Tgp Chi Khoa Hpc Gido Due Ky Thudt (32/2015) Truimg Bgi Hpc SuPhgm Ky Thugt TR Hd ChiMinh NGHIEN ciru, THI CONG HE THONG TICH LUY NANG Ll/gfNG DIEN DANG CAM K H A N G TREN TO RESEARCHING AND INSTALLING ACCUMULATED SYSTEM OF INDUCTANCE ENERGY IN AUTOMOBILE Phan Nguyen Qui Tam, Do Van Dung, Do Quoc Am, Nguyen Ba Hai Truang Dgi hoc Su Phgm Ky Thudt TPHCM Ngay tda soan nh$n bai 01/4/2015 phan bi$n danh gia 02/4/2015, chap nh$n dang 5/4/2015 TOM T A T Tren he thong dien vd dien tu to, nhieu ca cdu chdp hdnh co kit cdu tir cuon cdm nhu: cdc bobine ddnh lira, kim phun, van dien tir, rale Tgi cdc thdi diem chuyen mgch, tren cdc cuon ddy se xudt hien cdc xung dien tucdm co bien cao Sue dien dgng tir 80V den 400V neu tren dnh huong lan den tuoi tho linh kien dien tu, sinh nhiet vd gdy lang phi ndng luang Be tdi trinh bay kit qud nghien ciru vd thi cong mgt he thong thu hoi, tich liiy nguon ndng lugng diin cdm khdng nhimg giup bdo vi linh kiin bdn ddn md cung cdp cho cdc tdi dien hogt dgng gidn dogn tren xe, gop phdn tiet kiem dien ndng vd tieu hao nhiin lieu Tir khoa: hi thong thu hoi vd tich liiy ndng lugng, ndng lugng dien cdm, sue diin dgng tu cdm ABSTRACT In automotive electrical and electronic sysems, solenoid operated actuators have been used such as: ignition coils, injectors, solenoids, relays These solenoids will produce high electromotive force (EMF) as soon as that current interrupted suddenly These EMF with 80V to 400V altitude influence on the lifetime of electronic devices and waste energy This paper present result of research and design the inductance energy recovery system that not only protect electronic devices but also supply to electrical loads to save electrical energy and fuel Key words: recovery and accumulated enegy system, inductance energy, electromotive force I GIOH THIEU Ngay nay, eae bg ehap hanh eo ket cau til cuon cam dugc sit dung rjt ph6 bien tren he thang dien to nhu: bobine danh lira, kim phun, van dien tir, rale Tuy nhien, qua trinh hoat dong, dong dien di qua cac bp phan bj dong ngit dot ngot bai thiet bi dieu khien, a cac cuon cam se xuat hien eae sue dien dong tu cam hi 80V d^n 400V, gay hai cho eac thiSt hi dien tir khac Them vao dao dong tat din xuit phat tir cae xung dien neu h-en sinh nhiet tren mach dien la nguyen nhan gay t5n that nang lugog nhihu giai phap da dugc thuc thi dS han (,i,| 3„i, \nsimg nhung p h k Ion chi dimg ^ ^jg,, (rjgj (ieu ngu6n dien ap cam khang l(j,i chiing vira xudt hien Vi thS, phan tieh va dS xuit cac giai phap nhim thu hfii ngudn nang lugng dien cam la v6 ciing quan trgng Tren the gioi, nhieu cong nghe moi da dugc irng dung tren to nham tiet kiem nhien lieu nhu: cong nghe i-ELoop (Intelligent Energy Loop), Start-Stop, Hybrid Air, cDrive Cong trinh: VUracapacitors + DC-DC Converters in Regenenative Braking System, Tgp Chi Khoa Hpe Gido Due Ky Thugt (32/2015) Trirdng Dgi Hge Su Phgm Ky Thugt TPHd ChiMinh IEEE AESS System Magazine, August 2009, trinh bay ket qua nghien ciiu, thi cdng thiet bi thu hdi nang lugng tir he thdng phanh td, d cd tich hgp cac sieu tu, bd chuyen doi DCDC va board mgch vi xii ly Tai Viet Nam, da cd mdt sd cdng hinh nghien Cliu ve cudn cam va nang lugng dien nhu: Chuyen de cugn cdm vd ndng luang dien cdm trin hi thdng dien d td cua Luang Anh Tuan, Phdn tich sue dien dong tu cdm tren cuon day sa cdp hohine cua Vii Tien Dgt -Nguyen Chi Thi Hinh 3: Xung dien ap ciia van dien tii Noi dung: Nghien cuu, thi cong hi thong tich liiy ndng luang dien dgng cdm khdng tren to II KHAO SAT THlTC TE VA CHON PHirONG AN THU HOI NANG LlTONG Viec khao sat cac xung dien tu cam dugc tien hanh tren xe Toyota Camry 2001 vdi cac ket qua sau day: Khi xe hoat ddng, tren he thdng dien cd nhieu xung dien tu cam xuat hien tgi thdi diem ddng ngat ddng dien qua cac cudn day Day la mpt nhiing yeu td gay hai cho cac hop dieu khien dien tir Dang xung dien dugc trinh bay tren hinh den hinh Hinh 1: Xung dien ap so cap ciia bobine * ^ ^ Hmh 4: Xung dien ap cua cudn day Tir cac dang xung cua cac cudn day khac tren td, chiing ta cd the thay bien dp ciia xung kha Idn, phu thudc nhieu vao tdc dp bien thien cua tir thdng va sd vdng quan ciia cudn day Thdi gian dao ddng ciing thay ddi tiiy thudc vao thdng sd cua mach De tinh toan ddng dien va nang lugng ciia xung tu cam, ta su dung md hmh dugc trinh bay tren hinh TT- L ^ o ^ i - L ' L j - ~ J - ii.-: Hinh 5: So tinh toan mach dien dieu khien cudn day Cuong dp dong dien qua cuon day tai thoi diem khoa K ngat dupe xac dinh bai cong thue: 11 Hinh 2: Xung dien ap ciia kim phun 'CO : ( l - e jrong do: U: Dien ap accu i Tgp Chi Khoa Hpe Gido Dgc Ky Thugt (32/2015) Trudng Dgi Hpc SuPhgm Ky Thugt TP Hd ChiMinh R: Tdng trd cupn dSy RI: Dien trd ciia mach dieu khien K: Bo phSn ddng ngit mgch C: Tu dien dn dinh mgch Dien ap tu cam tren cudn day: R+Rl U,=L d'Ct) Niing luang tich liiy tren eupn d3y: Wti " iR + R, I Ket qua tinh toan nang lupng tich luy a cac ca can chap hanh bien tren to dupe trinh bay tren bang Bobme xoay chieu de nap cho tu d miic 14.2V Kim phun Thoi gian (t) 0,02 0.01 Nang iuong (J) 0,252 0,0117 Van dien tir Rale 0,01 0,0075 0.022 0,00015 Bang Thong sd thdi gian va nang lugng tich liiy mdi lan khda K ddng ngat Do tan sd hogt ddng cua cac solenoid kha Idn nen nang lugng tich liiy tu cac cudn day neu tren khdng nhd Chinh vi vay, ta cd the thu hdi nang lugng ttr cam thdng qua cac phuong an sau day: Cac giai phap thu hdi nang lugng tu cam dugc trinh bay tren hinh 6, 7, Hinh 6: Bd thu hdi dung tu dien xoay chi8u Bd thu hdi nang lugng {hinh 6) hoat dpng dua tren co che bien ddi xung dien ap tu cam dau vao (80V- 250V) tin hieu dien ap Hmh 7: Bd thu hdi dimg tu keo Bd thu sir dung tu keo dung lugng 630V-0.1pF cd chiic nang tgo nhjp bien dao ddng diing theo xung nhjp cua tdn sd xuat hien xung tu cam, sau dd di qua mgch cau diode chinh luu dien ap mpt chieu de ngp vao cac thiet hi luu trii X Hinh 8: Bd thu hdi diing cudn cam Tren hinh gidi thieu giai phap dua tren nguyen ly bien ap xung Xung tu cam xuat hien se qua cudn cam Ll Khi cudn cam Ll tich liiy dii nang lugng va dn dinh miic dien ap se giai phdng ngudn nang lugng ben sang cuon cam L2 Cupn cam L2 tgo xung dien dn dinh va mirc dien ap xung cao hon so vdi xung dien ap ban dau Diode Dl, D2 cd chiic nang chgn xung dien dp phdng nguge Thi cong vd Mnh gid thiet bi thu hoi dien cam Phuong an bd thu hdi diing cudn cam (hinh 9) da dugc chpn va thi cdng vi nd cd kha nang dap ling cac yeu cau ve hieu suat va dp dn dinh Hinh 9: Cau tgo bd thu hdi dien cam khang Tgp Chi Khoa Hge Gido Due Ky Thugt (32/2015) Trudng Dgi Hpe SuPhgm Ky Thugt TP Hd ChiMinh Qua trinh va phan tich cac xung dien ap trudc va sau lap bd thu hdi dugc thuc hien tren dao dpng ky Textronic DPO2024 Dang xung trudc va sau lap bd thu hdi nang lugng dugc trinh bay tren hinh 10, 11 14.2V-116.7F dugc thiet ke gdm 02 khdi sieu tu mac song song, dd mdi khdi gdm 06 sieu tu Maxwell BCAP0350, 2.7V-350F mic ndi tiep Bd luu trii dap irng kha nang tich tru nang lugng dii Idn, dien ap tuong duang dien ap he thdng, kha nang nap day va an toan qua trinh ngp (hinh 12) Hinh 10: Xung dien trudc lap bd thu hdi •fakpitVu Hinh 12: Thiet hi luu trii nang lugng gdm 12 sieu tu Maxwell BCAP0350 Nang lugng cue dai cua thiet bi luu tru: C,aU^ Hinh 11: Xung dien ap sau lap bd thu hdi Ket qua cho thay dinh xung dien ap tu cam qua trinh thu hoi tuong ddi dn dinh THIET KE, THI CONG THIET BI LlTU T R f NANG LlTONG TU" CAM Chpn thiet bi Iiru trir 116.7J:14.2^ Cdng suat cue dai cua thiet bi luu tru: imax) ^^^^^ 60 1000 - = 201.6 CM') in Qua trinh khao sat va tim hieu ve cac thilt bi du trii nang lugng tren d td nhu: cac logi ic quy, pin nhien lieu, sieu tu , nhdm tac gia nhgn thay viec sir dung sieu tu se dap ling tdt nhat cho viec thiet ke, chg tao nhd dac tinh ngp va phdng nhanh, mat nang lugng va mat dp cdng suat cao, dien ap dinh miic dn dinh, thdi gian sii dung dai Sieu tu Maxwell BCAP0350 2.7V-350F da dugc chpn lam thiet bi luu tru nang lugng dk nghien ciiu Thi cdng thiit bi De dap ling yeu ciu sir dung he thdng dien toan he thdng, mdt bd luu trii dien ap Trong dd: mass, la cac thdng sd ky thugt ciia sieu tu Viec tinh toan cho thay: tdng cdng suat cua cac tai dien hoat ddng Hen tiic khoang 345.5W va tong cdng suat cua cac tai dien hoat ddng gian dogn 135.4W Vi vay, thiet hi luu trii nang lugng dugc dk xuat lam ngudn nang lugng hd trg cho ac quy de cap cho cac tai hoat ddng gian doan Danh gia di§n ap hoat d^ng Qua trinh dgng sdng dien ap tren may dang sdng cho thky dp dao dpng dien ap rat nhd, digu dam bao cho qua trinh nap vao thidt bi luu trii an toan va dn dinh Tgp Chi Khoa Hpc Gido Due Ky Thugt (32/2015) Tnrdng Dgi Hoc Su Phgm Ky Thugt TP Hd Chi Mmh IV THIET KE, CHE T4.O HE THONG T H C NGHIEM VA DANH GIA HE THONG Thiet ke hi thdng kiem sodt nang lirang DAUVAO ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ •I ^ DAURA ^^^^" Hinh 13 So khdi he thdng kidm soat nang lugng Md phong tren may tinh Hinh 15 Thiet hi dieu khiSn tmng tam Thuat toan dieu khien dugc trinh bay tren hinh 16 He thdng cac tin hieu dau vao, vi mgch dilu khidn ECU PIC 16F877A, cac bd chip hanh dugc md phdng tren Protuse de kidm tra cac tinh nang hoat ddng trudc thi cdng Hinh 14 So dd mgch he thdng Thi edng sdn pham Cac linh kien dien hi, vi didu khidn dugc tinh toan va lua chpn phu hgp cac yeu cSu vh thu thap, xii Iy, di6u khign, hi6n thi va truygn dii lieu (hinh 15) Hinh 16: Luu dd thuat toan vi diSu k h i k PIC 16F877A Tgp Chi Khoa Hpe Gido Due Ky Thugt (32/2015) Trudng Dgi Hpe SuPhgm Ky Thugt TR Hd ChiMinh V KET QUA THU" NGHIEM Cac thill bi ehd tao dugc lip dgt, thu nghiem tren he thdng dien ciia xe Toyota Camry 2001 Qua trinh khao sat thdi gian can thiet de dien ap tren bd thu hdi tang tir 11,2V ddn 14,2V d nhieu tdc dp quay khac eua ddng co Hinh 17: Bign thien dien ap tren bd luu trii d tdc dp dpng CO n= 800 vdng/ phiit qua nhu sau (bang 2): STT Tdi difn gidn dogn Cong Thdi gian sudt difn sir dung (W) (phut) May khai dpng 1200 0.1 Nang kinh 150 1.2 Xong kinh 120 1.4 Moi thudc 100 2.1 Gat mua 60 3.4 Khoa ciia 60 3.8 Coi 60 4.5 D ^ suang mii 45 4.8 Den bao re 44 5.3 10 Den phanh 42 9.9 11 Phun nuoc 40 6.3 12 Radio 35 6.6 13 Den liii 20 7.3 14 Den trSn 20 8.2 15 Den soi bien so 15 8.9 Bang 2: Kgt qua thdi gian thii nghiem trgn tai dien gian doan ciia thigt bj liru trii Hinh 18: Bien thign dien ap trgn bd luu trQ d tdc dp ddng CO n= 2400 vdng/ phiit Ket qua thit nghiem cho thdy: ddng co hogt ddng tgi 800 vdng/ phiit, m4t khoang 04 phiit de dien ap tren bd luu trii tang tir 11.0 V den 12,5 V Khi tdc dp dpng co cang gia tang, thdi gian de dgt gia hi dien ap dinh miic cang nhd Khd nang img dung cua thiit bi che tgo Thigt hi luu trir sau dugc nap diiy d miic 14.2V, dugc thir nghiem cSp dipn cho timg loai phu tai hoat ddng tir liic dky nang lugng dgn cho dgn cgn nang lugng, kdt Thdi gian sii dung sg dai hon bd luu trii dugc lap song song vdi accu tren xe, luc thigt bi se dugc thu va tich trii lien tuc liic he thdng dien hoat dpng, dieu giiip tidt kiem khoang 1.2% tigu hao nhieu lieu VI K E T L U ^ Vigc chg tao cdng thigt bi thu hdi nang lugng dien dgng cam khang trgn d td giiip tan dung dugc di?n nang cam khang tu phat sinh qua hinh cac cudn day hoat ddng, giiip tigt kiem nhien lieu trgn xe Dg tai dat dugc mot sd kSt qua nhit dinh mang Igi nhidu y nghia vg mat khoa hpc cung nhu thuc tien Tgp Chi Khoa Hpe Gido Dgc Ky Thugt (32/2015) Trudng Dgi Hge SuPhgm Ky Thugt TP Hd ChiMinh TAI LIEU THAM KHAO Tigng Vi?t [1] PGS.TS Dd v a n Diong, Dien ddng co va dieu khign ddng co, NXB Dgi hpc Qudc gia Tp.Hd Chi Mmh, 2013 [2] TS Hd Van Sung, Ca sa ly thuyit mgch di^n vd diin tir, NXB Khoa hpc va ky thuat, 2012 [3] TS Nguyen Ba Hai, Lap trinh Lab VIEW, NXB Dai hpc Qudc gia Tp.Hd Chi Minh, 2010 Tieng Anh [4] Micah Ortuzar, Juan Dixon, Jorge Moreno, Design, Construction and Performance of a Buck-Boost Converter for an Ultracapacitor-Based Auxiliary Energy System for Electric Vehicles Pontifieia University - Chile, 2011 [5] Martin Julander Battery-Supercapacitor nology, Gothenburg, Sweden, 2008 Website: [6] http://labview.hocdelam.org [7] www.picvietnam.com [8] http://batteryuniversity.com Energy Storage, Chalmers University of Tech- ... qua trinh thu hoi tuong ddi dn dinh THIET KE, THI CONG THIET BI LlTU T R f NANG LlTONG TU" CAM Chpn thiet bi Iiru trir 116.7J:14.2^ Cdng suat cue dai cua thiet bi luu tru: imax) ^^^^^ 60 1000... 2: Kgt qua thdi gian thii nghiem trgn tai dien gian doan ciia thigt bj liru trii Hinh 18: Bien thign dien ap trgn bd luu trQ d tdc dp ddng CO n= 2400 vdng/ phiit Ket qua thit nghiem cho thdy:... gian sii dung dai Sieu tu Maxwell BCAP0350 2.7V-350F da dugc chpn lam thiet bi luu tru nang lugng dk nghien ciiu Thi cdng thiit bi De dap ling yeu ciu sir dung he thdng dien toan he thdng, mdt