áp dụng hệ thống quản lý an toàn và đánh giá rủi ro trong khai thác lộ thiên

Thong tin khoa hpc cong nghĐ m o "đ \/AP DUNG HE THONG QUAN LY AN TOAN VA DANH GIA RUI RO TRONG KHfil TH^C THfiN LQ THIEN In recent years, the coal and mineral setor has paid much ThS DO NGOC TUOC attention to the contml and prevention of the industrial accidents, ThS PHAM XUAN TRANG increase of the safety and labor sanitation Many solutions haver ThS LS BA PHUC been applied with good Initial results However, the low work Viin Khoa hgc Cdng nghd Md - Vinacomin safety has been at open pit coal mines Therefore, Improvement Bien tgp: TS Luu Van Thuc of the safety management and nsk assessment system for ensuring the minimization of the Industrial accidents has been considered as an urgent and essential Issue An toan lao ding Id mgc tidu hang d i u cde ngdnh cdng nghiep, dac bidt cac ITnh vye cd mdc d i nii ro eao nhy khai thac d i g khi, khai thdc md vd cde ngdnh cing nghipp ndng khdc Ngdnh eing nghipp khai thac than lp thien giai doan hien dang tdng bydc hipn dpi h i a cdc khdu eing nghe vd thilt bj Trong nhdng ndm g i n ddy, ngdnh Than - Khodng san dd cd nhilu e l gang kiem scat vd ngdn ehan tai nan lao ding, ndng eao cdng tde an todn ve sinh lao ding (AT-VSLD) Nhilu giai phdp dypc dp dgng vd bydc ddu da cho k i t qua t i t Tgy nhien, tinh trang m i t an todn lao ding tai cdc m i than lp thien vdn thydng xuyen xay Vi vay, van d l hoan thidn hp thing quan {•) an todn va ddnh gid nii ro d l dam bao giam thilu sy co vd tai nan lao ding d mdc thip nhit Id ein thiet vd eip bach Hipn tr^ng cong tac quan ly an toan khai thac than lp thidn Hipn nay, tpi cdo mo than l i thien eua Tap dodn TKV, ngydi chiu trdch nhipm chinh v l an todn lao ding la Gidm d i e mo, Phd giam doc phg trach An todn, phdng An todn, cdc phdng ban chdc ndng va cac tilg ban an toan tai cing trydng, phan xydng, t i san xuat Theo thong ke, nam (200902013) tai 09 md l i thien thuic Tdp dodn TKV da xay 16 vg tai nan nghidm trpng Idm 17 ngydi chit (hinh 1) Trang dd, ede vy tai nan lidn quan tnj'c tiep din khai thde m i g i m 13 vg (13 ngydi chet) bao gom cdc nggyen nhdn nhy; Vdn tai, bdi thai, cgng d p dipn, sda chda, che biln than, trypt ngd tren ting Cdn ipi la cde nguyen nhan khac (hinh 1) KJ S" » X LL 30 II lliDsintf XDcbOt mM V ^ tfi BSl WH I Tiioai cmgc4> i^3c nguy Rul ro xayra hiem 20 20 Bign gist 20 Tnrpt ng§ 20 Dl chuyen Va Cham vdi thiet bj Va Cham vdi thiet bi Ddtal Da roi, da vSng Xuc boo Bien phip han che Tuan thu khoang each an toan lam vigc uan ttiu khoang each an toan Km lam vigc ChU y quan sSt L i p cat K o le Can than di chuyen, chU y quan sat Tuan thu khoang each an toan iam vigc Tuan thu khoang each an toan lam viec ChU y quan sat Chii y quan sat, thyc high diing quy trinh L$t mSy XIJC 12 T r y p t nga 10 Trdi xe 4 Ke kich, chgn ehong phU hop SSp ben 16 Quan sat, thyc hign dung quy trinh Va Cham thiet bj ChO y quan sat Va Cham vdi mdy xiic 15 SSp g i u Xlic 5 Chay t h i l t hi 4 16 M i t kiem scat 20 Mat phanh Di chuyen Va cham t h i l t bj 5 25 20 Utxe 5 25 Trypt Id, da roi 3 Rao chdn, canh bao noi cd nguy CO Va cham thiet bi 20 Tuan thij quy trinh d d tai Laixe 5 25 Kiem scat t i c do, chu y quan sat d i thai dung quy djnh K i l m tra Nhdn tdi T r y p t Id, roi VSn tai, thdi dd Ddtai D l ddnh gia nil ro ta xdy dyng hai tieu ehi: Kha ndng xay rui ro (bang 1) va mdc dp nguy hilm d l i vdi eon ngydi (bang 2) Td dd, lap nen ma trdn ddnh gid rui ro (bang 3) T d k i t qua eua danh gid t i n g hpp cdc sy c i theo ma trdn rui ro r l i so sdnh vdi thang diem d l k i t ludn ddc tinh cua rui ro Mdc rui ro t d 1*4: Rui ro Khing ddng k l Tuan thij khoang each an toan iam viec Khong d i xe sat mgp tSng va chan tang Tuan thO khoang each an toan iam vigc Kiem scat va bao du'ang xe dung quy trinh PCCC phii hpp Tuan thii Quy pham an toan, kiem soat toe 6d Kiem scat va bao dydng xe dung quy trinh Tuan thu van toe va khoang each an toan chay xe Kiem soat t i c do, chii y quan sat (KDK); mdc rui ro td 5*9: Riii ro thap (T) c i t h i chap nhan dype theo nguyen ly nil ro t h i p nhit CO t h i chap nhan dyoc (ALAiRP) nhyng rui ro can dypc giam sat chat che; mdc riii ro bdng 9: Mdc gidi hpn ALARP; mdc rui ro td 10+25: Rui ro eao (C; NT) va nghiem trpng, khong dype chap nhan, can loai try hoac giam thieu ve nil ro chip nhdn dype KHCNM S6 1/2015 * CNKT L p THIEN Thong tin khoa hpc cong nghe mo - Xay dyng quy trinh huin luypn, dao tgo chuyen nghiep d l nang cao nhgn thtpc cho ngydi lao dgng va ngydi sy dung lao dpng v l v i n de "An toan va Si>c khoe nghe nghiep" nganh cong nghiep khai thac than Phat triln he thing quan !y an toan hoat ddng co hipu qua va dyq^c hd ira boi mot h§ thing giam sat giai quyet tat ca cac van de ve an toan a d p Cong ty, Tap doan Thyc hien day du cac quy djnh va hydng dan v l cdng tac quan ly an toan theo phap luat - Triln khai viec danh gia, kiem soat rui ro t i t ca cac khau san xuit mo, cac quy trinh van hanh may moc, thiet bj Treo cac bang danh gia rui ro cd t h i hien mCrc dp nguy hiem cua tyng cdng doan tai vj tri tac nghiep cung nhutreo tgi khu vyc d|it may moc, thilt bi Trydc moi ca lam viec, tiln hanh thao luan to, nhdm, dpi, d l dya nhu-ng nguy ca tiem an qua trinh thyc hien cong viec va cac bipn phap khic phuc nlu xay rui ro, sy co - TLF cac rui ro da dyp'c danh gia va triln khai, phai cap nhgt, bo sung cac co so dy lieu va nhyng nguy co cd t h i xac djnh d l danh gia lai, dam bao tilp tyc hoan thien va hoan thien hon nya he thong quan ly rui ro cua doanh nghipp Tai lieu tham khao: K i t luan AS/NZS ISO 31000-2009: "Quan 1^ mi ro: Cac phyong phap danh gia rui ro da dyg-c nguyen tic va huung dan" Australia/New nhilu to chyc va cac nha khoa hgc nghien cyu Zealand, 2009 nham han c h l d i n mu-c thip nhit cac sy c6 c6 ALARP -As Low As Reasonably Practicathe xay dya vao cac dij" lieu rui ro dyp'c thong ble - Tieu chuin quan ly rui ro ke qua cac giai doan, cac thdi ky san xuat cung Bui Xuan Nam: " An toan va v$ sinh lao nhy tyng loai hinh cong cy ap dyng Cac mo dgng nganh mo" Nha xuat ban Khoa hgc than 16 thien Viet Nam hipn da c6 nhyng Ty nhien va Cong nghe, Ha Npi, 2014 bydc tien vypi bac v l cdng nghp va thilt bj khai "So tay himng din ap dung h$ thSng quin thac dam bao hgn c h l d i n myc thgp nhit cac rui ro, tyng bydc hoan thien he thing quan ly an ly an toan v$ sinh lao dgng" Dy an toan, quan ly rui ro Tren co so do, cac mo cln RAS/08/07M/JPN, Viet Nam, 2011 triln khai sau rpng nhim danh gia myc dp rui ro, Ldi toa so^n: loai tn> cac mdi nguy hilm tiem I n phat sinh, Bii viit niy phin inh kit qui thuc hiin Nhiim vij: giam thilu tai nan lao dpng khai thac than "Xiy dung nOi dung cdng tic quin /y an toin theo quy lp thien, cac tac gia co mpt s6 d l xuit sau: dmh tai ThOng tu sd 43/2010/TT-BCT ngiy 29 thing 12 nim 2010 cua BQ COng Thuung iinh vt/c - Xay di/ng cac van ban quy djnh cu the d l khai thic than 10 thiin" dya danh gia rui ro vao ap dung rpng rai Nhiim vu thuQC Chuong trinh Qudc gia vi an toin thyc t l , dya viec danh gia va kilm soat rui ro lao ddng, v$ sinh lao dOng giai do^n 2011-2015 vao Quy djnh an toan ngi bg cung nhy cac Viin Khoa hoc COng nghi Md - Vinacomin chO tri quy dinh cua nganh Than ~ Khoang san thuc hue hidn Cac k§t qua d\jac so sanh voi Tieu chugn Quan ly mi ro, tijdo, du-a nhOng ki§n nghj phu hop nham kilm soat va giam nji ro xudng myc thap, phu hg-p vdi thyc t l co t h i chip nhan du'p'c (nguyen Iy ALARP) [2] b) Danh gia rui khai thac than 16 thien Trong khai thac than lo thien, cac rui ro v§ tai nan lao dgng tilm gn tiit ca cac khau cong nghe, cac quy trinh san xuit Cac khau cong nghe chinh hoat dpng khai thac cac mo than lp thien hien chu y l u la: Khoan - no min, xuc boc, vgn tai, thai da va cac khau phu trp" khac nhy: Thoat nydc, sCra ch&a Do vay, d l danh gia rui ro, can phai chia nho cac khau cong doan chinh cac cong doan nho hon theo trat ty trudc - sau C l n dat mpt so cau hoi qua trinh phan tich, xac djnh moi nguy hilm theo tCrng cong nghe ap dung, cac dieu kipn lien quan den qua trinh san xuat, sy c6 khac CO the xay va tac h^i cua no, Can cu" vao CO so dy lieu tai nan dyoc tdng hp'p ty cac mo CO dilu kien tyang ty va nhyng sy co da xay mo thdi gian xac ^ n h , lap bang ma tran rui ro d l xac djnh myc dp rui ro va cac bien phap kilm soat rui ro mo lp thien Bang gidi thipu ma tran danh gia so bg rui ro md lg thien K H C ^ M S 1/2015* CNKT LO THIEN ... Da roi, da vSng Xuc boo Bien phip han che Tuan thu khoang each an toan lam vigc uan ttiu khoang each an toan Km lam vigc ChU y quan sSt L i p cat K o le Can than di chuyen, chU y quan sat Tuan... dinh gii rOi ro khai thic than 10 thiin Cong ngh$ Cdng doan Cic nguy ca Di$n gigt Ki^m tra Tryot ngg mgy khoan Roi ty, sgp can khoan Khoan no mln Kha nang MOv nguy RiJi ro Bi^n phip han chi xayra... thij khoang each an toan iam viec Khong d i xe sat mgp tSng va chan tang Tuan thO khoang each an toan iam vigc Kiem scat va bao du''ang xe dung quy trinh PCCC phii hpp Tuan thii Quy pham an toan,