhu sau: TT Vphii (m/s) SOSO 35 (m/ph) 15-40 15 t,(mm) 0,0020,015 0,002 s, (mm/ph) 60-88 86 Bang thuc nghiem, chpn che dp Ghi chu LS Quang Duy va Btg Tap chi KHOA HQC & CONG NGH$ THIET KE CAC B O PHAN CHINH Bg truyen chay dao doc khu hoi Lugng chgy dao l&n nhdt vd nho nhat xdc dinh nhu dugc 4.U,50 , =1,4 mm rfi^j _^.40 _ (8) D I dam bao d i l u kien 6n djnh theo [6] chpn thdng sau: 176(16):3-9 so vit me:rf^ =20mm, d = 23 mm,t^^=\o d^^lSmm, mm Tinh todn l^a chgn dgng ca chgy dao dgc: M6men tr8n ren: T,=F^.-.tan(r+p')i^) Trong d la dudng kinh trung binh ciia ren, Y%6c nSng ren, y = tari'^(t / nd) = lX, gdc ma sat quy ddi lanp'= Hinh Sa kit cdu chgy dao doc I) Bdn mdy 2) Con trugi bi 3) Ray Irual 4) Gdi bi 5) Bdnh rdng I 6) Bdnh rdng 7) Bdng ca hin gidm toe 8) Vit me bi 9) Dai 6c bi 10) Gdi bi II) Con Irugl 12) Dd mdi 13) Dgng ca Theo [3] chpn lugng chay dao gidi han; 5^„ =S(imm/ph va S^ =400mm/ph K i t ciu c a ciu chgy dao dgc trinh bay hinh Do luc dpc true mai rat nhd [4], nen luc d l tinh toan vft me bi F^ la luc ma sat sinh gifta trupt va ray: C=fl^ N„=M^.g (3) (4) Trong F'^^ la luc ma sat giii'a trupt bi va ray f:hes6masat[5](f=0,l) N,j phan luc phap tuyen tuang duong ray trugt tae dyng len trugt bi p' 0,1=> p'=5,T' T, =50.—.ton('7,8 + 5,7; = !38,05A^.mm (10) Cdng suat Idn nhat ciia dong ca: 0,138.2 3,14.1450 ^.2kW{}\) ^-7:-^,/H 60.1000 N h u vay, de dam bao lupng chay dao Idn nh^J va nhd nhat cung nhu cong suat yeu cau, sii dung ddng c a lien hop giam tdc c6ng suat 0,4 kW, tdc dp vong quay 1450 vg/ph, ti so truyin 1/43 ket hpp vdi bp dieu khien vfi cap bang bien tan Thiet ke true mang da Lua chgn dd mai: Vat lieu lam vanh khudn ^p thudng sit dung thep hgp kim C r l va cd d6 cung HRC > 50 vSy theo [4] chon loai da mai co thfing so nhu sau: Ctr60MV2G -V1 - 250.25.32 Lira chgn cong suat vd toe dgng ca qut^ dd: Cdng suat hftu feh mai theo [3]: N = C^.V;,.t'.S\d''{kW) ^id khdi lugng tu'ong duong quy d6i ciia cac ch\X\k,M,j=5Qkg (12) Tttjng CN la he sd phu thupc vat Heu gia cong Vph - van tflc cua phdi, m/ph g gia toe trpng trudng, g = |Owj/a^ F^'=/A'^^ =0.1*500 = 50 A' t - chieu sau cat, mm (5) S - lugng chay dao, mm/vg d - dirdng kfnh phoi, mm Tinh chpn vit me bi: (6) "l^P^ Theo [3] ta chpn dugc cac he s6:Cft,=0,36 r = 0,35; x = y = Q,A;q = Q,3 N = 0,36.15''•*^0,02''•^l 3,13°'.850" Trong F^ - lyc dgc tryc (N) = \,21 kW d| - dudng kinh ciia ren vit (mm) (1^) Vdi F ^ = m / j t c dp dpng CO tinh toan: [