NLN I3Z-II/2UID a Cljnj UING DUNG THIET Bj SAY BANH TRANG TAN DUNG NHIET THAI TIJrLO TRANG BANH / M O T SO KET QUA NGHIEN Some results of application research of the rice cake drying equipment by utilizing waste heat from the rice cake stoves ThS Ma Phiroc Hoing, DH Bich khoa Da Ning Tiit kigm nang Iwgng fa mgt van de quan trgng sir phat triin cOa dat nir&c Trong Hnh virc nong nghigp, mgt nhirng tiim nang tiit kigm nang Iwgng cd thi dem lgi higu qui cao vi mat kinh ti, ve mat xi hgi eung nhw vi mat mdi tnrdng phii ki din kha nang thu hoi nhigt thai cua cac Id sin xuit cic san pham tw ggo nhw Id trdng binh, my, pho, bun, binh kgo, Bii bio niy trinh biy mgt so kit qua nghien ciru thirc nghigm vi vigc tgn dyng nhigt thai tw Id tring binh thu cdng di say sin phim banh tring thiPc ti tgi mgt hg sin xuat tren dia ban Quing Nam Thiit bi say binh tring cd cong suit 30 kg/ngiy Ngoii sin pham binh tring, thiit bj say cd thi dwofc sw dung de siy cic sin pham ndng nghigp khic nhw trii cay, thde, ngd, phue vy myc dich bao quin eic sin phim thu hogch cua hg ndng din Ttr khda: nhifit thai; ndng nghifip; thu hii; tilt kifim ndng luong, sly 1.DAT V A N D ^ Tim kilm cdc nguin ndng lupng tdi tgo di thay thi cde nguin ndng lupng tmyln thing tu cdc nhign lifiu hda thgch nhu than, diu, dit, Id mfit vln d l hit sue quan trpng tuang lai Bfin cgnh dd vific tilt kifim ndng lupng vd su* dung ndng iupng hifiu qua cOng dupe quan tdm ddng k l , nd anh hudng rat Idn den vln de v l chi phi ndng lupng Bdi bdo nfiu len thyc trgng cdc Id dit thiJ cdng niu cdc san phim tir ggo trdn dja bdn Quang Nam vd tilm ndng thu hii nhifit thai ttr cdc Id trdn Qua dd chung tdi dd nghifin ciru vd chl tgo ldp dfit mfit thilt bj sly bdnh trdng cd tgn dgng nhipt thai tir Id trdng bdnh d l gia nhifit cho khdng ndng tgi mdt hfi nfing ddn d huyfin Dgi Lfic tinh Quang Nam Kit qua dgt dupc rdt kha quan ed y nghTa Idn vific giam ehi phi ndng lupng vd giam gid thdnh san pham D | TLfQWG VA PHUONG P H A P NGHIEN CLTU 2.1 Md ti khu vyv nghien ctru Quang Nam la nai cd nhirng dfic san nii tiing d miln Tmng nhu my Quang, bdnh trdng thjt heo, bOn khfi, Vific san xult cdc san phim tir ggo trdn tir cdc h i gia dinh Idm nghi tmyln thing phi thfing Id chu yfiu, (t cd ca sd san xult Idn hay sir dgng ddy chuyin san xuat Cde Id niu st> dgng nhifin lifiu dot la cac phg phim nfing nghifip dupc thilt k l va ldp dfit hit si>c thfi so, igc hfiu (hinh vd hinh 2) Theo khao sdt thi phin Idn cdc Id niu trfin khdng dupc ldp dfit ing khdi thoat, dilu ndy din din mdi trudng Idm vific cua ngudi ddn bj d nhiem, sue khde khfing dam bao, san phim khfing dgt vfi sinh Cac Email: nhieilanfidng@gmaiTcom f^him iHu'ng Xy iiir Id cdn Igi cd ing khdi nhung hifiu suit ehdy v l n ^^Ip (20%) [1] tifiu hao nhifin lifiu vd nhifit lupng khdi thai mang ngodi cao Hinh Lo niu bun 2.2 Phwong phip nghien ewu (3 day vdn d l cln quan tdm ehlnh Id chit lui?ng eua ngudn nhifit thai tir cdc Id niu trdn Chit lupng phg thupc vdo nhifit dfi cua khdi thai mdi $ mifi line 'JSiitJi Uioa TCa WAi 26'NLN-132'11/2016 trudng, vdo luu lupng khdi hay ndi cdch khac phy thufic vdo cdng suit nhifit ed thi tgn dgng dupe md khdng anh hudng din kha nang bi dn mdn cua Ing khdi nhidt dp khdi thodt ngoai thlp hofic Idm tdng trd lye dydng khdi Cdng suit nhifit cua khdi cd t h i tfin dyng cua bp thu hii dy kiln se Id: QKh=GKh.Cp^.(tKr,'-tKh").W (1) Trong dd: Qkh: cdng suit nhifit thu hoi, W Gu,' ltru lypng khdi, kg/s CpkJi: nhifit dung rieng ciia khdi, J/kgK tkh' • nhifit dfi khdi vdo bp thu hii, °C tkh": nhifit dp khdi khdi bp thu hii, °C {tkh" cung chinh Id nhifit dfi khdi thoat mdi tmdng phgm vi cho phep sau da tfin dgng nhifit) Trdn dja bdn Quang Nam cdc Id niu ede san phim nfing nghifip tir ggo diu la Id thii cdng vd cd cfing suit vd kit ciu td gin nhu nfin chiing tfii dd chpn mfit hfi ddn Idm nghi trdng bdnh d Dgi Lfic d l tiln hdnh dgc d l tinh sa bfi lupng nhifit ed thi thu hii dupc trfin mfit hfi Chiing tdi dd tiln hdnh nhifit dfi vd luu lupng khdi, day Id hai thdnh phin quan trpng tinh todn cdng suit nhifit thu hii (hinh 3) Hinh Do nhigt dg khdi thai biln kho Thdng Binh, [3] Bang So Iwgng hg din lam nghi binh tring, bOn thiJ cdng trin dja bin Quang Nam [2] S l lupng tdm r ^ t ^ s i lupng ldm nghi Ixjn, my (hfi) bdnh trdng (hfi) Huyfin Difin Bdn 352 34 Ogi Lfic 270 26 Duy Xuyfin 103 22 Thdng Binh 75 26 Cdc khac 60 30 huyfin Qua kit qua thing kd nhfin thiy d khu vyc Quang Nam cd so lup'ng hfi ddn Idm cdc nghi san xult eac san phdm tir ggo Id rit Idn dd tiem ndng thu hfii nhifit thai d l tilt kifim ndng lupng cho hfi ddn vd eho xa hfii Id rit cao 3.2 Tinh toin Iwgng nhigt thu hoi ttr khdi thii cua eic Id niu san pham ndng nghigp twggo Theo dgc, nhtfit dp khdi dupc sau nhdm Id 30 phut vd kit thiic qud trinh niu eua Id dao dfing tir (230 ^ 280) "C Sy thay dii ndy dupe giai thich anh hydng cua qua trinh d p nhifin lifiu dit vdo Id inh hudng cua sy thilu vd thira Oxy buing dit Qud trinh tinh todn, chiing tdi chpn mirc nhifit dp tmng blnh cua khdi tkh' = 250 °C Id nhifit dfi khdi vdo bfi thu hii Luu lupng khdi thodt eung thay dli sy anh hudng eua nhifit dp khdi Theo phgm vi t^lu kifin Idm vific eho phdp eiia ing khdi tdc gia chpn nhifit dfi khdi khdi mdi birdng tu," > 150 "C Trong khoang nhifit dfi tkh" din twi", xem cdc thdng s i vfit Iv' vd thdnh phan cua khdi Id khdng doi Khi dd edng suat nhifit dy kiln cd thi tfin dgng dupc bilu diln bang Rd rdng nhifit dfi tkh" cdng giam thi cdng suit nhifit dy kiln cd thi tfin dgng dupc cdng tdng Bang Quan hg giira cdng suit nhigt vi nhigt dg khdi w (°c) 150 160 170 180 190 200 Qkh (kW) 19 17,2 15,3 13.4 11,1 9,5 K^T QUA VA T H A O L U A N 3.1 So Iwgng hg ndng dan lim nghe sin xuat cic sin phim ndng nghigp tir ggo & dia ban Quang Nam Quang Nam ed 18 huyfin vdi nhieu Idng nghi mil Idng nghi mang thuang hifiu ridng cua tirng dia phuang Vdi cde logi san phim ttr ggo cd rit nhilu thuang hifiu nii tiing nhu Idng nghe bdnh trdng Phu Chiem, Difin Phuang; Idng nghe bdnh trdng Dgi Lfic, bdnh trdng dfip Cim Nam, Hfii An f^/ii'itt miTiiii j t v « «// 'Ou! line 'Jiiitii UiM IT^i 'Mi NLN* 132-11/2016* 27 Hinh Quan hg giira cdngsuitnhigt vi nhiet dg khdi thoit Q-tki, 3.3 Thwe trgng say cie san pham tw gao di bao quin vi tieu thu san phdm, giam chi phi nhidn lifiu nhu cdch sly tmyln thing la mfit v i n di hit sire cdn thiet Vific sly san phim nhu banh trdng, bun khfi thudng phy thufic vdo thdi tilt chu ydu tap tmng vdo cdc ngdy ndng Phai ndng Id phuang phdp tmyln thing Idu ddi eua ba ndng dan (hinh 5), nhidn cd nhtrng bat cap sau: + San phim khdng dam bao vp sinh: de bi bdm byi bin hodc cdn trting (mii, kiln, ); Hinh Siy san pham bing phirong phip phoi ning Rifing v l mtia mua, nhu c i u cung irng thj trudng vln phai dam bao nfin cdc hfi dan da si> dgng cdc Id sly thii cdng ty che: Diing cde nhifin lifiu phg phim nfing nghifip nhu triu, cui,, hofic than d l dot chdy vd liy nhifit sly tryc tilp Bdnh trdng dypc dfit trdn vi, vi dupc gde Idn cdc sdt hofic khung tre hinh trdn, nhien lipu dit phia dudi (hlnh vd hinh 7) Phuang phdp sly bdnh ndy dupc diing rfing rdi vi cd hifiu qua sly nhanh sly trye tilp nhung ed nhCrng bat cfip sau: + Anh hudng din mfii trudng: dit bira bai nhifin lifiu; Hinh Say sin pham tren vi trwe tiep ttr than dot Hinh Say sin phim tr§n khung tre tryv tiip tir than dot 3.4 Tinh toin thiit ki thiit bj siy binh tring tgn dyng nhigt thil ttr Id tring binh Nguydn ly hfi thing thu hii nhifit d l sly dupe the hifin trdn hinh • W !j i + Tdng s i lupng tdng nhdn edng (dl sly bdnh); + Anh hudng tdi sue khoe ngudi: ngudi san XUIL ngudi tifiu thg; + Chit lupng san phim giam: anh hudng bdi khdi bgi than, ; + Gid thdnh san phim tdng- tin chi phi nhidn lifiu dit d l sly Ttr thyc t l chung tdi thiy ring, niu dp dgng khoa hpc ky thufit vdo vific thu hoi nhifit thai tir ede Id niu thii edng trfin mfit cdch hifiu qua d l sly cdc san phim ciia nd nhdm ndng cao ehlt lupng , 1 + Khdng thd tdng ndng suit nhilu (phu thupc sdn phoi), khdng Idm vific ban dem \ (_'_ Tr^""" Hinh Nguyen ly thiet bj say tgn dyng nhigt thil tLF Id nau Khdi tir buing dit Id thu cdng (1) vdo cdc ing eua calonfer trao dii nhifit vdi khfing Ignh bfin ngodi vdo (3), khdi theo dudng trd v l ing khdi eua Id vd thodt mdi tm-dng Khdng ndng se vdo thilt bj sly (5) nhfin I m eua vfit cln sly vd theo eua thai dm (6) thodt ngodi Trong qud trinh trao d i i nhifit, khfing chuyin dfing d i i luu cudng birc nhd qugt Tuy 'Vfli Iffle 'liiitli klitta ICi'i fHM 28'NLN-132'11/2016 nhiSn, trucmg h^p mM di0n thai gian ngin, khflng khf van c6 the chuydn dpng ty nhien nho* d$ chenh Ap chilu cao cua ong thodt Sm \(/n H$ thdng co stf dyng phipong phdp h6i nhi^t qud trinh siy 6k iam tdng hi^u qua sly Qud trinh nghien ciju chung tdi dd thi§t kfi, che tao, idp ddt vd van hdnh thyc nghiem mpt thiet bj siy bdnh trdng voi c6ng suat 30kg/ngdy co t$n dgng nhipt thai tir 16 trdng bdnh tat mpt hp ddn a xd Dai Hifip, huy^n Bai Lpe, tinh Quang Nam Dudrng kit ndi khoi 16 vd thiet bj the hien o hinh Bang Quan /i$ giira khoi luvng v$t lifu say theo thdi gian sdy (lin 1) T, phut 10 15 20 25 G,g 208 190 143 82 47 Bang Quan hg giira khoi Iwgng vgt ligu say theo thdi gian say (lan 2) T, phut 10 15 20 25 G.9 205 186 141 80 45 Bing Quan hg giira khoi Iwgng vgt ligu siy theo thdi gian say (lan 3} •z, phut 10 15 20 25 G.g 207 188 138 78 46 Hinh Thiet bi say binh trang t$n dyng nhi^t thii th{K te cong suat 30lfg/ngay Cdc thdng s6 thiet k l cua thilt bi [3]: - Loai thiet bj sly: sly buing - VJt iifiu sly: bdnh trdng c6 dird'ng kinh 350 mm, ddy mm - Cdng suit: 30 kg/ngdy - Kich thmi'c: DxRxC = (1750 x 1000 x 1540) mm Hinh 10 Dtrdng cong siy eho lan khic Tif kit qui thi nghi$m trdn chung toi thay ring: - BO Im diu vd sau vdt li^u sly : 80 % vd 12 % - Luvng nhifit cln thilt cho qud trinh sly: 9,8 kW - Luong khdng kh6 cln thilt L = 850 kg/h - Nhifit dp khdng ndng vdo sly: tn' = 70 °C - Nhifit dp khdi vdo caiorifer t^' = 250 °C - Nhipt dd khdi thpdt: tn," = 190 °C -Cdng suit quat: N = 120 W - Khay sly: + Kich thudc: (1340 x 920) mm + Vat liOu: khung nhdm, ludi inox + So bdnh: bdnh/khay + So khay: 3.5 Ket qua thirc nghidm va nh$n xet f'liiin niiinij Xi} t, Hinh 11 Hinh inh vgt ligu sau say - Ddnh gid san phim bdng cam quan: + Mdu s i c Bdnh trdng sau sly cd mdu sic giing bdnh trdng phai ndng Tuy nhifin bdnh trdng phai ndng cd dfic dilm qud trinh thodt Im djch ehuyin tir ngodi bidn ndn bdnh trdng khdng bj eong Vdi thilt bj say, qud trlnh djch lOiii line ^Biieli Utou >V> 'Hoi NLN* 132-11/2016'29 chuyin Im tir ngodi vdo nen cd hifin tupng cong ngodi bifin, tdm giOa banh thdi gian khd Idu han ngodi bifin Dilu ndy xay qud trinh b i tri hudng gid thii vd trudng nhiet dfi khdng ding diu, dfic bifit d cuii hudng gid Dd khic phgc dilu ndy, chiing tdi da thay d i i hudng gid vd dao khay d l tgo sy ding d i u qua trinh thoat dm + Miii: Khdng cd miii mic hofic miii Ig + Tgp chit: khdng cd tgp ehlt nhin bdng mit thudng - Oanh gid san phim bdng lydng: + Dfi Im bdnh trdng: Bdnh trdng sau sly xong (dfi I m coj tmng binh cac l i n s l y Id khoang 13 % sau thdi gian 25 phut) cd sai Ifich vdi ly thuyit (yeu c i u 12 %), dilu ed the ly giai nhu sau: qud trinh trao d i i nhifit - I m cd thfi bj giam nhifit t i n that mdi trudng, cdc thdng s i thyc t l cua khdng cd sai Ifich so vdi ehpn tinh todn, + Thfin gian say: Thdi gian sly tdng len thit thodt nhifit dao khay sly Tuy nhidn thdi gian sly cua thilt bj vln bing thdi gian sly theo phuang phdp tmyln ttiing phai ning (25' -^ 30") - Nhifit dfi khdng khdi caiorifer thay ddi theo nhifit dfi khdi vdo caiorifer dd nhifit dp sly se mit In djnh Vdi vfit lifiu say Id bdnh trdng niu nhifit dfi sly qud eao se Idm bdnh trdng khd, gidn khdng ding diu, d l nirt, mit chit lupng; niu nhifit dfi sdy giam xuing se lam tdng thdi gian sly Do vfiy, d l giir i n djnh nhifit dfi khfing bdng cdch dilu ehinh luu lupng khdi, khdng KfeT LUAN qua thilt bj tfin dgng khdi thai di sly bdnh trdng ed ndng suit binh qudn 30 kg/ngdy, qua dd tilt kifim dupc 9,8 kW Nhu vfiy, niu tgn dyng dup'C nguin nhiet thai d l say bdnh se tilt kifim dupc c^i phi nhidn lieu d l sly d mua mua, ndng cao chit lucmg bdnh Kit qua nghien ciru eho thiy tilm ndng thu h i i nhiet thai tir cac Id ndu cac san phim tu* ggo trdn dta ban Quang Nam la rat Idn Hifiu qua mang Igi cua giai phap thu hii nhifit thai khdng eh! giam chi phi san xult ma cdn hg dupe gid thdnh san phdm (mua mua), md rdng ddi tupng sly nhu cac san phdm khde (bun khd, bdnh kpo, tu eae Id n i u biin, td ndu kpo, .) hofic cdc ndng san thu hogch nhu thdc, ngd, trdi cay, dl bao quan Ngodi ra, sir dgng thidt bj sly ndy cdng suit cua cde hfi ndng ddn se tdng len ehii dfing dupe thdi gian, thilt bj sly cd the hogt dfing ngdy dfim, khdng phg thude thdi tilt V l hifiu qua xd hfii phai ndi d i n vific tgo mfit san phim ndng nghifip sgch han so vdi cdc phuang phdp truyin thing nhu phai ndng, hdng khdi,.-Ndng cao trinh dfi ddn tri cua ngudi ndng ddn vific tgo cdc san phim ddp u-ng ydu ciu ehlt lupng, cd t h i hudng tdi cac thj trudng tiem nang mdi nhu sieu thj, xult khiu, D I cd t h i dgt dupc hifiu qua trdn thilt nghT ngudi ddn cln phai thay d i i thdi quen Idm vific, lii suy nghT tmyln thing, dilu ndy ddi hdi sy quang ba thich hpp d l nhdn rfing md hinh cua cdc ca quan chuc ndng vd cdc nhd khoa hoc nhim tiln tdi sy phdt triln bin vtrng Idng nghi tmyln thing tuang lai Chung tdi dd che tgo vd dua vdo sir dung hipu ABSTRACT Saving energy plays a very important role In the sustainable development of a nation In agricultum waste heat recovery from rice cake stoves has a potential in saving energy, providing high efficiency In tenvs of economic, social and environment This paper proposes some results of experimental research on the utilization of waste heat from the rice cake stoves for drying the products at the produce households in Quangnam province Rice cake drying equipment with a capacity of 30 kg/day In addition to the rice cake, drying equipment can be used for drying agricultural pnDducts such as fruit, grain, com for the purpose of preserving the harvest products of the farmers Keywords: waste heat; agriculture; recovery; energy saving; drying TAI LIEU THAM KHAO [1] Ng6 Di>c Lfim (2002) Ld hai Id Oil ~ vdi vin di phat thai khf nhi kinh & nuiSc ta, Tgp chi KH vS CN Nhiel S l 46 2002 tr |2] Sa NN vi PTNT Qu^ng Nam (2015)- ThSng ki tinh hinh cic lang nghi trin tinh Quang Nam (3) Mi Phin>c Hodng (2015), Nghiin cOv tin diing nhi$t (hii tir Id tring binh Oi siy binh tring Tap chi KHCN DH ON, S i 01(86) 2015, tr 62 |4} Trin van Phu (2002) Tlnh toin vi thiit ki hi thSng siy Nha xult ban GiSo dgc Phin bign: GS TSKH Trin Van PhiJ I 'JriiAig ^ « ; /,(,, 'Jtiiel, Ulma 3K,1 fftiii