SCIENCETECHNOLOGYl NGHIEN CUU TONG QUAN VE SUf DUNG NHIEN LIEU KHI SYNGAS TREN DONG ca DOT TRONG A STUDY ON THE USE OF SYNTHESIS GAS IN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE Bui Van Chinh, Khong Vu Quang, Pham Van The Tomtit Hien nay, the gidi dang flung trudc nguy co khung hoafig nguon nang luong nghiem va su nong len cilia trai dat, nguyen nhan chinh la sil dung nhien lieu truyen thong co nguon goc hoa thach nhu than da va dau mo fle phat trien ben vilng ngUcii can tim cac dang nang luong tai tao de thay the nhien lieu hoa thach Khisyngas hay dUOc goi la khf hon hop gom hai phan chinh CO va H^ co the difdc col la tiem nang hon ca viec gi^i guyet cac van de neu tren Bai bao trinh bay mpt so ket qua nghien cull anh hifdng ci^a syngas Sen dac tinh kinh te, ky thuat va phat thai cua dong co Tif khoa: flpng cO dot trong; phat thtii; khf syngas, hon hop Abstract In the several last decades, our society was experienced with high oil prices and global warming threats mainly caused by extensive use of traditional fossilliiels such as coal and crude oil In thefuture, renewable and environmental friendly sources of energy would be more and more attractive A mixture of mamly CO and H,, synthesis gas that Is called syngas is could potentially play a significant role In solving the problems mentioned above This paper shows some effects of syngas on the perfomiance and emissions of internal combustion engine (ICE) Keywords: Internal combustion engine, emissions, synthesis gas, mixture ThS Biji Van Chinh - Tmcmg E)ai hoc Cfing nghiep Ha Ngi PGS.TS.KhdngViiQiiang,PGS.TS Pham Van Tlie' Tn/Ongflaihoc BJch khoa Ha N5i Email: chinhbv@haui.edu.vn 1.GldlTHl£U CHUNG Syngas la mot hon hop khi, phan chCi yeu gom H^ va CO; va lUdng nhd CO^ Nj, H^O Khi syngas dung de sin xuat amoniac va methanol hoac daoc bien doi qua chu trinh RseherTropsch de Scin xuat cac loai nhien lieu syngas Khi syngas rat de chay nen daoc stf dung nha mdt loai nhien lieu thay the cho ddng cd dot [1 ] Ngay nay, nhien lieu syngas la Ngaynhanbai: 25/8/2014 Ngay chap nhan Sang; 20/10/2014 mdt san pham trung gian quan trong nganh edng nghiep hda chat Hang nam, tong cdng khoang EJ nhien lieu syngas daoc san xuat tren toan the gidi, tUc^ng dng vdi gan 2% tong tieu thu nang lapng [2] Thi trudng the gidi ddi vdi nhien lieu khf syngas (phan Idn la taeae ngudn nang lucftig hda thach nha than da, khf ta nhien, dau va chat thai) chu yeu tap trung nganh cdng nghiep amoniac Mot dng dung khac cua nhien lieu khf syngas la san xuat hydro de sd dung cac nha may Ipc dau va de san xuat methanol Sinh khoi la nguon nang luong tai tao taong lai vdi tiem nang sin lUOTig Idn, day cung la nguon nang lupng tai tao va cd ben vdng cao Vl vay, viec ap dung sinh khdi san xuat nhien lieu va hda chat cho phep giam nhu cau tieu thy cac loai nhien lieu hda thach va giam dupe eac phan phat thai doc hai Nhieu nha khoa hoc da thac hien eac nghien cdu sCrdung nhien lieu khisyngas tren ddng ca dot CD.Rakopouios da danh gia tinh nang lam viec va hinh phat thai NO eua ddng co danh ICta cadng bijic sCf dung nhien lieu syngas tai nhieu che tai tren md hlnh chay da viing [3] R.G.Papagiannakis va eac cdng su da danh gia eac tinh nang van hanh va thai cua ddng eo danh Ida cadng biJc sd dung nhien lieu khf syngas so sanh vdi khf thien nhien tai cung he so da luong khdng khf lambda (\) [4] Ket qua cho thay edng suat dong CO cd cai thien mpt chut so vdi chay thien nhien, suat tieu hao nhien lieu cd fch (BSFC) tang dang ke va phat thai NO va CO tang len Ajay Shah va eac edng sa da nghien cdu tinh nang lam viec va phat thai cua dong co danh Ida cadng bufe dan ddng may phat dien sd dung nhien lieu syngas ed nguon S624.2014-TapchiKHOAHOC&CONGNGHE IM!Wil!l«!ilc6NG NGHE gde sinh khdi [5], thd nghiem duoe tien hanh tren may phat cd cdng suat 5,5 kW duoc hoan cai de van hanh vdi 100% nhien lieu syngas, luong nhien lieu syngas sd dung dUdc dieu chinh cho dat daoc cdng suat taong dUOng sddung xang Ketqua cho thay phat thai CO va NOj, thap hon, CO^ tang len dang ke chay nhien lieu syngas Tren dong eo chay nen, A.S.Ramadhas da tao sinh khoi td xo va vd cay de cung cap cho dpng ca [6], ket qua cho thay hieu suat nhiet giam ddng eo hoat ddng d che dp sd dung ladng nhien lieu Phat thai CO va CO^ eua ddng CO sd dung ladng nhien lieu cao hon so vdi trudng hdp sd dung don nhien lieu diesel B.B.Sahoo danh gia Inh hudng cua t;^ le H/CO nhien lieu syngas den cac thdng so lam viec eua ddng co diesel sd dung lUdng nhien lieu [7], nghien cdu, tac gia da sd dung nhien lieu syngas vdi ty le H/CO Ian luot la 100:0; 75:25; 50:50 va 0:100; ket qui the hien hieu suat nhiet cua dong co ladng nhien lieu tang len tang ty le H nhien lieu syngas; cac phan phat thai HC, CO va COj deu cai thien tang ty le cua CO nhien lieu khf syngas, dd phat thai NO cd xu huciing nguoc lai R.Uma cung sd dung nhien lieu syngas cung cap cho dong co may phat dien diesel; thd nghiem duoc tien hanh tai bon ehe dp tai, him lupng CO, CO^, 50^, HC va phat thIi dang hat (PIVl) da dape xac dinh [8]; ket q u i cho thay hieu suat nhiet cua dong cd gilm sd dung ladng nhien lieu, phat thai CO va HC tang, NO^, SOj va PM giam Nhu vay nghien cOu sd dung nhien lieu syngas tren dpng co dot da duoc nhieu t i c gia tien hanh vdi nhieu ket qua khac Tren co sd eac ket q u i nghien cdu ed the phan tich danh gia dUOc anh hadng ciia nhien lieu khf syngas den cac thdng so kinh te, ky thuat cung nhd phat thai dpc hai eua ddng co Bai bao trinh bay v l phan Khi thien nhien San pham dau mo^ Than da Sinh khoi _^ San pham chay+ Q Hinh Quy trinh tong guan ve qua trinh san xuat nhien lieu syngas tieh mdt sd ket qui nghien cdu dien hinh tren the gidl ve viec sd dung nhien lieu khf syngas tren ddng co Bai bao la tai lieu tham khao hOu ich eho cae nghien cuu, cai tien, ehuyen doi cac loai ddng co sd dung nhien lieu truyen thong sang sd dung nhien lieu khisyngas TONG QUAN S A N XUAT VA MOT SO TINH CHAT CClA NHI^N LIEU KHJ SYNGAS Nhien lieu syngas duac san xuat ta eac hop chat chda cacbon nhu khf thien nhien, san pham dau md, than da va sinh khdi Hinh the hien quy trinh tong quan ve qua trinh sin xuat nhien lieu syngas Qua trinh san xuat nhien lieu syngas edn dUdc ggi la Gasification Day la qua trinh ehuyen doi cac ngudn nguyen lieu (thudng dang ran) hon hop chat bing cac phan Ung dieu kien thieu oxy Gasification xay khoing nhiet td 1112° tdi 2732" F va san pham cho la hon hpp khf CO nang lUpng td thap tdi trung binh va phu thude vao kieu hda cung nhU dieu kien van hanh Qua trinh khf hda sinh khdi dupe sCtdung de san xuat nang luong sinh hoc va cac san pham sinh hoe khac de dung cho ddng co dot trong, Id hoi hay may phat dien, Trong qua trinh hda, nguyen lieu dau vao duac say tdi nhiet cao, san pham cua qua trinh la chat khf mdf tao va phan chat ran lai khdng phan ung Lapng tao phu thugc vao nhiet dp va tinh chat cCia ngufin nguyen lieu cung nhu nhiet dp ma cac phin Ong xay Cac phin dng ban dSu xly dUdi su cd mat cCia oxy cho s3n pham cd c l CO va CO^ Cac phin C(ng xly rat nhanh va kem theo sutda nhl^ va la tien de de tao cac phin ufng tiep theo Qua trinh hda nguyen lieu rSn xly tai nhiet dp Idn hon 1112" F tao va mot so ehat dudi dang tro va nhua dudng Cac phan ung hda hpc ban dSu anh hudng true tiep den qua trinh khf hda va quyet djnh den ph^n clc chat khf CUOI cung tao thinh NhiJttg phin dng thd cap xly tai nhiet dp Idn hon 1112° F va dadl dieu kien Ip suit thich hpp se giup cho suphan hCiy trova tao cac bon va cac chat Phin iJng cCia qua trinh khf hda sinh khoi co chiJa eac bon dddc the hien theo phUdng trinh (1) Sinh khoi + khdng khf (thi^u) - • C0+ Hj + CH^ + H ^ + Nj 0) De phan dng xay holn toln thi (kg) sinh khoi can khoing 4,5 (kg) khong (tai dieu kien chuan) Theo nhU cac nghien cdu dUa thi doi vdi phin Cfng hda luong khdng can thiet chi khoing bang 0,25 Ian laong khf tieu chuan Tdc la thdng thUdng de khf h6a (kg) sinh khdi can khoing 1,15 (kg) khdng [9] Tfnh chat vat ly va hda hpc cua nhiSn lieu syngas phu thuoc vao ngu6n nguyen lieu san xuat, cong nghe sin xuat va dac biet la phan cac khf don Bang I.Tfnh chat ly hoa ciia H^, CO va CH^ [10,33] Thong so Nhiet tritlia'p(MJ/kg) Ty le khong - nhien lieu ly thuyet Nhlet chay Ion nhat tai latm(K) GIOI han hoc chay [ngheo/giau} Toe dg Ian tian mang iLla (cm/s) 321 Tap dii KHOA HOC & CONG NGHE • S o H2 CO CH, 121 34,4 10,2 50,2 2,46 17,2 2378 2384 2223 0,01/7,17 0,34/6,80 0,54/1,69 270 45 35 ; SCIENCETECHNOLOGYl chateau tao nen.Tfnh chat ly hda cCia cae phan chinh nhien lieu khfsyngasthe hien bing NGHIEN CChj sd DUNG NHIEN U|U KHfSYNGASTRiNDdNG CODdT TRONG Syngas la nhien lieu sach va day tiem nang de cd the thay the nhi^n lieu hda thach truyen thong NhOmg nghien cdu sd dung nhien lieu syngas cho ddng CO dot dau tien duoc dua bc^ cac trung tam nghien eUu: University of Alabama at Birmingham, England va University of Hokkaido, Japan [11, 12] Nhdng nghien eiJu tap trung thUe hien tren dong co danh ICia cUdng bUc chay ladng nhien lieu TUc la, ddng ca dUdc cung cap Iddng nhien lieu chinh nhU: khf thien nhien hoac di-methyl ether va eht sd dung mot luong nho khf nhien lieu khf syngas Cae ket q u i da ehi anh hudng cua nhfen lieu syngas doi vdi qua trinh chly cCia ddng cd dot bSng each mo hinh hoa dong lac hoe va phan tich phan nhiet dong eda hon hc^ khdng nhien lieu Cac nghien cdu cung da cdng viec md hinh hda qua trinh chly tren cd sd md hinh chay mot vung va da vung Doi vdi ddng cd diesel, sd dung cae bai nhien lieu dang la mdt bien phap hi&u q u i de gilm thieu eac phan phIt thIi dpc hai Bdi cae loai nhien lieu dang khf chay khong sinh d xit luu huynh (SO^,) va cd rat it d xit ni td (NO^.), cung nha phat thIi CO, CO^ it hon so vdi nhien lieu dang long [10] NhUvay nhien lieu khf syngas cung ed the dUdc coi la mot nhdng loai nhien lieu thay the hieu qua vdi hai phan tCr chinh la CO va H, dung ladng nhien lieu syngas/xang tren dpng cd danh Ida cUdng bUe cho cac ket qua Inh hddng eua ty le thay the nhien lieu khf syngas den cac thdng so lam viec cua dpng cd [17] Ap suat ed ich ehi thj trung binh eua dpng eo dat gia tn Idn nhat vdi ty le nhien lieu syngas ve the tfch khoang 1% (hlnh 2) Hon hop cua H^ va CO duoc sd dung tr§n dong cd chay cadng bde bdi kha nang ehdng kich no tot [13,14], nhien tang rj' le cung cap nhien lieu khf syngas cd the lam tang nhiet qua trinh chay Ket qua nghien cdu eho thay khf tang tU dd d i n tdi tang phat thai NO^ doi vdi lugng nhien lieu khf syngas cung cap vao ddng CO xang [14].Theo nghien cdu cua dudng nap, IIVIEP (ap suat cd ich ehi thj Boehman va Corre sddung hon hop H^ va trung binh) ed xu hadng tang len sau CO rat phu hpp vdi qua trinh chay ngheo dd giam xuong tiep tue tang luong tren ddng cd diesel [16] Ngoai ra, nhien nhien lieu khf syngas Khi tang nhien lieu lieu syngas cCing cd the dUdc sddung syngas td 0% den 0,92%, nang tren ddng co chay nen dddi dang thay luong danh laa cua nhien lieu khisyngas the mdt phan nhien lieu diesel thap va tdc chay eua nhien lieu 3.1 Anh h U ^ g cua nhien lieu cao hdn nen cli thien qua trlnh chay, td syngas den tinh nang ky thuat, kinh t^' lam tang IMEP.Tuy nhien, ti^p tuc tang lugng nhien lieu syngas cung cua dong cd Do phan H^ chda nhien cap cho ddng co, mat nang lagng lieu syngas nen bo sung vao ddng khdi cua nhien lieu khisyngas nhd va Inh cd lam tang nang ell thien qua trinh hudng cda the tich khf ehiem cho lam chly cung nhu phat thIi doc hai cua giam IMER ddng CO [17-18] NhU da biet H^ II mot ngudn nhien lieu then vong [19-24] sd dung cho ddng cd vdi cac tinh chat nhu nang lUdng danh Ida thap, tdc dp chly cao nhd nang cao duoc tinh nang ky thuat eCia ddng eo [25-28] Nhd nghien cdu eua tac gil Akansu, Al-Baghdadi, Uu B, Yousufuddin vdi ham laong nhien lieu khf syngas bo sung cho ddng cd khdng nhdng gilm dUde suat tieu hao nhien lieu va gilm cae phan phat thai dpc hai m l van dam b i o duac cdng suat eua dong ca d che dd tai bd phan [2932].Theo nghien cdu cda Changw/ei Ji sd Nghien cdu cung chf I n h hddng cua t^ le nhien lieu syngas den hieu suat nhiet cda ddng eo (hinh 3) Ket q u i cho thay hieu suat nhiet chi thi cua dong CO eai thien tU32,54% len den 39,01 % vdi ham lagng nhien lieu syngas 2,43% ve the tieh Nguyen nhan sd dung hon hop nhien lieu khf syngas va xang da cli thien dUdc toe dp chay va qua trinh chly kiet hdn Hj va CO cd toe chly cao hdn xang Ngoai ra, toe dp Ian tran mang Ida nhanh nen da giam ton that nhiet va nhien lieu syngas tdn tai d dang nen nhiet dp cda mdi eh^t nap cao hdn, dieu dan tdi ket q u i la hieu suat nhiet dddc cai thien Nghien cdu cua Bibhuti va cdng su thuc hien tren dong co diesel sa dung ladng nhien lieu diesel/syngas vdi ty le H^/CO nhien lieu syngas khac dddc gidi thieu bIng [10], Hinh Ap suat c6 ich chi thi trung binh theo % syngas [171 Ket qua tren hinh the hien anh hudng cua nhien lieu den hieu suat nhiet ed fch eua dong cd d cae ehe t i l khac Hinh3 Hieu suit nhiet chi thitheo%syngas [17] Do thj cho thay, d ehe t l i nho So TapchiKHOAHOC&CONGNGHE 133 BMCONG NGilE_ Bang Thong so ky thuat cua syngas voi ty le H/CO khac [10,33] Tilth chat CO Hi syngas 50%H,+50%CO 75%Hj+25%CO Khoi i^ong rieng (kg/m^) 0,085 1,9 0,67 0,38 Nhiet dung neng[MJ/kg) 119,81 10,112 14,81 23,09 ToC(I6ngon[^a(m/s) 2,70 0,19 1,8 1,9 0,24 Nang lirgng danh lita toi thieu (mj) 0,02 0,23 Nhlet tit chay (K) 858 882 Tyle/t/Flythuyet 34,3 2,45 4,58 8,075 Hinh7.Phatthli CO theo tfle thay the'syngasn?) Hinh Hieu suat nhiet co fch theo % t^i vd\ cac ty te H/CO khac [33] t i n h n a n g l a m viec rat k e m d o qua t r i n h chay k e m b d i I n h h u d n g cua l u g n g CO t r o n g nhien lieu k h i syngas, d o n g t h d i d o d che d o l U d n g n h i e n lieu diesel p h u n v a o d d n g c a it n e n q u a t r i n h chay n g h e o va chat l u g n g chay k e m Tuy nhien d che d p tai b d p h a n , hieu suat n h i e t e d fch cua d d n g c o t a n g len n h i e n iieu diesel/syngas vdi t y le H / C O k h i c n h a u Ket q u i eho thay, t a n g t y le H j t r o n g n h i e n lieu khf syngas se l a m t a n g hieu suat n h i e t cua d o n g co, hien t d d n g d o tdc d o c h l y eda H^ Idn h o n da cli thien qua trinh chly Hinh the hien dien bien eua he sd nap theo tai trgng cua ddng CO Do H cd the tfch Idn hon nhieu so vdi khdng khf nen cung cap nhien lieu khf syngas vao dadng nap se ehiem cho cua khdng nap dan tdi he so nap bj gilm d trudng hgp sddung lUdng nhien lieu Ket qua cho thay d moi che t i l nhat djnh he sd nap dng vdi ty le H/CO la 50:50 la nhd nhat so vdi hai trUdng hop edn lai 3.2 Anh hadng cua nhi^n lieu syngas den cac phan phat thai doc hai Hlnh He so nap theo % tai v6\ cac ty le H/CO khac [33] Hinh8.Phatth3iN0^theotJfethaythesyngas[1?] Ket q u i the hien tren hinh cho th5y Theo nghien cUu eda Changwei Ji phat thIi HC cd xu hudng gilm manh phat thai CO tang tang luong nhien tang ty le nhien lieu syngas cung lieu syngas bd sung vao dddng nap, cap nhu the hien tren hinh [17] Vdi ty Luong phat thIi CO tang tir 2600 ppm le the tich nhien lieu syngas cung den 3821 ppm tang lUdng nhien l l ^ cap vao dudng nap 2,43% thi phat thai syngas td den 2,43% Hien tiJflng HC gilm khoing 15,47% so vdi trddng cd the glli thich nha sau: tang hop sd dung ddn nhien lieu xang Khi lagng nhien lieu syngas se lam 0im tang lUdng nhien lieu syngas cung lagng khdng nap vao ddng cd,dod6 cap vao dudng nap se lam giam ty le A/F hon hop se dam hdn hayt^leA/FgiSm, lUdng khf nap bi giam dan tdi gilm Oieu cung ed the ly gill qu3 trinh phat thIi HC Ngoai ra, nhien lieu khf chay Hj can nhieu oxy hdn t? le A/F syngas co toe ngon Ida va hoa trgn tot cua Hj cao hdn nhieu so vdi xang Ngo^i hon nen qua trinh chay kiet hon so vdi ra, tdc chly cua Hj cao hdn so vS trudng hop sddung ddn nhien lieu xang, CO nen qua trinh xy hda Hj dien tUdd l l m gilm phat thai HC nhanh hdn nen lam giam nong dooxydt khu VUc chay nhien lieu, do ISm tang kha nang hinh CO Hinh the hien thay ddi ham Mcmg NOj, theo ty le nhien lieu khisyngasdtfic 1800 v/ph va ap suat nap MAP = 61,5 kPa Ket q u i cho thay NO^j dtf hudng g i l m xuong tang ty- le nhlSn lieu syngas Khi tjf le tang tir d& 2,43%, phat thIi NO^ giam 15,47%.Wi Hinti6, Phat thalHCtheotyle thay thesyngas [17] cung mot gia tri du lupng khdng khf,liN tang ty le nhien lieu syngas mat ^ nang lupng khoi cda hon hdp gi^m M TapchiKHOAHOC&CONGNGHE- So SCIENCETECHNOLOGYl vdi xang, dan tdi nhiet qua trinh chay ddng co giam, dd lam giam phatthliNO^ Ket q u i nghien cCifu cCia Bibhuti va cac cong sU ve phat t h l l doc hai vdi cac mau nhien lieu syngas cd ty le H/CO khac (100% H^ 75% H, va 50% H^) the hien tren hinh den 11 [10] 20 40 60 ao loo Hlnh Dien bien phat thSi CO theo t^i trpng i}ng vdi cac tyle H/CO khac [10] i-to 110 ' "" 100 - l - ^ H C O lOCO ]-»-H2C0 7i2S ;;5 £ i-f - ^ H Z C O lOOO - • - H CO 75 25 - ^ H C 5o:rj ,* trudng hgp nhien lieu khf syngas khdng cd chda CO, phat thIi CO la nhd nhat d tat c l cac che dd t l i Doi vdi trudng hdp ddng CO hon hop dong nhat tang tai ham lUdng CO tang len thieu d xy cung cap cho qua trinh chay Tuy nhien, doi vdi nghien cdu nay, tang tai phat thai CO tang nhien lieu chda mot ty le CO nhat ^ n h va qua trinh chly mugn hdn Ham lUdng CO Idn nhat la 68,213 va 247 ppm vdi trudng hpp tUdng dng 100, 75 va 50% Hj nhien lieu syngas Phat thai dpc hai HC theo t l i Ung vdi cac ty le H/CO khac nhien lieu syngas dUdc the hien tren hinh 10 [10] che tai nhd, qua trinh chay kem nen phat thai doc hai HC cao Khi tang t l i thi nhiet qua trinh chay tang len dd qua trinh chly kiet han nen phat thai HC giam ehe hieu suat cao nhat, phat thIi HC dUdc la 14, 36 v l 45 ppm tUdng Ung vdi ty le H/CO la 100,75 va 50% Khi d che tai Idn hdn 80%, phat thll HC cd xu hadng tang len qua trinh chay khong kiet bdi hdn hpp qua dam thai dpc hai eda ddng ed, cd the dua mot so ket luan sau day: - Khi sd dung ladng nhien lieu vdi nhien lieu syngas cung cap vao dudng nap se lam gilm he so nap eua ddng Cd mat dp eda nhien lieu khf syngas nhd hon khdng khf - Khi tang ty le thay the nhien lieu syngas se l l m gilm nang lUpng khoi cua mdi ehat nap (vdi ddng co xang) cung nhu giam tong nang lUdng cung cap (ddi vdi ddng cd diesel) nen lam giam ap suat cd fch trung binh Tuy nhien nhien lieu syngas ed mdi chat se cli thi^n qua trinh chly cua dong cd dan tdi hieu suat nhiet cua dong eg cao hon so vdi trdcffig hgp sCf dung don nhien lieu -CIcthanh phan phltthai ddc hai HC va NOj, cd xu hUdng gilm tang t j le nhien lieu syngas nap vao dong cd Tuy nhien phan doc hai CO cd xu hudng tang len Inh hUdng eda sUsuy giam nhiet va ap suat xylanh Ty le cac phan tdtrong nhien lieu syngas cd I n h hddng Idn tdi tinh nang lam viec va phat thai dde hai eda dong Nguyen nhan lam phat thai NOj,gilm CO: la ap suat va nhiet cue dai ben - Hieu suat nhiet cua dpng cdtang xylanh gilm xuong Mat khac, doi tang ty le H^ nhien lieu syngas vdi dpng cd diesel d che dp chay ngheo, d ehe t l i Idn, nhien hieu suat nhiet phltthai NOj^ rat thap Vdi nhien lieu cdty lai giam d ehe tai nhd q u i trinh le H/CO Idn, phat thai NO^ cao hon chu chay kem yeu la nhiet dp chay H^ cao hdn so vdi - He so nap cd xu hddng giam sd CO che t l i trung binh va Idn, dung ladng nhien lieu ehiem eh6 eua Kinh 11 Dien bien phat thSf NO^ theo tai ^ong dngqua trinh chay triet de hdn nen ap suat nhien lieu khf syngas tren dudng nap v l nhiet xylanh tang len dan tdi - Cang tang ty le H^ nhi^n lieu vffi cac ty le H/CO khac [10] Ham Iddng phIt t h l l CO eCia ddng cd tang ham luong phat thai NOj^ Phat thai khf syngas lam tang ap suat va nhiet NO^ cao nhat ddi vdi trUdng hop nhien qua trinh chly dan tdi phat t h I i HO^ tang (hinh 9) tang manh so vdi trudng hop sd lieu khf syngas cd 100% H^, va 50% tddng - Phatthli CO cua dong eg lai thay doi dung khf nhien lieu syngas vdi 100% Ong 220, 175 va 127 ppm ehe tai rat nhay cam vdi t^ le CO nhien lieu H^ qua trinh d xy hoa khdng hoan vUa va nhd (td 20 den 40%), phat thai syngas Ham lapng CO nhien toln CO nhien lieu v l ca NO^ deu giam ddi vdi tat c l cac trudng lieu nhien lieu syngas eang tang thi nhien lieu syngas.Ddi vcri trudng hgp hop hon hop nhat nen qua trinh chay phat thIi CO cua dpng co d n g Idn sddung khf nhien lieu khisyngas cd ehUa kem dan tdi ap suat v l nhiet dp chat lUdng qua trinh chly kem di Oieu ham lUdng CO, phat thai CO nhay cam vcfi xylanh gilm cung dan tdi phIt thai HC cua dpng t i l cda dong ca che dp t l i thap, cd tang len qua trinh chay khdng phat thai CO tang manh che 20% KEF LUAN tli, phat thIi CO la 82 va 106 ppm ddi vdi Tren co sdeac ket q u i phan tich dinh hoan toan 75 va 50% Hj nhien lieu syngas gia anh hddng cua nhien lieu syngas Cac nghien cdu tren da cho thay k h i so vdi trddng hdp 100% H, la 12 ppm Vdi den tinh nang kinh te, ky thuat v l phat nang sin xul't va sd dung nhien lieu khf & So 24.2014-TapdiiKHOA HOC&CONG NGHE |35 ••SISQEEScdNG NGUl syngas t h a y t h e m o t p h a n c h o n h i e n and Engineering, lEE Japan, Z0969A, ISSN: VOL FTE-03, lieu x a n g h o a c d i e s e l T u y n h i e n m d t NO.32-44, PAGE 37-42 (2003) [12| John Scahill, et al 'Trace Metal Scavenging sd n g h i e n c d u ehi m a n g t i n h ly t h u y e t , [24] Ma F OingS, WangY, WangM, JiangL, Naev*, et al "Performance an emission diaractensfiBrfj Spark-lgnition (SI) H2gen-enriched compressed natu^ ket q u a ehua n e u b a t d u o c v a n d e thUe from Biomass Syngas Using Novel Sorbents" University gas (HCNG) engine under various operating mit&a t e D o v a y , n d la n e n m d n g c h o n h d m of Alabama at Birmingham, April 2006 including idle conditions'! 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Journal of Engineering for Gas Turt)ines and ftw DECEMBER 2011,VoL133/122802-1 ... dung nhien lieu truyen thong sang sd dung nhien lieu khisyngas TONG QUAN S A N XUAT VA MOT SO TINH CHAT CClA NHI^N LIEU KHJ SYNGAS Nhien lieu syngas duac san xuat ta eac hop chat chda cacbon nhu... nen.Tfnh chat ly hda cCia cae phan chinh nhien lieu khfsyngasthe hien bing NGHIEN CChj sd DUNG NHIEN U|U KHfSYNGASTRiNDdNG CODdT TRONG Syngas la nhien lieu sach va day tiem nang de cd the thay... nhien lieu khf syngas Khi tang nhien lieu lieu syngas cCing cd the dUdc sddung syngas td 0% den 0,92%, nang tren ddng co chay nen dddi dang thay luong danh laa cua nhien lieu khisyngas the mdt