Tiến bộ trong nghiên cứu quá trình reforming mêtan và hơi nước để sản xuất hydrô sạch ở nhiệt độ thấp

NGHISN CLIU-TRflOBOI TIEN BO TRONG NGHltN CtU QUA TRINH REFORMING METAN VA HOI NOfiC DE SAN XUAT HYDRO SACH i NHIET DO THAP CONG NGOC T H A N G ddrrdnlQC- Wia dlu Ktaa Vki - tH Bai bao te'ng l^™ fSMH - tnJdng hap 2) Co the thay rang, viee sd dung chat hip phy ludn d i n den viec tao IUdng hydro nhieu hdn so vdi khona SLf dung chat hap phu KhS nang t§ng eddng dd chuven hda tang len ap suit tang, bdi vl ap si'ilt cao -ã cĐn trd qua trinh tao CO, va tang kh^ khi^Hnq ap suat, hieu suat tgo hydrd gjam di, , i/rt ' hadng cua dp tang cudng chuyen hda Cac ket qua tddng ta cung thu dUpc xem xet anh hudng cCia nhi§t dp nhU ehi hinh 10, dd hieu suit tgo hydro la cao hdn d nhiet dp cao nhdng dd tang eudng tgo hydro thi thap hdn Nhu vay, can td'i du hda cae thong so van hanh eua he tho'ng Mo phong Ckc nghien edu mo phong dua tren md hinh thilt bi phan dng c&n bang (Equilibrium Reactor) phan mIm HYSYS 2.4 cung da dupe thuc hi§n vdi qua trinh SMR de so sanh vdi eae kit qua thtJc nghiem phkn iing va eae kit quk phan tich nhiet ddng hpc [8] Cac hinh 11 va 12 md ta anh hudng cua ap suit den dp chuyen hda can bang tfnh toan va dp ehuyen hda md phdng cd va khdng ed dong trd (nitd) va ehit hip phu Phin chl nghien cdu thiet bj phan Qng dong lien tuc Thiet bj lam viec d nhiet dp 400°C vdi ty so' mol hdi nddc/metan la 6,5 06 the nh§n thay td eae kit quk md phdng nha chi Hmh 11: inh tiUdng ciJa ap sudt den Hinti 12 anti hUdng cua ip suat den ctiuyen hoa vi tSng cUdng chuyen dd chuyen hda va tang cUdng chuyen hoa (md phdng SMR cd nita) hoa (md phdng SMR I(h6ng co nita) hinh 11 va 12 rang, ap suat tang td 140 kPa len 400 kPa thi dd chuyen hoa md phong cd va khong ed ddng nitd lan Iddt g\km 18,24% (tQ 68,49 xuong edn 50,25%) va 9,71% (tQ 29,65 xuong cdn 19,94%) cho thiet bi phkn iing ddng lien tue vdi IQu lUdng dong nitd la 50 Ift/phut va khong cd chat hip phu (hlnh 11) cung nhu thiet bj phan dng ddng lien tue khdng sd dyng ca khf trd va chat hip phu (hinh 12) nhiet dp 400°C va ty so mol hdi nudc/metan 6,5, cd ehat hap phu, dp chuyen hda giam lln lupt la 10,23% (td 82,02 xuong 71,79%) va 10,13% (ta 56,04 xud'ng 45,91%) cho thiet bj phan dng dong lien tuc vdi luu lu^ng ddng nitd la 50 lit/phut va thilt bi phkn iing dong lien tuc khong sCf dyng khf trd Cung cac hinh nay, dp chuyin hda can bang giam td 74,5% xud'ng 54,6% cho thiet bj phan dng ddng lien tyc vdi IUu lUpng ddng nitd la 50 Ift/phut, nghTa la giam 19,9% va sd g\km doi vdi thilt bj phan Qng ddng li§n tue khdng ed ddng nitd la 10,9% (td 33,9% 140 kPa xud'ng 23,0% 400 kPa) NhOng kit qua chi rang, ap suit ed Inh hudng mgnh hdn den S620 nam 2014 Topchi KHOflHCtt I 83 CONG NGHE VIET N M I NGHIGN cOU-TRRO DOI he thilt bj phkn Qng ddng lien tue khdng cd ehat hip phu, dgc biet cd ddng khf trd Khi so sanh eac kit quk md phdng vdi eae ket qua hlnh cd thi thay rang, cac kit qua md phong, thuc nghiem va phan tich nhidt dpng hoc kha phu hpp vdi dupe rut td kit qua nghien edu bao gom: - Trong ck hai trudng hpp, dd chuyen hoa nguyen ligu hydrd cd sQ dung chat hip phy COg ludn Idn hdn dp chuyin hoa nguyen lieu hydro khdng sit dyng ehIt hap phy CO, Cac moi quan he tUdng tU giQa cac dp chuyen hoa - Trong cac dieu kien cija nghi§n cdu, dd tang md phdng va can bang vdi nhiet dp eung dUdc nhan cddng chuyen hda on d[nh gikm tang nhiet dp thiy nha chi cac hlnh 13,14 phan dng, td'c dp t h i tfcli nguyen lidu, ty so mol hdi nUdc/nguyen lieu va luu lupng ddng khf trd Tuy nhien, tang ap suat thi dd tang cddng chuyen hda t&ng len NhOng kit quk thdc nghigm kha phu hpp vdi eac nghien edu nhiet dpng hpc va md phong mkc du eac ket qua thUc nghiem luon nho hdn cac gia tn mo phdng va phan tfch nhigt ddng hpe Hinh 13- inti tiUdng cua nhi§t a$ (Jen Hinh 14 anh hudng cDa nhiet dd den ad ctiuyin hda vA tSng cUdng chuyen dd chuyen hda va ting cUdng ctiuydn hoa (md phdng SMR khong cd nitaj hda (md ptiong SMR cd nita) Cac hinh 13 va 14 ehi cac quan he giQa dp chuyen hda md phdng va can bang vdi nhiet dp ap suat 300 kPa cho thiet bj phan Qng ddng lien tuc lan lapt khong cd va cd ddng nitd Ty so mol hdi nudc/metan dUde sd dung la 6,5 va Idu lapng ddng nitd la 50 li't/phut eho trudng hpp cd sQ dung mang Cd t h i nhan thiy td hinh 13 va 14 rang, vdi thilt bj phkn iing ddng lien tue ed va khdng cd ddng nitd, dd chuyen hda md phong va can bang tang nhiet dp tang dung nhd mong dpi Dp chuyen hda md phdng va can bang IUu lUpng dong nitd la 50 lit/phut cao hpn dang k l khdng cd ddng nitd Dieu eung dung nhU mong muon vi sU ed mat cua nitP da pha loang hieu qua nong dp CO, va dd lam tang dp chuyen hda mdtan So sanh vdi cac kit quk thlic nghiem hinh 6, dp chuyin hda thuc nghiem on djnh dien htnh eua qua trinh SMR va SE-SMR, mdt lln nQa cd the thay rang cac so' lieu mo phong, thyc nghiem va phan tich nhi§t dong hpc tUdng doi phu hpp vdi Ket luan Cdng ngh§ de san xult hydrd nhiet dd thap kem theo viec loai bo CO, da dape tac gia nghien edu bang each sQ dyng nguyen lieu la m§tan va hydrotanxit lam chit liap phy CO, Cac nghien cdu nhiet ddng hpc, thUc nghiem va mo phdng doi vdi phan ufng SMR d l s^n xult hydrd d nhiet dp thap va khong gay nhilm mdi tradng da dupc thyc hien cho ck hai trudng hdp sd dyng hdn hdp chat xLic tac va ehat hap phu (trddng hdp 1) va cdng nghe tuan hoan ehIt hap phu ran (tradng hpp 2) Cac ket luan chinh 64 c6N^ci;i??;a-—^ - Cac nghien cOu thOc nghiem, mo phong va phkn tfch nhiet dpng hpc da khang djnh tinh khk thi cija cdng nghe mdi dUde nghien cOu ^ Tai lieu tham khan [1] IPHE (2011), IPHE Renewable Hydrogen Report, International Partnership for Hydrogen va Fuel Cells in the Economy [2] Patwardhan K.V , Dhumal V.D and Balaramakrishna P., (2014) Revamping the hydrogen generation unit • Hydrogen plants can be modilied for higher production by employing innovative process schemes, Petroleum technology quarterly, 02.25-31 [3] Ding Y,L, v^ Alpay E (2000) Adsorption-enhanced steam-methane reforming, Chemical Engineering Science, 55, 3929-3940 [4] Cong N.T (2009) Adsorption enhanced steam methane reforming for low temperature hydrogen production using solids circulation, the University of Leeds, PhD thesis [5] Cong H.T (2011 a) Adsorption enhanced steam methane reforming for low temperature hydrogen production using solids circulation Part 1; Thermodynamic analyses, Vietnam Journal of Chemistry, 49 (5AB), 130-136 [6] Cong N.T (2011 b) Adsorption enhanced steam methane reforming for low temperature hydrogen production using solids circulation Part Experiments (I), Vietnam Journal of Chemistry, 49 (SAB), 137-143 [7] Cong Ngoc Thang (2013), Khko sat m6t s6 yeu t6^nh hL/3ng den qua trinh sSn xua't tiydrS Xii metan tren h§ thiet bi phSn iJng d&m c6 dinh co tang cifdng qua trinh hap phy, Tap chl Hoa hpc, 51 (6ABC), 498-503 [8] CSng Ngpc Thang, Nguyin Tht Mmh Hi^n, Phgm Trung Kien (2013) M6 ph6ng qua trinh reforming m6tan va hdi ni/dc dU0c tang cudng qua trinh h&p phu di sin xui't hydr6 sgch nhiel dp thgp, Tgp chi Hoa hpc, 51 (6ABC), 492-497  ... phan ang reforming C^H vdi hdi nadc (1) vasau la phan ang chuyen djch khi- nadc (2): C^H^ + xHgO = xCO + (x + y/2)H, CO + HgO = CO, + H, (1) (2) Nha veiy, phan ang t6ng quat cua qua trinh reforming. .. (2000) Adsorption-enhanced steam-methane reforming, Chemical Engineering Science, 55, 3929-3940 [4] Cong N.T (2009) Adsorption enhanced steam methane reforming for low temperature hydrogen production... kien khf adt va nhiet dp cao ca vdi cac hat tinh the rat nho [4] Noi dung nghien ciifu Qua trinh reforming nguyen lieu hydro cacbon (C^H ) va hdi nadc co sD dyng xuc tac la mpt nhu''ng qua trinh