• KHOA HOC CONG NGHE ^ TINH TOAN LU'A CHON N G U N HWOC CHO TRAM C A P NUOC 400M^/NG.O TAI XA THUY AN, HUYEN THAI THUY, TINH THAI BJNH PGS.TS NGUYEN VAN BAY Vien Ky thupt tdi nguyen nu&c THS NGUYEN MINH TUAN Trirdng Dai hpc Thuy Ipi Hd Npi Tdm tat: Bdi bdo gidi thieu ve vdn de tinh todn, lua chon nguon nude phuc vu cdp nude cho trgm xic ly nude 400m^/ng.d tgi xd Thuy An, huyen Thdi Thuy, tinh Thdi Binh Dua tren diiu kien thuc te nguon nude tgi khu vuc huyen Thdi Thuy ndi chung va xd Thuy An ndi rieng cUng nhu nhirng dgc thit ve sdn xudt nong nghiep cua xd Thuy An Id chu yeu chong cdy thudc ldo, hdnh vd tdi Qua phdn tieh thuc te, sit dung nguon nude mat thucmg bi nhiem bai nhiing phu phdm, phdn, tro, thuoc trir sau qud trinh sdn xudt, thu hogch ciia cac nong phdm ndy gdy Han nira, vdo mua ndng ngudn nude mat tgi ede kenh khu vice xd Thuy An nhu kenh N2 thuang b cgn, khdng ddm bdo lugng nuac cdp cho trgm xic ly 400m /ng.d hogt dpng, chi phi cho h$ thong ddn nude tie cdc song (sdng Sinh), kenh N2 ve trgm cdp nude rdt ton kem vdphuc tgp Theo so lieu khdo sdt dia chat, dia tdng tgi khu vuc huyen Thai Thuy, cho thdy co the sic di^ng nguon nuac nga de phuc vu cdp nuac cho trgm xu ly ndy Tu khda: Nguon nuac, trgm xir ly, nhiem, nude ngam, nuac mat Abstract: This paper present gbout caleulgtion, choosen of water sources to supply services for treatment water station 400m /day in Thuy An commune, Thai Thuy district Thai Binh province The based on fact of source of water at Thai Thuy district in general as well as characteristics o agricultural production Thuy An commune is mainly planted pipe tobacco, onions and garlic Through practical analysis, using surface water sources gre often contaminated by these byproducts, fertilizer, ash, pesticides in the production and harvesting of agricultural products cause More over, in the dry season surface water in the channel Thuy An communal areas such a channel N2 often shallow, no guarantee of water for the treatment plant 400m3 /day activities, the cost of water from the system the river (Sinh river ) , N2 channel of water supply is expensive and complex According to data from geological surveys, regional stratigraphy in Thai Thuy district, suggesting possible use of groundwater for water supply services for the processing station Key words: Water sources, treatment plants, pollution, groundwater, surface water I Gi6i thi^u chung Tinh den ndm 2013, ca nude da xay lap ban 11,5 ngan cdng trinh cdp nude tap trung phyc vu hon 12,5 trieu ngudi dan ndng thdn Tren thyc te cd lo^ md hinh quan ly van hanh edng trinh cap nude tap trung (cdng ddng, hgp tdc xa, tu nhdn, trung tam nude, uy ban nhan dan, doanh nghiep va ban quan ly (hdi dimg nude)) Moi md hinh cd dac diem uu va nhuge dilm khac dugc td chuc tren co sd dilu kien thyc tl TAP CHITAI NGUYEN Ni;(3CS(5 4-2014 39 • KHOA HOC CONG NGHE • cua mdi dia phuong va dem lai hieu qua su dung cung khde Hien nay, eac co quan quan ly Trung uong (Bp Ndng nghiep va PTNT) va cdc dia phuong da chu y tdng hgp, tdng ket nit kinh nghiem de chi dao cdng tac xdy dyng eac cdng trinh cap nude tap trung dat kit qud tdt ban, sd dung eac cdng nghe xu Iy nude hien dai hon, kinh te bon va thuan Igi cho viec su dung van banh, bao dudng sua chua hon Sd lugng cdng trinh cap nude tap trung da dugc xay dyng vdi so lugng ldn, nhien, cac thilt bj CO dien cdng nhu he thdng dng ddn tu tram bom din bing thdn xdm, timg gia dinh diu dugc tinh toan, thiet ke, lap ddt theo rdt nhilu kilu khae ddi vdi cdc dia phuong khae nhau, khdng theo mpt quy chudn nao Nhilu tr^im cdp nude, eho den nay, vdn cdn su dung cac cdng nghe xd ly nude thd so, Iac bau, tinh toan lya chgn thiet bi khdng phu hgp, gia thdnh eao, ddi bdi ehi phi dien nang cbo van hanh thiet bi cac may bom qua cao , khdng thuan lgi quan ly van hanh su dung, dd, " gay khd khdn, vdt va eho ngudi tryc tiep van hdnh va quan Iy, chi phi van hanh cao, dan den gid Im^ nude tang len Chinh vi vay, can trien khai dl tai khoa hpe cdng nghe di sdu nghien euu vl tram cap nude 400m^/ng.d de gdp phan khde phuc cdc tdn tai neu tren nhdm tao dugc mdt md hinh tram cdp nude hgp ly, tien tien hon, de su dung bon vd chi phi eho xdy dyng cdng trinh ndi chung cung phu hgp hon, tung budc tien tdi xau dyng duge md hinh mau cd ehdt lugng va hieu qua eao De d^t dugc cdc muc dich neu tren nham lam chii thiet ke, cdng nghe xdy lap tram cap nude dung chb sinh boat vdi cdng suat 400m^/ngay.d phuc vy vdng ndng thdn, de tdi nghien euu dd dugc Lien hiep eae Hdi khoa bgc va ky thuat Vipt Nam, Lien hiep cac Hdi khoa hgc va ky thuat tinh Thdi Binb chpn dia diem xa Thyy An 40 TAPCHITAI NGUYEN Ni;(3CSC4-2014 dl triln khai thyc hien md hinh tram cap nuoc phuc vy cho chuong trinh ndng thdn mdi // Van de nguon nude Ngudn nude cho tram cap nude 400m /ngay.d I tai xa Thuy An, huyen Thai Thuy, tinh Thai Buih dugc xem xet theo bai phuong an: - Sd dung nude ngam tai chd - Sd dung nude mat duge lay tu sdng Sinh each dia dilm xay dyng tram cdp nude khodng 7.000m Khdo sat ngudn nude thue te tai khu vyc xa Thuy An cd tbI xdc dinh dugc eac ket qua sau: a) vi nude ngam tgi cho Thyy An Id xa ven bien nam each bien gan IKm Ddc dilm dia hinh thdp, bdng phdng, chiu dnh hudng cua nude man Tai Thyy An da xay dyng mgt tram cdp nude tu nam 1997 vdi cdng sudt 400m3/ngay.d Tram cdp nude ndy dugc thilt kl va xdy ldp da diing edng nghe xd ly nude lac hdu, vay, chat lugng nude khdng dat yeu cdu phye vu sinh hoat, nude eho ngurn dan su dyng d ddu ngudn cd dp luc manh nhung cudi ngudn dp lue yeu, cd trudng hgp khdng lay dugc nude nhu mong mudn Cdc thiet bi cdng nhu cdng trinh eua tram cap nude cu da hu hdng vd boat ddng kem hieu qua, dae biet, lugng sat nude cdn kha cao, vupt xa tieu chuan ve nude sach Khd sdt ciing nhu nhiem bun eo, dp due cao nude ngdm s6 duge xd Iy dat ket qua tdt neu sd dung cdng nghe tien tien hien Gieng khoan phyc vu eung cdp nude ngdm da su dyng tu ndm 1999 den chung td ngudn nude ngdm d xa Thuy An ddm bao dat yeu eau phyc vy eho viec xay dung tram cap nude mdi cdng suat 400m /ngay.d Do man nude, ndi chung, khdng qua cao va cd the sd dung nude ngdm eho sinh boat dat yeu cdu cho phep Kit qua phan tich hda ly cua nude ngdm d xa Thuy An chung minh rdng, cd thi su dyng phuong an nude ngdm cho tram cap nude 400m^/ngay.d Ngoai ra, ed the khoan giing Idy nude ngdm • KHOA HOC CONG NGHE • tai vi tri tram bom ndm canh thap eao tai vd be Iang, vdy, chieu dai dudng dng ddn ngan (LnuiSc ngam ~ 40m) Dieu dd se cho phep giam dang ke ehi phi dudng dng, ldp dat eung nhu ehi phi cbo dien ndng chay bom (dung bom vdi cdng sudt 5,5kW) Viec quan ly, van hdnh su dung bom eung rat thuan Igi, chi phi xdy dyng tram thdp b) Ve su dung nude mat Vdi phuong an sd dung nude mat eho tram cap nude 400m^/ngdy.d tai xa Thyy An cd tbI lay nude tu sdng Sinh nam each vi tri tram cap nude Lnirdc m^t = 7.000m Hd thdng dudng dng dan nude radt tu tram bom (ldp dat tai sdng Sinh) den xa Thyy An phdi di qua xa (Thuy Hdng, Thyy Dung, Thuy Trinh va Thuy Luong) Dieu yeu edu chi phi rdt ldn cho vide dao rdnh, xdy md dd ldp dng ddn nhdm bdo ve dng Hon nira, dudng dng vd tram bom dugc xay dyng qua xa neu tren yeu edu phdi ed chi phi eho vi^c thue dat hang ndm cua xa Dieu ciing gdy rat nhieu khd khan cho xd Thyy An viee bd tri ngudn vdn va quan Iy, van hanh hang nam Sudt chilu dai dng Lnndc mji = 7.000m di qua xd neu tren ddi hdi phdi ed nhieu cut eong va cdc phu kien kem theo lam tang chi phi eho he thdng dudng dng Tdn that thuy lye theo chieu ddi dudng dng cung nhu tdn thdt cyc bd tai cac ciit cong, van se rdt ldn Dieu dan den yeu cau phdi tdng ddng kl kich thudc dudng dng dan, nghia la, se tdng chi phi Dudng dng dai, tdn that thuy lyc tdng dan din tdng chilu cao ept nude may bom, do, se lam tdng edng suat dgng co dien chay bom, ddng nghTa vdi vi$c tang chi phi dien chay may bom cdp nude m^t td sdng Sinh vl tram xd ly nude tai xa Thyy An Ngoai ra, cac chi phi xay dyng tram bom se tdng them bom ldn hon, ddt d xa tram xu ly nude; tdng chi phi cho day cap dien chay may bom, tang chi phi cbo quan ly bao ve tram bom; viec van hanh su dyng thiet bi may bom eiing khd khan hon nhieu Mdt dieu rdt quan trpng can dugc luu y ve nude mat duge Idy tu sdng Sinh Theo chieu dai dgc bd sdng, nude thai vd tham tri nude mua chdy qua cac rupng trdng rau mdu (hanh, tdi, thudc ldo, ede loai dua ) deu bi anh hudng nang bdi thudc trd sdu, phdn tro , cac loai than cay muc nat ciing nhu than cdy ngdm dudi sdng Mpt khdi lugng rat ldn eae loai nude mua, nude thai cua cae xa ven sdng deu chdy xudng sdng gay d nhiem cho ngudn nude ndy (ke ea cac chat thai edng dugc ngudi ddn vut bua bai xudng sdng vd bai ben bd sdng ) Ngodi ra, hdng ndm vao miia khd (tu thdng 5) lugng nude tren sdng Sinh cdn lai rdt it NghTa la, vdn de ve sinh mdi trudng ddi vdi ngudn nude mat khdng dat yeu eau Khdo sat thyc te tai Thyy An eho thay, neu sd dung nude mdt Idy theo kenh N2 chdy td sdng Sinh ve Thyy An thi gap phai cdc bien trang sau; - Nude chdy trdn kenh rat ban, mat vp sinh dnh hudng cua nude thau rua tu cdc rudng trdng thudc Id (rieng xa Thuy An tdng dien tich trdng cay thudc la I20ha), hdnh tdi (do phan tro, thudc tru sdu, cdc vat la, rae thai, nude thai tu cac xa Thuy Luang, Thyy Trinh, Thuy Hdng, Thuy Dung vd xa Thuy An gdy ra) - Hdng nam, nude tren kenh N2 bi can kiet td thdng den thang nam sau Khi ay, khdng the cd nude cap cho tram cap nude 400m^/ngay.d eua xa Thyy An Mudn dam bdo dd lugng nude cho tram cdp nude can xay dung be chua nude ldn rat tdn kem - Mdt sd yeu td quan trgng nua can luu y la, nude mat bi d nhiem nang vdi phan hda ly, thay ddi theo thdi gian, mua vu va rat nhilu phan ddc hai nude cdn phai xd ly (ke ca anh hudng cua nude man vung ven biln) TAP C H I T A I NGUYEN NUdc S6 4-2014 41 • KHOA HQC CONG NGHE • Dieu din dSn su phiic tap va ton kem cho viec xu ly nuoc mat TSng hpp kSt qua tinh toan lua chpn cac loai may bom va he thdng ducmg ong din ciing nhu kinh phi diu tu cho cac phuong an sir dung nuoc ngim va nuoc mat tram cap nuoc 400m'/ngay.d tai xa Thuy An dupc trinh bay bangj va bang III Lya chgn may bffm va tinh toan du-img ong D6i vol tram bom cip nuoc 400 m'/ngay.d o Thuy An, cin culig cip luu lupng nuoc la Q = 25m'/h=:7.10"^m'/s Theo phuong an sir dung nuac ngam da chpn bom chim kiSu giSng sau voi cong suat N = 5,5kW, luu lupng: Q* = 25m^/h, cot nuoc H = (40-60)m, s6 vong quay n = 2.900v/ph Gifag khoan nude ngim dupc thiet ki dat nha tram bom cimg voi cac loai may bom khac (bom tang ap cap nuoc thimg lpc, bom cap nuoc sach, bom dinh lupng, bom tu rira binh lpc ) dS thuan tien cho viec quan ly, van hanh Chieu dai duong 6ng til vi tri giing khoan din vi tri thap cao tai dl khu o nhilm him co, khit mpt phin sit nuoc ngim co tri s6 khong Ion L = 40m, vay, tin thit thuy luc tren ong xa khong cao, ca chpn ong dan voi kich thuoc duong kinh bSng kich thuoc mieng xa cua may bom chim giing sau (De„g din = D^ = 80mm) Voi phuong an sir dung nude mat tit song Sinh, khoang each din tram xir ly nuoc tai xi Thuy An la 7.000m (L„„(,c msi = 7.000m) qua xa Thuy Hing, Thuy Diing, Thuy Trinh va Thuy Luong (day la chilu dai qua Ion so vcri phuoiig an nuoc ngim) vin dl lua chpn may bom va tinh toan duong Ing cho hai phuong an sir dung nuoc ngim va sir dung nuoc mat cho tram xir ly nude 400m'/ngay.d t^ xa Thuy An duoc ttinh bay bang va chi phi tuong iing cho cac phuang an duoc trinh bay bang Chi phi cho he thing duong ong va lap dat ong dan ciia phuang an diing nuoc ngim khong qua 10 trieu ding Trong do, doi voi phuong an sir dung nuac mjt, chi phi (tinh cho sir dung Ing nhira HDPE duong kinh (D120-D125)) se la 2.590,00 trieu dong, neu tinh ca cac chi phi khac (dao ranh lip dp, xay dung tram bom ) thi se cao hon nhieu (co the toi (5-^6) ty dong) Bang Tinh toan ton thit thiiy lyc va cot nu-d^c can bffm cho tru-ffng hffp sir dung nird^c ngam va nv&c m^t Van toe Luu lut;mg can Dudng Dien tich dong tiet dien chay (dij) (Qb) thiiy lire thdt thuy (Fid) ong Cot Cpt Cong dia hinh bom long CO Ton that Tong ton cyc bo tren ong dan ong dan STT Ton that Tong ton sudt that luc 100m dien ong dan (ZLd„) ilK,) (IK) (Hai) (hb) (N.,) AHm m m m m kW (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) 3,0 40 43 5,5 (Vid) m'/h mVs M m' m/s /100m m (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) Phirong lin sir dung niro'c ngam voi chieu dai ong dan L„„^ „.u = 40m I.I 25 7.I0'' 0,08 5,024.103 1,39 42 T A P C H I T A I NGUYEN NU