Theo chiing t6i, mpt each chung nhat, cd thd xac dinh hai vai co bin sau dly cua bat cii nhdm xa hpi nao trong xa hpi: - Vai nghd nghiep: Trong xa hpi, bat eir mpt ca nhan nao hay nhdm x
Trang 1P H A C THAO MO HINH LY THUYET VE
Le Thj Thanh Huang
Vien Tdm l\ hoc
Viec xac dinh mpt m6 hinh nhan each van hoa ciia m6t tang ldp xa hpi nha't dinh cd y nghTa rai ldn Mpt mat, m6 hinh dd la sir phan anh cu thd ehien lupc phat tndn con ngudi ciia dat nudc, do do ed y nghTa dinh hudng hoat dpng giao due ciia xa hpi Mat khac, dd m6 hinh dd cd thd trd thanh hien thuc hoa trong thuc tien cupc sdng thi m6 hinh phai bam sat thuc tien cupc sdng Noi
each khac, cin ed nhung dieu kien hien thuc dd m6 hinh da dupe xac dinh c6
thd phat trien, chang ban, cac co quan, t6 chiie cd trach nhiem can co nhung chfnh sach phii hop Nhu vay, viec xay dung mo hinh nhan each van hoa ciia mpt ting ldp xa hpi vira co y nghTa dinh hudng cho hoat dpng giao due vira la didm tua eho viec didu chinh eac chinh sach quIn ly xa hpi
1 Mpt sd xuat phat diem trong xay dung mo hinh ly thuyet nhan each van hoa tri thirc
Xudt phdt diem thif nhdt: Ten ggi cua md hinh quy dinh pham vi ngi dung cua md hinh vd gdc do tiep can nhifng mat cdu thdnh cu the
Nhiem vu dat ra la xay dung m6 hinh nhan each van hua ciia mpt tang ldp xa hoi Nhu vay, goc dp tiep can d day la tiep can lien khai niem: Nhan each va van hoa Vi vay, nhung npi dung can dupe chu trpng la nhirng gl thd hien rd nha't mdi quan he giiia nhan each va van hoa Chung ta deu hidu rang van boa la m6t khai niem cd npi ham rat rpng Trong van hoa co van hoa vat thd va van hoa phi vat thd Trong ITnh vuc van hoa phi vat thd c6 thd ed nhirng san phim ciia boat dpng nghe thuat dan gian nhu tuong, cheo, cac Id hpi, tin ngudng t6n giao va cd c l nhung net dac trung van boa dan toe thd hien trong each ling xir, quan he ciia con ngudi vdi ngudi khac, vdi xa hpi tu nhien va vdi ban than, nhung phim chat tam ly dan lpc Theo chiing toi, khi ban den nhan each van boa cin chii trpng den nhung dac trung van hoa iing xir trong cac mdi
quan he cua con ngudi - nhung gi thd hien sinh dpng nhat mdi quan he giira nhan each va van hoa Tir gdc dp van boa, chiing ta nghien ciiu nhan each nhu
nhu'no chii thd ciia cac hoat dpng xa hpi ton tai trong cac mdi quan he xa hoi
TAP CHI TAM LY H O C SO 8 (125) 8 - 2009
Trang 2phuc tap mang nhung net nhan each dac trung van boa dan tpc, cong dong ma con ngudl ca thd do la thanh vien Tir gdc dp nhan each thi khfa canh van hoa phi vat the ma cu thd hon la cac khuon m l u hanh vi iing xir cua con ngudi cong ddng ngudi trong cac mdi quan he vdi tu nhien, xa hpi (vdi nhiing quy mo khcic nhau nhu gia dinh, dong hp lang xa tpc ngudi, qudc gia, nhan loai ) va vdi ban than - nhung khu6n mlu hanh vi ung xir thd hien nhung net tam ly da trd thanh dac trung van hoa cho cong dong ngudi la khfa canh van boa thd hien sinh dpng nhat nhung nhan each - chii thd ciia ndn van boa dd
Xudt phdt diem thu hai: Chitc ndng, vai trd xd hdi cua nhdm xd hoi
cd nhdn each vdn hod duge nghien ciiu
Rat khd danh gia nhung net diic trung nhan each van hoa ciia con ngudi m6t each chung chung bdi gia tri ciia mpt net nhan each nao dd cdn tuy thupe vao chd no dupe xem xet trong nhung mdi quan he nao Nhan each thd hien gia tri xa hpi ciia mdi ca nhan, mdi nhdm xa hpi, ma cac gia tri xa hpi lai gin lien vdi nhung vai trd xa hpi ma ca nhan, nhdm xa hpi dim nhan Tren thuc te moi
ca nhan, mdi nhom xa hpi thuc hien nhidu vai khac nhau trong nhung mdi quan
he khac nhau Vi vay, di cd thd xac dinh va danh gia chinh xac hon nhung dac
didm nhan each van hoa ciia ca nhan hay nhdm xa hpi nhat dinh, can xuat phat tir nhirng chiic nang, vai xa hpi ciia hp trong mot sd mdi quan he nhat dinh Theo chiing t6i, mpt each chung nhat, cd thd xac dinh hai vai co bin sau dly cua bat cii nhdm xa hpi nao trong xa hpi:
- Vai nghd nghiep: Trong xa hpi, bat eir mpt ca nhan nao hay nhdm xa hpi nao ciing se tham gia (true tiep hay gian tiep) vao qua trinh phat tridn ciia
xa hpi va th6ng qua dd thd hien gia tri xa hpi ciia minh blng nhung boat dpng
da dang khac nhau, trong dd boat dpng nghd nghiep/hoat dpng lao dpng la boat dpng CO y nghTa rat quan trpng Vd co bin, m6i ca nhan hay nhdm xa hdi deu
CO thd dupe quy vao mpt nhdm nghe nghiep/lao dpng nao dd trong xa hpi Noi each khac tieu chi nghe nghiep la mpt trong nhung tieu chf co bin dd phan tach cac nhom xa hpi trong mpt cong ddng xa hoi chung Tir nhiing dac thii ngho nghiep ciia minh nhdm xa hpi nhat dinh se cd dupe vi tri xa hpi nhat dinh
va phli dim nhan nhung chiic nang xa hpi nhat dinh Nhung didu nay trong nhung bdi canh lich sir - xa hpi cu thd se quy dinh va ddi hdi con ngudi thuoc nhdm xa hpi dd phli cd nhirng dac didm nhan each van boa phii hpp, dap irng nhirng yeu cau ciia xa hpi
- Vai cong dim: Mdi ca nhan mdi nhdm xa hpi vdi tu each la mpt cau thanh tao nen mpt xa hpi c6ng dan ddu phli thuc hien vai trd cong dan ciia minh 0 mot miic dp nao dd (cd thd la dudi gdc dp phap luat) vai trd nay la nhu nhau ddi vdi tat ca cac nhdm xa hpi khac nhau nhung tren thuc tc cung seed nhung khac bicl (dudi goc dp nhirng doi hdi ciia du luan xa hdi cua nghe nghiep) do no chiu su chi phdi nhat dinh ciia vi trf xa hpi va chuc nang xa hpi
TAP CHI TAM LY HOC, SO 8 (125), S - 2009
Trang 3ma con ngudi cd dupe tir boat dpng nghd nghiep ciia minh Vai c6ng dan doi hoi eon ngudi thupe cac nhdm xa hpi khac nhau phai co nhirng dac didm nhan each van hoa va khuon mlu hanh vi iing xir phii hpp vdi giai doan phat tridn eu the ciia xa hpi, phii hop vdi he thdng cac ehuln muc hanh vi ma xa hpi do chap nhan Trong vai trd nay, nhung net dae trung nhan each van hoa cua con ngudi
cd thd dupe xem xet rd nha't trong cae mdi quan he vdi nhung ngudi khac, vdi dat nudc, dan tpc, nhan loai, gia dinh, ddng hp, cong dong va trong quan he vdi bin than
Hai vai neu tren (vai lien quan den boat dpng nghd nghiep va vai c6ng dan) tao nen hai mat cua m6 hinh nhan each van boa quy dinh tinh dac thii ciia hai mat eau thanh dd Trong vai c6ng dan thi npi dung chii yeu tap trung vao cac phim chat, cac khu6n mlu hanh vi irng xir trong cac mdi quan he neu tren Trong vai la nhdm xa hpi nghd nghiep thi viec nghien ciiu kh6ng chi tap trung vao cac phim chat nghd nghiep ciia nhan each, ma cdn cin tim hidu nhung nang luc nghd nghiep cua hp, xac dinh nhung mat yeu mat manh ciia hp trudc nhung yeu clu ciia thuc tidn phat tridn dat nudc
Xudt phdt diem thif ba: Bdi cdnh phdt trien
Van boa va nhan each khOng tTnh tai ma lu6n van dong Vi vay, viec nghien ciiu nhan each van boa ciia mpt nhom xa hpi nhat dinh kh6ng thd tach rdi khdi bdi canh phat tridn cu thd ciia dat nudc Bdi cInh phat tridn cu thd se dat ra nhung yeu cau ddi vdi moi con ngirdi, mOi nhdm xa hpi, bupc ca nhan hay nhdm phai thay ddi va ren luyen dc cd duoc nhung net nhan each van boa dap ling nhung ddi hdi ciia thuc tien phat tridn Nhirng nhiem vu ma xa hpi dat
ra cho ca nhan, nhdm xa hpi trong m6i giai doan phat tridn lich sir cu thd cung
la CO sd dd ngudi nghien ciiu cd the xac dinh nhung mat tfch cue va nhiing mat ban che trong nhan each van hoa ciia m6i ca nhan hay nhdm xa hpi, cung nhu xac dinh xem trong sd nhii'ng dac trung van boa ciia dan tpc thi dau la nhung dac trung co thd phat huy dd dat nudc, dan tpc tiep tuc phat tridn nhanh trong bdi d n h mdi, de m6i ca nhan cd the ddng gdp nhidu hon cho ,\a hoi \'a ban than, dau la nhung didm ban che can trd su phat tridn Nhu vay, tir xuat phat didm bdi canh phat tridn cu the, ngudi nghien ciiu co thd phac hoa mpt each chi tie't nhan each van boa ciia tang ldp xa hpi duoc nghien ciiu trong nhung giai doan phat tridn cu thd ciia lich sir dat nudc
2 Phac thao md hinh nhan each van hoa tri thirc
i-' " Trudc khi di xuat m6 hinh nhan each van hoa trf thuc, chimg toi xin neu
mdt sd y kien trong tiep can nghien cuii van de nay
Nhiing phim chat nhan each van hoa cua con ngudi thuc chai la nhirng aia tri duoc ca nhan tiep thu linh hpi hoiic sang tao ra tren co sd cac gia tri
TAP CHI TAM LY HOC, Sd 8 (125) 8 - 2009
Trang 4ehuln muc xa hoi Nhung viec tiep thu nhung gia tri, ehuln muc xa h6i cd nhieu cap dp khac nhau ^
Ndi de'n he gia tn, he ehuln muc cua con ngudi la ndi den mpt trat tu thu bac nhat dinh (chins han, theo tieu chf miic dp: quan trong - kh6ng quan trong,' mong mudn hay kh6ng mong mudn cin thiet - khong can thiet ) cua nhung gia tn, nhung ehuln muc ung xir ma ca nhin hay xa hoi da quy gan cho chung Trong tuong quan vdi nhung gia tri, ehuln muc khac trong he thdng Y nghTa xa h6i lam cho van dd he gia tn, he ehuln milc nhan each cua con nguoi duoc nhidu nha nghien ciru quan tam la d chd, cac gia tri dupe de cao trong hp thdng cd tinh thiic dly hanh vi ciia con ngudi, duoc hp ITnh hpi, nhap tam hoa thanh nhung phim chat cua bin than, qua dd tao nen gia tri xa hdi ciia nhan each ho Cho den nay, nhidu nha nghien cim da tim hidu he gia tri, he chuan muc nhan each ciia con ngudi dupe thd hien trong thuc tien cupc sdng va xem hanh dpng thuc tidn nhu ehuln danh gia duy nhat Day la mot hudng nghien cim hpp ly, bdi chf nhung gi that sir thOi thiic con ngudi hanh dpng thi mdi the hien dupe gia tri ciia chiing Tuy nhien, mot cau hdi dat ra, lieu trat tu thii bac ciia cac gia tn trong he thdng gia tri, ehuln miic xa hpi cd nhu nhau ddi vdi ca nhan khi xem xet d nhung cap dp khac nhau (chlng han, cap dp nhan thirc, cap
dp hanh vi ) hay kh6ng? Neu ed su khac nhau thi viec tim hidu he gia tri the hien d cap dp nhan thirc cd y nghTa hay khong trong mdi quan he vdi van dd hinh thanh va phat tridn nhan each con ngudi theo dinh hudng phii hpp vdi nhii'ng yeu clu ciia thuc tidn phat tridn dat nudc?
Theo chiing t6i, viec nghien ciiu qua trinh ca nhin npi tam boa he gia tri ehuln muc xa hdi (dd chiing trd thanh nhung phim chat nhan each cua ca nhan) cin phli dupe xem xet d nhung cap dp khac nhau Cd 3 cap dp can quan tam Do la cap dp nhan thiic, cap dp mong mudn - xiic cam va cudi cimg la cap
dp hanh vi (hanh dpng thuc tidn)'" Tren thuc te, hanh dpng thuc tidn nhu la sii thd hien khach quan he gia tri ciia ea nhan kh6ng phli la sir phin anh do'n giln
he gia tri do Dd hidu dupe thir bac cac gia tri trong he gia tri ciia ca nhan hay nhom xa hpi nao do cin phai xem xet d nhidu cap dp khac nhau va theo nhidu gdc dp khac nhau, tfnh den nhung mong mudn chii quan ciia ca nhan lln nhiing didu kien khach quan ma ca nhan cd dupe Ndi each khac, mdi tuong quan giira
he gia tri, he ehuln miic nhu mpt nhan td npi lire, ed tidm nang thiic dly nhan each hanh dpng va hanh dpng thuc tien cua nhin each kh6ng phli la mdi tuong quan don nhat Viec quan sat nhung hanh dpng cu thd ciia nhan each chua chae
da cho tha'y mpt each dly dii va chinh xac thu bac ciia cac gia tri trong he gia tri ciia nhan each Chinh vi vay, viec nghien cii"u he gia tri, he chuan muc nhan each van hoa con ngudi cin dupe xem xet d nhung cap dp bidu hien khac nhau Viec xem xet nhu vay rat ed y nghTa ddi vdi viec didu chinh khi cin thiet Chlng ban, trong trudng hpp khi ddi vdi ea nhan, thii bae eac gia tri d tat ca cac cap dp deu thdng nhat vdi nhau, nhung theo chidu hudng tieu cue khon" thuan
TAP CHI TAM LY HOC, Sd 8 (125) 8 - 2009
Trang 5Ipi cho sir phat tridn eiia ca nhan cung nhu ciia xa hpi thi cac gili phap dieu chinh phli tap trung tac dpng vao ca ba cap dp, hudng vao viec thay ddi nhan thiic khoi day nhirng xuc elm tfch cue va thay ddi cac dieu kien khach quan nham didu chinh hanh vi theo hudng tich cue Tuy nhien, trong trudng hpp co sir khong thdng nhat trong bidu hien he gia tri d cac cap do khac nhau, chang han nhung bidu hien d cap dp nhim thiic va mong mudn ddu phii hop vdi cac chuan danh gia ciia xa hpi, nhung d cap dp hanh vi lai cd gi dd kh6ng phii hop thi nhung giai phap didu chinh chii yeu se phai tap trung vao viec thay ddi nhirng didu kien sdng khach quan ban la nhim vao thay ddi nhan thirc va xiic elm ciia hp
Viec phan ehia cae cap dp thd hien he gia tri, he chuan mirc thd hien cac phim cha't ciia nhan each chf la tuong ddi Sir chuydn hoa cac gia tri d cap dp nay sang cap dp khac kh6ng chi chiu sir quy dmh cua nhiing nhan td chu quan,
ma trong nhieu trudng hpp, nhung dieu kien khach quan la nhung nhan td cd tfnh quyet dinh
Khi noi den cae phim chat nhan each van hoa ciia ting ldp trf thuc Viet Nam hien nay, theo chiing toi, it nhat ciing phai phan biet hai cap dp Trudc he't, dd la nhirng phim chat nhan each van hoa ma xa hpi doi hoi nhung ngudi trf thiic cin phai cd dd cd thd thuc hien tdt chirc nang xa hpi ciia minh va duoc ting ldp trf thirc nhin nhan la nhung gia tri quan trpng (day la nhiing gia tri d cap dp nhan thirc) Nhiing phim chat/gia tri nay dupe rut ra tir nhung nhan dinh
vd vai trd xa hpi ciia ting \ap trf thirc (vai trd nghe nghiep va vai trd c6ng dan),
bdi einh phat tridn va dinh hudng muc tieu phat trien ciia qudc gia trong mpt khoing thdi gian nha't dinh Tuy nhien, nhung phim chat nhan each van boa cin cd ddi vdi trf thirc Viet Nam hien nay dupe thd hien trong thuc tidn cupc sdng nhu the nao?, nhung gia tri, ehuln muc dupe nhin nhan la trf thiic can phli
cd da chi phdi hanh dpng thuc tien ciia hp den dau? (he gia tri, he ehuln muc nhan each van hoa d cap dp hanh vi) lai phu thupe vao rat nhidu nhan td khac nhau, bao gdm ca nhung nhan td ehii quan tir phia ngirdi tri thirc va ca nhung nhan td khach quan lien quan den m6i trudng van hoa - xa hpi, m6i trudng lam viec ciia ting ldp xa hpi nghd nghiep nay
Tren co sd hai xuat phat diem dau tien, chimg t6i dc xuat mo hinh nhan
each van hoa trf thuc gdm hai mat co ban:
1) Nhung phim chat hen quan true tiep den boat dpng nghd nghiep ciia trf thirc, gdm nhung phim chat co ban lien quan den nhung khfa canh sau dly:
': : - Mdt sd phim chat tu duy (vf du, tu duy sang tao, tu duy phan bien, tu
duy du bao )
' •'* • - Mpt sd phim chat nhan each khac cin thiet cho boat ddng nghd nghiep eiia trf thirc (vf du tinh trung thuc tfnh dung elm )
TAP CHI TAM LY HOC, Sd 8 (125), 8 - 2009
Trang 62) Nhung phim chat lien quan den vai trd cdng dan ciia ting ldp tri thiic (vf du, y thirc trach nhiem, xac dinh mdi quan he giua loi ich ca nhan - loi fch cdng ddng, dat nudc tinh than dan tpc )
Sir phan tach nhung loai phim chat nhin each van boa cua ngudi trf thiic nhu vay la cd tfnh tuo'ng ddi Tren thuc te, nhirng phim chat nhan each van boa neu tren (bao gdm nhung pham chat cin thiet cho boat dpng nghd nghiep va nhung phim chat dap iing vai trd cdng dan) duoc thd hien dan xen vao nhau, tac dpng lln nhau va bd xung cho nhau giiip ngudi tri thiic thuc hien tdt vai trd
xa hpi ciia minh trong su phat tridn chung ciia qudc gia va nhan loai
Nhung dac thii ciia boat dpng nghd nghiep ciing vdi chirc nang, vai tro
xa hpi ciia trf thiic la co sd cho viec hinh thanh va phat trien d trf thiic nhiing phim chat nhan each van boa dac trung Nhidu nha nghien ciiu da neu ra nhung phim chat nay Cd thd thay nhung phim chat sau day la nhung phim chat ndi trpi, dac trung ma nhung trf thiic chan chfnh thdi dai nao ciing cd:
- Tu duy sang tao dpc lap hoai nghi lanh manh, cd khi nang phin bien,
du bao, hp lu6n dat lai van di khong blng long vdi nhung cai cd sin, dupe coi
la da dn dinh, hp lu6n tu y thiic lai, tu phe binh bin than nhd dd giiip xa hpi tien tdi mot trat tu tdt dep hon (Vu Khieu, Ta Ngpc Lien (2006), Huynh KhIi Vinh (2001), Pham Tat Dong (1995), Chu Hao (2008), Hidcchiro Nakano (1996), Nguyen Ngpc (2008) ) / " "
- Quan tam den nhung van di xa hpi, dat nudc, luon gin ket nhung van
dd nghd nghiep vdi nhirng van dd ldn cua dat nude, dan tdc, nhan loai (Ta Nguc Lien (2006), Truong Thau (2006), Pham Tat Dong (1995), Paul Alexandre Baran, Nguyen Ngpc (2008) ) , ,
Trung thuc (Trln Hiru Dung (2008), F.A Hayek ) •'
Dam me cong viec, cd trach nhiem, dam hy sinh vi nghiep ldn (Ta Nguc Lien (2006), Trln Hiiu Dung (2008), F.A Hayek Nouven N^oc (2008) ) ' c ^
- Dung cam, dam bao ve quan didm ciia minh (Pham Tat Dong (1995), Trln Huu Dung (2008), F.A Hayek, Nguyen Ngpc (2008).' )
- Tu chii, cd y thiic tu do tu tudng (Trln Hiru Dung (2008) )
Co dao diic cd luong tn, cd tfnh nhin bin t6n thd ly tudng Chin -Thien - My (Pham Tat Dong (1995), Trln Hiru Dung (2008), F.A Hayek )
Nhirng pham chat nhan each van boa neu tren la nhirng phim chat ma
nguoi tn thirc can phai co di co thd hoan thanh tdt chiic nans va vai trd xa hoi
cua minh Cung chinh tren co sd thuc bicn mdt each nghiem liic, cd trach
TAP CHI TAM LY HOC, Sd 8 (125) 8 - 2009
Trang 7nhiem cac chu-e nang, vai trd xa hpi dd ma nhung ngudi trf thirc ldn, trf thiic chan chfnh mpi thdi dai cd dupe nhiing phim chat dd
Dang va Nha nude Viet Nam dat muc tieu den nam 2020 nudc ta se trd thanh mpt nude e6ng nghiep theo hudng hien dai Qua trinh thuc hien mue tieu
dd lai didn ra trong bdi cInh toan clu boa va hpi nhap qudc te ngay cang sau, rpng, tfnh canh tranh ngay eang gay git, trong khi Viet Nam hien la mpt nudc dang phat tridn, cd nhidu ban che' vd nhidu mat so vdi nhidu nudc tren the gidi Bdi canh dd dat ra trudc nhung ngudi trf thiic nhung nhiem vu mdi Neu nhu ngay xua, trong hoan canh ciia minh, tri thiic tran trd tim dudng ciiu nudc, danh dpc lap, tu do va hanh phiic cho nhan dan thi ngay nay trf thiic phli tran trd vd
nguy CO tut hau dang de nang len dat nudc (Vu Khieu) Di cd thd hoan thanh
dupe nhung nhiem vu ma dat nudc dat ra cho ting ldp trf thiic trong bdi canh phat tridn hien nay, ngudi tri thiic phli nd lire hon rat nhidu
Tir dac thii vd boat dpng nghd nghiep va chiic nang, vai trd xa hpi cua tang ldp tri thiic, tir nhung dac thii ciia bdi d n h phat tridn mdi va nhung nhiem
vu ma c6ng cupc phat tridn dat nudc dat ra, cd thd phac thao khai quat nhung net nhan each van boa co bin ma trf thiic Viet Nam trong thdi dai hien nay cin
cd nhu sau:
* Mot sdphdm chdt tu duy lien quan den hoat ddng nghe nghiep, ddp dng nhiing ddi hdi cua bdi cdnh phdt trien m&i Gdm:
- Tu duy dpc lap
- Tu duy sang tao/hoai nghi lanh manh
- Tu duy toan clu
- Tu duy vupt trudc (lien quan den ehiic nang dir bao)
* Mot sd phdm chat nhdn cdch vdn hod cdn thiet cho hogt ddng nghe nghiep ciia tri thifc Gdm:
- Dpng ca thanh dat
- Hiing thii nghd
- Dung d m / p h i n bien lanh manh/phe phan lanh manh
- Tinh than hop tac
- Y thiic trach nhiem
- Tinh tu tin
- Tinh trung thuc
- Tinh nang dpng/nhay ben
TAP CHI TAM LY HOC Sd 8 (125), 8 - 2009
Trang 8- Dinh hudng gia tri cOng viec ( d c gia tri: Thu nhdp thdng tien the hien cdi tin itu do tu tuong khdng dinh ban thdn trong xcl hdi hitng thu cd nhdn phdt huy ndng life, tinh dn dinh ciia cdng viec mao hiem)
* Mdt sd phdm chdt nhdn cdch khdc 5
Dinh hudng gia tri cupc sdng (ke't hpp hai boa loi fch ca nhin loi ich cong ddng dat nudc nhan loai )
- Dinh hudng phat tridn mdi trudng xa boi (dam bao dan chu c6ng blng
xa hpi phat trien ben vung )
- Co y thirc giu gin bin sic van boa dan tpc va tie'p thu c^ic gia tri van
hoa mdi nham phat trien van hoa Viet Nam
Nhung phim chat na\' cd that su tdn tai d ting ldp trf thirc Viet Nam hien nay hay khOng lai phu thuoc rat nhieu kh6ng chi vao ban than trf thirc ma vao c l nhung dieu kien sdng \'a lam N iec ciia hp hien nay
Chu thich
1 Xem them Le Thanh Huang "Ddnh gid dinh hudng gid tri cua con ngirdi" Tap chi
Tam Iv hoc, sd 7, 2003
Tai lieu tham khao
1 Vu Khieu (2006) Tri thirc Viet Nam then xua NXB Thuan Hoa '
2 Tran Dinh Hupu (1996) Den hien dgi tu truyen thdng, NXB Van hoa
•:.:': a
TAP CHI TAM LY HOC Sd 8 (125) 8 - 2009