Một số vấn đề về lựa chọn giàn chống, tổ chức khai thác và điều khiển đá vách trong khai thác vỉa dốc nghiêng, dốc đứng có chiều dày trung bình và mỏng

Thong tin khoa hpc cong ngh? m o ng cfl c h i l u ddy trung binh vd m i n g Trong khai thdc via die, cfl t h i dp dyng khiu thep dp d i e vd theo phypng, dfl, ngyfl'i ta thyfl'ng sir dyng dgng gyong xidn chdc (hinh 1) Gypng Ifl chp xidn ehdo khic phye dypc nhOng nhypc dilm cde v i n d l v l khgi thde, vdn ehuyin than, khiu gypng 1) So d i khai thdc hinh l a , gidn ching dpc theo dfl die Cdc dilm hg vdch vd djch chuyin cug d i t dd phd hflg xdy g i n giing nhy vl ching dpc theo phypng via Dp vdy, khai thdc cdc via d i e dirng c i t h i 8i> dyng cdc logi Thong tin khoa lioc cong ngh0 mo W BapiiaHTbi a) ci[CTe.M pasoa- C) b) Hinh Saddhi thing khai thic vdi guong lo xiin chio d Id cht? dii Hinh Sa t}6 CNKT guong Id che xHn chio vdi vl ching ngin - chin thio rdi vi ching logi ngdn - chin Tuwng tg truing hep dd khgi thdc thi gu'O'ng Id ehe xidn ehdo thugn gu-ong khiu dpc theo phirong via, phu-ong dn lei v i sg phdn b i d i t dd theo d$ d i e eua gu'ong ndy nhit thiit phat ddo cdc Id thdo than Tuy khiu Do vdy, cdc chi t)it cua vi ching duvc nhidn khiu theo hu-dng die vdi gireng 16 giam bdt, vd k i t c i u ngdn - chdn eua vi ching che xidn ehdo, vide XLP ly cdc v i n d i v i dd 6r\ cung dt/ec don gidn hod dang k i dinh vd diiu kidn di chuyin gidn ching, nhit Id Nhut/c diem chinh cua guvng Id xien ch6o d phin d i u vd cuii Id che se phi>c tgp hen vd la mirc dp nguy hiim tinh tg sdp d i cua trg hgn c h i dp dgng thgc t i than vd vi ching d phia tren Id dpc via thdng gid 2) Scr d i khai thdc hinh 1b, gidn ching dpc Do ngirdi ta thirdng khdng dp dgng gu-o-ng theo phirong via, diiu khiin dd vdch bdng phd Id ehe xidn cheo khai thde cdc via cd dd vdch hda todn phin Khi dd, dO biin dgng cua vdch d i bj sgp d i (ho$c thudng xay nhirng cu d i m theo dpc guvng Id che tdng, du^yi chdn ehe, da md), hodc cd sg phgt than vd b i t ngd So d i vdc^ sdp d i sau gtrong Id (khu vgc phd hda) hinh 1b cd kha ndng dp dgng r$ng rdi nhit d i i khdng ddng ke vd duvc trai trdn dipn rpng cdn vdi cde via d i e nghieng vd d i e dimg than tg d d i u Id che dd vdch sdp d i rit nhanh vd diiu chay, vach sdp thugn lei Oiim khde bipt ce kidn lam vide eua vl ching khd khdn hem so vdi ban cua phu'ong phdp ndy so vdi cdc phu-ong gutmg Id che thing Tru-eng hep da vach phdp t h i hi^n tren hinh 2, 4, 5, Id: tn/c t)ip dd sdp d i , l i p d i y todn t>d khdng gian - Vide phd hda thgdng ky da vdch cd d i u k H r \ M S 11/2016' CNKT H A M U ) Thong tin khoa hpc cong ngh$ mo •> vypt tnjwc (tif - 10m) hgn c h l dypc nhyng khfl khdn cflng tdc ching giy d c vi ching a gypng Ifl chp Mgt khde, ddm bdo vide djch chuyen cua d i t dd phd hoa - Khi gypng Ifl xidn cheo gflc 60 + 65° so vdri phyong via, khflng d n ddo cdc 16 thdo than, ddm bdo than ty chdy dpc tiieo gyong Ifl chp vd thudn lpi cho vipc di chuyen gidn ching tiln gyong - Thyc t l , ngyoi ta thyfl'ng su' dyng d e logi vi ching ldm vide theo nguydn ly trin ngdn mem, cflng tdc lip rdp vi ching a Ifl dpc via thflng gifl, thdc dfl' cr Ifl vgn tai (hinh 2) Theo so d i hinh 2, eho thiy, a phyong plidp ndy, cdc gyong khiu dypc khai thflng bdng cdc Ifl xuydn via Khi chuin bj, Ifl dpc thflng gifl dypc n i i thflng 40 + 45m bdng d c Ifl thypng, vd dypc sil dyng d l thflng gifl cung nhy d l ldm 16 thdo than xulng Ifl vdn tai e i n g thfl'i, vfl'i vide mo 16 thflng gifl, vdn tai Id cde Ifl dpc phdn ting vfli khodng d e h 20 + 25m, chia ting khai thdc thdnh d e phdn ting Cdc dyfl'ng Ifl ndy, cung nhy Ifl d t (Ifl kho'i dilm) l i p rdp vi ching dypc ddo bdm tnj via Ngodi ra, tn,i than bao vd edc Ifl dpc via d n kich thyflfc nhfl nhit (Ifl dpc via thflng gifl khoang + 3,5m, Ifl dpc phdn ting tir + 2,5m), nham hgn c h l t i n thit thgn Nhy vdy, so d i ehuin bj Ifl chp v l co bdn khflng khdc nhilu so vfl'i phypng phdp khai thde c i t dai theo phyong, gypng 16 chp ddi Khdc bigt CO ban cua phyong phdp gyong Ifl xidn chep Id d n g nghd khai thdc trpng d c gyong khiu cheo Cy the Id: - Cdc phdn t i n g dypc khiu d|lt tir bidn giflri vdo tmng tdm, phan t i n g trdn vypt tnrfl'C phdn t i n g dyoi (duii nhau) 25 + 30m O m i l phdn ting, tgp 16 d t d l tgp gyong Ifl xien chdc - Ciing vfl'i vide tgo 16 d t , 16 dpc phdn ting ddp vypt tnidc 15 -s- 18m, t i l n hdnh l i p rdp vl ching VI ching bgp g i m d c gid do' (mdng) hinh tam gide, ring 0,5 + 0,6m vd dypc lidn kit vdi bo'i d c dai giing dpc tuyln gypng, phia tren d e gid do' dypc phu kin bing hai Ifl'p lyoi kim logi, tgo thdnh t l m chin ngdn dd vdch Khi l i p rdp gidn ching a ifl dpc via thflng gifl cDng nhy c' Ifl olt, cdb gidn ching dypc djnh vj vdi gflc nghidng theo hyfl'ng d i e khodng 10 + 12» Kit thuc cflng tdc l i p rap vl ching * ifl d t , dfl tgp dypc gyong 16 chp cfl d i u vypt tryfl'c chdn la + 10m Tilp theo dfl, tiln hdnh khai thde thyfl'ng ky, theo quy tririh khai thde dypc phd duydt, cfl t h i khiu than bing khoan n i mln, hodc bing sire nyfl'c d Vidt Nam, tif ndm 2001, Vidn Khoa hpc Hinh So cS3 cdng nghi khai thic Id cho xien chio sir dgng giin ching mim cd chiiu dii xi c6 djnh ip dgng cho via B vich COng ty than Ving Danh KHCNM sO 11/2016 "CNKT HAM L Thong tin khoa hpc cong ngh# m o Ldd dgng giin chdng mim cd chiiu dii xi thay ddi loai ZRY20/30L cia Tmng Qudc tai Cdng ty than Hing Thii Cflng nghd Mfl dd nghidn ciru, dp dyng phypng Hinh S id so d i cing nghd khai thde eo gifl'i hfla phdp ndy khai thdc cdc via ddy trung binh d i n ding b i gypng Ifl chp dgng xidn chdp, khiu ddy, d i e dumg, trpng Cflng nghd khai thdc bing than bdng mdy combai, ching giy bing gidn gidn ching mim, cfl chilu ddi xd d djnh, dp ching ty hdnh (cfl t h i si> dyng logi gidn t y hdnh dung eho vig 8, Vdng Danh (hinh 3) Ndm 2015, khde d dilu kidn dp dyng phii hpp d l thay thi) dd phii hpp viifi Cflng ty than Hing Thdi, nghidn Trong so d i cflng nghd ndy, gyong khiu dypc cyu vd dya vdo dp dyng khai thde edc via cfl b i tri ehdo sp vfl'i hyfl'ng d i e via mflt gflc ttr ehilu ddy tmng binh, d i e trdn 45°, Cflng •^ 15°, khiu than tir dyfl'i Idn tren So vfln girong nghd khai thde bing gidn ching mim (hinh 4), khiu thing, gypng xien ehdo giup tdng lye d t d ehilu ddi xd thay d l i dypc mflt phgm vi cua thilt bj khiu than, di chuyin gidn vd dilu nhit djnh (gidn ching m i m logi ZRY) Kit qud khiln dd vdch thugn Ipi Ap dung cflng nghd dp dung dd eho edc chi tidu kinh t l ky thudt n i l trpng dilu kidn khodng sdng tgi mflt s i nyfl'c dd trfli so vfl'i cdc logi hinh cflng nghd khdc dp dung cho cdc chi tieu cflng nghd t i t nhu': sdn lypng trpng ciing dilu kifln Sdc bidt Id cflng tdc an khai thdc dgt 250 + 320 ngdn tin/ndm, ndng todn cung nhy vide ndng cao higu qud khai thdc suit lgo dflng 20 + 35 tin/cflng edc via die Cf Tmng Quie, ngy6i tg dd nghien ciru vd Trdn t h i gifli, d l khai thdc cdc via than co c h l tgo dypc t i hpp gidn ching ty hdnh vd mdy ehilu day tmng binh, dilu kidn gflc d i e via iim khiu d l khai thdc Ifl chp cflt dai thep phyong 45 + 55°, dilu kidn via thudn lpi (nhyng khu vyc (gyong Ifl chp dgng xidn chdp) chp dilu kidn via via It dflng v l chilu ddy vd gflc die), mflt s i cfl chilu ddy tmng binh, gflc d i e Idn tfli 55 + 60° nifOc n h y Nga, Tdy Ba Nha, cfl xu hyfl'ng T l hpp thilt bj ndy si> dung cdc gidn ching ddc lya chpn giai phap cflng nghd khai thdc cflt ddi bidt hole eo gidng giy p ngd bg d i u vd chdn Ifl theo phyong vfli gyong khiu ehdo cp gifli hfla chp, hgn c h l gian ching trfli trypt theo hydng ding b i si> dyng mdy khiu hodc may bdo than die Ngodi ra, mdy khiu eung dypc trang bj hp @ l KHCNM S6 11/2016'CNKT HAM L Thong tin khoa hpc cong ngh§ mo j*M'" j B ' ^ ^ * ^ ^ ^ f e ^ TvtVMk'A ^ K F ^ J ^ ^ y * ^ ^ • - ' ^ ^ ^ ^ "^ '' rit k h i khdn Thye t l , cdc mo h i m 16 cua TKV dd dya vdo dp dyng nhilu logi hinh