Cong trinh Khoa hpc MOT SO KET QUA NGHIEN ClTU TINH TOAN, T H I E T KE HE KHUNG EP CUA MAY EP C Q C THUY LlTC DI CHUYEN KIEU BU"6'C LLTC EP 800 TAN ThS NGUYEN NCQC TRUNG Bp mon Mdy xdy d^rng - Xep dd" Khoa Ca Trudng Dgi hoc Giao tliong Van tai Tdm tdt: Bdi bdo gidi thieu mdt phdn kit qud nghien cuu thu duac cua lugn vdn Thac sy hodn ihdnh nam 2012 tai trudng Dgi hoc Ky thuat vd Kinh te Budapest nhdm xdy dung ca sa khoa hpc cho viec chi Igo nude bp cdng tdc cua loai thiet bi Summary: The report introduces some re.iearch results of the Master thesis, which was defended in 2012 at Budapest University of Technology and Economics, to build the scientific bases for locally manufacturing the pressing platform of hydraulic pile pressing machine D A T VAN D E Hien d Viet Nam, vdi tdc dd dd thi hda cao keo theo nhu cau phat trien nha cao tang cang tang tai cac dd thi Idn Do do, sd lugng trang thiet bj va may moc phiic vu c6ng tac thi cdng nen mdng cho cac cdng trinh cung cang nhieu Mdt nhung loai may dang dugc su dung phd biSn d Vi?t Nam la may ep cgc thiiy luc di chuy6n kieu budc Tuy nhien hau het cac loai may deu dugc nhap ngoai va cac don vj san xuat nude cung chua cd cac ca sd khoa hgc de thiet ke, che tao lo^i may Viec nghiSn cuu h6 khung ep cua may ep cgc thiiy lire di chuyen kieu budc de lam ca sd cho viec thiet ke va che tao loai may nude la cin thiet Cdng trinh nghien ciru bao gdm cac ndi dung chinh la xac dinh ket cau khung ep bang phan tir hii'u han, md phdng cac phan tir thiiy luc cua he khung ep, nghien cuu dgng luc hgc Hinh Mdy ep coc thuy luc di chuyin budc f3f xylanh ep cgc I - Cabin - Khung ep: - Xylanh ep cpc; - Cpc; - Cdn; - Hop kep coc; Trong pham vi bai bao chi xin trinh bay - Cdn true: - Thdn may; y - Chdn di chuyen; 10 - Doi trpng cac ket qua nghien ciru tinh toan, thiet ke h8 khung ^p bang phuong phap phan tir hii'u han vdi sir trg giiip cua phin mem Algor vl9 SPl (FEM PRO) Tap chi KHOA HOC GIAO THONG VAN TAI So 44 - 12/2013 37 Cong trinh Khoa hoc u NOI DUNG I Khai niem may ep coc thuy lyc di chuyen budc May ep cgc thuy luc di chuyen budc dugc sir dung phii hgp de ep cac loai cgc be tdng trdn, vudng, cgc chir H va cac coc be tong diic sin khac vdi cac mat nSn dit cdng, cat hoac nen sdi, tai cac khu vuc dugc quy djnh ve dn va rung cho phep nhu cac toa nha cu, cac khu dd thj ddng diic, may cdn cd kha nang nho cgc Ngoai ra, loai may cdn dugc trang bj them mdt can true thuy lire phuc vu cdng tac nang [1] Nguyen ly boat dgng ciia may ep cgc thiiy luc di chuyen budc [4] (hinh the hien cau tao tdng the ciia thiet bj) Trudc tien cgc dugc cung cip cho may ep nhd mdt can true (7) dat tren may, cgc dugc dua vao hop kep coc (6) va dugc cd dinh d day nhd cac xylanh thiiy lire, sau dd cac xylanh ep cgc (3) sS day hop kep cgc di xudng de thuc hien qua trinh ep cgc vao nen dat Ket thiic mgt hanh trinh ep hop kep cgc (6) se nha cgc va dugc cac xylanh ep (3) keo len de tiep tuc mgt hanh trinh ep mdi De cd the di chuyen cac chan di chuyen ciia may se dugc dieu khien phdi hgp bang cac xylanh thuy luc dat dgc chan di chuyen, nhd may cd the tien, liii va quay vdi gdc quay nhd FhSn tich va lua chon ket cau khung ep 2.1 Khung ep dgng dan ^1 -Cpc • Khung phii >i - Xylanh ep - Khung chinh < * Vu diem: ket ciu dan gian, de che tao va san xuat * Nhirgc diem: chieu dai cgc ngin, lire ep tac dung len dau cgc nen de gay vd diu coc, ap suit dau thap, su dn dinh cua kk ciu khdng cao, hanh trinh ciia xylanh ep ngin Hinh Kit cdu khung ep dgng dan [2] 2.2 Khung ep dgng tru tron * U'u diem: chieu dai va tiet dien cgc Idn, hanh trinh ciia xylanh ep dai, kk ciu don gian de che tao, lap rap nhanh va dl dang, z - Xylanh ep - Hop kep cpc van chuyen dan gian t - Cpc * Nhugc diem: sir dn dinh ciia ket ciu khdng cao Hinh Kit cdu khung ep tru iron f3J 38 Tap chi KHOA HOC GIAO THONG V^iN TAI So 44 - 12/2013 Cong trinh Khoa hoc 2.3 Khung ep dgng chii- U * Cu diem; hanh trinh xylanh ep Idn, dn dinh cao, lap rap nhanh va de dang, van chuyen dan gian * Nhuoc diem: che tao phuc tap, gia cao, bao dudng khd khan Hinh Kit cdu khung ep dgng chir U [3f 2.4 Khung ep dgng ddm vdi xylanh ep nam * l/u diem: ap suat dau cao, hanh trinh 1- Xylanh ep xylanh ep Idn, kk cau don gian, dg dn dinh 2- Ddm chinh ciia ket cau cao, lap rap nhanh va de dang, 3- Chdl lien kil v^n chuyen de dang 4- Chdn da * Nhu-gc diem: che tao ddi hdi chinh xac cao Hinh Kit cdu khung ep dgng ddm vdi xylanh ep nam tren f3J 2.5 Khung ep dgng ddm vdi xylanh ep nam dudi * l/u diem: ket cau don gian cd dn dinh cao, van chuyen de dang * Nhugc diem: hanh trinh xylanh ep ngan che tao ddi hdi chfnh xac cao too Hinh Kel cdu khung ep dang ddm vdi xylanh ep nam dudi [3f - Ddm chinh; - Xylanh ep, - Chdn da Bang viec phan tich, danh gia cac uu, nhirgc diem cua khung ep, chiing ta lua chgn ket cau khung ep dang dam vdi xylanh ep nam tren de tinh toan, md phdng va phan tich phan tu hiru han Phan tich phan tu huu han khung 6p 3.1 Md hinh hinh hoc cua h^ khung ep - Ket ciu he khung ep bao gom cac chan dd (5) phia dudi dirge lien ket vdi phan than may bang lien ket han, phan tren lien ket vdi dam chinh (2) bang cac chdl lien ket (3), ben tren dam chinh la cac xylanh ep (1) dugc lien ket bang cac buldng Hop kep cgc (4) se dugc ep xudng nhd cac xylanh ep va dugc dan hudng bdi chan dd Kich thudc bao hinh hgc ciia he khung ep: Tap chi KHOA HQC GIAO THONG VAN TAI So 44 - 12/2013 39 Cong trinh Khoa hoc HxLxW = 6275x2610x1760 [mm], cac dac trung hinh hgc the hien mat cit ciia khung ep dugc Xhh hien [3] Md hinh 3D kht cau khung ep (hinh 7) dugc md phdng bang phin mhm Pro ENGINEER - Do he khung ep gdm hai khung ep chir U ddi xung (hinh 7), nen qua trinh tinh toan, md phdng va phan tich chung ta chi can xac djnh cho mdt ben khung ep 3.2 Dgc diem vdt lieu Vat li?u ma chung ta chgn cho cac phin tu ciia khung epdSu la thep A1SI1005 cd cac dac tinh nhu sau: Willi Mi liinh lii Ithuns 'P Pi I - Xylanh ep - Dam chinh; - Ciiol lien lih; - Hgp kep cpc: - Cha Bdng I Bang dgc tinh vgt lieu ciia cdc phdn tu ctia khung ep TT Cac phan tir ciia khung ^p IMddun aitn hSI |IV1Pa| H^ s6 Poisson I'M e^r*, fi; ia ', 'i' I Dam chinh 200000 0,29 Chan de ben phai 200000 0.29 Chan da ben Irai 200000 0.29 Chot lien ket phai 200000 0.29 i-4^ » i « Ch6tlien kat trai 200000 0.29 Hinh Bdn ve ky ihudt he khung ep ^ 3.3 Cdc trirang hop to hap tdi - Trudng hgp I (hai xy lanh ep chinh hoat ddng): dd luc tac dung ciia xylanh len mo ben khung ep la 2000 kN phan bd deu tren mat bich lap ghep xylanh - Trudng hgp (ca bdn xy lanh ep hoat ddng ddng thdi): lire tac dung ciia ciiE xylanh len mdt ben khung ep la 4000 kN phan bd deu tren hai mat bich lip ghep xylanh - Trudng hgp (thuc hien nhd cgc): xylanh chinh se tac dung vao mgt ben khung ep vd luc nen 2000 kN - Dieu kien bien ciia cac trudng hgp tren: He khung ep dugc lien ket ban vdi than may vd chieu dai dudng han la in 3.4 Sa hda ket cdu khung ep Phin dudi chan khung ep lien kk han vdi than may vdi chieu dai 1000 [m], nen phan char khung ep chii yeu chju tai tir vi tri han dSn chdt lien ket vdi dam chinh la 2010 [mm] Tir hinl^ dgng kht ciu khung ep d tren chirng ta cd duac cac so tinh cho cac trudng hgp t^i trgng ung vdi cac qua trinh lam viec ciia may nhu sau: 40 Tap chi KHOA HOC GIAO THONG VAN TAI S 4 - 12/201 Cong trinh Khoa hoc wMM Hinh 10 Trudng hap ep cpc Hinli Trudng hgp ep cpc vdi bdn xylanh ep vdi hai xylanh ep chinh 3.5 Phdn tich phdn tir hieu hgn Hinh 11 Trudng hap nho cpc De xac dinh ndi lire ben khung ep cac qua trinh lam viec, tdi su dung chuang trinh phan tich phin tir hiJu han Algor vl9 SPl (FEM PRO) Qua trinh phan tich cy th^ nhu sau: Sy tao ludi va s6 lugng cac phin tir dua tren md hinh md phdng 3D d tren Kich cd phan tir: 24 mm Loai phan tir: hinh lap phuang va kim tu thap Tdng phin tir: 131088 Tdng nut: 133751 3.5 L Trudng hup ep cac vdi hai xylanh ep chinh 3.5.2 Trudng hgp ep cgc vdi hai xylanh ep chinh fl Hinh 12 Mo hinh sau dugc tao ludi, dgt lire Hinh 13 Md hinh sau dugc Igo ludi, dgt lifc vd dieu kien bien ctia trudng hap vd dieu kien bien cua trudng hgp 3.5.3, Trudng hgp nhd cgc Hinh 14 M6 hinh sau duac tao ludi dgt li.vc vd dieu kiin bien cua trirang hap T3P chi KHOA HOC GIAO THONG VAN TAI S6 44 - 12/2013 41 Cong trinh Khoa hoc 3.6 Cdc kit qua thu dirge sau phdn tich phdn tir hiru hgn 3.6.1, Trudng hgp ep cgc vdi hai xylanh ep chinh • T^ Hinh 16 Chuyen vi theo phuang Y trudng hap diing xylanh ep fmm Hinh 15 Ung sudl long trudng hap diing xylanh ep fMPa] 3.6.2 Trudng hap ep cgc vdi bdn xylanh dp Hmh 17 U'ng sudl tdng trudng hop diing xylanh ep fMPaf 3.6.3 Tnrong hgp nho cgc Hinh 18 Chuyen v/ theo phuang Ytrong trudng hgp dimg xylanh ep fmmf n n Hmh 19 U'ng sudl long trudng hgp nhd cpc fMPaf Hinh 20 Chuyen vj theo phuang Y trudng hgp nhd cpc fmm] I tdng hgp ung_suat va chuyen vj thu dugc cac trudng hgp may lam viec nhu sau: Biuig u'ng sudl Idn nhat xuat hien irong cdc phd Cng suat l™ nhat |MPa] iTng suat cho phep: 350 llVIPaj Chan da phai Cac tru-ffna hoTJ kiem tra Ep voi xvlanh Ep vol xylanh 256,24 98,88 Nho coc 98,88 Chan da trai 222,52 283,15 222,52 196,73 Diim chinh 196,96 340,88 Chot lien ket phai 12,59 35,29 12,60 Chot lien ket trai 24,08 34,25 24,08 42 — ^ Tap chi KHOA HOC GIAO THONG VAN TAI —_^;:^ So 44 - 12/2013 Cong trinh Khoa hoc Chuyen vi lo^n nhat cac phan tir [mml Chan da phai Bang Chuyen vi tan nhdl xudl hi^n irong cdc phdn lu ciia Idiung ep irong cdc Iruang hgp lam viec Cac trirtyng htfp kiem tra Ep vol xylanh Ep vol xylanh Nho coc 0,46 1,24 0,46 Chan d5 trai 0,79 1,24 Dam chinh 1,04 1,38 1,04 Chot lien ket phai 0,15 0,4 0,15 Chot lien ket trai 0,24 0,4 0,24 0,79 Nhan xet: - Tir cac hinh va bang sd lieu tren chiing ta thay rang phan tu dam chinh cua hS khung ep cd ung suat va chuyen vj Idn nhit (a,nax = 340,88 [MPa], 5y = 1,38 [mm]) tai mat cit giiJa dim irng vdi trudng hgp ep vdi ca xylanh ep - Nai tap trung ung suit chii ySu tai mat bich lien ket cac xylanh ep va cac vi tri lien kk han giij-a cac chan d& va than may III.KETLU^N Phan tinh toan, thiet ke ket cau thep he khung ep ma tdi da tien hanh dat dugc mdt so ket qua sau day: Da phan ti'ch dugc cac loai ket cau khung ep khac tir dd dua ket cau khung ep phii hgp de tien hanh md phdng 3D k8t cau bang phan mem Pro ENGINEER 02 tien hanh xac djnh cac trudng hgp lam viec ciia may nham xac djnh cac dieu kien cho viec phan tich phan tir hiru ban ket cau khung ep Sau dd, sir dung phan mem Algor vl9 SPl (FEM PRO) de phan tich ket cau va da nhan dugc cac ket qua the hien cac diem lam viec bat Igi ciia khung ep, cung nhu thay dugc ket cau md hinh dua dam bao dugc kha nang chju luc va dap img dugc nhu cau cdng viec ciia may Cac ket qua nghien cdu d tren cd the sir dyng lam tai li?u CO ich cho viec chi tao may ep cgc tTnh di chuyfin budc tai Viet Nam Tai li|u tham khao [ I ] Arcelor Milial: Installation of steel sheet piles, Luxembourg Publisher, 2004 [2] MddliJozsef- Gemes Jdzsef: Epitogepek II (Melyepitoipari'gdpek) Tank6nyvkiad6, Budapest, 1986 [3] Nguyin Ngoc Trung: Luan yfln thac sj Thiit ki khung ep ciia mdy ep cgc thuy lye di chuyen ki^u budc luc ^p 800 Tan, Budapest 2012 [4] SUNWARD Intelligent Equipment: ZYJ 800H Operator's manual* Phan bien: PGS TS Dd Vi|t DQng Tap chi KHOA H Q C GIAO THONG VAN TAI So 44 - 12/2013 43 ... * Nhu-gc diem: che tao ddi hdi chinh xac cao Hinh Kit cdu khung ep dgng ddm vdi xylanh ep nam tren f3J 2.5 Khung ep dgng ddm vdi xylanh ep nam dudi * l/u diem: ket cau don gian cd dn dinh cao,... di chuyen ciia may se dugc dieu khien phdi hgp bang cac xylanh thuy luc dat dgc chan di chuyen, nhd may cd the tien, liii va quay vdi gdc quay nhd FhSn tich va lua chon ket cau khung ep 2.1 Khung. .. 2000 kN - Dieu kien bien ciia cac trudng hgp tren: He khung ep dugc lien ket ban vdi than may vd chieu dai dudng han la in 3.4 Sa hda ket cdu khung ep Phin dudi chan khung ep lien kk han vdi than