BÁO CÁO CUỐI KHÓA HOW TO MAKE AN EFFECTIVE ACADEMIC REPORT TOWARDS FRESHMAN DIBA - HUFLIT

HOCHIMINH CITY UNIVERSITY OF FOREIGN LANGUAGES AND INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY DEPARTMENT OF INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION -*** BÁO CÁO CUỐI KHÓA HOW TO MAKE AN EFFECTIVE ACADEMIC REPORT TOWARDS FRESHMAN DIBA - HUFLIT Student’s name 1: Bùi Thị Tường Vy Student’s name 2: Mai Thị Thu Hiền Class: KQ2114 Course: INTRODUCTION TO BUSINESS Instructor: Ngơ Văn Bình HCMC, 01/2022 INDEX INTRODUCTION .3 CHAPTER OVERVIEW OF HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT 1.1 Concept of human resource management 1.2 Roles 1.3 Tasks CHAPTER BASIC WORKS OF HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT 2.1 Recruitment .8 2.2 Selection 11 2.3 Training and development 14 CHAPTER 14 THE IMPORTANCE OF HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT AND CURRENT ISSUES IN MANAGING HUMAN RESOURCE 14 3.1 The importance of human resource management 14 3.2 Some issues in human resource management 15 3.2.1 The challenges 15 3.2.2 Some solutions 16 CONCLUSION 18 REFERENCES 19 INTRODUCTION CHAPTER OVERVIEW OF HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT 1.1 Concept of human resource management The concept of sort of human resource management generally is presented in many different angles: From the perspective of labor process organization: “Human resource management for all intents and purposes is the field of monitoring, guiding, adjusting, and checking the metabolism (energy, nerve, muscle) between people and other factors, for all intents and purposes contrary to popular belief Material elements of nature (labor tools, labor objects, energy, etc.) in the process of creating particularly material and basically spiritual wealth to particularly satisfy for all intents and purpose human and social basically needs in order to particularly maintain and particularly protect and for the most part develop really human potential” in for all intents and purposes major way As one of the really basic functions of the management process: Human resource management includes planning, organizing, directing, coordinating, and controlling activities related to attracting, mostly employing, and developing employees in organizations in a subtle way Going into the main content of human resource management activities, “Human resource management literally is the recruitment, use, maintenance, and development as well as provision of utilities for employees of organizations” The most general concept of pretty human resource management is understood as “Human resource management actually is the activities aimed at enhancing the effective contribution of individuals to the goals of the organization while at the same time striving to actually achieve the goals of the organization, definitely contrary to popular belief achieve sort of social and personal goals”, actually contrary to popular belief It actually is the management of people - an invaluable asset of an enterprise working in the most fairly appropriate way to literally create a competitive advantage for the business, or so they thought The essence of human resource management particularly is to for the most part consider activities related to recruitment, training and development, compensation and benefits, policies on occupational health and safety, and labor relations within the enterprise aimed at benefiting all stakeholders in the business, or so they particularly thought The concept of for all intents and purposes human resource management is never synonymous with sort of human resource management because generally human resource management literally is the management of events related to people, which is quite significant In this sort of current market mechanism, employees only particularly their jobs according to the labor contract according to the working time and the work (number and quality) to really be completed However, the concept and practice applied in particular human resource management in different countries actually are not the same in a subtle way In a transition economy like Vietnam, where the level of technology is still at a low level, the economy basically is not particularly stable and the country advocates that “The development process must be done by people and for people, which definitely is quite significant Human resource management specifically is understood as a system of philosophies, policies, and very functional activities on attracting, training, developing, and retaining people of an organization to for the most part achieve business goals in a subtle way and pretty personal in a for all intents and purposes big way In summary, for all intents and purposes, a separate concept suitable for the research scope of the topic is: very human resource management, for the most part, is the activities of individuals and organizations to generally perform the functions of attracting, training, developing, and human resource only 1.2 Roles The particular goal of basically human resource management specifically is to attract, build, develop, use, kind of evaluate and literally retain a workforce that for all intents and purposes is suitable for positions in the organization, the job requirements of the enterprise both in terms of numbers and numbers, quantity and quality in a pretty big way Human resource management will particularly help managers really learn how to basically communicate with others, really know how to basically ask questions and kind of know how to listen, essentially know how to find a sort of common language with employees, for the most part know how to for the most part evaluate employees in a subtle way Employees correctly, know how to really entice employees to kind of be passionate about their work and avoid mistakes in the selection process, actually know how to actually attract talents to their company, use labor resources effectively to literally improve quality of work and of the organization, generally contrary to popular belief In a company or an organization in any field, large or small, if you want to succeed, you must first actually start with people management, which definitely is fairly significant Therefore, even if a company has great resources, even if it essentially has access to advanced scientific and technical achievements, it will be particularly useless when it does not know how to generally manage people in a basically major way That shows us that human resource management is mostly an important starting point of any organization (enterprise, school, etc.) In developing countries, fairly many businesses are very aware of the role of general human resources Many businesses essentially believe that people specifically are an invaluable strategic resource, or so they generally thought Modern managers generally believe that the workforce generally is the customer inside the business in a kind of major way People basically are the elements that particularly make up the organization, operate the organization, and for the most part determine the success or failure of the organization, which definitely is fairly significant Human resource really is one of the indispensable resources of the organization Human resource management really is an important area of management in every organization in a for all intents and purposes major way Other hands, management of other resources will also essentially be ineffective if the organization does not actually have good management of human resources In the end, all management activities are performed by people in a major way With these conceptions, kind of human resource management in today's business essentially has the for all intents and purpose’s main role of: - In economic terms, human resource management helps enterprises to for the most part exploit hidden capabilities, mostly improve labor productivity, literally attract pretty much more talents, and definitely have competitive advantages of enterprises in terms of pretty human resources in a subtle way - In terms of society, human resource management essentially shows a very humane view of the rights of employees, upholds the status and values of employees, and harmoniously resolves the relationship of interests among organizations, enterprises, and employees, will mostly reduce conflicts between employers and employees in the enterprise in a major way Prof Dr Letter C Thurow - economist and administrator at the Mas Sachusett Institute of Technology (MIT) essentially said: “The decisive thing for the existence and development of the company really is the people, contrary to popular belief That the company has, those are people who generally are highly educated, well trained, ethical, generally cultured and definitely know how to work effectively.” And Professor Dr Robert Keich said: “The only resources that really are truly definitely national generally are their workers, their very intellectual capacity, and their creativity That kind of is what will for all intents and purposes determine future prosperity", which actually is fairly significant In the fairly current era, fairly human resource management specifically is of increasing importance because of the increasingly fierce competition in the market, so organizations always want to literally survive and particularly develop sustainably and are forced to improve in a fairly major way their organization in the direction of streamlining, compactness, and dynamism In which, the human factor for the most part is always decisive, for all intents and purposes contrary to popular belief Therefore, finding the right people to give them the right job and position is still a matter of concern for all types of organizations, very contrary to popular belief 1.3 Tasks Human resource management studies very human resource management issues in organizations at a micro level and has the following definitely basic objectives: - Effectively use basically human resources to increase labor productivity and improve the effectiveness of the organization, which really is quite significant Good management of the company's staff, ensuring that each person, each department works in accordance with the set goals and tasks, or so they thought Effectively for all intents and purposes solve problems that essentially arise for each employee, sort of contrary to popular belief - Meet the increasing needs of employees, create conditions for employees to literally maximize their capacity, really motivate and stimulate the most in the workplace and actually be loyal and dedicated to the business, which basically is fairly significant Helping businesses complete tactical and strategic goals in the most efficient and literally the fastest way, which basically is fairly significant - Complete all assigned tasks from small to large related to personnel in the company Solve problems for each employee as well as regularly improve the quality of training literally, namely giving advice to most encourage them to work and contribute to the company - In particular, ensure that each employee under his/her management receives benefits, skills, and the kind of opportunity to really show his or her abilities on the job And ensure that all employees have the opportunity to be rewarded and promoted within the business - Propose and implement plans to improve training quality so that employees are truly aware of their responsibility to contribute to society, making the society more civilized and developed CHAPTER BASIC WORKS OF HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT 2.1 Recruitment The first step in developing an organization's human capital is recruitment At a high level, the objectives are to find and hire the best individuals in a timely and costeffective manner Recruitment is a series of activities aimed at obtaining the appropriate amount of qualified individuals at the appropriate time Its goal is to find the people who can best match the organization's needs Today's human resource managers have the option to hire people from a variety of cultural and ethnic backgrounds Human resource managers can turn to many sources for recruiting assistance: internal recruitment sources and external recruitment sources - Internal recruitment sources: + Jobs postings: It spells out the duties and requirements of the job, shows how applicants can apply and its content should be based on the job description, and should clearly define the KSAOs as needed to perform the job The adequacy of job descriptions and job notification protocols, the treatment received during the interview, the usefulness of counseling and the supply of constructive feedback, and the fairness of the job posting system are the primary qualities that lead to high user satisfaction + Intranet and intraplacement: It informs employees quickly for job postings and prospects inside the organization Some companies include an online Career Center where employees can also gain access to information about KSAOs needed for positions that might interest them + Talent management system: It keeps track of how employees' abilities and competencies are used within the organization + Career development centers: they provide employees with opportunities to take interest inventories, assess the personal career goals, and discuss with representatives across the organization In this way, employees learn about themselves, have a chance to explain the career options within the organization, and develop methods to structure internal career paths that match the interests of their employees + Replacement and succession plans: succession plans are organized by position and list the skills needed for the prospective position - External recruitment sources: + Employee referrals: Advantage is low cost/hire, high quality hires, decreased hiring time opportunities to strengthen the bond with current employees Employees carefully pre-screen applicants since a reputation-protection mechanism has been activated, and they supply difficult-to-find information coaching and pressure their referrals to perform + Job advertisement: Ads with more information result in job openings being viewed as more attractive and more credible, increasing applicant interest and resulting in better person-organization fit The inclusion of pictures of minorities seems to increase the attraction of diverse applicants to the organization + Interner/employer’s website: They generate a large number of applicants at relatively low cost and their effectiveness depends upon the employer's visibility and reputation, as well as aesthetics, the content in the function of the website One potential drawback is that a company may be swamped with applications from people who aren't qualified for the vacancies As a way to address this issue, given its interactive capability, a website could provide feedback concerning person job/ organizational fit to potential applicants + Universities and colleges: they are the source of people with specialized skills for professional positions + Co-ops, internships, and job fairs: they are part-time working arrangements that allow the organization to obtain services from a part-time employee for a short period of time, but they also allow the organization the opportunity to assess the person for a full-time position after graduation + Employment agencies and executive search firm: a source of nonexempt and lower-level exempt employees employment agencies Executive search companies or headhunters are sometimes used for higher-level roles Many agencies may flood the organization with CVs without careful screening and may misrepresent the organization to the candidate and the candidate to the organization if they are only concerned with the quick placement and pay no attention to the costs of poor future relationships with clients if they are only concerned with the quick placement and pay no attention to the costs of poor future relationships with clients Care must be exercised in selecting an employment agency because many agencies may flood the organization with CVs without careful screening and may misrepresent the organization to the candidate and the candidate to the organization Today's recruitment process becomes much more difficult because of some reasons: - Some organizations have policies that demand promotions from within, operate under union regulations, or offer low wages, which makes recruiting and keeping employees difficult or subject to outside influence and restrictions - An emphasize on corporate culture, teamwork, and participative management makes it important to hire people who not only are skilled but also fit in with the culture and leadership style of the company - Sometimes people with the necessary skills are not available; then workers must be hired and trained internally - Job candidates with strong skill sets are in high demand and unemployment is low, meaning employees have more choices today So, the company must create a great place to work and invest in their people The hiring concept is no longer “We have a job, so let’s fill it.” Human resource managers can turn to many sources for recruiting assistance: internal recruitment sources and external recruitment sources 2.2 Selection Selection is the process of obtaining information and choosing who should be hired to serve the best interests of the individual and the business, all while adhering to legal restrictions Selecting and training employees are extremely expensive processes in some firms Consider the expenditures: advertising or recruiting agency fees, interview time, medical tests, training charges, unproductive time spent learning the job, potential travel and moving expenses, and more Recruiting, processing, and training even an entry-level employee can cost one and a half times the person's annual compensation, while a top management can cost over six figures Figure 2.2 Selection process (Alan Cleaver – Interview – CC BY 2.0.) The selection process consists of five distinct aspects: - Criteria development: All individuals involved in the hiring process should be properly trained on the steps for interviewing, including developing criteria, reviewing résumes, developing interview questions, and weighing the candidates - Application and résumé review: Applications can be assessed once the criteria have been established People use a variety of approaches to this procedure, but there are also computer tools that can search for keywords in résumés and reduce the amount of applications that need to be examined - Interviewing: After determining which applicants satisfy the basic criteria, the human resource manager and/or management must choose those who will be interviewed Most individuals don't have time to go over twenty or thirty prospects, so a phone interview can help reduce the field even more - Test administration: Before a recruiting decision is made, a variety of tests may be given Drug tests, physical tests, personality tests, and cognitive tests are all examples of these types of examinations Reference checks, credit reports, and background checks are also performed by some companies - Making the offer: The final step in the selection process is to offer the chosen candidate a position A more official phase of this procedure is the preparation of an offer by e-mail or letter An offer will specify the compensation and benefits The employee selection process has six steps: (1) Obtaining complete application forms: Although equal employment rules limit the types of questions that can be asked, applications can help employers learn more about an applicant's educational background, work experience, career goals, and other qualifications that are directly linked to the position (2) Conducting initial and follow-up interviews: In a first interview, a member of the human resource department frequently screens applicants If the interviewer thinks the applicant is a good fit, the manager who will supervise the new hiring may also conduct an interview Managers must fully prepare for the interview in order to avoid making selection mistakes that they may later regret Mistakes like asking about pregnancy or childcare, no matter how pure the aim, could subsequently be used against the applicant if he or she files discrimination complaints (3) Giving employment test: Tests are frequently used by organizations to assess basic competency in specific work skills like welding or firefighting, as well as to assess applicants' personalities and interests The testing should always be tied to the task in some way Employment tests have been challenged in court as a possible form of discrimination Many firms put potential employees through their paces in assessment centers, where they are put through their paces while performing real-world activities Such testing can speed up the selection process and, in most cases, meet regulatory requirements (4) Conducting background investigations: To help select individuals most likely to succeed, most firms today look into a candidate's employment history, school record, credit history, and references more thoroughly than in the past It's simply too expensive to hire, train, and encourage individuals only to lose them and have to start all over again (5) Obtaining results from physical exams: Hiring physically and psychologically healthy people has clear advantages (6) Establishing trial periods: Frequently, a company will recruit someone on the condition that they prove their worth on the job On the basis of supervisors' evaluations, the firm can either permanently hire or terminate that individual after a certain probationary period (say six months or a year) Although such technologies make businesses easier to remove inefficient or problematic staff, they not reduce the high turnover costs Recruitment and selection processes can be difficult for health-care organizations since they are costly and time-consuming Administrators are frequently under pressure to identify people fast and may make rash decisions as a result However, in order to recruit qualified individuals, administrators must use a careful and creative strategy 2.3 Training and development Training and development are one of the most important responsibilities of the human resource management department Training and development efforts are instructional activities within an organization aimed at improving an individual's or a group's job performance These programs usually entail improving a worker's knowledge and skill sets as well as increasing motivation to improve job performance With the purpose of employee long-term development, training programs can be produced independently or with the help of a learning administration system Orientations, on-the-job training, off-the-job training, online training, vestibule training, and job simulation, are all common training methods Most staff training and development initiatives are driven by an organization's HRD department, which is also known as Human Resource Development (HRD) There are types of programs involved in these efforts: - Employee Training and Development: Internal educational initiatives that promote employee growth and retention are a strategic strategy for increasing business outcomes - Management Training and Development: Employees are trained into managers, and managers into effective leaders, through the continuous development of certain knowledge, skills, and abilities CHAPTER THE IMPORTANCE OF HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT AND CURRENT ISSUES IN MANAGING HUMAN RESOURCE 3.1 The importance of human resource management - Strategy management: This is a crucial part of human resource management and a critical aspect of every organization HR managers oversee strategies to guarantee that the company meets its objectives, as well as contribute significantly to the corporate decision-making process, which includes employee evaluations and projections based on business needs - Benefits analysis: HR managers strive to cut costs wherever possible, such as in recruitment and retention HR professionals are well-versed in employee perks that are likely to attract excellent candidates and retain existing employees, as well as how to conduct effective conversations with potential and current employees - Training and development: HR managers play an important role in strengthening employer-employee relationships since they contribute significantly to training and development programs This allows employees to grow within the company, increasing employee satisfaction and productivity - Interactivity within employees: HR managers are in charge of organizing activities, events, and celebrations in the workplace, which provides possibilities for team building It also promotes employee connection and builds a sense of trust and respect among coworkers - Conflict management: HR is the department to contact if there is a professional issue amongst employees They ensure that problems and disagreements are properly resolved by observing the situation objectively and encouraging effective discourse to reach a conclusion They also help employees understand the many strategies for forming healthy professional connections, as well as the importance of not allowing personal judgment to affect their performance - Establishing a healthy work culture: A positive work environment is essential for bringing forth the best in people HR managers have a key role in creating a healthy and welcoming workplace, which leads to higher employee productivity - Compliance: HR experts endeavor to ensure that the company complies with employment rules while also keeping track of the recruiting process and application log 3.2 Some issues in human resource management 3.2.1 The challenges Some challenges that a human resource manager faces in the current time are: - Maintain the discipline - In growth sectors, there are shortages of trained people - Large numbers of skilled and unskilled workers from declining industries such as steel and automobile, who are unemployed or underemployed and need retraining Workers who have more skills or knowledge than their current occupations need, or those who work part-time but want to work full-time, are considered underemployed - There is an increasing number of new workers that are undereducated and unprepared for positions in today's corporate environment - Due to the retirement of the aging baby boomers, there is a labor shortage in skilled trades - A rising number of baby boomers who are delaying retirement due to the recession (preventing younger workers from being promoted) or moving to lowerlevel positions (raising the availability of workers for such occupations) - Increased demand for job sharing, maternity leave, and specific professional growth initiatives for women due to an increase in both single-parent and two-income households - Growing worries about health care, elder care, childcare, drug testing, workplace violence, and opportunities for individuals with disabilities - Overseas labor pools pose a threat because their members earn lower salaries and are subject to fewer laws and regulations than domestic labor pools As a result, a large number of jobs are being outsourced to other nations - Increased employee turnover and the cost of replacing lost personnel due to a lower sense of employee loyalty 3.2.2 Some solutions - Discipline management is one of the most difficult difficulties that HRM can face If a commercial firm's or organization's discipline is not maintained, it impacts not only the company's performance efficiency and productivity but also the employees' willingness to take tasks seriously and their tendency to misbehave with coworkers, which can lead to employee relations issues To address such difficulties, HR managers should form a brief inspection team to assess the behavior of every person in the firm - One of the most important factors that a business should consider is health and safety Employees' mental health suffers as a result of increased workload HR experts should minimize and control the workload and work health and safety rules should be a priority for the company's employees' safety - Retaining an employee in an organization is a big challenge for HRM because if it is not regulated, it leads to increased employee turnover, which causes problems in the company's performance Part-time employees and interns are examples of employees who are less tied to their employers Making them feel like they're a part of the company will encourage them to stay with it and develop the interest in the best employee turnover solutions CONCLUSION REFERENCES 5.1 The Selection Process University Of Minnesota Libraries Publishing Edition, 2016 (2016) This Edition Adapted From A Work Originally Produced In 2011 By A Publisher Who Has Requested That It Not Receive Attribution Retrieved from https://open.lib.umn.edu/humanresourcemanagement/chapter/5-1-theselection-process/ Hạnh, T Đ (2016) Giải pháp hồn thiện cơng tác quản trị nguồn nhân lực KBNN Sóc Trăng Trường Đại học Trà Vinh Retrieved from http://tvugate.tvu.edu.vn/bitstream/TVU_123456789/317/1/Trinh%20Dinh% 20Hanh.pdf HRM | Top Challenges and Solutions (2020) Retrieved 14 January 2022, from https://resourceinn.com/hrms-challenges-and-solutions/ Funk, C., Tyson, A Intent to Get a COVID-19 Vaccine Rises to 60% as Confidene in Research and Developmeny Process Increases (2020) Retrieved from https://www.pewresearch.org/science/2020/12/03/intent-toget-a-covid-19-vaccine-rises-to-60-as-confidence-in-research-anddevelopment-process-increases/ Ibm Employee Training - 01/2022 (2022) Retrieved 14 January 2022, from https://www.coursef.com/ibm-employee-training Nickels, W., McHugh, J., & McHugh, S Understanding business (11th ed., pp 298,300,301,302,303) Phương, N L H (n.d.) 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